A steam drum that facilitates vapor-liquid separation

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of waste heat recovery technology in quenching systems, specifically to a steam drum that facilitates vapor-liquid separation. It includes a horizontally placed cylinder with a vapor-liquid inlet at the bottom. A flow guide shield covering the vapor-liquid inlet is located on the inner wall of the cylinder, and the flow guide shield has a notch connecting to the interior of the cylinder. A steam outlet is located at the top of the cylinder, and a liquid outlet is located at the bottom. A guide hood covering the steam outlet is located at the top of the cylinder, arranged along the length of the cylinder and forming a guide channel with the inner wall. The two ends of the guide channel extend to the two ends near the cylinder. The steam outlet is located in the middle of the guide channel, and a condensate return pipe is located at the bottom of the guide hood. Compared with existing technologies, adding a guide hood structure inside the steam drum achieves vapor-liquid separation through the separation path of the vapor-liquid mixture, eliminating the need for existing cyclone separators, simplifying the structure, and reducing manufacturing difficulty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste heat recovery technology for quenching systems, specifically to a steam drum that facilitates vapor-liquid separation. Background Technology

[0002] The high-efficiency, energy-saving water-cooled wall direct-connected waste boiler total heat recovery gasifier, also known as a water-cooled wall direct-connected waste boiler total heat recovery gasifier, not only absorbs the sensible and latent heat of coal-water slurry combustion, but also further absorbs the heat of high-temperature syngas, achieving "total heat recovery" of the gasifier's heat and producing a large amount of high-temperature, high-pressure steam as a byproduct. The recovered high-temperature, high-pressure steam can be used for IGCC power generation or supplied to downstream production. Simultaneously, it reduces boiler load, saves a significant amount of coal, and reduces pollutant emissions from coal-fired boilers. Because the high-efficiency, energy-saving water-cooled wall direct-connected waste boiler total heat recovery gasifier achieves total heat recovery from the gasifier, steam production increases by 20%–30%, while downstream production places higher demands on steam quality (i.e., the water content in the steam).

[0003] For example, Chinese patent document CN212532889U discloses a steam drum for a water-cooled wall direct-connected waste boiler total heat recovery gasifier. Its description outlines the basic structure of a traditional steam drum: "The steam drum includes a pressure vessel cylinder, with pressure vessel heads connected to both ends. Manhole devices are connected to the pressure vessel heads. Two saddles are welded to the lower end of the pressure vessel cylinder. A temperature measuring device is also provided on the pressure vessel cylinder. Finally, the entire welded gasifier shell is placed on a movable base. The steam drum shell adapted for the water-cooled wall direct-connected waste boiler total heat recovery gasifier has a reagent inlet, a waste boiler steam-water inlet, a boiler water outlet, a high-pressure steam outlet, a high-pressure nitrogen inlet, a low-pressure nitrogen inlet, an emergency discharge port, a surface drain port, a vent port, and a steam inlet. The internal devices of the steam drum adapted for the water-cooled wall direct-connected waste boiler total heat recovery gasifier mainly..." It consists of a large-diameter cyclone separator, a bottom support hopper for the cyclone separator, baffles, a steam control device for start-up, a chemical dosing device, an emergency water discharge device, a sewage discharge device, a water level gauge protection device, an anti-vortex device, a grid device, and a steam-water distribution device. The technical points of the improved prior art are: the bottom surface of the bottom support hopper of the cyclone separator is inclined upwards; the steam drum includes a trapezoidal corrugated plate separator, a cleaning orifice plate, a perforated plate, and a top corrugated plate separator; the trapezoidal corrugated plate separator is installed on the top of the large-diameter cyclone separator to replace the straight-cylinder corrugated plate separator; the cleaning orifice plate is installed on the inner wall of the pressure vessel cylinder above the trapezoidal corrugated plate separator and below the water distribution device; the top corrugated plate separator and the perforated plate are fixed sequentially from near to far on the inner wall of the pressure vessel cylinder above the water distribution device; overflow valves are provided around the cleaning orifice plate to prevent water from flowing sideways.

[0004] Existing steam drums often have cyclone separators (hydrocyclones) inside to separate steam and water, which makes the structure relatively complex and difficult to manufacture. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a steam drum that facilitates gas-liquid separation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A steam drum for easy vapor-liquid separation is provided, comprising a horizontally placed cylinder, a vapor-liquid inlet at the lower part of the cylinder, a flow guide baffle covering the vapor-liquid inlet on the inner wall of the cylinder, the flow guide baffle having a notch communicating with the interior of the cylinder; a steam outlet at the top of the cylinder, and a liquid outlet at the bottom of the cylinder; characterized in that:

[0008] The top of the cylinder is equipped with a flow guide hood that covers the steam outlet. The flow guide hood is arranged along the length of the cylinder and together with the inner wall of the cylinder, it forms a flow guide channel. The two ends of the flow guide channel extend to the two ends near the cylinder. The steam outlet is located in the middle of the flow guide channel. The bottom of the flow guide hood is equipped with a condensate return pipe.

[0009] Specifically, the cylinder includes a straight cylindrical shell and semi-circular end caps at both ends of the shell. The drainage hood extends to the end of the shell, and the two sides of the drainage hood are fixed to the inner wall of the shell.

[0010] Specifically, a separation hood is installed inside the flow channel, which surrounds the steam outlet. The two ends and the sides of the separation hood are closed, while the bottom is open. The separation hood is equipped with a filter layer.

[0011] Specifically, the middle of the drainage hood is recessed to create an expansion space at that location of the drainage channel, and the separation hood corresponds to the expansion space; the two ends of the recessed position of the drainage hood are guide slopes so that the fluid entering the drainage channel flows laterally and then tilts downwards, and then upwards through the filter layer and is discharged from the steam outlet.

[0012] Specifically, a baffle is located below the steam outlet and above the filter layer.

[0013] Specifically, the bottom of the separation hood has multiple metal rods arranged in a row, and the filter layer is supported on the metal rods.

[0014] Specifically, the condensate return pipe is hook-shaped, with its upper end connected to the bottom of the expansion space and its lower end opening facing upwards.

[0015] Specifically, the drainage cover is made of multiple steel plates spliced ​​together, with flanges between different steel plates. Bolt assemblies are inserted through the flanges to lock the multiple steel plates together.

[0016] Specifically, the vapor-liquid inlet is located at a position offset downwards by 30° to 60° in the horizontal radial direction of the cylinder, and / or: multiple vapor-liquid inlets are arranged at intervals along the length of the cylinder at the same height, and multiple flow guides and baffles inside the cylinder correspond one-to-one with multiple vapor-liquid inlets.

[0017] Specifically, the flow guide shield is an arc shape arranged circumferentially around the cylinder, and the notch includes an upper flow port located at the upper part of the flow guide shield and a lower flow port located at the lower part of the flow guide shield.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0019] This invention provides a steam drum for easy vapor-liquid separation. In use, the vapor-liquid mixture enters the guide baffle from the vapor-liquid inlet, then enters the cylinder body, preventing direct impact on the cylinder. The mixture then flows upwards along the bottom of the guide baffle, then flows in the opposite direction after entering the guide channel. During this meandering flow, the mixture collides with the walls of the guide baffle. Most of the water flows out of the guide baffle through the condensate return pipe at the bottom, falls back to the bottom of the cylinder, and is discharged through the liquid outlet pipe. The steam, on the other hand, is discharged from the steam outlet at the top of the cylinder, thus achieving the separation of steam and liquid in the vapor-liquid mixture. Compared with existing technologies, this design eliminates the need for a conventional cyclone separator, resulting in a simpler structure and reduced manufacturing difficulty. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation on the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the following drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a steam drum that facilitates vapor-liquid separation, as shown in the embodiment.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a steam drum that facilitates vapor-liquid separation, as shown in the embodiment. The cross-section is a longitudinal section passing through the axial direction of the drum.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a steam drum that facilitates vapor-liquid separation in one embodiment. The cross-section is a longitudinal section perpendicular to the axial direction of the drum and closer to the end of the drum.

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of the circled area.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a steam drum that facilitates vapor-liquid separation, as shown in the embodiment. The cross-section is a longitudinal section perpendicular to the axis of the drum and located in the middle of the drum.

[0026] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the flow guide shield in the embodiment.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage cover in the embodiment.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a simplified diagram showing the general flow direction of the fluid inside the cylinder.

[0029] Figure label:

[0030] Cylinder 1, Shell 11, End Cap 12;

[0031] 2. Vapor-liquid inlet; 3. Steam outlet; 4. Liquid outlet;

[0032] Flow guide shield 5, upper outlet 51, lower outlet 52;

[0033] 6. Drainage hood; 61. Drainage channel; 62. Condensate return pipe; 63. Expansion space; 64. Guide slope; 65. Baffle.

[0034] Separation hood 7, filter layer 71, metal rod 72. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0036] This embodiment provides a steam drum that facilitates vapor-liquid separation, such as... Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the device includes a horizontally positioned cylinder 1 with a saddle at its bottom to facilitate horizontal installation. Multiple vapor-liquid inlets 2 are located at the lower part of the cylinder 1. Here, "lower part" specifically refers to a position below the horizontal plane passing through the axis of the cylinder 1 but above the bottommost point of the cylinder 1. Preferably, the vapor-liquid inlets 2 are located at a position offset downwards radially from the cylinder 1 by 30° to 60°, such as 45°. The multiple vapor-liquid inlets 2 are arranged at intervals along the length of the cylinder 1 at the same height.

[0037] The inner wall of the cylinder 1 is provided with multiple flow guide shields 5, each corresponding to and covering multiple vapor-liquid inlets 2. The flow guide shields 5 are arc-shaped and arranged around the circumference of the cylinder 1. Each flow guide shield 5 has a notch that connects to the interior of the cylinder 1. The notch includes an upper inlet 51 located at the top of the flow guide shield 5 and a lower inlet 52 located at the bottom of the flow guide shield 5. A steam outlet 3 is provided at the middle of the top of the cylinder 1, and multiple liquid outlets 4 are provided at the bottom of the cylinder 1.

[0038] In this embodiment, a flow guide hood 6 is provided at the top of the inner wall of the cylinder 1 to cover the steam outlet 3. The flow guide hood 6 is arranged along the length of the cylinder 1 and together with the inner wall of the cylinder 1, forms a flow channel 61. It can be seen that the two sides of the flow guide hood 6 are sealed and fixed to the inner wall of the cylinder 1, and only the two ends are connected. Thus, the two ends of the flow channel 61 extend to the two ends near the cylinder 1. In this example, the steam outlet 3 is located in the center of the flow channel 61, although it can be slightly offset to the left or right in practice. A condensate return pipe 62 is provided at the bottom of the flow guide hood 6, connecting the upper and lower spaces of the flow guide hood 6. The liquid condensed in the flow channel 61 enters the interior of the cylinder 1 through the condensate return pipe 62. The condensate return pipe 62 is hook-shaped, similar to a "J" shape or an umbrella handle. Its upper end connects to the bottom of the expansion space 63, and its lower end opens upwards to prevent the upward fluid in the cylinder 1 from directly colliding with the outlet of the condensate return pipe 62.

[0039] In this embodiment, the cylinder 1 includes a straight cylindrical shell 11 and semi-circular end caps 12 located at both ends of the shell 11. The flow hood 6 extends to the end of the shell 11 but does not exceed the end cap 12. The two sides of the flow hood 6 are fixed to the inner wall of the shell 11. The arc-shaped inner wall of the end cap 12 helps to guide the fluid into the flow channel 61.

[0040] In this embodiment, a separation hood 7 is provided inside the flow channel 61, surrounding the steam outlet 3. The separation hood 7 is closed at both ends and around its sides, but open at the bottom. Here, the separation hood 7 and the flow channel 6 share two side walls, which is equivalent to adding two plates inside the flow channel 61 and on the inner wall of the cylinder 1. In this way, the fluid that originally flowed horizontally in the flow channel 61 turns downward and then upward. The separation hood 7 is provided with a filter layer 71, which the fluid passes through when it flows upward.

[0041] Specifically, the middle part of the flow guide hood 6 is bent and recessed, thereby forming an expansion space 63 at this position of the flow guide channel 61, and the separation hood 7 is located at the position of the expansion space 63. The two ends of the recessed position of the flow guide hood 6 are guide slopes 64 to guide the fluid entering the flow guide channel 61 to flow laterally and then tilt downwards, and then upwards through the filter layer 71 and discharged from the steam outlet 3.

[0042] Furthermore, a baffle 65 is provided below the steam outlet 3, and the baffle 65 is located above the filter layer 71.

[0043] Specifically, the bottom of the separation hood 7 is provided with multiple metal rods 72 arranged in a row. The two ends of the metal rods 72 pass through the two side plates of the flow guide hood 6. The filter layer 71 is supported on the metal rods 72. The metal rods 72 support the filter layer 71 on the one hand, and contact the fluid on the other hand to enhance condensation.

[0044] In this embodiment, the diversion hood 6 is composed of multiple steel plates spliced ​​together, with flanges between the different steel plates. Multiple sets of bolt assemblies are inserted along the length of the flanges to lock the multiple steel plates together. The structure is simple and easy to manufacture. While achieving the purpose of steam-water separation, compared to a cyclone separator, its structure is simpler in shape and is a detachable small component structure, facilitating installation through the equipment manhole. Furthermore, it eliminates the left-hand or right-hand rotation inlet issue of a cyclone separator, simplifying factory manufacturing and internal component installation, thus improving equipment manufacturing quality.

[0045] When using, combine Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the steam-water mixture enters the guide baffle 5 from the steam-liquid inlet 2. A small portion of the water flows from the lower outlet 52 of the guide baffle 5 to the bottom of the cylinder 1, while most of the steam and steam-water mixture enter the cylinder 1 from the upper outlet 51. The guide baffle 5 prevents the steam-water mixture from directly impacting the cylinder 1 and damaging its internal structure. The steam-water mixture then flows upwards along the bottom surface of the guide hood 6, flowing in both directions. After entering the guide channel 61, it flows in the opposite direction. Guided by the separation hood 7, the steam-water mixture flows downwards and then upwards, passing through the filter layer 71 and impacting and bypassing the baffle 65. Finally, the unliquefied steam is discharged from the steam outlet 3. As the steam-water mixture flows along this winding path, it collides with the walls of the guide hood 6 and the separation hood 7, and is separated by the filter layer 71 and collided with the baffle 65. Most of the water flows out of the guide hood 6 from the condensate return pipe 62 at the bottom of the guide hood 6 and falls back to the bottom of the cylinder 1 and is discharged from the liquid output pipe 4, while a small amount of steam is discharged from the steam output port 3 at the top of the cylinder 1, thus achieving the separation of steam and liquid in the steam-water mixture.

[0046] In the description of this utility model, it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0047] Therefore, the above detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "middle," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0049] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. They can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. They can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A steam drum for easy vapor-liquid separation, comprising a horizontally placed cylinder, a vapor-liquid inlet at the lower part of the cylinder, a flow guide baffle covering the vapor-liquid inlet on the inner wall of the cylinder, the flow guide baffle having a notch communicating with the interior of the cylinder; a steam outlet at the top of the cylinder, and a liquid outlet at the bottom of the cylinder; characterized in that: The top of the cylinder is equipped with a flow guide hood that covers the steam outlet. The flow guide hood is arranged along the length of the cylinder and together with the inner wall of the cylinder, it forms a flow guide channel. The two ends of the flow guide channel extend to the two ends near the cylinder. The steam outlet is located in the middle of the flow guide channel. The bottom of the flow guide hood is equipped with a condensate return pipe.

2. A drum for facilitating vapor-liquid separation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The cylinder includes a straight cylindrical shell and semi-circular end caps at both ends of the shell. The drainage hood extends to the end of the shell, and the two sides of the drainage hood are fixed to the inner wall of the shell.

3. A drum for facilitating vapor-liquid separation as defined in claim 1, wherein: A separation hood is installed inside the flow channel, which surrounds the steam outlet. The two ends and the sides of the separation hood are closed, while the bottom is open. The separation hood is equipped with a filter layer.

4. A drum according to claim 3, wherein: The middle part of the flow hood is recessed, thus forming an expansion space at this position of the flow channel. The separation hood corresponds to the expansion space. The two ends of the recessed position of the flow hood are guide slopes, so that the fluid entering the flow channel flows laterally and then tilts downwards, and then upwards through the filter layer and is discharged from the steam outlet.

5. A drum according to claim 3, wherein: A baffle is located below the steam outlet and above the filter layer.

6. A drum according to claim 3, wherein: The bottom of the separation hood has multiple metal rods arranged in a row, and the filter layer is supported on the metal rods.

7. A drum according to claim 3, wherein: The condensate return pipe is hook-shaped, with its upper end connected to the bottom of the expansion space and its lower end opening facing upwards.

8. A drum according to claim 3, wherein: The drainage cover is made of multiple steel plates spliced ​​together. There are flanges between the different steel plates, and bolt assemblies are inserted through the flanges to lock the multiple steel plates together.

9. A drum for facilitating vapor-liquid separation as defined in claim 1, wherein: The vapor-liquid inlet is located at a position offset downwards by 30° to 60° in the horizontal radial direction of the cylinder, and / or: multiple vapor-liquid inlets are arranged at intervals along the length of the cylinder at the same height, and multiple flow guides and baffles inside the cylinder correspond one-to-one with multiple vapor-liquid inlets.

10. A drum for facilitating vapor-liquid separation according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that: The flow guide baffle is an arc shape arranged circumferentially around the cylinder, and the notch includes an upper flow port located at the upper part of the flow guide baffle and a lower flow port located at the lower part of the flow guide baffle.

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