A pretreatment device for waste decomposition

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of waste incineration technology, specifically a waste pretreatment device before decomposition. The waste pretreatment device includes: a pyrolysis gasification furnace; a support frame located on one side of the pyrolysis gasification furnace; an auger conveyor mounted on the support frame, with its output end connected to the pyrolysis gasification furnace; and a crushing section mounted on the support frame. The beneficial effects of this utility model are: this device achieves the separate processing of dry and wet waste during the feeding stage of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, not only avoiding the separate drying process for wet waste in traditional technologies, reducing handling and labor costs, but also achieving continuous and efficient waste pretreatment. Simultaneously, the crushing of dry waste and the dehydration of wet waste further optimize the in-furnace combustion conditions, improving the combustion efficiency and stability of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, providing a more economical and efficient solution for waste treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste incineration technology, specifically a waste pretreatment device before decomposition. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of living standards, the amount of domestic waste generated is increasing day by day, and waste disposal has become an important issue in urban management. Waste sorting, as an important means of waste reduction, resource recovery, and harmless treatment, typically divides domestic waste into categories such as dry waste and wet waste to facilitate subsequent recycling or disposal. Among existing waste incineration technologies, pyrolysis gasification furnaces are widely used for waste decomposition.

[0003] However, due to the high moisture content of wet waste, when dry and wet waste are mixed and incinerated in a pyrolysis gasification furnace, the moisture content of the wet waste causes some of the dry waste to become damp, thus reducing incineration efficiency, increasing energy consumption, and even affecting the stability of combustion within the furnace. To address this issue, existing technologies typically involve separately drying the wet waste before incineration to reduce its moisture content. However, this method requires an additional drying process, involving repeated handling of the wet waste and manual operation, which not only increases equipment investment and operating costs but also prolongs the processing cycle and reduces overall incineration efficiency. Therefore, optimizing the pretreatment process for dry and wet waste while ensuring incineration efficiency has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a pretreatment device for waste decomposition. Existing technologies typically involve separately drying wet waste before incineration to reduce its moisture content. However, this method requires an additional drying step, involving repeated handling of wet waste and manual operation, which not only increases equipment investment and operating costs but also prolongs the processing cycle and reduces overall incineration efficiency.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A pretreatment device for waste decomposition, comprising:

[0006] Pyrolysis gasification furnace;

[0007] A support frame located on one side of the pyrolysis gasification furnace;

[0008] A screw conveyor, which is mounted on a support frame and whose output end is connected to a pyrolysis gasification furnace;

[0009] A crushing section, which is mounted on a support frame;

[0010] The dehydration section is mounted on a support frame;

[0011] The channel has one side connected to the feed end of the auger conveyor and the other side connected to the crushing section and the dewatering section respectively.

[0012] The gripping section is located above the support frame, and is used to place dry waste into the crushing section and wet waste into the dehydration section.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] 1) By setting up two feeding ports, a crushing section and a dehydration section, before feeding into the pyrolysis gasifier, and cooperating with the grabbing section to place dry waste and wet waste into the crushing section and dehydration section respectively for targeted treatment, the overall efficiency of waste incineration is improved. Specifically, after the dry waste is further refined by the crushing section, its combustion in the pyrolysis gasifier is improved, while after the wet waste is treated by the dehydration section, its moisture content is greatly reduced, effectively avoiding the moistening effect of wet waste on dry waste. Finally, the crushed dry waste and the dehydrated wet waste are transported to the pyrolysis gasifier for incineration by a screw conveyor.

[0015] 2) In summary, this device achieves the separate processing of dry and wet waste during the feeding stage of the pyrolysis gasification furnace. This not only avoids the separate process of drying wet waste in traditional technologies, reducing transportation and labor costs, but also realizes the continuity and efficiency of waste pretreatment. At the same time, the crushing of dry waste and the dehydration of wet waste further optimize the in-furnace combustion conditions, improve the combustion efficiency and stability of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and provide a more economical and efficient solution for waste treatment.

[0016] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0017] Furthermore, the crushing unit includes a first feeding bin, a first drive motor, a main shaft, a driven shaft, a first gear, a second gear, a first crushing blade, and a second crushing blade. The first feeding bin is fixed on a support frame, the first drive motor is fixed on the outside of the first feeding bin, and the drive end of the first drive motor passes through the first feeding bin and extends into the interior of the first feeding bin.

[0018] Furthermore, one end of the main shaft is fixed to the drive end of the first drive motor, and the other end of the main shaft penetrates the first feed hopper and extends to the outside. The first gear is coaxially fixed to the other end of the main shaft, and the first crushing blade is sleeved on the outside of the main shaft.

[0019] Furthermore, the second gear meshes with one side of the first gear, one end of the driven shaft is coaxially fixed to one side of the second gear, and the other end of the driven shaft passes through the first feed hopper and is rotatably connected to the side wall of the first feed hopper through a rotating shaft, and the second crushing blade is sleeved on the outside of the driven shaft.

[0020] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are that after the first drive motor starts, its drive end drives the main shaft to rotate. One end of the main shaft is fixed to the drive end of the drive motor, and the other end extends to the outside and is coaxially fixed to the first gear. Since the first gear meshes with the second gear, when the first gear rotates with the main shaft, the second gear rotates accordingly and drives the driven shaft fixed coaxially with it to rotate. The driven shaft is rotatably connected to the side wall of the first feed bin through a rotating shaft to ensure the stability of rotation. At this time, the first crushing blade sleeved on the outside of the main shaft and the second crushing blade sleeved on the outside of the driven shaft rotate relative to each other under the drive of the main shaft and the driven shaft, cutting and crushing the dry waste entering the first feed bin. This is beneficial to the fullness and efficiency of combustion in the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and also reduces the problem of furnace blockage or incomplete combustion that may be caused by excessively large waste particles.

[0021] Furthermore, the dehydration unit includes a second feed bin, a second drive motor, an output shaft, a third gear, a gear ring, a dehydration sleeve, drain holes, a drain pipe, a support plate, a discharge port, a baffle, a stirring plate, and an electric push rod. The second feed bin is located on one side of the first feed bin and is fixed on the support frame. The support plate is fixed between the side walls of the second feed bin. The bottom of the dehydration sleeve is rotatably connected to the support plate via a rotating shaft. The drain holes are arranged in a ring array on the outside of the dehydration sleeve. The stirring plates are arranged in a ring array on the inner wall of the dehydration sleeve. One end of the drain pipe connects the second feed bin and the dehydration sleeve.

[0022] Furthermore, the gear ring is sleeved on the bottom of the dewatering sleeve, the third gear meshes on one side of the gear ring, the second drive motor is fixed on the outside of the second feed hopper, one end of the output shaft is fixed on the drive end of the second drive motor, and the other end of the output shaft extends between the second feed hopper and the dewatering sleeve and is coaxially fixed on the top of the gear.

[0023] Furthermore, the discharge port is located inside the support plate, one side of the baffle is rotatably connected to the side wall of the discharge port via a rotating shaft, one end of the electric push rod is fixed to the side wall of the second feed bin, and the drive end of the electric push rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the baffle via a rotating shaft.

[0024] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that after the second drive motor starts, its drive end drives the third gear to rotate. Since the third gear meshes with the gear ring sleeved at the bottom of the dewatering sleeve, the rotation of the third gear drives the gear ring and the stirring plate inside the dewatering sleeve to rotate. When the wet waste is placed inside the dewatering sleeve, it will rotate with the dewatering sleeve. Under the action of centrifugal force, the water in the wet waste is thrown out and flows into the space between the second feed bin and the dewatering sleeve through the drainage holes distributed in the annular array outside the dewatering sleeve, and is finally discharged through the drain pipe. After dewatering is completed, the electric push rod machine drives the baffle to flip, thereby opening the discharge port on the bearing plate, so that the dewatered waste is discharged from the discharge port. The whole process achieves efficient dewatering through gear transmission and centrifugal force, and realizes automated control of discharge through the electric push rod machine, ensuring that the dewatering process is stable and continuous.

[0025] Furthermore, the gripping unit includes a crane grab bucket.

[0026] Furthermore, the channel is configured as a Y-shaped pipe, with one side of the pipe connected to the feed end of the auger conveyor, and the other side of the pipe connected to the bottom of the first feed bin and the bottom of the second feed bin respectively. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from another perspective;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle.

[0030] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0031] 10. Pyrolysis gasification furnace; 20. Support frame; 30. Screw conveyor; 40. Crushing section; 401. First feed bin; 402. First drive motor; 403. Main shaft; 404. Driven shaft; 405. First gear; 406. Second gear; 407. First crushing blade; 408. Second crushing blade; 50. Dewatering section; 501. Second feed bin; 502. Second drive motor; 503. Output shaft; 504. Third gear; 505. Gear ring; 506. Dewatering sleeve; 507. Drain hole; 508. Drain pipe; 509. Bearing plate; 510. Discharge port; 511. Baffle; 512. Stirring plate; 513. Electric push rod; 60. Channel; 70. Gripping section. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The principles and features of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0033] With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of living standards, the amount of domestic waste generated is increasing day by day, and waste disposal has become an important issue in urban management. Waste sorting, as an important means of waste reduction, resource recovery, and harmless treatment, typically divides domestic waste into categories such as dry waste and wet waste to facilitate subsequent recycling or disposal. Among existing waste incineration technologies, pyrolysis gasification furnaces are widely used for waste decomposition.

[0034] However, due to the high moisture content of wet waste, when dry waste is mixed with wet waste and enters the pyrolysis gasification furnace for incineration, the moisture content of the wet waste causes some of the dry waste to become wet, thereby reducing incineration efficiency, increasing energy consumption, and even affecting the stability of combustion within the furnace. To solve this problem, existing technologies typically perform separate drying treatment on wet waste before incineration to reduce its moisture content. However, this method requires an additional drying process, involving repeated handling of wet waste and manual operation, which not only increases equipment investment and operating costs but also prolongs the processing cycle and reduces overall incineration efficiency. Therefore, to address this issue while ensuring incineration efficiency, the inventor has proposed a pretreatment device for waste decomposition to solve the aforementioned problems.

[0035] The present invention provides the following preferred embodiments.

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a waste pretreatment device includes:

[0037] 10 pyrolysis gasification furnace;

[0038] Support frame 20, which is located on one side of pyrolysis gasification furnace 10;

[0039] Screw conveyor 30 is mounted on support frame 20, and the output end of screw conveyor 30 is connected to pyrolysis gasification furnace 10.

[0040] The crushing section 40 is mounted on the support frame 20.

[0041] Dehydration section 50 is mounted on support frame 20;

[0042] Channel 60, one side of which is connected to the feed end of the screw conveyor 30, and the other side of which is connected to the crushing section 40 and the dewatering section 50 respectively;

[0043] The gripping section 70 is located above the support frame 20. The gripping section 70 is used to put dry waste into the crushing section 40 and wet waste into the dehydration section 50.

[0044] By setting two feeding ports, a crushing section 40 and a dehydration section 50, before feeding into the pyrolysis gasifier 10, and cooperating with the gripping section 70 to place dry waste and wet waste into the crushing section 40 and the dehydration section 50 respectively for targeted treatment, the overall efficiency of waste incineration is improved. Specifically, after the dry waste is further refined by the crushing section 40, its combustion completeness in the pyrolysis gasifier 10 can be improved, while after the wet waste is treated by the dehydration section 50, its moisture content is greatly reduced, effectively avoiding the moistening effect of wet waste on dry waste. Finally, the crushed dry waste and the dehydrated wet waste are uniformly transported to the pyrolysis gasifier 10 for incineration by the screw conveyor 30.

[0045] In summary, this device achieves the separate processing of dry and wet waste during the feeding stage of the pyrolysis gasification furnace 10. This not only avoids the separate process of drying wet waste in traditional technologies, reducing handling and labor costs, but also realizes the continuity and efficiency of waste pretreatment. At the same time, the crushing of dry waste and the dehydration of wet waste further optimize the in-furnace combustion conditions, improve the combustion efficiency and stability of the pyrolysis gasification furnace 10, and provide a more economical and efficient solution for waste treatment.

[0046] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the crushing unit 40 includes a first feed bin 401, a first drive motor 402, a main shaft 403, a driven shaft 404, a first gear 405, a second gear 406, a first crushing blade 407, and a second crushing blade 408. The first feed bin 401 is fixed on the support frame 20. The first drive motor 402 is fixed on the outside of the first feed bin 401, and the drive end of the first drive motor 402 passes through the first feed bin 401 and extends into the interior of the first feed bin 401. One end of the main shaft 403 is fixed to the drive end of the first drive motor 402. The main shaft 403 is located at one end, and the other end of the main shaft 403 penetrates the first feed chamber 401 and extends to the outside. The first gear 405 is coaxially fixed at the other end of the main shaft 403. The first crushing blade 407 is sleeved on the outside of the main shaft 403. The second gear 406 meshes with one side of the first gear 405. One end of the driven shaft 404 is coaxially fixed on one side of the second gear 406, and the other end of the driven shaft 404 penetrates the first feed chamber 401 and is rotatably connected to the side wall of the first feed chamber 401 through a rotating shaft. The second crushing blade 408 is sleeved on the outside of the driven shaft 404.

[0047] After the first drive motor 402 starts, its drive end drives the main shaft 403 to rotate. One end of the main shaft 403 is fixed to the drive end of the drive motor, and the other end extends to the outside and is coaxially fixed to the first gear 405. Since the first gear 405 meshes with the second gear 406, when the first gear 405 rotates with the main shaft 403, the second gear 406 rotates accordingly and drives the driven shaft 404, which is coaxially fixed with it, to rotate. The driven shaft 404 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the first feed bin 401 through a rotating shaft to ensure the stability of rotation. At this time, the first crushing blade 407 sleeved on the outside of the main shaft 403 and the second crushing blade 408 sleeved on the outside of the driven shaft 404 rotate relative to each other under the drive of the main shaft 403 and the driven shaft 404, cutting and crushing the dry waste entering the first feed bin 401. This is beneficial to the fullness and efficiency of combustion in the pyrolysis gasification furnace 10, and also reduces the problem of furnace blockage or incomplete combustion that may be caused by excessively large waste particles.

[0048] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the dewatering section 50 includes a second feed bin 501, a second drive motor 502, an output shaft 503, a third gear 504, a gear ring 505, a dewatering sleeve 506, drain holes 507, a drain pipe 508, a support plate 509, a discharge port 510, a baffle 511, stirring blades 512, and an electric push rod motor 513. The second feed bin 501 is located on one side of the first feed bin 401 and is fixed on the support frame 20. The support plate 509 is fixed between the side walls of the second feed bin 501. The bottom of the dewatering sleeve 506 is rotatably connected to the support plate 509 via a rotating shaft. The drain holes 507 are arranged in a ring array on the outside of the dewatering sleeve 506, and the stirring blades 512 are arranged in a ring array on the inner wall of the dewatering sleeve 506. One end of the drain pipe 508 is connected to... Between the second feed hopper 501 and the dewatering sleeve 506, a gear ring 505 is fitted onto the bottom of the dewatering sleeve 506, a third gear 504 meshes with one side of the gear ring 505, a second drive motor 502 is fixed to the outside of the second feed hopper 501, one end of the output shaft 503 is fixed to the drive end of the second drive motor 502, and the other end of the output shaft 503 extends between the second feed hopper 501 and the dewatering sleeve 506 and is coaxially fixed to the top of the gear, the discharge port 510 is opened inside the bearing plate 509, one side of the baffle 511 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the discharge port 510 through a rotating shaft, one end of the electric push rod 513 is fixed to the side wall of the second feed hopper 501, and the drive end of the electric push rod 513 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the baffle 511 through a rotating shaft;

[0049] After the second drive motor 502 starts, its drive end drives the third gear 504 to rotate. Since the third gear 504 meshes with the gear ring 505 sleeved at the bottom of the dewatering sleeve 506, the rotation of the third gear 504 drives the gear ring 505 and the stirring plate 512 inside the dewatering sleeve 506 to rotate. When the wet waste is placed inside the dewatering sleeve 506, it will rotate with the dewatering sleeve 506. Under the action of centrifugal force, the water in the wet waste is thrown out and distributed through the annular array outside the dewatering sleeve 506. The water flows into the space between the second feed chamber 501 and the dewatering sleeve 506 through the drain hole 507, and is finally discharged through the drain pipe 508. After dewatering, the electric push rod machine 513 drives the baffle 511 to flip, thereby opening the discharge port 510 on the support plate 509, so that the dewatered dry waste is discharged from the discharge port 510. The whole process achieves efficient dewatering through gear transmission and centrifugal force, and the electric push rod machine 513 realizes the automatic control of the discharge, ensuring that the dewatering process is stable and continuous.

[0050] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the grabbing unit 70 includes a crane grab bucket.

[0051] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, channel 60 is configured as a Y-shaped pipe, with one side of the pipe connected to the feed end of the auger conveyor 30, and the other side of the pipe connected to the bottom of the first feed bin 401 and the bottom of the second feed bin 501 respectively.

[0052] The specific working process of this utility model is as follows:

[0053] (1) Shredding dry waste

[0054] First, the dry waste is grabbed by the crane grab bucket and placed into the first feed bin 401. Then, the first drive motor 402 is started, causing its drive end to drive the main shaft 403 to rotate. One end of the main shaft 403 is fixed to the drive end of the drive motor, and the other end extends to the outside and is coaxially fixed to the first gear 405. Since the first gear 405 meshes with the second gear 406, when the first gear 405 rotates with the main shaft 403, the second gear 406 rotates accordingly, driving the driven shaft 404, which is coaxially fixed with it, to rotate. The driven shaft 404 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the first feed bin 401 through a rotating shaft to ensure the stability of the rotation. At this time, the first crushing blade 407 sleeved on the outside of the main shaft 403 and the second crushing blade 408 sleeved on the outside of the driven shaft 404 rotate relative to each other under the drive of the main shaft 403 and the driven shaft 404, cutting and crushing the dry waste entering the first feed bin 401.

[0055] (2) Dehydrating wet waste

[0056] While crushing dry waste, the overhead crane grab can grab wet waste and place it into the dewatering sleeve 506 in the second feed bin 501. The second drive motor 502 drives the third gear 504 to rotate. Since the third gear 504 meshes with the toothed ring 505 sleeved at the bottom of the dewatering sleeve 506, the rotation of the third gear 504 drives the toothed ring 505 and the stirring plate 512 in the dewatering sleeve 506 to rotate. When the wet waste is placed in the dewatering sleeve 506, it will rotate with the dewatering sleeve 506. Under the action of centrifugal force, the water in the wet waste is thrown out and flows into the space between the second feed bin 501 and the dewatering sleeve 506 through the drainage holes 507 distributed in a ring array on the outside of the dewatering sleeve 506, and finally is discharged through the drainage pipe 508. After dewatering is completed, the electric push rod motor 513 drives the baffle 511 to flip, thereby opening the discharge port 510 on the bearing plate 509, so that the dewatered waste is discharged from the discharge port 510.

[0057] (3) Incineration decomposition

[0058] The crushed dry waste and the dehydrated wet waste are fed into the screw conveyor 30 through pipelines and then transported to the pyrolysis gasification furnace 10.

[0059] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A pretreatment device for waste decomposition, characterized in that, include: Pyrolysis gasification furnace; A support frame located on one side of the pyrolysis gasification furnace; A screw conveyor, which is mounted on a support frame and whose output end is connected to a pyrolysis gasification furnace; A crushing section, which is mounted on a support frame; The dehydration section is mounted on a support frame; The channel has one side connected to the feed end of the auger conveyor and the other side connected to the crushing section and the dewatering section respectively. The gripping section is located above the support frame, and is used to place dry waste into the crushing section and wet waste into the dehydration section.

2. The waste pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing unit includes a first feed bin, a first drive motor, a main shaft, a driven shaft, a first gear, a second gear, a first crushing blade, and a second crushing blade. The first feed bin is fixed on a support frame, and the first drive motor is fixed on the outside of the first feed bin. The drive end of the first drive motor passes through the first feed bin and extends into the interior of the first feed bin.

3. The waste pretreatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the main shaft is fixed to the drive end of the first drive motor, and the other end of the main shaft penetrates the first feed hopper and extends to the outside. The first gear is coaxially fixed to the other end of the main shaft, and the first crushing blade is sleeved on the outside of the main shaft.

4. The waste pretreatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second gear meshes with one side of the first gear. One end of the driven shaft is coaxially fixed to one side of the second gear, and the other end of the driven shaft passes through the first feed hopper and is rotatably connected to the side wall of the first feed hopper through a rotating shaft. The second crushing blade is sleeved on the outside of the driven shaft.

5. The waste pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dehydration unit includes a second feed bin, a second drive motor, an output shaft, a third gear, a gear ring, a dehydration sleeve, drain holes, a drain pipe, a support plate, a discharge port, a baffle, stirring blades, and an electric push rod. The second feed bin is located on one side of the first feed bin and is fixed on the support frame. The support plate is fixed between the side walls of the second feed bin. The bottom of the dehydration sleeve is rotatably connected to the support plate via a rotating shaft. The drain holes are arranged in a ring array on the outside of the dehydration sleeve. The stirring blades are arranged in a ring array on the inner wall of the dehydration sleeve. One end of the drain pipe connects the second feed bin and the dehydration sleeve.

6. The waste pretreatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The gear ring is fitted onto the bottom of the dewatering sleeve, the third gear meshes with one side of the gear ring, the second drive motor is fixed to the outside of the second feed hopper, and the drive end of the second drive motor extends between the second feed hopper and the dewatering sleeve and is coaxially fixed to the top of the gear.

7. A waste pretreatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The discharge port is located inside the support plate. One side of the baffle is rotatably connected to the side wall of the discharge port via a rotating shaft. One end of the electric push rod is fixed to the side wall of the second feed bin, and the drive end of the electric push rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the baffle via a rotating shaft.

8. The waste pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gripping unit includes a crane grab bucket.

9. A waste pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The channel is configured as a "Y"-shaped pipe, with one side of the pipe connected to the feed end of the auger conveyor, and the other side of the pipe connected to the bottom of the first feed bin and the bottom of the second feed bin respectively.

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