A boiler combustion enhancement device

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of boiler combustion technology, and a boiler enhanced combustion device, including a boiler, a double-helix feeding mechanism, and a burner. The side of the boiler is fixedly connected to the double-helix feeding mechanism, and a jaw crusher is fixedly installed at the upper end of the double-helix feeding mechanism. The double-helix feeding mechanism includes a conveying screw, a pressurizing pump, and crushing blades. The crushing blades are arranged on the side of the conveying screw and have a serrated structure. During the secondary crushing and compression process by the smaller blades, the fineness is dynamically adjusted during transportation. The double-helix feeding mechanism has two sets of screw rods, and the screw rods of the double-helix feeding mechanism are connected to the lower open pipe of the jaw crusher. An air gun is installed on the inner wall of the boiler, and the air gun is at a 30-degree angle to the boiler. This utility model achieves the effect of complete combustion by refining coal and compressing it into smaller spiral blocks, which are then ignited after being atomized by the burner. The airflow set by the air gun can form a stable spiral upward cyclone.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of boiler combustion technology, specifically to a boiler enhanced combustion device that improves the completeness of fuel combustion and reduces energy consumption and pollutants by optimizing the ventilation mechanism and fuel mixing efficiency. Background Technology

[0002] In the industrial and civil sectors, boilers, as energy conversion equipment, directly affect energy utilization and pollutant emission levels through their combustion efficiency. Currently, coal-fired boilers are still widely used, but traditional combustion devices generally suffer from insufficient coal particle fineness and incomplete combustion. When using common ignition devices, pulverized coal is not completely ignited, causing competition for air during combustion, resulting in excessive carbon monoxide emissions, which does not meet environmental protection requirements.

[0003] Current boiler technology has the following drawbacks:

[0004] Traditional boiler combustion devices suffer from problems such as uneven fuel-air mixing and slow combustion speed, resulting in low thermal efficiency. Incomplete combustion easily produces pollutants such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides. Furthermore, the burner structures used are limited and have not been well adapted to the combustion characteristics of other fuels besides coal, such as biomass pellets.

[0005] 2. The fuel nozzle has limited atomization effect. Dust accumulation after combustion in the boiler can also lead to incomplete combustion. Due to the relatively closed ventilation system in the boiler, it is impossible to enhance the mixing and combustion of fuel with secondary ventilation, and a stable air field cannot be formed to promote the full combustion of fuel. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the shortcomings of uneven fuel-air mixing and slow combustion speed, this invention provides a boiler enhanced combustion device that improves combustion by crushing the fuel, thus solving the problem of incomplete fuel combustion leading to exhaust gas and ash accumulation inside the boiler.

[0007] This utility model provides the following technical solution.

[0008] A boiler combustion enhancement device includes a boiler, a double-helix feeding mechanism, and a burner. The side of the boiler is fixedly connected to the double-helix feeding mechanism. A jaw crusher is fixedly installed at the upper end of the double-helix feeding mechanism. The double-helix feeding mechanism includes a conveying screw, a pressurized pump, and a crushing blade. The crushing blade is arranged on the side of the conveying screw and has a serrated structure. The double-helix feeding mechanism has two sets of screw rods, and the screw rods of the double-helix feeding mechanism are connected to the lower open pipe of the jaw crusher.

[0009] Preferably, a fuel injector is fixedly installed inside the burner. The fuel injector includes an oil preheater, an igniter, and an air atomizer. The side of the oil preheater is fixedly connected to the igniter. A fuel gun is provided at one end of the oil preheater. The ignition wire of the igniter is inserted into the interior of the fuel gun. An air chamber is provided at one end of the fuel gun. An air atomizer is fixedly installed on the upper part of the oil preheater. The output end of the air atomizer is fixedly connected to the interior of the fuel gun.

[0010] Preferably, a material box is provided at one end of the conveying screw, and the pressurizing pump is used to pressurize the fuel gas flow in the material box into the interior of the fuel injector.

[0011] Preferably, the inner wall of the boiler is provided with an air gun, the top of the fuel injector is provided with a compressed air machine, the air gun is connected to the compressed air machine through a pipe, and the air gun and the horizontal line of the boiler installation position form a 30-degree angle, and the burner is arranged in a ring array of four.

[0012] Preferably, the boiler is provided with a vortex air duct inside, which is arranged in a ring array on the inner wall of the boiler. An air pipe is fixedly installed on the top of the vortex air duct, and one side of the air pipe is connected to the boiler bag filter dust collector.

[0013] Preferably, a control cabinet is fixed to the side of the boiler, and a display is fixed to the front of the control cabinet. The control cabinet is electrically connected to electrical control components such as a double-helix feed mechanism, a fuel injector, and a compressed air compressor.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. In this utility model, the coal particle size is precisely controlled by multi-stage fine crushing, dynamic atomization matching and swirl-enhanced mixing technology. The crushed fuel is mixed with primary air at the air atomizer and then injected into the boiler in the form of an atomized flow after being ignited by the oil gun for full combustion. This achieves the goal of increasing the fuel combustion surface area and promoting the full combustion of fuel by mixing compressed air.

[0016] 2. In this utility model, by adding gas to the boiler a second time, the airflow is set to rise in a vortex manner on the basis of enhanced ventilation. This can not only remove the deposited ash, but also extend the average residence time of fuel particles, resulting in a more uniform distribution of oxygen concentration. The exhaust gas and dust are concentrated and treated with the airflow, so as to achieve a dual improvement in combustion efficiency and pollutant control. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the conveying spiral structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic plan view of the internal structure of the fuel injector of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a top-view plan view of the boiler interior of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air gun of this utility model.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Boiler; 2. Double helix feeding mechanism; 201. Conveying helix; 202. Press pump; 203. Crushing blade; 3. Jaw crusher; 4. Burner; 5. Feed hopper; 6. Fuel injector; 601. Oil preheater; 602. Ignition device; 603. Air atomizer; 7. Oil gun; 8. Air chamber; 9. Air gun; 10. Boiler bag filter; 11. Control cabinet; 12. Display panel; 13. Air pipe; 14. Compressed air compressor; 15. Vortex duct. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5A boiler enhanced combustion device includes a boiler 1, a double-helix feeding mechanism 2, and a burner 4. The side of the boiler 1 is fixedly connected to the double-helix feeding mechanism 2. A jaw crusher 3 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the double-helix feeding mechanism 2. It is only equipped with a primary crusher, which cannot achieve fine crushing. Moreover, the equipment is large in size and has high maintenance costs. The double-helix feeding mechanism 2 includes a conveying screw 201, a pressurizing pump 202, and a crushing blade 203. The crushing blade 203 is located on the side of the conveying screw 201 and has a serrated structure. During the secondary crushing and compression process by the smaller blades, the degree of fineness is dynamically adjusted. The double-helix feeding mechanism 2 has two sets of screw rods, and the screw rods of the double-helix feeding mechanism 2 are connected to the lower open pipe of the jaw crusher 3. By crushing the coal into smaller spiral blocks, the particles are atomized by the burner 4 and ignited, achieving the effect of complete combustion. A fuel injector 6 is fixedly installed inside the burner 4. The fuel injector 6 includes an oil preheater 601, an igniter 602, and an air atomizer 603. The side of the oil preheater 601 is fixedly connected to the igniter 602, preheating the fuel so that it can be quickly ignited under the electric ignition of the igniter 602. An oil gun 7 is provided at one end of the oil preheater 601. The ignition wire of the igniter 602 is inserted into the oil gun 7, igniting the pulverized coal with a small amount of fuel and then injecting it into the boiler 1, which greatly improves the complete combustion of the fuel and reduces the harmful gases caused by incomplete combustion. An air chamber 8 is provided at one end of the oil gun 7. The air chamber 8 can pressurize pulverized coal along with the gas into the combustion chamber of the fuel injector 6. An air atomizer 603 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the oil preheater 601. The air atomizer 603 is equipped with a high-pressure air atomizing nozzle at the end of the feed inlet. Compressed air mixes fuel particles with primary air to form an atomized flow. The air atomizer can quickly adapt to changes in operating conditions by adjusting the flow ratio of air and fuel to maintain stable combustion. The output end of the air atomizer 603 is fixedly connected to the inside of the oil gun 7. Only when the atomization effect and the supply and distribution of combustion air are matched can efficient and stable combustion be achieved.

[0025] A material box 5 is provided at one end of the conveying screw 201. The pressurizing pump 202 is used to pressurize the fuel gas flow in the material box 5 into the fuel injector 6. By setting the pipe in the material box 5, the effect of conveying pulverized coal from the fuel injector 6 for ignition and injection is achieved.

[0026] A control cabinet 11 is fixed to the side of the boiler 1, and a display 12 is fixed to the front of the control cabinet 11. The control cabinet 11 is electrically connected to electrical control components such as the double helix feed mechanism 2, the fuel injector 6, and the air compressor 14. After receiving signals from the sensor and transmitting electrical signals, the control cabinet 11 controls the electric components, realizing the integration of power electronics technology and the effect of automated production where various parameters can be viewed.

[0027] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The boiler 1 has an air gun 9 installed on its inner wall and a compressed air compressor 14 installed on top of the fuel injector 6. The air gun 9 and the compressed air compressor 14 are connected by a pipe, and the air gun 9 and the horizontal line of the boiler 1 installation position form a 30-degree angle. Four burners 4 are arranged in a ring array. Within this angle range, the airflow can form a stable spiral upward cyclone, generating a vortex zone with a diameter of about one-third of the furnace width in the central area of ​​the furnace. This extends the average residence time of fuel particles and improves the uniformity of oxygen concentration distribution by more than 40%, achieving the effect of complete combustion after the fuel and secondary gas are mixed. The boiler 1 has a vortex duct 15 installed inside, which is arranged in a ring array on the inner wall of the boiler 1. A gas pipe 13 is fixedly installed on the top of the vortex duct 15, and one side of the gas pipe 13 is connected to the boiler bag filter 10. By setting the vortex duct 15, the excess gas discharged is filtered by the boiler bag filter 10, achieving the effect of waste gas treatment and centralized ash recovery.

[0028] Working principle:

[0029] During the startup of boiler 1, after primary crushing by jaw crusher 3, secondary crushing by double spiral feeding mechanism 2 is performed and squeezed into smaller agglomerates, which are then conveyed to fuel injector 6. The air atomizer 603 dynamically atomizes and matches the mixture with swirl enhancement to fully ignite the mixture and then spray it into boiler 1 for combustion, thereby improving combustion efficiency.

[0030] As the fuel in boiler 1 burns, ash begins to accumulate on the outer surface or in the loose pores, which hinders the air from making better contact with the ignited fuel particles. The air guns 9 are arranged in a ring array with an inclined angle. Within the angle range, the airflow can form a stable spiral upward cyclone. Due to the light dust and the action of hot air, the airflow can carry away the dust and exhaust gas when it is discharged, which can be filtered by the boiler bag dust collector 10.

[0031] As the airflow field rises with the vortex duct 15, it affects the average residence time of fuel particles in boiler 1, improves the uniformity of oxygen concentration distribution, and further enhances combustion efficiency through longitudinal mixing of fuel and oxygen.

Claims

1. A boiler enhanced combustion device, comprising a boiler (1), a double-helix feeding mechanism (2), and a burner (4), characterized in that: The side of the boiler (1) is fixedly connected to the double helix feeding mechanism (2). A jaw crusher (3) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the double helix feeding mechanism (2). The double helix feeding mechanism (2) includes a conveying screw (201), a press pump (202), and a crushing blade (203). The crushing blade (203) is set on the side of the conveying screw (201) with a sawtooth structure. The double helix feeding mechanism (2) has two sets of screw rods, and the screw rods of the double helix feeding mechanism (2) are connected to the lower open pipe of the jaw crusher (3).

2. The boiler enhanced combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fuel injector (6) is fixedly installed inside the burner (4). The fuel injector (6) includes an oil preheater (601), an igniter (602), and an air atomizer (603). The side of the oil preheater (601) is fixedly connected to the igniter (602). An oil gun (7) is provided at one end of the oil preheater (601). The ignition wire of the igniter (602) is inserted into the inside of the oil gun (7). An air chamber (8) is provided at one end of the oil gun (7). An air atomizer (603) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the oil preheater (601). The output end of the air atomizer (603) is fixedly connected to the inside of the oil gun (7).

3. The boiler enhanced combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the conveying screw (201) is provided with a material box (5), and the press pump (202) is used to press the fuel gas flow in the material box (5) into the interior of the fuel injector (6).

4. A boiler enhanced combustion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the boiler (1) is provided with an air gun (9), the top of the fuel injector (6) is provided with a compressed air machine (14), the air gun (9) is connected to the compressed air machine (14) through a pipe, and the air gun (9) and the horizontal line of the installation position of the boiler (1) form a 30-degree angle. The burners (4) are arranged in a ring array of four.

5. A boiler enhanced combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boiler (1) is provided with a vortex air duct (15) inside. The vortex air duct (15) is arranged in a ring array on the inner wall of the boiler (1). A gas pipe (13) is fixedly installed on the top of the vortex air duct (15). One side of the gas pipe (13) is connected to the boiler bag dust collector (10).

6. A boiler enhanced combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A control cabinet (11) is fixed on the side of the boiler (1), and a display (12) is fixed on the front side of the control cabinet (11). The control cabinet (11) is electrically connected to electrical control components such as the double helix feeding mechanism (2), fuel injector (6), and compressed air machine (14).

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