A gasification fly ash treatment system

Abstract

This invention provides a gasified fly ash treatment system, including a gasified fly ash storage bin for storing gasified fly ash produced by a gasifier; a boiler connected to the storage bin for receiving and burning the gasified fly ash to generate high-temperature flue gas; and a pneumatic conveying system connected to both the storage bin and the boiler for conveying the gasified fly ash from the storage bin to the boiler. This invention utilizes pneumatic conveying technology to transport the gasified fly ash to the boiler, mitigating pipe wear during transport. The boiler's combustion treatment of the gasified fly ash ensures its full utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gasification fly ash treatment technology, and in particular to a gasification fly ash treatment system. Background Technology

[0002] Gasification fly ash is a difficult-to-burn solid waste generated during the gasification process. It has low carbon content, small particle size, and unstable calorific value, making it difficult to treat effectively with traditional combustion technologies. It is usually disposed of by landfill. However, ordinary landfill not only occupies a large amount of land resources but may also cause environmental pollution. Furthermore, it fails to fully utilize the residual energy and mineral components in the gasification fly ash, resulting in resource waste. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a gasification fly ash treatment system that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems.

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model discloses a gasification fly ash treatment system, comprising: A gasified fly ash storage bin is used to store gasified fly ash, which is generated by a gasifier. A boiler is used to receive the gasified fly ash and to combust the gasified fly ash to generate high-temperature flue gas. A pneumatic ash conveying system is connected to both the gasified fly ash storage bin and the boiler; it is used to transfer the gasified fly ash output from the gasified fly ash storage bin to the boiler.

[0005] Optionally, the pneumatic ash conveying system includes: A silo pump is used to receive the gasified fly ash output from the gasified fly ash storage silo; A metering feeder is used to control the output amount of the gasified fly ash from the silo pump; Ash conveying pipeline, used for pneumatic transport of the gasified fly ash; An air storage tank is used to provide a gas source for the ash conveying pipeline.

[0006] Optionally, the boiler includes: A return feeder is used to receive the gasified fly ash output from the ash conveying system; The furnace is used to receive the gasified fly ash output from the return feeder, and to perform combustion treatment on the gasified fly ash to generate the high-temperature flue gas; A cyclone separator is used to receive the high-temperature flue gas generated in the furnace and to separate the high-temperature flue gas to generate high-temperature gas and solid particles.

[0007] Optionally, the return feeder is also used to receive the solid particles generated by the cyclone separator; The furnace chamber is also used to receive the solid particles output by the return feeder, and to burn the solid particles to generate the high-temperature flue gas.

[0008] Optionally, the gasified fly ash storage bin includes: The feed inlet is used to receive the gasified fly ash; The discharge port is connected to the pneumatic ash conveying system via a pipeline for outputting the gasified fly ash, so that the gasified fly ash is conveyed to the pneumatic ash conveying system.

[0009] Optionally, the silo pump includes an inlet and an outlet; the inlet of the silo pump is connected to the gasified fly ash storage silo via a pipeline for receiving the gasified fly ash output from the gasified fly ash storage silo; the outlet of the silo pump is connected to the metering feeder via a pipeline for outputting the gasified fly ash so that the gasified fly ash is conveyed to the metering feeder. The metering feeder includes an inlet and an outlet; the inlet of the metering feeder is connected to the outlet of the silo pump through a pipeline to receive the gasified fly ash output by the silo pump; the outlet of the metering feeder is connected to the ash conveying pipeline to output the gasified fly ash so that the gasified fly ash is conveyed to the ash conveying pipeline. The gas storage tank includes a gas outlet; the gas outlet of the gas storage tank is connected to the ash conveying pipeline and is used to provide a gas source for the ash conveying pipeline.

[0010] Optionally, the return feeder includes a first inlet, a second inlet, and an outlet; the first inlet of the return feeder is connected to the ash conveying system via a pipeline for receiving the gasified fly ash output by the ash conveying system; the second inlet of the return feeder is connected to the cyclone separator for receiving the solid particles output by the cyclone separator; the outlet of the return feeder is connected to the furnace for outputting the gasified fly ash and the solid particles, so that the gasified fly ash and the solid particles are transferred to the furnace. The furnace includes a feed inlet and a gas outlet; the feed inlet of the furnace is connected to the discharge outlet of the return feeder through a pipe for receiving the gasified fly ash output by the return feeder; the gas outlet of the furnace is connected to the cyclone separator through a pipe for outputting the high-temperature flue gas so that the high-temperature flue gas is transmitted to the cyclone separator. The cyclone separator includes an air inlet, an air outlet, and a discharge outlet; the air inlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the air outlet of the boiler via a pipe for receiving the high-temperature flue gas generated in the furnace; the air outlet of the cyclone separator is used to output the high-temperature gas; the discharge outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the second inlet of the return feeder via a pipe for outputting the solid particles so that the solid particles are transferred to the return feeder.

[0011] Optionally, the material of the ash conveying pipe is manganese steel as the base material and lined with ceramic; the convex side wall of the curved part of the ash conveying pipe is fitted with wear-resistant castable.

[0012] Optionally, one of the pneumatic ash conveying systems includes multiple silo pumps, multiple metering feeders, and multiple ash conveying pipelines; at least one of the multiple silo pumps is a standby silo pump.

[0013] Optionally, the furnace includes a water-cooled screen, which adopts a bare tube bundle structure; the number of water-cooled screens is determined according to the fuel used by the boiler. And / or, The furnace includes a water-cooled wall, which is a membrane wall structure, and the water-cooled wall is covered with a wear-resistant castable. The area and thickness of the wear-resistant castable covering the water-cooled wall are determined according to the fuel used in the boiler.

[0014] The embodiments of this utility model have the following advantages: This invention provides a gasified fly ash treatment system, including a gasified fly ash storage bin for storing gasified fly ash produced by a gasifier; a boiler connected to the storage bin for receiving and burning the gasified fly ash to generate high-temperature flue gas; and a pneumatic conveying system connected to both the storage bin and the boiler for conveying the gasified fly ash from the storage bin to the boiler. This invention utilizes pneumatic conveying technology to transport the gasified fly ash to the boiler, mitigating pipe wear during transport. The boiler's combustion treatment of the gasified fly ash ensures its full utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a gasification fly ash treatment system provided in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of another gasification fly ash treatment system provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0016] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 10-Gasification fly ash storage bin, 20-Boiler, 30-Pneumatic ash conveying system, 201-Return feeder, 202-Furnace chamber, 203-Cyclone separator, 301-Binary pump, 302-Metering feeder, 303-Ash conveying pipeline, 304-Gas storage tank. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] Gasification fly ash is a difficult-to-burn solid waste generated during the gasification process. It has low carbon content, high ash content, and unstable calorific value, making it difficult to treat effectively with traditional combustion technologies. It is usually disposed of by landfill. However, ordinary landfill not only occupies a large amount of land resources but may also cause environmental pollution. Furthermore, it fails to fully utilize the residual energy and mineral components in the gasification fly ash, resulting in resource waste.

[0019] Existing combustion equipment, such as boilers, has significant technical deficiencies in handling gasified fly ash. Conventional coal-water slurry boiler systems are primarily designed for standard pulverized coal fuel, and their combustion chamber structure, air distribution system, and temperature field distribution are inadequate for the unique combustion characteristics of gasified fly ash, severely restricting the resource utilization efficiency of gasified fly ash.

[0020] Therefore, developing a dedicated treatment system that can adapt to the special physical properties of gasified fly ash and achieve stable and efficient combustion is of great significance for breaking through the technical bottleneck of gasified fly ash resource utilization and improving overall energy utilization efficiency.

[0021] One of the core concepts of this utility model embodiment lies in a gasified fly ash treatment system, comprising a gasified fly ash storage bin for storing gasified fly ash generated by a gasifier; a boiler connected to the gasified fly ash storage bin for receiving and burning the gasified fly ash to generate high-temperature flue gas; and a pneumatic ash conveying system connected to both the gasified fly ash storage bin and the boiler for conveying the gasified fly ash from the storage bin to the boiler. This utility model embodiment utilizes pneumatic conveying technology to transport gasified fly ash to the boiler, alleviating the problem of pipe wear during transmission. By burning the gasified fly ash in the boiler, it achieves full utilization of the gasified fly ash.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural block diagram of a gasification fly ash treatment system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, which may specifically include: Gasification fly ash storage bin 10 is used to store gasification fly ash, which is generated by a gasifier. In this embodiment of the invention, the gasification fly ash storage bin 10 can temporarily store the gasification fly ash generated by the gasifier.

[0023] In this embodiment of the utility model, compared with the conventional gasifier-boiler system, a new gasification fly ash storage silo is built for temporary storage of gasification fly ash. The gasification fly ash storage silo can be equipped with an inert gas protection system to prevent spontaneous combustion of fly ash and is equipped with a stirring device to maintain material flowability.

[0024] The gasification fly ash storage silo 10, through homogenization storage treatment, effectively improves the physical properties of the fly ash, providing a stable and uniform raw material supply for subsequent combustion processes. This design solves the material buffering problem between the gasifier and the boiler system, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the entire processing flow.

[0025] Boiler 20 is used to receive the gasified fly ash and to combust the gasified fly ash to generate high-temperature flue gas. In this embodiment of the invention, the boiler 20 can receive gasified fly ash output from the pre-processing system, and then perform combustion treatment on the gasified fly ash to generate high-temperature flue gas.

[0026] In this embodiment of the utility model, the boiler 20 can be a coal-water slurry boiler. Due to the difficult-to-burn characteristics of gasified fly ash, the boiler has been modified to increase the internal temperature and fully combust the gasified fly ash.

[0027] A coal-water slurry boiler is a specialized boiler that uses coal-water slurry as fuel. Coal-water slurry is a slurry-like fuel composed of approximately 60%–70% pulverized coal, 30%–40% water, and a small amount of additives, exhibiting flow characteristics similar to heavy oil. This type of boiler combines the technical features of traditional coal-fired boilers and oil-fired boilers, representing an important application of clean coal technology.

[0028] The working principle of a coal-water slurry boiler is as follows: A high-pressure pump delivers the prepared coal-water slurry to a specially designed burner, where it is atomized and injected for combustion within the boiler furnace. The high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion passes sequentially through radiant and convective heating surfaces, transferring heat to the boiler water system to produce steam or hot water. The boiler employs a special furnace structure and combustion system design to ensure complete combustion of the coal-water slurry while controlling pollutant emissions. Its main advantages include: convenient fuel storage and transportation, enabling pipeline delivery and automated control; high combustion efficiency; low pollutant emissions, with optimized combustion reducing the formation of nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides; and a wide range of adaptable coal types, including low-rank coal. However, it also has drawbacks such as high requirements for coal quality, a complex combustion system, and a large initial investment.

[0029] Boiler 20 achieves stable and efficient combustion of gasified fly ash, improving the resource utilization rate of gasified fly ash.

[0030] The pneumatic ash conveying system 30 is connected to both the gasified fly ash storage bin and the boiler; it is used to transfer the gasified fly ash output from the gasified fly ash storage bin to the boiler.

[0031] In an embodiment of the present utility model, the pneumatic ash conveying system 30 can be connected to the gasified fly ash storage bin and the boiler through pipelines respectively, so that the gasified fly ash output from the gasified fly ash storage bin can be transported to the boiler by pneumatic conveying technology.

[0032] Pneumatic conveying technology is an advanced technical device for conveying powdery and granular materials in a closed pipeline by using the energy of air flow. Its core principle is to form a pressure difference or velocity difference through air or other gas media, so that the bulk materials flow in a suspended or dense phase state in the pipeline. According to the working principle, it can be divided into two major types: dilute-phase conveying and dense-phase conveying. Dilute-phase conveying relies on high-speed air flow to fully suspend the materials, and has the characteristics of long conveying distance and uniform mixing; dense-phase conveying adopts a low-speed and high-concentration mode, which is suitable for fragile materials and short-distance conveying.

[0033] Pneumatic conveying technology shows significant advantages in the process of powder material handling: First, it realizes fully enclosed conveying, effectively avoiding material leakage and environmental pollution, and is especially suitable for the handling of toxic, harmful or easily dust-generating materials; Second, the system layout is flexible, and the pipelines can be arranged horizontally, vertically or at any angle according to the plant space, greatly saving the floor area of the equipment; Third, it has a high degree of automation and can be linked with other production equipment for control, improving the overall production efficiency; In addition, the system is easy to maintain, has a low operating cost, and can adapt to special working conditions such as high temperature and explosion-proof requirements.

[0034] In practical applications, the design of pneumatic conveying technology needs to comprehensively consider multiple factors such as material characteristics, conveying distance, and throughput. For materials with different properties, key parameters such as air flow velocity and solid-gas ratio need to be adjusted针对性: Dilute-phase conveying with a lower wind speed is suitable for light and easily flowing materials; while materials with high viscosity and easy caking may require dense-phase conveying or special flow-aiding devices.

[0035] The embodiment of the present utility model provides a gasified fly ash treatment system, including a gasified fly ash storage bin for storing the gasified fly ash generated by a gasifier; a boiler connected to the gasified fly ash storage bin for receiving and burning the gasified fly ash to generate high-temperature flue gas; and a pneumatic ash conveying system connected to the gasified fly ash storage bin and the boiler respectively for transporting the gasified fly ash from the gasified fly ash storage bin to the boiler. The embodiment of the present utility model transports the gasified fly ash to the boiler by pneumatic conveying technology, alleviating the problem of pipeline wear caused by the gasified fly ash during the transmission process, and realizing the full utilization of the gasified fly ash through the combustion treatment of the gasified fly ash by the boiler.

[0036] Refer to Figure 2 , which shows the structural block diagram of another gasified fly ash treatment system provided by the embodiment of the present utility model, and specifically may include: A gasified fly ash storage bin 10 for storing gasified fly ash, and the gasified fly ash is generated by a gasifier; In this embodiment of the invention, the gasified fly ash storage bin 10 can temporarily store the gasified fly ash generated by the gasifier. Compared with a conventional gasifier-boiler system, the newly built gasified fly ash storage bin is used for temporary storage of gasified fly ash. The gasified fly ash storage bin can be equipped with an inert gas protection system to prevent spontaneous combustion of fly ash and is equipped with a stirring device to maintain the flowability of materials.

[0037] In some examples, the gasified fly ash storage bin 10 includes: The feed inlet is used to receive gasified fly ash. In this embodiment of the utility model, the feed inlet can be set at the top or side of the gasification fly ash storage bin 10, and can be connected to the upstream gasifier ash discharge system through a pipeline to receive and introduce the gasification fly ash generated by the gasifier; the feed inlet can also be designed with a pneumatic gate valve or a rotary feeder and other locking devices to maintain a sealed environment inside the bin while ensuring continuous feeding.

[0038] The discharge port is connected to the pneumatic ash conveying system via a pipeline to output gasified fly ash so that the gasified fly ash can be transported to the pneumatic ash conveying system.

[0039] In this embodiment of the utility model, the discharge port can be set at the conical bottom of the gasification storage chamber and rigidly connected to the pneumatic ash conveying system 30 through a wear-resistant metal pipe.

[0040] In some examples, the discharge port of the gasified fly ash storage silo can be equipped with a controllable discharge device such as a rotary valve or screw feeder, which can precisely adjust the fly ash output according to the boiler combustion requirements. The discharge port can also adopt a tapered streamlined design with an internal ceramic wear-resistant layer to effectively prevent fly ash accumulation and blockage at the beginning of the conveying process.

[0041] In some examples, the gasified fly ash storage bin 10 may also include a dust removal system, which can be installed on the top or side of the gasified fly ash storage bin for efficient collection and purification of the dust flying inside the bin. The dust removal system can adopt different technologies such as bag filter, cyclone dust collector, or electrostatic dust collector, and is designed specifically according to the characteristics of the gasified fly ash, such as particle size distribution and dust concentration.

[0042] For example, when dealing with fly ash that is fine in size and easily dispersed, a high-efficiency bag filter can be selected, with a filtration accuracy down to the micron level, effectively controlling dust emissions. For fly ash with a high proportion of large particles, a cyclone dust collector, which is simple in structure and easy to maintain, is preferred. This dust removal system forms a closed loop with the storage silo, automatically starting and stopping during fly ash feeding and discharging, ensuring a clean operating environment and reducing material loss.

[0043] The gasification fly ash storage silo 10, through homogenization storage treatment, effectively improves the physical properties of the fly ash, providing a stable and uniform raw material supply for subsequent combustion processes. This design solves the material buffering problem between the gasifier and the boiler system, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the entire processing flow.

[0044] Boiler 20 is used to receive the gasified fly ash and to combust the gasified fly ash to generate high-temperature flue gas. In this embodiment of the invention, the boiler 20 can receive gasified fly ash output from the pre-processing system, and then perform combustion treatment on the gasified fly ash to generate high-temperature flue gas.

[0045] In this embodiment of the utility model, the boiler 20 can be a coal-water slurry boiler. Due to the difficult-to-burn characteristics of gasified fly ash, the boiler has been modified to increase the internal temperature and fully combust the gasified fly ash.

[0046] In some examples, boiler 20 may include: Return feeder 201 is used to receive the gasified fly ash output from the ash conveying system; In this embodiment of the utility model, the return feeder 201 can be used to receive and temporarily store gasified fly ash from the pneumatic ash conveying system, and to uniformly convey the fly ash to the furnace in a controllable manner.

[0047] In some examples, the fly ash return feeder can be made of high-temperature resistant alloy steel and features a specially designed baffle and multi-stage buffer structure to effectively eliminate the kinetic energy impact generated during fly ash conveying and ensure a smooth material transition. The return feeder can be equipped with intelligent regulating valves and material flow sensors, enabling it to adjust the fly ash supply rate in real time according to the furnace combustion conditions, maintaining the dynamic balance of the combustion system.

[0048] In some examples, the return feeder can employ an airtight design to prevent external air from seeping in and affecting combustion efficiency, while also avoiding fly ash leakage and environmental pollution. Furthermore, the return feeder is equipped with an emergency discharge port at the bottom, allowing for quick emptying of stored material during system maintenance, thus improving equipment maintenance convenience.

[0049] In some examples, the return feeder can adopt a dual-return leg structure design, with the first and second return legs symmetrically arranged on both sides of the feeder. An independently controlled return air system regulates the conveying volume of gasified fly ash from each leg. This design ensures that the gasified fly ash is simultaneously and evenly conveyed into the furnace from both sides, effectively avoiding localized accumulation or flow deviation caused by single-point feeding, and improving the stability of combustion in the furnace and the fly ash burnout rate. Each return leg can also be equipped with an independent pressure monitoring device and airflow regulating valve, which can adjust the return volume balance on both sides in real time according to the furnace combustion conditions, ensuring a uniform distribution of fly ash across the furnace cross-section.

[0050] By setting up a return feeder, the technical problems of pulsed feeding and unstable flow in traditional fly ash conveying are solved, providing a continuous and stable fuel supply for the subsequent combustion process.

[0051] Furnace 202 is used to receive the gasified fly ash output from the return feeder, and to perform combustion treatment on the gasified fly ash to generate the high-temperature flue gas; In this embodiment of the invention, the furnace 202 can be specifically optimized for the combustion characteristics of gasified fly ash.

[0052] In some examples, the inner wall of the furnace can be lined with high-performance refractory materials that can withstand continuous high-temperature conditions above 1300°C. An adjustable air distribution device can also be installed in the lower part of the furnace to ensure that fly ash particles are fully fluidized and dispersed in the combustion chamber. Anti-slagging observation windows and temperature monitoring points are set in the upper part to realize visual monitoring of the combustion process.

[0053] Cyclone separator 203 is used to receive the high-temperature flue gas generated in the furnace and to separate the high-temperature flue gas to generate high-temperature gas and solid particles.

[0054] In this embodiment of the invention, the cyclone separator 203 can perform graded treatment on the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the furnace, and can separate the high-temperature gas and solid particles in the high-temperature flue gas.

[0055] In some examples, the cyclone separator 203 can be composed of multiple parallel small-diameter cyclones, each generating a strong centrifugal force field to efficiently separate solid particles from the flue gas. The separator cylinder is made of heat-resistant steel and lined with a wear-resistant ceramic layer, capable of withstanding the erosion and wear of high-temperature flue gas and fly ash particles above 800°C for extended periods. Structurally, the upper part of the cyclone separator can be equipped with a gas guide hood to optimize airflow distribution; the lower part can be configured with a two-stage airlock ash discharge valve to ensure continuous and stable discharge of separated fly ash particles while maintaining system airtightness.

[0056] In some examples, boiler 20 may also include: The return feeder 201 is also used to receive the solid particles generated by the cyclone separator; The return feeder includes a first inlet, a second inlet, and an outlet. The first inlet of the return feeder is connected to the ash conveying system via a pipeline to receive the gasified fly ash output by the ash conveying system. The second inlet of the return feeder is connected to the cyclone separator to receive the solid particles output by the cyclone separator. The outlet of the return feeder is connected to the furnace to output the gasified fly ash and the solid particles, so that the gasified fly ash and the solid particles are transferred to the furnace. In this embodiment of the utility model, the return feeder 201 can have two feed inlets and one discharge outlet. One feed inlet, namely the first feed inlet, can be located at the bottom of the return feeder, i.e., at the position of the return leg, and is connected to the ash conveying system through a pipe to receive the gasified fly ash output by the ash conveying system. The other feed inlet, namely the second feed inlet, can be located on the side of the return feeder and is connected to the cyclone separator through a pipe to receive the solid particles separated by the cyclone separator. The discharge outlet can be located at the top of the return feeder and is connected to the furnace through a pipe to output the gasified fly ash and solid particles, so that the gasified fly ash and solid particles can be transferred to the furnace for re-combustion. In some examples, the return feeder 201 can flexibly adjust its volume and structural dimensions according to the actual processing capacity, and can employ a multi-layer sealing structure to ensure system airtightness. For example, the first and second inlets can use pneumatic sealing valve assemblies, combined with a nitrogen protection system, to effectively prevent air infiltration and material leakage. The outlet can use a double-gate airlock device to achieve continuous feeding while maintaining stable system pressure. The return feeder housing can adopt a fully welded structure, with key welds undergoing non-destructive testing to ensure the long-term reliability of the equipment.

[0057] The furnace chamber 202 is also used to receive the solid particles output by the return feeder, and to burn the solid particles to generate the high-temperature flue gas.

[0058] The furnace includes a feed inlet and a gas outlet; the feed inlet of the furnace is connected to the discharge outlet of the return feeder through a pipe for receiving the gasified fly ash output by the return feeder; the gas outlet of the furnace is connected to the cyclone separator through a pipe for outputting the high-temperature flue gas so that the high-temperature flue gas is transmitted to the cyclone separator. In this embodiment of the utility model, the furnace may include a feed inlet and a gas outlet. The feed inlet of the furnace may be connected to the outlet of the return feeder through a pipe to receive the gasified fly ash output by the return feeder. The gas outlet of the furnace may be connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator through a pipe to output high-temperature flue gas so that the generated high-temperature flue gas can be transmitted to the cyclone separator.

[0059] In this embodiment of the invention, the furnace may further include a water-cooled screen, the number of which is determined according to the fuel used by the boiler.

[0060] In some examples, for high-calorific-value fuels, such as high-quality pulverized coal, which is a common boiler application and design, the higher combustion temperature necessitates an increased number of water-cooled screens to enhance heat exchange. A close-packed arrangement is typically used to ensure the flue gas temperature at the furnace outlet is controlled within a reasonable range. Conversely, for low-calorific-value fuels, such as gasified fly ash, the number of water-cooled screens needs to be appropriately reduced to maintain a sufficiently high combustion temperature in the furnace. Furthermore, the number of water-cooled screens within the furnace can be determined based on the fuel used in the boiler.

[0061] In some examples, the furnace may also include water-cooled walls and water-cooled screens. The water-cooled screens may adopt a bare tube bundle structure, which is made of parallel finned tubes welded together. The working fluid inside the tubes flows through a forced circulation method, which ensures heat exchange efficiency and avoids local overheating.

[0062] In some examples, the furnace may consist only of water-cooled walls, which can be membrane wall structures covered with wear-resistant castable. The area covered by the wear-resistant castable on the water-cooled walls is determined based on the fuel used in the boiler. When the furnace adopts a full water-cooled wall structure design, meaning that only water-cooled wall tube panels are arranged around the furnace as the main heating surface, the heat exchange area needs to be reduced during combustion and gasification of fly ash. Therefore, the outer surface of the water-cooled walls is covered with wear-resistant castable to form a protective layer. The coverage area and thickness of the wear-resistant castable are configured differently according to the characteristics of the fuel designed for the boiler: when burning high-ash, highly abrasive fuels, a thicker layer is required on the entire surface of the water-cooled walls, for example, a 20-50mm thick layer of wear-resistant castable can be used for full coverage; when burning low-ash fuels, a 10-30mm thick wear-resistant layer is only applied in easily worn areas, such as dense phase zones and flue gas turning points.

[0063] This structure optimizes furnace heat transfer efficiency while ensuring wear resistance through fuel adaptability design. When the wear-resistant castable can be made of silicon carbide-based composite material, the temperature of the water-cooled wall tube can be reduced and it can withstand high-temperature corrosion above 1200℃.

[0064] Cyclone separator 203 is used to receive the high-temperature flue gas generated in the furnace and to separate the high-temperature flue gas to generate high-temperature gas and solid particles.

[0065] The cyclone separator includes an air inlet, an air outlet, and a discharge outlet; the air inlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the air outlet of the boiler via a pipe for receiving the high-temperature flue gas generated in the furnace; the air outlet of the cyclone separator is used to output the high-temperature gas; the discharge outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the second inlet of the return feeder via a pipe for outputting the solid particles so that the solid particles are transferred to the return feeder.

[0066] In this embodiment of the invention, the cyclone separator may include an air inlet, an air outlet, and a discharge outlet. The air inlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the boiler's air outlet via a pipe to receive high-temperature flue gas generated in the furnace; the air outlet of the cyclone separator is used to output high-temperature gas; and the discharge outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the second feed inlet of a return feeder via a pipe to output solid particles, allowing the solid particles to be transferred to the return feeder.

[0067] In some examples, the cyclone separator's structural design can employ a multi-stage separation principle, significantly improving separation efficiency through optimized internal flow field distribution. The cyclone separator cylinder can be made of special alloy steel, with an inner wall lined with wear-resistant ceramic, capable of withstanding long-term erosion from high-temperature flue gas and fly ash particles exceeding 800℃. The outlet can be equipped with a central tube featuring a wear-resistant structure and internal guide vanes to effectively reduce pressure loss and prevent secondary entrainment. The discharge port can be configured with a two-stage airlock valve device, achieving continuous ash discharge while maintaining system airtightness through alternating opening and closing.

[0068] The pneumatic ash conveying system 30 is connected to both the gasified fly ash storage bin and the boiler; it is used to transfer the gasified fly ash output from the gasified fly ash storage bin to the boiler.

[0069] In some examples, the pneumatic ash conveying system 30 may include: Container pump 301 is used to receive the gasified fly ash output from the gasified fly ash storage container; The silo pump includes an inlet and an outlet; the inlet of the silo pump is connected to the gasified fly ash storage silo via a pipeline for receiving the gasified fly ash output from the gasified fly ash storage silo; the outlet of the silo pump is connected to the metering feeder via a pipeline for outputting the gasified fly ash so that the gasified fly ash is conveyed to the metering feeder. In this embodiment of the utility model, the silo pump 301 may include an inlet and an outlet. The inlet of the silo pump and the outlet of the gasified fly ash storage silo can be connected by a pipeline to receive the gasified fly ash output from the gasified fly ash storage silo. The outlet of the silo pump and the inlet of the metering feeder can be connected by a pipeline to output the gasified fly ash so that the gasified fly ash is transported to the metering feeder.

[0070] In some examples, the silo pump 301 can serve as the core power unit of the pneumatic conveying system, and its structural design fully considers the special physical properties of gasified fly ash. For example, the main body of the silo pump can be manufactured according to pressure vessel standards, with an operating pressure of up to 0.6 MPa, and its volume is designed according to the system's throughput. The feed inlet of the silo pump can be located at the top of the pump, controlled by a pneumatic gate valve, and equipped with a material level detection device to achieve automatic loading control. The discharge outlet of the silo pump can be located at the conical bottom, with a streamlined design to avoid material accumulation. A specially designed fluidizing device can be installed at the outlet, which evenly distributes fluidizing gas through a perforated plate to ensure that the fly ash smoothly enters the conveying state.

[0071] The silo pump 301 demonstrates significant advantages in handling special materials such as gasified fly ash. Its unique structural design effectively overcomes the technical challenges of easy accumulation and poor flowability of gasified fly ash, ensuring that the material maintains a consistently good conveying condition.

[0072] In this embodiment of the utility model, one of the pneumatic ash conveying systems includes multiple silo pumps, multiple metering feeders, and multiple ash conveying pipelines; Among the multiple silo pumps, at least one is a standby silo pump.

[0073] In some examples, a single pneumatic ash conveying system can include three silo pumps, such as silo pump 1, silo pump 2, and silo pump 3. Each silo pump outlet is connected to a metering feeder, corresponding to three ash conveying pipelines. The ash conveying capacity of each pipeline is half the amount of fly ash co-fired in a coal-water slurry boiler. Silo pump 2 and its corresponding ash conveying pipeline serve as backup silo pumps 1 and 3. During normal operation, silo pumps 1 and 3 operate simultaneously, with silo pump 2 as a backup. The pneumatic ash conveying system adopts an "N+1" redundancy design concept to ensure continuous and stable operation. The main working silo pump group typically has three units, arranged in a "two-in-use, one-out-of-service" configuration. The metering feeders are configured one-to-one with the silo pumps, with an appropriate number of backup units also maintained. The ash conveying pipelines use a dual-pipeline layout, with switching valves enabling alternating operation and online maintenance. The control system adopts a distributed architecture, allowing each device to be operated independently locally or centrally monitored from the control room.

[0074] This redundant configuration greatly improves system reliability. Even if individual equipment fails, it will not affect the overall operation. At the same time, the system is also designed with comprehensive alarm and protection functions to ensure that any abnormal situation can be handled in a timely manner, providing comprehensive protection for the safe and efficient transportation of gasified fly ash.

[0075] Metering feeder 302 is used to control the output amount of the gasified fly ash from the silo pump; The metering feeder includes an inlet and an outlet; the inlet of the metering feeder is connected to the outlet of the silo pump through a pipeline to receive the gasified fly ash output by the silo pump; the outlet of the metering feeder is connected to the ash conveying pipeline to output the gasified fly ash so that the gasified fly ash is conveyed to the ash conveying pipeline. In this embodiment of the utility model, the metering feeder may include an inlet and an outlet; the inlet of the metering feeder is connected to the outlet of the silo pump through a pipeline for receiving the gasified fly ash output by the silo pump; the outlet of the metering feeder is connected to the ash conveying pipeline for outputting the gasified fly ash so that the gasified fly ash is conveyed to the ash conveying pipeline.

[0076] In some examples, the metering feeder 302 can employ a high-precision loss-in-weight metering principle to ensure accurate control of the gasified fly ash conveying volume. The core of the equipment can consist of a metering bin, a weighing sensor, and a screw feeder mechanism. A buffer device can be installed at the feed inlet of the metering feeder to effectively eliminate the fluctuations caused by the pulse feeding from the bin pump. The discharge outlet of the metering feeder adopts a variable frequency speed-regulating screw design, which can steplessly adjust the feeding volume according to the control system commands. The equipment casing can adopt a fully sealed structure to prevent dust escape, and key internal components are made of wear-resistant materials to extend their service life.

[0077] The metering feeder 302 is a precision metering device that not only enables accurate control of the flow rate of gasified fly ash, but also monitors changes in material characteristics in real time, providing data support for optimized system operation.

[0078] Ash conveying pipeline 303 is used for pneumatic transport of the gasified fly ash; The material of the ash conveying pipe is manganese steel as the base material and lined with ceramic; the convex side wall of the curved part of the ash conveying pipe is fitted with wear-resistant castable.

[0079] In this embodiment of the utility model, the ash conveying pipeline, as the most important link in the ash conveying system, can transport gasified fly ash by pneumatic transport.

[0080] In some examples, the straight sections of the ash conveying pipeline 303 can adopt a double-layer structure: an outer manganese steel sleeve and an inner lining of 3-5mm thick alumina ceramic, achieving a Mohs hardness of 9 and exhibiting high wear resistance. Elbows can be thickened, with an additional 20-30mm thick silicon carbide wear-resistant layer cast on the convex side of the bend, extending service life. The ash conveying pipeline connections can utilize a flange-type quick-installation structure for easy disassembly and replacement, and a metal spiral wound gasket ensures airtightness. The pipeline layout follows the principle of "short distance, fewer bends," with the main bend radius designed to be 5-8 times the pipe diameter to minimize conveying resistance. Furthermore, the pipeline system can be equipped with pressure monitoring points and ash removal ports for convenient operation and maintenance.

[0081] In some examples, key components of the ash conveying pipeline 303 can be equipped with intelligent regulating valve systems to further improve the control accuracy and operational reliability of the conveying system. For instance, this valve system can include multiple functional valves such as pneumatic control valves, flow regulating valves, and emergency shut-off valves, arranged at intervals along the pipeline according to process requirements. The pneumatic control valves utilize wear-resistant ceramic valve cores and special alloy valve bodies to withstand the erosion and wear of high-speed fly ash particles. The flow regulating valves can be equipped with high-precision actuators that can adjust the opening degree in real time according to control system commands, controlling the fly ash concentration in the pipeline within the optimal range. The emergency shut-off valves can adopt a quick-closing design, rapidly shutting off the pipeline in the event of system abnormalities to prevent the accident from escalating. All valves can be connected to the central control system via an industrial bus to achieve remote monitoring and intelligent regulation.

[0082] In some examples, no additional valves, instruments, flexible connections, or other fittings are permitted on the straight section from the first feed inlet of the return feeder to the first bend of the ash conveying pipe. This is because the temperature at this location reaches 900°C or higher, and the heat radiation is very strong; adding fittings would easily cause them to burn out.

[0083] The ash conveying pipe 303 provided in this embodiment of the invention features a composite structure design with a manganese steel substrate and a ceramic lining, and wear-resistant castable is added to the convex side of the bending section, significantly improving the pipe's wear resistance and service life. This design effectively solves the problem of pipe wall wear caused by gasified fly ash during pneumatic conveying. The manganese steel substrate provides good structural strength, while the ceramic lining greatly enhances wear resistance, making it particularly suitable for conveying high-hardness, highly abrasive gasified fly ash materials. The special wear-resistant treatment at the bending section specifically addresses the problem of concentrated particle erosion of the pipe wall when the airflow changes direction. This optimized pipe structure not only reduces maintenance frequency and replacement costs but also ensures the long-term stable operation of the conveying system, providing a reliable guarantee for the efficient conveying of gasified fly ash.

[0084] The gas storage tank 304 is used to provide a gas source for the ash conveying pipeline.

[0085] The gas storage tank includes a gas outlet; the gas outlet of the gas storage tank is connected to the ash conveying pipeline and is used to provide a gas source for the ash conveying pipeline.

[0086] In this embodiment of the utility model, the gas storage tank may include a gas outlet, which may be connected to the ash conveying pipeline. The gas source in the gas storage tank may be compressed air or nitrogen, which is used to provide a conveying gas source for the ash conveying pipeline.

[0087] In some examples, the 304 air tank can be designed and manufactured according to pressure vessel standards, equipped with a comprehensive safety protection system. The tank body can be made of high-quality carbon steel with anti-corrosion treatment on the inner wall. It is designed to operate at a pressure of up to 1.0 MPa and is equipped with multiple safety protection devices, including safety valves, pressure gauges, and rupture discs. The air tank is equipped with an intelligent control system that monitors the internal pressure in real time via pressure sensors. When the pressure falls below the set value, the air compressor automatically starts to replenish the air, ensuring that the supply pressure remains stable within the operating range of 0.4~0.7 MPa. Furthermore, the air tank is equipped with an automatic drainage device and an air dryer to effectively remove moisture and impurities from the compressed air, ensuring the delivered gas is dry and clean and preventing adverse effects on the delivery system.

[0088] In some examples, the air supply system of the air tank 304 can be flexibly configured according to actual needs. For instance, the air supply system can connect to multiple air compressors operating in parallel, with automatic switching and load distribution achieved through an intelligent control system, ensuring the continuity and reliability of the air supply. The air outlet of the air tank can be equipped with a precision pressure reducing valve assembly and a flow regulating device, which can precisely adjust the output air pressure and flow according to the actual needs of the conveying pipeline. Simultaneously, the system can also be equipped with a backup air source interface, allowing for rapid connection to a mobile air compressor or backup air source in emergencies, significantly improving the system's operational reliability. This optimized air supply system design provides stable, reliable, and adjustable power for pneumatic conveying, ensuring efficient and stable operation of the conveying system under various working conditions.

[0089] The gas storage tank 304 provided in this embodiment of the invention provides a continuous and reliable conveying power to the ash conveying pipeline through a stable gas supply system. The gas outlet of the storage tank is directly connected to the ash conveying pipeline, effectively buffering pressure fluctuations and ensuring that the pressure of the pneumatic conveying system remains stable within a certain operating range. This design not only improves the stability and continuity of the conveying process but also allows for flexible adjustment of gas pressure parameters according to conveying requirements, significantly improving the conveying efficiency and system reliability of gasified fly ash, and providing crucial power assurance for the entire pneumatic conveying system.

[0090] This utility model provides a gasified fly ash treatment system, including a gasified fly ash storage bin for storing gasified fly ash produced by a gasifier; a boiler connected to the gasified fly ash storage bin for receiving and burning the gasified fly ash to generate high-temperature flue gas; and a pneumatic ash conveying system connected to both the gasified fly ash storage bin and the boiler for conveying the gasified fly ash from the storage bin to the boiler. The pneumatic ash conveying system includes a bin pump, a metering feeder, ash conveying pipelines, and a gas storage tank, achieving stable fly ash conveying through precise metering and pneumatic conveying technology. The boiler system includes a return feeder, a furnace, and a cyclone separator, forming a circulating combustion structure to achieve complete combustion of fly ash and separated particles. This utility model, by optimizing the wear-resistant structure of the conveying pipeline and the circulating combustion process, solves the problems of high wear during gasified fly ash conveying and incomplete combustion, achieving efficient resource utilization of gasified fly ash.

[0091] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0092] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0093] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention.

[0094] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. Relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes said element.

[0095] The gasification fly ash treatment system provided by this utility model has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of this utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the idea of ​​this utility model. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A gasification fly ash treatment system, characterized in that, include: A gasified fly ash storage bin is used to store gasified fly ash, which is generated by a gasifier. A boiler is used to receive the gasified fly ash and to combust the gasified fly ash to generate high-temperature flue gas. A pneumatic ash conveying system is connected to the gasified fly ash storage bin and the boiler, respectively. Used to transfer the gasified fly ash output from the gasified fly ash storage silo to the boiler.

2. The gasified fly ash treatment system of claim 1, wherein, The pneumatic ash conveying system includes: A silo pump is used to receive the gasified fly ash output from the gasified fly ash storage silo; A metering feeder is used to control the output amount of the gasified fly ash from the silo pump; Ash conveying pipeline, used for pneumatic transport of the gasified fly ash; An air storage tank is used to provide a gas source for the ash conveying pipeline.

3. The gasified fly ash treatment system of claim 1, wherein, The boiler includes: A return feeder is used to receive the gasified fly ash output from the ash conveying system; The furnace is used to receive the gasified fly ash output from the return feeder, and to perform combustion treatment on the gasified fly ash to generate the high-temperature flue gas; A cyclone separator is used to receive the high-temperature flue gas generated in the furnace and to separate the high-temperature flue gas to generate high-temperature gas and solid particles.

4. The gasification fly ash treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The return feeder is also used to receive the solid particles generated by the cyclone separator; The furnace chamber is also used to receive the solid particles output by the return feeder, and to burn the solid particles to generate the high-temperature flue gas.

5. The gasified fly ash treatment system of claim 1, wherein, The gasified fly ash storage bin includes: The feed inlet is used to receive the gasified fly ash; The discharge port is connected to the pneumatic ash conveying system via a pipeline for outputting the gasified fly ash, so that the gasified fly ash is conveyed to the pneumatic ash conveying system.

6. The gasification fly ash treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The silo pump includes an inlet and an outlet; the inlet of the silo pump is connected to the gasified fly ash storage silo via a pipeline for receiving the gasified fly ash output from the gasified fly ash storage silo; the outlet of the silo pump is connected to the metering feeder via a pipeline for outputting the gasified fly ash so that the gasified fly ash is conveyed to the metering feeder. The metering feeder includes an inlet and an outlet; the inlet of the metering feeder is connected to the outlet of the silo pump through a pipeline to receive the gasified fly ash output by the silo pump; the outlet of the metering feeder is connected to the ash conveying pipeline to output the gasified fly ash so that the gasified fly ash is conveyed to the ash conveying pipeline. The gas storage tank includes a gas outlet; the gas outlet of the gas storage tank is connected to the ash conveying pipeline and is used to provide a gas source for the ash conveying pipeline.

7. The gasification fly ash treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The return feeder includes a first inlet, a second inlet, and an outlet. The first inlet of the return feeder is connected to the ash conveying system via a pipeline to receive the gasified fly ash output by the ash conveying system. The second inlet of the return feeder is connected to the cyclone separator to receive the solid particles output by the cyclone separator. The outlet of the return feeder is connected to the furnace to output the gasified fly ash and the solid particles, so that the gasified fly ash and the solid particles are transferred to the furnace. The furnace includes a feed inlet and a gas outlet; the feed inlet of the furnace is connected to the discharge outlet of the return feeder through a pipe for receiving the gasified fly ash output by the return feeder; the gas outlet of the furnace is connected to the cyclone separator through a pipe for outputting the high-temperature flue gas so that the high-temperature flue gas is transmitted to the cyclone separator. The cyclone separator includes an air inlet, an air outlet, and a discharge outlet; the air inlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the air outlet of the boiler via a pipe for receiving the high-temperature flue gas generated in the furnace; the air outlet of the cyclone separator is used to output the high-temperature gas; the discharge outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the second inlet of the return feeder via a pipe for outputting the solid particles so that the solid particles are transferred to the return feeder.

8. The gasification fly ash treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The material of the ash conveying pipe is manganese steel as the base material and lined with ceramic; the convex side wall of the curved part of the ash conveying pipe is fitted with wear-resistant castable.

9. The gasification fly ash treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, One of the pneumatic ash conveying systems includes multiple silo pumps, multiple metering feeders, and multiple ash conveying pipelines; Among the multiple silo pumps, at least one is a standby silo pump.

10. The gasification fly ash treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The furnace includes a water-cooled screen, which adopts a bare tube bundle structure; the number of water-cooled screens is determined according to the fuel used by the boiler. And / or, The furnace includes a water-cooled wall, which is a membrane wall structure, and the water-cooled wall is covered with a wear-resistant castable. The area and thickness of the wear-resistant castable covering the water-cooled wall are determined according to the fuel used in the boiler.

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