A thickness-adjustable masonry paving screed

Abstract

This utility model relates to a mortar spreading and leveling combination tool for masonry engineering with adjustable mortar thickness. It includes a mortar spreading frame, a mortar leveling device, and fixing components, all of which can be fabricated on-site using discarded wooden templates and scrapped water-stop screws. The mortar spreading frame is a rectangular frame with a central cutout forming a mortar spreading channel that extends through both ends and its width can be adjusted according to the masonry block. Vertical elongated holes are provided on both sides of the frame for threaded screws to pass through and connect to the masonry block, achieving stepless height adjustment from 0 to 20 mm, thus precisely controlling the mortar joint thickness. The mortar leveling device consists of a base plate and a handle. The lower edge of the base plate has a serrated scraping structure, which can simultaneously complete mortar division and surface leveling during dragging. In use, the mortar spreading frame is fixed to the front edge of the masonry block, mortar is injected, and the entire assembly is dragged backward. The leveling device follows suit, leveling the mortar and completing continuous and uniform mortar spreading in one go. This utility model has a simple structure, near-zero cost, and convenient operation. It can significantly improve construction efficiency by 2-3 times, control mortar joint thickness deviation within ±1 mm, and reduce mortar waste and construction waste, achieving green construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of secondary structure masonry engineering, specifically a combination tool for adjusting the thickness of masonry mortar application and leveling. Background Technology

[0002] In the current construction industry, with the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous advancement of infrastructure construction, secondary structure masonry engineering, as a crucial part of building construction, is experiencing a surge in workload. However, at the same time, the number of skilled masonry workers is showing a relative downward trend, leading to a series of challenges for masonry projects.

[0003] I. Shortage of masonry workers and the challenges of skills training

[0004] Traditional masonry work relies heavily on the skills and experience of skilled workers, and training new workers is a lengthy and costly process. With the retirement and career changes of older masons, newly hired workers often lack sufficient practical experience and skill levels, making it difficult to achieve high-quality construction standards in a short period. This not only affects the overall progress of masonry projects but also increases the risk of quality problems due to improper operation.

[0005] II. Efficiency and Quality Issues of Traditional Masonry Methods

[0006] In traditional masonry methods, the mortar application process is a crucial step, but it is cumbersome and inefficient. Workers must manually control the thickness and uniformity of the cement mortar during application, which is not only labor-intensive but also prone to problems such as inconsistent mortar thickness and poor flatness due to human error. These issues not only affect the overall stability and aesthetics of the masonry wall but also increase the difficulty and cost of subsequent repairs.

[0007] III. The dual pressures of environmental protection and cost control

[0008] In the current global context of advocating for green, low-carbon, and environmentally friendly practices, the construction industry also faces enormous environmental pressure. Traditional masonry methods often result in significant waste of cement mortar, increasing material costs and polluting the environment. Simultaneously, with rising labor costs, how to reduce labor costs and improve construction efficiency through technological innovation has become a pressing issue for construction companies.

[0009] IV. Limitations of Existing Technologies

[0010] Although some tools and equipment for assisting masonry work exist on the market, most of them suffer from problems such as limited functionality, complex operation, and high cost. For example, while some automated mortar spreading equipment can improve mortar spreading efficiency, its high price and complicated operation process deter many small and medium-sized construction companies. On the other hand, some simple mortar spreading tools often cannot meet the requirements for precise control of mortar thickness and flatness, making it difficult to guarantee construction quality. Utility Model Content

[0011] This utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a combination tool for adjusting the thickness of mortar in masonry construction, which solves the problems of low efficiency, difficulty in controlling the thickness of mortar joints, high labor costs, and a lot of construction waste in traditional masonry construction.

[0012] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model is implemented as follows:

[0013] A combination tool for laying and leveling mortar in masonry projects with adjustable thickness, characterized in that it includes a mortar laying frame, a mortar leveler, and a fixing component;

[0014] The mortar spreading frame is a rectangular frame with a mortar spreading channel that runs vertically through the frame and is open at both ends along its length. The fixing component is connected to the mortar spreading frame and is used to position the mortar spreading frame on the top surface of the block in an adjustable manner.

[0015] The leveling device is installed above the mortar channel in a way that allows it to slide along the length of the mortar channel. The lower edge of the leveling device is provided with a scraping structure for scraping the mortar.

[0016] By dragging the mortar spreading frame, the mortar leveler works in conjunction with the mortar spreading channel to achieve continuous mortar spreading and quantitative mortar leveling in one go.

[0017] The aforementioned thickness-adjustable masonry mortar spreading and leveling combination tool is characterized in that: the mortar spreading frame is formed by two long side plates and two wide end plates enclosing a rectangular frame, with a hollowed-out middle part of the frame forming the mortar spreading channel; vertical elongated holes are respectively opened at the front and rear ends of the two long side plates to allow the fixing components to pass through and realize the height adjustment of the mortar spreading frame.

[0018] The aforementioned thickness-adjustable masonry mortar spreading and leveling combination tool is characterized in that: the fixing component includes two through-threaded rods and matching nuts;

[0019] The lower end of each threaded rod passes through the corresponding vertical elongated hole and then abuts against or inserts into the reserved hole / gap on the side of the block. The upper end is locked with a nut, so that the mortar spreading frame is suspended on the block and can move up and down along the vertical elongated hole to adjust the mortar spreading thickness.

[0020] The aforementioned thickness-adjustable masonry mortar spreading and leveling combination tool is characterized in that: the mortar leveler includes a rectangular base plate, and the lower edge of the base plate is provided with continuous serrations to form the mortar scraping structure.

[0021] A grip handle is fixed to the upper surface of the substrate. The handle is fixed to the substrate by screws or adhesive. The outer surface of the handle is sanded smooth.

[0022] The aforementioned thickness-adjustable masonry mortar spreading and leveling combination tool is characterized in that: the width of the rectangular base plate is equal to or slightly smaller than the width of the mortar spreading channel, so that the two sides of the base plate slide and fit against the longitudinal side plate of the mortar spreading channel.

[0023] When the mortar-laying frame is dragged, the substrate moves automatically against the top surface of the mortar-laying channel due to the reaction force of the mortar, achieving synchronous leveling.

[0024] The aforementioned thickness-adjustable masonry mortar spreading and leveling combination tool is characterized in that: the mortar spreading frame and leveling device are both made from waste wooden formwork at the construction site;

[0025] The length of the long side plate of the mortar laying frame is 400-600 mm, the height of the wide end plate is 80-120 mm, and the width of the mortar laying channel is 40-60 mm.

[0026] The base plate of the leveling device is 150-200 mm long, the width matches the ash-laying channel, and the thickness is 8-12 mm.

[0027] The aforementioned thickness-adjustable masonry mortar spreading and leveling combination tool is characterized in that: the length of the threaded rod of the fixing component is not less than 200 mm, and the diameter of the rod is 8-12 mm; the nut is a combination of a wing nut or a hexagonal nut and a washer, so as to facilitate manual and quick tightening and loosening.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: As can be seen from the above technical solution, this application provides a combined tool for adjusting the thickness of mortar in masonry construction, combining the step-by-step mortar laying and leveling processes in traditional masonry into a simultaneous operation through the coordinated design of the mortar laying frame and the leveling device. After the mortar laying frame is fixed, the worker only needs to fill the mortar and drag the device to complete the mortar joint laying and surface leveling in one go, avoiding the time-consuming operation of repeatedly adjusting the mortar thickness and manually scraping. According to actual tests, the mortar laying and leveling time for a single layer of blocks is shortened by about 40% compared with the traditional process, and the overall construction efficiency is significantly improved. It is especially suitable for large-scale secondary structure masonry projects, which can effectively shorten the construction period and reduce time costs.

[0029] This invention effectively reduces the difficulty and labor cost of secondary structure bricklaying construction, quickly fills the shortage of skilled workers, shortens the training time for bricklaying workers, improves the quality of the overall bricklaying mortar laying and leveling processes, and achieves the goals of green construction and cost control. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mortar frame.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a leveling device. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figure 1-3 As shown: A masonry mortar spreading and leveling assembly tool with thickness adjustment, comprising a mortar spreading frame 1, a mortar leveler 2, and a fixing component;

[0037] The mortar spreading frame is a rectangular frame with a mortar spreading channel that runs vertically through the frame and is open at both ends along its length. The fixing component is connected to the mortar spreading frame and is used to position the mortar spreading frame on the top surface of the block 3 in an adjustable manner.

[0038] The leveling device is installed above the mortar channel in a way that allows it to slide along the length of the mortar channel. The lower edge of the leveling device is provided with a scraping structure for scraping the mortar 4.

[0039] By dragging the mortar spreading frame, the mortar leveler works in conjunction with the mortar spreading channel to achieve continuous mortar spreading and quantitative mortar leveling in one go.

[0040] The mortar-laying frame is formed by two long side plates and two wide end plates, with a hollowed-out section in the middle of the frame to form the mortar-laying channel. Vertical elongated holes 7 are opened at the front and rear ends of the two long side plates to allow the fixing components to pass through and to adjust the height of the mortar-laying frame.

[0041] The fixing assembly includes two through-threaded screws 5 and matching nuts 6;

[0042] The lower end of each threaded rod passes through the corresponding vertical elongated hole and then abuts against or inserts into the reserved hole / gap on the side of the block. The upper end is locked with a nut, so that the mortar spreading frame is suspended on the block and can move up and down along the vertical elongated hole to adjust the mortar spreading thickness.

[0043] The leveling device includes a rectangular base plate, and the lower edge of the base plate is provided with continuous serrations to form the scraping structure.

[0044] A grip handle is fixed to the upper surface of the substrate. The handle is fixed to the substrate by screws or adhesive. The outer surface of the handle is sanded smooth.

[0045] The width of the rectangular substrate is equal to or slightly smaller than the width of the ash-laying channel, so that the two sides of the substrate slide against the longitudinal side plate of the ash-laying channel.

[0046] When the mortar-laying frame is dragged, the substrate moves automatically against the top surface of the mortar-laying channel due to the reaction force of the mortar, achieving synchronous leveling.

[0047] The mortar laying frame and mortar leveling device are both made from waste wooden formwork from the construction site;

[0048] The length of the long side plate of the mortar laying frame is 400-600 mm, the height of the wide end plate is 80-120 mm, and the width of the mortar laying channel is 40-60 mm.

[0049] The base plate of the leveling device is 150-200 mm long, the width matches the ash-laying channel, and the thickness is 8-12 mm.

[0050] The length of the threaded rod of the fixing component is not less than 200 mm, and the diameter of the rod is 8-12 mm; the nut is a combination of a wing nut or a hexagonal nut and a washer, so as to facilitate manual and quick tightening and loosening.

[0051] First, use two fixing screws to fix the mortar spreading frame to the block through the screw holes reserved in the mortar spreading frame. Control the mortar spreading thickness by moving the whole frame up and down. Put the adhesive or cement mortar into the middle of the mortar spreading frame and onto the block. Place the mortar leveler on the cement mortar in the mortar spreading frame. When in use, drag the mortar spreading frame backward, and the mortar leveler will follow.

[0052] Traditional masonry techniques heavily rely on worker experience; controlling mortar thickness and adjusting flatness require extensive training to master. This tool, through standardized structure and fixed operation (such as pre-drilled bolt holes in the mortar spreading frame and the sawtooth design of the mortar leveler), transforms key construction parameters (mortar joint thickness, leveling force) into inherent tool properties. Even beginners can produce mortar joints that meet quality requirements after simple training. This feature significantly reduces reliance on skilled workers, solves the labor shortage problem caused by a decrease in the number of masons, and shortens the training period for new workers (estimated to be reduced from 3-6 months to 1-2 weeks).

[0053] The hollowed-out area (400mm×50mm) in the middle of the mortar spreading frame and the vertical positioning design of the fixing screws ensure the uniformity of mortar thickness (error ≤2mm), avoiding the uneven thickness problem commonly seen in manual mortar spreading. The serrated structure of the leveling tool (10mm spacing, 5mm depth) can quickly scrape off excess mortar, forming a regular wavy texture and enhancing the adhesion between the mortar and the blocks. Quality comparison data shows that the mortar joint fullness of masonry projects using this tool reaches over 98%, and the hollow rate is less than 2%, improving quality stability by about 30% compared to traditional methods, and significantly reducing later repair and rework costs.

[0054] The main body of the tool (mortar spreading frame and mortar leveling device) is made from discarded formwork and water-stop bolts from construction sites, eliminating the need for additional material procurement. Taking a single building (masonry area of ​​2000㎡) as an example, it can consume approximately 50㎡ of discarded formwork and 20 water-stop bolts, directly reducing construction waste emissions by approximately 0.8 tons. Simultaneously, the tool's precise mortar spreading function reduces mortar waste (reducing usage by 15%-20% compared to traditional methods), further lowering material consumption and carbon emissions.

[0055] This tool has extremely low material costs (requiring only waste material processing), with a single set costing approximately 15 yuan, only 0.07% of the cost of automated plastering equipment on the market (average price over 20,000 yuan). Operation requires no electricity or complex machinery, and maintenance costs are close to zero. For small and medium-sized construction companies, its "low cost + high efficiency" characteristics can quickly translate into a competitive advantage, especially in areas with high labor costs or strict environmental regulations, where its promotional value is significant. It is estimated that applying this tool to a single project can save approximately 25%-35% of the overall cost (including labor, materials, and rework).

[0056] The width of the perforated area of ​​the mortar laying frame (50-100mm) and the length of the leveling mortar (150-300mm) can be customized according to the block size. The fixing screw assembly is compatible with on-site modification of water-stop screws, and the fastening methods support multiple forms such as nut locking and pin fixing. This design allows the tool to be quickly adapted to different regions and different types of masonry projects (such as residential buildings, factories, municipal facilities, etc.), avoiding the waste of resources of "one tool per project" and improving the universality and life cycle value of the technical solution.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] This embodiment takes the construction of a secondary structure infill wall in a high-rise residential building as an example to fully describe the manufacturing, installation, and use process of "a tool for rapid mortar spreading and leveling in masonry engineering". All materials used are common waste items found on construction sites. The implementation steps are as follows:

[0059] 1. Material preparation

[0060] 1.1 Waste wooden formwork: Select 15 mm thick film-coated plywood scraps with a smooth surface and no through cracks.

[0061] 1.2 Discarded water-stop screw rods: Cut two through-thread screw rods with a length of 250 mm and a diameter of 10 mm, and equip them with four M10 wing nuts and four Ø10 washers.

[0062] 1.3 Tools: woodworking table saw, hand drill, Ø10 drill bit, 80# sandpaper, measuring tape, pencil.

[0063] 2. Construction of the mortar frame

[0064] 2.1 Cut the template into two longitudinal side plates with a length of 500 mm and a width of 100 mm, and two lateral end plates with a length of 90 mm and a width of 100 mm.

[0065] 2.2 Use a table saw to cut a through groove at the center of the two longitudinal side plates to form a 400 mm × 50 mm mortar-laying channel.

[0066] 2.3 Drill vertical elongated holes 30 mm from both ends of the longitudinal side plate. The holes are 12 mm × 25 mm in size, for the threaded rod to pass through and allow for ±10 mm height adjustment.

[0067] 2.4 Use 40 mm self-tapping screws to form a rectangular frame, keeping the mortar channel unobstructed on the inside, and chamfering the four corners of the outside by 2 mm × 45° to prevent bumps and knocks.

[0068] 3. Preparation of leveling tools

[0069] 3.1 Take the 150 mm × 170 mm template scrap as the substrate, with the same thickness as 15 mm.

[0070] 3.2 Cut equidistant serrations at the lower edge of the substrate with a saw blade. The serrations are 10 mm apart and 5 mm deep, forming a scraping structure.

[0071] 3.3 Fix a 120 mm × 30 mm × 25 mm wooden strip as a handle at the center of the upper surface of the substrate with a self-tapping screw. Sand the handle and edges smooth.

[0072] 4. On-site installation

[0073] 4.1 Pass the two threaded rods through the vertical elongated holes on both sides of the mortar laying frame, insert the lower end into the pre-reserved gap on the side of the already placed aerated concrete block (or close to the side of the block), and put the washer and wing nut into the upper end in sequence.

[0074] 4.2 Tighten the wing nuts according to the designed mortar joint thickness of 10 mm to maintain a 10 mm gap between the bottom surface of the mortar laying frame and the top surface of the block, thus completing the height locking.

[0075] 5. Operation

[0076] 5.1 Use a mortar shovel to inject cement mortar into the mortar channel in one go, with the mortar slightly higher than the top of the channel.

[0077] 5.2 Hold the leveling tool handles with both hands and place the substrate on the ash-laying channel with the saw teeth facing the rear of the travel direction.

[0078] 5.3 The operator drags the mortar laying frame backward at a uniform speed, and the mortar leveler slides on the top surface of the mortar, the saw teeth cut off the excess mortar, and the surface is scraped flat to form a continuous mortar strip with a thickness of 10 mm and a width of 100 mm.

[0079] 5.4 After completing one mortar strip, loosen the wing nut and move the mortar laying frame forward to the position of the next block. Repeat steps 4.2-5.3 until the entire wall is mortared.

[0080] 6. Turnover and Maintenance

[0081] 6.1 After finishing work each day, rinse the mortar channel and leveling device with clean water to prevent the mortar from hardening.

[0082] 6.2 Inspect the vertical elongated hole and the screw thread. If any damage is found, replace it with similar scrap material from the site immediately.

[0083] 6.3 In this embodiment, the tool set was used 42 times in the secondary structure construction of an 18-story high-rise residential building, with a total of about 860 m of mortar tape laid, and the structure remained intact without any obvious wear or deformation.

[0084] As demonstrated in this embodiment, the tool manufacturing time is less than 20 minutes, with zero on-site procurement costs, and the daily laying efficiency is increased from the traditional 7 m... 2 Increased to 16 m 2 The measured thickness of the mortar joints was 9.8~10.2 mm, and the wall passed the first-time inspection with a 100% pass rate, which fully verified the feasibility and beneficial effects of this utility model.

[0085] The above are merely embodiments provided in this application and are not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. However, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A thickness-adjustable masonry laying and trowelling combination tool, characterised in that: It includes a mortar laying frame, a mortar leveler, and fixing components; The mortar spreading frame is a rectangular frame with a mortar spreading channel that runs vertically through the frame and is open at both ends along its length. The fixing component is connected to the mortar spreading frame and is used to position the mortar spreading frame on the top surface of the block in an adjustable manner. The leveling device is installed above the mortar channel in a way that allows it to slide along the length of the mortar channel. The lower edge of the leveling device is provided with a scraping structure for scraping the mortar. By dragging the mortar spreading frame, the mortar leveler works in conjunction with the mortar spreading channel to achieve continuous mortar spreading and quantitative mortar leveling in one go.

2. A thickness-adjustable masonry laying and trowelling combination tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mortar-laying frame is formed by two longitudinal side plates and two lateral end plates, with a rectangular frame enclosed by two longitudinal side plates. The middle of the frame is hollowed out to form the mortar-laying channel. Vertical elongated holes are opened at the front and rear ends of the two longitudinal side plates to allow the fixing components to pass through and to adjust the height of the mortar-laying frame.

3. A thickness-adjustable masonry laying and trowelling combination tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing component includes two threaded rods and matching nuts; The lower end of each threaded rod passes through the corresponding vertical elongated hole and then abuts against or inserts into the reserved hole / gap on the side of the block. The upper end is locked with a nut, so that the mortar spreading frame is suspended on the block and can move up and down along the vertical elongated hole to adjust the mortar spreading thickness.

4. A combination tool for laying and trowelling mortar in masonry work according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The leveling device includes a rectangular base plate, and the lower edge of the base plate is provided with continuous serrations to form the scraping structure. A grip handle is fixed to the upper surface of the substrate. The handle is fixed to the substrate by screws or adhesive. The outer surface of the handle is sanded smooth.

5. A thickness-adjustable masonry laying and trowelling combination tool according to claim 4, characterised in that: The width of the rectangular substrate is equal to or slightly smaller than the width of the ash-laying channel, so that the two sides of the substrate slide against the longitudinal side plate of the ash-laying channel. When the mortar-laying frame is dragged, the substrate moves automatically against the top surface of the mortar-laying channel due to the reaction force of the mortar, achieving synchronous leveling.

6. A thickness-adjustable masonry laying and trowelling combination tool according to claim 4, wherein: The mortar laying frame and mortar leveling device are both made from waste wooden formwork from the construction site; The length of the long side plate of the mortar laying frame is 400-600 mm, the height of the wide end plate is 80-120 mm, and the width of the mortar laying channel is 40-60 mm. The base plate of the leveling device is 150-200 mm long, the width matches the ash-laying channel, and the thickness is 8-12 mm.

7. A thickness-adjustable masonry laying and trowelling combination tool according to claim 3, wherein: The length of the threaded rod of the fixing component is not less than 200 mm, and the diameter of the rod is 8-12 mm; the nut is a combination of a wing nut or a hexagonal nut and a washer, so as to facilitate manual and quick tightening and loosening.

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