A multi-layer leak-proof hydrogen storage cylinder
By wrapping a self-sealing layer around the outside of the hydrogen storage liner and utilizing a microcapsule structure to release sealant and curing agent, the problem of rapid leakage caused by the rupture of the hydrogen storage cylinder liner is solved, achieving the effects of delaying leakage and sealing, and improving safety and utilization.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- JIANGSU MINSHENG HEAVY IND
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-31
AI Technical Summary
Existing hydrogen storage cylinders lack secondary sealing measures, and if the inner liner ruptures, hydrogen will leak rapidly, posing safety hazards and causing waste.
A self-sealing layer is wrapped around the outside of the hydrogen storage liner. The self-sealing layer includes an elastic matrix and an embedded microcapsule structure. The microcapsules store a sealant and a curing agent. When the liner ruptures, the microcapsules release the sealant and curing agent to delay hydrogen leakage and seal the rupture.
It effectively slows down the rate of hydrogen leakage, and then solidifies and seals the rupture to prevent rapid hydrogen leakage, thereby improving safety and utilization.
Smart Images
Figure CN224580110U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrogen storage equipment technology, and in particular to a multi-layer leak-proof hydrogen storage cylinder. Background Technology
[0002] With the rapid development of the hydrogen energy industry, the safety of hydrogen storage cylinders has become paramount. While the currently mainstream Type IV cylinders (plastic liner, fully wound) are lightweight, their polymer liners offer limited protection against hydrogen and are prone to leakage after damage. Type III cylinders (metal liner, fully wound) offer better protection, but the metal liner may crack under extreme impact or fatigue, leading to a sudden leak of high-pressure hydrogen and posing a safety hazard. Traditional hydrogen storage cylinders, even with partial liner rupture, lack effective secondary sealing mechanisms, resulting in rapid and complete hydrogen leakage, causing waste and safety risks. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a multi-layer leak-proof hydrogen storage cylinder to solve the technical problem that existing hydrogen storage cylinders lack secondary sealing methods, and as long as the inner liner is broken, the hydrogen in the storage cylinder will leak rapidly until the hydrogen is completely leaked, causing waste and safety hazards.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:
[0005] A multi-layer leak-proof hydrogen storage cylinder includes a hydrogen storage liner, a self-sealing layer, a reinforcing layer, and a protective layer;
[0006] The self-sealing layer covers the outside of the hydrogen storage liner and includes an elastic matrix and a microcapsule structure embedded in the elastic matrix. The microcapsule structure contains a sealant and a curing agent. The reinforcing layer is connected to the outside of the self-sealing layer, and the protective layer is connected to the outside of the reinforcing layer.
[0007] In a multi-layer leak-proof hydrogen storage cylinder described in this application embodiment, the microcapsule structure includes an enclosing capsule wall and a separating capsule wall. The separating capsule wall is disposed inside the enclosing capsule wall to divide the space enclosed by the enclosing capsule wall into a sealed chamber and a curing chamber. The sealed chamber is used to store a sealant, and the curing chamber is used to store a curing agent.
[0008] In the multi-layer leak-proof hydrogen storage cylinder described in this application embodiment, both the surrounding bladder wall and the separating bladder wall are made of urea-formaldehyde resin.
[0009] In the multi-layer leak-proof hydrogen storage cylinder described in this application embodiment, the sealant is hydrogenated bisphenol A type epoxy resin.
[0010] In the multi-layer leak-proof hydrogen storage cylinder described in this application embodiment, the curing agent is ethylenediamine.
[0011] In a multi-layer leak-proof hydrogen storage cylinder described in this application embodiment, the hydrogen storage liner includes a cylinder body and a cylinder mouth, the cylinder body and the cylinder mouth are integrally formed, and a sealing valve is installed at the cylinder mouth.
[0012] In the multi-layer leak-proof hydrogen storage cylinder described in this application embodiment, the hydrogen storage liner is a metal liner or a plastic liner.
[0013] In the multi-layer leak-proof hydrogen storage cylinder described in the embodiments of this application, the reinforcing layer is a carbon fiber winding layer with a thickness of 1.5mm to 3mm.
[0014] In the multi-layer leak-proof hydrogen storage cylinder described in this application embodiment, the protective layer is made of glass fiber reinforced polyester resin.
[0015] In a multi-layer leak-proof hydrogen storage cylinder described in this application embodiment, a buffer layer is provided between the reinforcing layer and the protective layer.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of this application have the following beneficial effects:
[0017] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the multi-layer leak-proof hydrogen storage cylinder provided in this application provides a self-sealing layer on the outside of the hydrogen storage liner. The self-sealing layer includes an elastic matrix and microcapsule structures embedded in the elastic matrix for storing sealant and curing agent. When the hydrogen storage liner is partially ruptured, the high-pressure hydrogen gas inside the liner impacts the microcapsule structure, causing it to rupture. The sealant and curing agent flow into the rupture opening, greatly slowing down the leakage rate of hydrogen gas. After subsequent curing, the rupture opening is sealed. This solves the technical problem in the prior art where, due to the lack of secondary sealing methods, as long as the liner is ruptured, hydrogen gas in the hydrogen storage cylinder will leak rapidly until it is completely leaked, causing waste and safety hazards. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. The drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale, and for clarity, not every component will be labeled in each drawing. The drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:
[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of this application.
[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of part A in the diagram.
[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0022] 100-Hydrogen storage liner, 110-Bottle body, 120-Bottle mouth, 130-Sealing valve, 200-Self-sealing layer, 210-Elastic matrix, 220-Microcapsule structure, 221-Encompassing capsule wall, 222-Separating capsule wall, 223-Sealed chamber, 224-Cureable chamber, 30-Reinforcing layer, 40-Protective layer, 50-Buffer layer. Detailed Implementation
[0023] Traditional hydrogen storage cylinders lack effective secondary sealing methods. If a partial rupture occurs in the inner liner of the hydrogen storage cylinder, the hydrogen inside the cylinder will leak rapidly until it is completely leaked, resulting in waste and safety hazards.
[0024] In view of this, this application provides a multi-layer leak-proof hydrogen storage cylinder. The concept is to cover the outside of the hydrogen storage liner with a self-sealing layer. The self-sealing layer includes an elastic matrix and microcapsule structures embedded in the elastic matrix for storing sealant and curing agent. When the hydrogen storage liner is partially ruptured, the high-pressure hydrogen gas inside the liner impacts the microcapsule structure, causing it to rupture. The sealant and curing agent flow into the rupture opening, greatly slowing down the leakage rate of hydrogen gas. After subsequent curing, the rupture opening is sealed. This solves the technical problem in the prior art where the lack of secondary sealing means in hydrogen storage cylinders leads to rapid leakage of hydrogen gas until complete leakage as soon as the liner ruptures, causing waste and safety hazards.
[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0026] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0027] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.
[0028] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0029] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of this application. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. In addition, various specific examples of processes and materials are provided in this application, but those skilled in the art will recognize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.
[0030] This application provides a multi-layer leak-proof hydrogen storage cylinder, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown. A multi-layer leak-proof hydrogen storage cylinder includes a hydrogen storage liner 100, a self-sealing layer 200, a reinforcing layer 300, and a protective layer 400.
[0031] The hydrogen storage liner 100 serves as the main body for carrying hydrogen. It can be a metal liner, such as an aluminum alloy liner, or a plastic liner, such as a polyamide liner.
[0032] The self-sealing layer 200 is coated and bonded to the outside of the hydrogen storage liner 100, and includes an elastic matrix 210 and a microcapsule structure 220 embedded in the elastic matrix 210. The microcapsule structure 220 contains a sealant and a curing agent.
[0033] Specifically, the hydrogen storage liner 100 includes a bottle body 110 and a bottle mouth 120, the bottle body 110 and the bottle mouth 120 are integrally formed, a sealing valve 130 is installed at the bottle mouth 120, the microcapsule structure 220 includes an enclosing capsule wall 221 and a separating capsule wall 222, the enclosing capsule wall 221 has a space inside, and the separating capsule wall 222 is disposed inside the enclosing capsule wall 221 to divide the space enclosed by the enclosing capsule wall 221 into a sealing chamber 223 and a curing chamber 224, the sealing chamber 223 is used to store a sealant, and the curing chamber 224 is used to store a curing agent.
[0034] In this application, considering that the microcapsule structure 220 needs to rupture rapidly under high-pressure hydrogen to release the sealant and the curing agent, the material of the microcapsule structure 220 must be sufficiently brittle. Therefore, both the surrounding capsule wall 221 and the separating capsule wall 222 are made of urea-formaldehyde resin. It should be noted that the surrounding capsule wall 221 and the separating capsule wall 222 should be as thin as possible while ensuring that the sealant and the curing agent do not leak and that the microcapsule structure 220 does not rupture under normal placement, so as to facilitate the high-pressure hydrogen to break through the microcapsule structure 220. The specific thickness can be obtained by simulating the actual placement environment and simulating the gas impact at the same pressure as the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder. Considering that the sealing material needs to have the requirements of high pressure resistance, hydrogen embrittlement resistance, and wide temperature range, the sealant is hydrogenated bisphenol A type epoxy resin and the curing agent is ethylenediamine. It should also be noted that, considering the complexity of industrial batch processing, the microcapsule structure 220 described in this application is not a conventional micron-sized structure; the concept of "micro" is only used here.
[0035] The reinforcing layer 300 is connected to the outside of the self-sealing layer 200. Specifically, the reinforcing layer 300 is a carbon fiber winding layer with a thickness of 1.5mm to 3mm to ensure sufficient strength and pressure bearing capacity.
[0036] The protective layer 400 is connected to the outside of the reinforcing layer 300. Specifically, the protective layer 400 is made of glass fiber reinforced polyester resin.
[0037] In some embodiments, a buffer layer 500 is provided between the reinforcing layer 300 and the protective layer 400.
[0038] The buffer layer 500 can be TPU. By setting the buffer layer 500 between the reinforcing layer 300 and the protective layer 400, the reinforcing layer 300 can provide a certain rigid support for the self-sealing layer 200, and can also absorb external impact energy from outside the protective layer 400, reduce the stress transmitted to the self-sealing layer 200, and prevent the microcapsule structure 220 from rupturing prematurely due to external impact during daily placement and transportation.
[0039] In summary, the multi-layer leak-proof hydrogen storage cylinder provided in this application solves the technical problem of existing hydrogen storage cylinders lacking secondary sealing methods, which lead to rapid and complete hydrogen leakage once the inner liner ruptures, resulting in waste and safety hazards. This is achieved by covering the outer side of the hydrogen storage liner with a self-sealing layer, which includes an elastic matrix and microcapsule structures embedded within the elastic matrix for storing sealant and curing agent. When a partial rupture occurs in the hydrogen storage liner, the high-pressure hydrogen gas inside impacts the microcapsule structures, causing them to rupture. The sealant and curing agent then flow into the rupture opening, significantly slowing down the hydrogen leakage rate. Subsequent curing seals the rupture opening.
[0040] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of a multi-layer leak-proof hydrogen storage cylinder provided in the embodiments of this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the technical solutions and core ideas of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.
Claims
1. A multi-layered leak-proof hydrogen storage cylinder, characterized in that, Includes a hydrogen storage liner, a self-sealing layer, a reinforcing layer, and a protective layer; The self-sealing layer covers the outside of the hydrogen storage liner and includes an elastic matrix and a microcapsule structure embedded in the elastic matrix. The microcapsule structure contains a sealant and a curing agent. The reinforcing layer is connected to the outside of the self-sealing layer, and the protective layer is connected to the outside of the reinforcing layer.
2. The multi-layer hydrogen leakage-proof storage cylinder of claim 1, wherein, The microcapsule structure includes an enclosing capsule wall and a separating capsule wall. The separating capsule wall is disposed inside the enclosing capsule wall to divide the space enclosed by the enclosing capsule wall into a sealed chamber and a curing chamber. The sealed chamber is used to store a sealant, and the curing chamber is used to store a curing agent.
3. The multi-layered hydrogen storage cylinder of claim 2, wherein, Both the surrounding capsule wall and the separating capsule wall are made of urea-formaldehyde resin.
4. The multi-layer hydrogen leakage-proof storage cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The sealant is hydrogenated bisphenol A type epoxy resin.
5. The multi-layer hydrogen leakage-proof storage cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The curing agent is ethylenediamine.
6. The multi-layered hydrogen storage cylinder without leakage as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The hydrogen storage liner includes a bottle body and a bottle mouth, which are integrally formed. A sealing valve is installed at the bottle mouth.
7. The multi-layered hydrogen storage cylinder of claim 1, wherein, The hydrogen storage liner can be a metal liner or a plastic liner.
8. A multi-layer leak-proof hydrogen storage cylinder as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcing layer is a carbon fiber winding layer with a thickness of 1.5mm to 3mm.
9. The multi-layered hydrogen storage cylinder of claim 1, wherein, The protective layer is made of glass fiber reinforced polyester resin.
10. The multi-layered hydrogen storage cylinder of claim 1, wherein, A buffer layer is provided between the reinforcing layer and the protective layer.