Efficient energy-saving and safe slag conveying device for incinerator grate bottom
By using a combination of a closed ash conveying box and a vibrating motor at the bottom of the incinerator grate, the problems of high maintenance costs and safety hazards of scraper conveyors have been solved, achieving efficient and energy-saving ash and slag conveying and reducing equipment failure rate and maintenance costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521495624.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-31
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-07-16
AI Technical Summary
The existing scraper conveyor at the bottom of the ash hopper of the incinerator grate has high maintenance costs, requires frequent maintenance, poses safety hazards, and is prone to failure, leading to boiler shutdowns and economic losses.
A closed strip conveyor box is used to replace the scraper conveyor. Combined with a primary air duct and a vibrating motor, the ash and slag are conveyed by air pressure and gravity, reducing the number of transmission devices and lowering the equipment failure rate.
It reduced maintenance costs, improved equipment safety and operating efficiency, reduced plant power consumption, and avoided boiler downtime losses due to equipment failure.
Smart Images
Figure CN224580279U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a high-efficiency, energy-saving, and safe slag conveying device at the bottom of an incinerator grate, belonging to the field of boilers. Background Technology
[0002] In my country's waste-to-energy plants, the incineration of waste produces fly ash and slag. Most of the slag enters the scraper conveyor through the ash hopper at the bottom of the grate. The scraper conveyor then transports this ash and slag to the slag remover, which then sends it into the slag bin to complete the slag treatment process after waste incineration.
[0003] The scraper conveyor at the bottom of the ash hopper requires annual maintenance and repair, resulting in substantial repair and parts costs. This is a significant expense. Most waste-to-energy plants in my country use this method for ash conveying, though the specific types vary, but are generally water-cooled, air-cooled, or ash-buried scraper conveyors.
[0004] A typical scraper conveyor consists of: 1. A square housing, bolted together. 2. A scraper chain inside the square housing. 3. Two wear-resistant guide rails on the upper and lower parts of the scraper chain. 4. At the front of the square housing, a motor drives a reducer to rotate, which in turn rotates the scraper chain inside the housing, scraping the ash and slag into the slag remover.
[0005] If the scraper conveyor chain breaks, the track is severely worn and cannot be used, or the box is damaged and leaks ash during operation, it needs to be repaired in time. Otherwise, prolonged shutdown will cause the ash hopper at the bottom of the grate to become full, and the slag cannot be transported to the slag bin in time, resulting in equipment shutdown and ultimately causing significant losses due to furnace shutdown.
[0006] The high temperature of the ash and slag can easily cause safety problems such as burns to maintenance personnel when processing and eliminating defects during operation.
[0007] If the ash hopper is clogged with ash and this is not detected for a long time, the ash and slag inside the hopper will clump together, making the treatment work more difficult.
[0008] Generally, there is a manhole on the top of this scraper conveyor. If the seal is not tight or the box body is worn thin by the scraper, leakage will occur, which will have an adverse impact on the workshop environment and pollute other equipment in the vicinity. Utility Model Content
[0009] This utility model provides a highly efficient, energy-saving, and safe slag conveying device at the bottom of the grate of an incinerator, which reduces plant power consumption, lowers maintenance costs, and ensures work efficiency.
[0010] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is a high-efficiency, energy-saving and safe slag conveying device at the bottom of the grate of an incinerator, including an incinerator grate and an ash hopper set at the bottom of the grate of the incinerator, and the slag discharge port of the ash hopper is connected to the slag conveying device.
[0011] The slag conveying device includes a strip-shaped ash conveying box, which is enclosed; the ash conveying box has an ash conveying channel inside, which extends along the length of the ash conveying box; the ash discharge port of the ash hopper is connected to the ash conveying channel inside the ash conveying box.
[0012] One end of the ash conveying box is the front end, and the other end is the tail end. The horizontal height of the front end of the ash conveying box is lower than that of the tail end. A vertical shaft is provided at the front end of the ash conveying box, and a slag removal machine is connected to the front end of the ash conveying box through the vertical shaft.
[0013] The optimized, energy-efficient and safe ash conveying device at the bottom of the incinerator grate has an arc-shaped inner bottom surface of the ash conveying box, with the arc shape being parallel to the length extension direction of the ash conveying box; the two side plates of the ash conveying box are flat plates.
[0014] The optimized, energy-efficient, and safe ash conveying device at the bottom of the incinerator grate includes a drying grate, a combustion grate, and a burnout grate arranged in sequence. The ash conveying box passes under the drying grate, the combustion grate, and the burnout grate in sequence and is connected to the drying grate, the combustion grate, and the burnout grate through an ash hopper.
[0015] The optimized, energy-efficient, and safe ash conveying device at the bottom of the incinerator grate has a connecting pipeline between the ash conveying box and the ash hopper discharge port, and the connecting pipeline connects the ash conveying box and the ash hopper discharge port; the middle section of the connecting pipeline has a flexible connection section.
[0016] The optimized, energy-efficient, and safe ash conveying device at the bottom of the incinerator grate has a primary air duct at the tail end of the ash conveying box. One end of the primary air duct is connected to the interior of the tail end of the ash conveying box, and the other end of the primary air duct is connected to the primary hot air outlet of the incinerator. An electric valve is provided in the middle section of the primary air duct.
[0017] The optimized, energy-efficient and safe ash conveying device at the bottom of the incinerator grate has a vibrating motor installed in the ash conveying box, with the vibrating motor located at the outer bottom of the ash conveying box.
[0018] The ash conveying box is equipped with several closable observation holes.
[0019] The optimized, energy-efficient, and safe ash conveying device at the bottom of the incinerator grate is connected to the side wall of the ash hopper via a second primary air duct at the bottom of the grate, which is connected to the interior of the ash hopper.
[0020] The optimized, energy-efficient, and safe slag conveying device at the bottom of the incinerator grate has a flap valve in the middle section of the connecting pipeline.
[0021] The advantages of this application are:
[0022] The technical solution of this application replaces the original scraper mechanism at the bottom of the ash hopper of the incinerator grate, thus solving the problem of high maintenance costs of existing scraper conveyors at the bottom of the ash hopper. The original scraper conveyor's power source, such as the reducer and motor, is no longer needed, reducing plant power consumption, lowering maintenance costs, saving energy, and reducing noise in the workshop. Furthermore, the structure of this application is simple, safe to use, and has a lower failure rate than the original scraper mechanism, saving on annual spare parts costs during scraper conveyor maintenance, improving equipment safety during operation, and reducing economic losses caused by boiler downtime due to equipment failure. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application;
[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ash conveying box of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The technical features of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0026] As shown in the figure, this utility model is a high-efficiency, energy-saving, and safe ash conveying device at the bottom of an incinerator grate, including an incinerator grate and an ash hopper 1 located at the bottom of the incinerator grate. The ash discharge port of the ash hopper 1 is connected to the ash conveying device. In this application, the ash conveying device replaces the scraper mechanism in the prior art for ash conveying operations.
[0027] In this application, the slag conveying device includes a strip-shaped ash conveying box 2, which is enclosed. In one embodiment of this application, the ash conveying box 2 is entirely sealed by welding iron plates, and the interior is a hollow cavity without any transmission device. The ash conveying box 2 is a box with an arc-shaped bottom and straight sides, with an arc bottom of φ500 mm and a straight side height of 300 mm.
[0028] The ash conveying box 2 has a slag conveying channel inside, which extends along the length of the ash conveying box 2. The slag discharge port of the ash hopper 1 is connected to the slag conveying channel inside the ash conveying box 2.
[0029] In one embodiment of this application, a connecting pipe is provided between the ash conveying box 2 and the ash hopper 1 at their discharge ports. A flap valve 102 is located in the middle section of the connecting pipe, and the ash conveying box 2 and the ash hopper 1 are connected via the connecting pipe. The middle section of the connecting pipe has a flexible connection section. The flexible connection section can absorb the expansion and contraction caused by future thermal expansion and contraction of the equipment. It can also absorb vibration and reduce vibration transmission.
[0030] One end of the ash conveying box 2 is the front end, and the other end of the ash conveying box 2 is the tail end. The horizontal height of the front end of the ash conveying box 2 is lower than the horizontal height of the tail end of the ash conveying box 2.
[0031] In one embodiment of this application, a vertical shaft 201 is provided at the front end of the ash conveying box 2, and a slag remover 3 is connected to the front end of the ash conveying box 2 through the vertical shaft 201. The ash conveying box 2 is arranged obliquely upward at a 27-degree angle. After the ash and slag enter the ash conveying box 2, they flow into the slag remover 3 at the bottom of the ash conveying box 2 under the action of gravity due to the 27-degree angle, and finally enter the slag bin.
[0032] A small observation port is installed in shaft 201 to facilitate future inspections and observation of the ash conveying status of the box.
[0033] In one embodiment of this application, the grate of the incinerator includes a drying grate 401, a combustion grate 402, and a burnout grate 403 arranged in sequence. The bottom of the drying grate 401, the combustion grate 402, and the burnout grate 403 each has one to three ash hoppers 1, and these ash hoppers 1 are connected to the interior of the ash conveying box 2 through connecting pipes.
[0034] The ash conveying box 2 is used to receive the ash falling from the drying grate 401, the combustion grate 402, and the burnout grate 403, so the ash conveying box 2 passes under the drying grate 401, the combustion grate 402, and the burnout grate 403 in sequence.
[0035] In one embodiment of this application, the tail end of the ash conveying box 2 has a primary air duct 202. One end of the primary air duct 202 is connected to the interior of the tail end of the ash conveying box 2, and the other end of the primary air duct 202 is connected to the primary hot air outlet of the incinerator. An electric valve is provided in the middle section of the primary air duct 202.
[0036] In one embodiment, a vibration motor 203 is installed in the ash conveying box 2, and the vibration motor 203 is located at the outer bottom of the ash conveying box 2. The ash conveying box 2 is provided with several closable observation holes 204. The observation holes 204 are in the form of manhole doors, and multiple observation holes 204 are provided, one at each position on the ash conveying box 2 corresponding to each ash hopper 1. The observation holes 204 are required to be well sealed.
[0037] The side wall of the ash hopper 1 is connected to the bottom primary air duct 2 101 of the grate, and the bottom primary air duct 2 101 of the grate is connected to the interior of the ash hopper 1.
[0038] In one embodiment of this application, the flap valve 102 at the connection position between the lower part of the ash hopper 1 and the ash conveying box 2 is set to open once every 2 minutes, with an opening time of 100 seconds. Figure 1 The flap valves 102 under the six ash hoppers 1 open and close one by one, so that the ash and slag in the ash hopper 1 can enter the ash conveying box 2 in a timely manner. The ash conveying box 2 flows into the slag removal machine at the bottom of the ash conveying box 2 under the action of gravity due to the 27° angle, and finally enters the slag bin.
[0039] The existing incinerators have a hot air pipe in the ash hopper 1 at the bottom of the grate to heat the waste. When the flap valve 102 is opened, the air pressure of the primary air will blow the ash in the ash hopper 1 into the ash conveying box 2 to provide ash conveying power. The ash residue can also enter the ash conveying box 2 by gravity.
[0040] If the ash conveying is obstructed, the vibration motor 203 can be turned on to vibrate and convey the ash. Alternatively, the ash can be conveyed by the primary air at the tail end of the ash conveying box 2.
[0041] In one embodiment of this application, in order to prevent ash from accumulating in the ash hopper 1, a manual crank detection device can be installed on the ash hopper 1 to confirm whether the ash hopper is blocked by turning the crank during each shift's operation and inspection.
[0042] To prevent ash blockage in the ash conveying box 2, the opening and closing time of the flap valve 102 at the bottom of the ash hopper 1 needs to be set so that the accumulated ash can be conveyed away in time. The setting of this time needs to be confirmed through system debugging, summarizing, exploration and testing, and the daily opening and closing cycle time.
[0043] When ash blockage occurs, the vibration motor 203 on the ash conveying box 2 can be turned on to achieve vibration ash conveying and avoid ash blockage. Alternatively, the primary air valve at the tail of the ash conveying box 2 can be opened to use the primary air pressure as power to blow ash from the tail of the box for ash conveying.
[0044] Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present utility model, nor is the present utility model limited to the examples given above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present utility model should be protected by the present utility model.
Claims
1. A high-efficiency, energy-saving, and safe ash conveying device at the bottom of an incinerator grate, comprising an incinerator grate and an ash hopper (1) disposed at the bottom of the incinerator grate, wherein the ash discharge port of the ash hopper (1) is connected to the ash conveying device; characterized in that: The slag conveying device includes a strip-shaped ash conveying box (2), which is enclosed; the ash conveying box (2) has a slag conveying channel inside, which extends along the length of the ash conveying box (2); the slag discharge port of the ash hopper (1) is connected to the slag conveying channel inside the ash conveying box (2); One end of the ash conveying box (2) is the front end, and the other end of the ash conveying box (2) is the tail end. The horizontal height of the front end of the ash conveying box (2) is lower than the horizontal height of the tail end of the ash conveying box (2). A vertical shaft (201) is provided at the front end of the ash conveying box (2), and a slag remover (3) is connected to the front end of the ash conveying box (2) through the vertical shaft (201).
2. The high-efficient, energy-saving and safe slag conveying device for the grate bottom of an incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the ash conveying box (2) is arc-shaped and the arc is parallel to the length extension direction of the ash conveying box (2); the two side plates of the ash conveying box (2) are flat plates.
3. The high-efficient, energy-saving and safe slag conveying device for the grate bottom of an incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The incinerator grate includes a drying grate (401), a combustion grate (402), and a burnout grate (403) arranged in sequence; the ash conveying box (2) passes under the drying grate (401), the combustion grate (402), and the burnout grate (403) in sequence and is connected to the drying grate (401), the combustion grate (402), and the burnout grate (403) through the ash hopper (1).
4. The high-efficient, energy-saving and safe slag conveying device for the grate bottom of an incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ash conveying box (2) and the ash hopper (1) are connected by a connecting pipe, and the ash conveying box (2) and the ash hopper (1) are connected by a connecting pipe; the middle section of the connecting pipe has a flexible connection section.
5. The high-efficient, energy-saving and safe slag conveying device for the grate bottom of an incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail end of the ash conveying box (2) has a primary air duct (202), one end of which is connected to the interior of the tail end of the ash conveying box (2), and the other end of which is connected to the primary hot air outlet of the incinerator; the middle section of the primary air duct (202) has an electric valve.
6. The high-efficient, energy-saving and safe slag conveying device for the grate bottom of an incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ash conveying box (2) is equipped with a vibration motor (203), which is located at the bottom outer part of the ash conveying box (2); The ash conveying box (2) is provided with several closable observation holes (204).
7. The high-efficient, energy-saving and safe slag conveying device for the grate bottom of an incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the ash hopper (1) is connected to the bottom primary air duct (101) of the grate, and the bottom primary air duct (101) of the grate is connected to the inside of the ash hopper (1).
8. The high-efficient, energy-saving and safe slag conveying device for the grate bottom of an incinerator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The middle section of the connecting pipeline has a flap valve (102).