A tooling for detecting the perpendicularity of small shaft-type workpieces.

Abstract

This utility model discloses a fixture for detecting the perpendicularity of small shaft-type workpieces. It includes a work platform with a clamping assembly for holding and positioning the shaft-type workpiece, and a detection assembly for detecting the perpendicularity of the workpiece. The detection assembly includes a dial indicator and a base for mounting the dial indicator. The clamping assembly includes a stop and a mounting block. The mounting block has a vertically penetrating mounting groove near the stop for mounting the shaft-type workpiece. A first drive assembly is provided on the mounting block. Several elastic elements are provided on the stop facing the mounting groove to press the shaft-type workpiece against the inner wall of the mounting groove. This utility model, by setting a vertically penetrating mounting groove on the mounting block, and combining it with the elastic elements and the first drive assembly on the stop side, forms an adjustable and automatically fitting clamping structure, achieving rapid limiting, stable positioning, and efficient perpendicularity detection for small end-cap type shaft-type workpieces, effectively improving detection efficiency and repeatability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of perpendicularity detection technology for shaft workpieces, and in particular to a tooling for detecting the perpendicularity of small shaft workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of mechanical manufacturing, shaft parts, as common rotating or supporting components, have a direct impact on the assembly quality and motion performance of the entire machine due to their perpendicularity accuracy. This is especially true for small shaft parts, which, due to their precise dimensions and compact structure, place higher demands on the efficiency and accuracy of inspection methods. Currently, the perpendicularity inspection of small shaft parts commonly employs high-precision equipment such as optical projectors, coordinate measuring machines, or laser scanning systems. However, these devices are not only costly and bulky, but also cumbersome to operate and have long inspection cycles, making it difficult to meet the needs of online, efficient inspection of small parts that require rapid and frequent replacement in production settings. Particularly in actual production, there exists a type of small shaft workpiece with a specific structure: the "end-cap type shaft part." This type of workpiece typically includes a shaft extending vertically, with a laterally extending end cap connected to its upper end via threads or an interference fit, forming a "T" shape in its overall structure. When inspecting the perpendicularity of this type of workpiece, it is necessary to ensure that the shaft is perpendicular to the reference plane along its axial direction, and also to ensure that the end cap can stably fit against the fixed platform during the inspection process, providing reliable reference positioning. However, traditional detection methods are inadequate in terms of positioning, clamping, and replacement efficiency, and are prone to problems such as unstable positioning, large measurement errors, and complex replacement processes.

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, there is an urgent need for a specialized tooling that is simple in structure, quick to clamp, reliably positioned, and capable of rapid inspection. This patent provides a tooling for inspecting the perpendicularity of small end-cap type shaft parts. This structure effectively overcomes the shortcomings of existing inspection methods, such as reliance on large equipment, low efficiency, and complex operation. It has advantages such as high positioning accuracy, fast clamping, and high inspection efficiency, and is particularly suitable for the need for rapid on-site or batch perpendicularity inspection of end-cap type shaft parts. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tooling for detecting the perpendicularity of small shaft-type workpieces.

[0005] The innovation of this utility model lies in setting a vertical through-hole mounting groove on the mounting block, and in conjunction with the elastic element and the first drive component located on the side of the stop block, forming an adjustable and automatically fitting clamping structure, which realizes rapid limiting, stable positioning and efficient perpendicularity detection of small end cap type shaft workpieces, effectively improving detection efficiency and repeatability accuracy.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned utility model objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is: a tooling for detecting the perpendicularity of small shaft-type workpieces, comprising a working platform, characterized in that the working platform is provided with a clamping assembly for clamping and positioning the shaft-type workpiece, and the working platform is also provided with a detection assembly for detecting the perpendicularity of the shaft-type workpiece, the detection assembly including a dial indicator and a base for mounting the dial indicator, the dial indicator including a dial head for displaying detection data and a contact for measuring the difference between the highest and lowest points of the workpiece's detected surface to determine perpendicularity, the clamping assembly including a stop block and a mounting block, the mounting block having a vertically penetrating mounting groove for mounting the shaft-type workpiece on the side near the stop block, the mounting block having a first driving assembly for driving the mounting block closer to or away from the stop block, and the stop block having a plurality of elastic elements on the side facing the mounting groove for pressing the shaft-type workpiece against the inner wall of the mounting groove. By setting up clamping and detection components, shaft-type workpieces can be quickly clamped, stably positioned, and efficiently inspected for perpendicularity on the work platform. The mounting groove, in conjunction with the elastic element, can automatically conform to the workpiece surface, improving positioning accuracy and clamping stability, and significantly enhancing detection efficiency and consistency of repeatable measurements.

[0007] Furthermore, the first drive assembly is a lead screw mechanism, which includes a lead screw and a first motor that drives the lead screw to rotate. A movable block that can reciprocate along the lead screw is helically connected to the lead screw. The mounting block is fixed to the upper surface of the movable block, and the stop block is fixed to one end of the first drive assembly. By using the lead screw mechanism to drive the mounting block to move relative to the stop block, the automatic clamping and loosening of shaft-type workpieces is achieved, simplifying the manual clamping operation process, improving the automation level of the inspection process, and effectively shortening the inspection time for a single piece. At the same time, the lead screw mechanism can adapt to shaft-type workpieces of different sizes to adjust the position of the mounting block.

[0008] Furthermore, linear guide rails are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lead screw, and a slider that is slidably connected to the linear guide rails is provided at the bottom of the moving block. The addition of linear guide rails and the slider slidably connected to them makes the lead screw mechanism more stable during movement, avoids lateral swaying, improves the moving accuracy of the mounting block, and thus further enhances the clamping stability of shaft-type workpieces.

[0009] Furthermore, the mounting groove is a V-groove. By setting the mounting groove to a V-groove structure, the shaft-type workpiece can self-center upon insertion, improving the initial positioning accuracy. Simultaneously, when used in conjunction with an elastic element, it achieves a more secure clamping effect.

[0010] Furthermore, the dial indicator base is a magnetic base. Using a magnetic base to mount the dial indicator allows for flexible arrangement and convenient installation of the testing components, while also enhancing the stability of the base on the work platform and improving the reliability of the measurement process.

[0011] Furthermore, a second drive assembly is provided between the detection assembly and the working platform, arranged perpendicularly to the first drive assembly. The second drive assembly includes a linear guide rail, a sliding seat slidably connected to the linear guide rail, and a second motor that drives the sliding seat to move along the linear guide rail. The detection assembly is mounted on the sliding seat. Adding a second drive assembly, horizontally arranged on the worktable and perpendicular to the first drive assembly, allows the detection assembly to move along the driving direction of the second drive assembly, improving the applicability and accuracy of verticality detection.

[0012] Furthermore, the elastic element is a spring sheet or a spring pin, which is vertically positioned at the center line of the side of the stop block. The force applied by the elastic element to the shaft-like workpiece is directly opposite the bottom line of the mounting groove. By vertically positioning the spring sheet or spring pin at the center line of the side of the stop block and ensuring that its force application direction is directly opposite the bottom line of the mounting groove, the shaft-like workpiece is subjected to uniform force during clamping, resulting in more reliable positioning and avoiding errors caused by loosening during measurement.

[0013] Furthermore, the working platform is also equipped with a third drive assembly. The third drive assembly includes a cylinder that pushes the first drive assembly to move perpendicularly to its direction of movement, and a guide rail fixed to the working platform and parallel to the cylinder's direction of movement. The bottom of the first drive assembly is slidably connected to the guide rail. Adding the third drive assembly further broadens the applicability of the clamping assembly, enabling the detection of the perpendicularity of shaft-type workpieces while the detection assembly is fixed.

[0014] Furthermore, both the inner surface of the mounting groove and the top surface of the mounting block are provided with a wear-resistant layer, which is a hard alloy plating or a ceramic coating. By providing the wear-resistant layer on the inner surface of the mounting groove and the top surface of the mounting block, the wear resistance of the contact area is enhanced during long-term clamping and positioning, extending the service life of the tooling, maintaining the stability of the positioning reference surface, and ensuring detection accuracy.

[0015] Furthermore, the working platform is made of cast iron. Using cast iron to construct the working platform results in high overall structural stability and strong seismic resistance, effectively reducing the impact of external interference on the test results and improving the overall rigidity and stability of the tooling.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: by setting a vertical through mounting groove on the mounting block, and cooperating with the elastic element and the first drive component on the side of the stop block, an adjustable and automatically fitting clamping structure is formed, which realizes rapid limiting, stable positioning and efficient perpendicularity detection of small end cap type shaft workpieces, effectively improving detection efficiency and repeatability accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the shaft-type workpiece according to this utility model.

[0019] In the picture:

[0020] 1. Working platform; 2. Clamping assembly; 21. Stop block; 22. Mounting block; 23. Mounting slot; 25. Elastic element; 3. Detection assembly; 31. Dial indicator; 32. Indicator base; 4. Drive assembly No. 1; 41. Lead screw; 42. Motor No. 1; 43. Moving block; 44. Linear guide rail; 45. Slider; 5. Drive assembly No. 2; 51. Linear guide rail; 52. Sliding seat; 53. Motor No. 2; 6. Drive assembly No. 3; 61. Cylinder; 62. Guide rail. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Example: Figure 1 , 2As shown, a tooling for detecting the perpendicularity of small shaft-type workpieces includes a work platform 1. The work platform 1 is provided with a clamping assembly 2 for clamping and positioning the shaft-type workpiece. The work platform 1 is also provided with a detection assembly 3 for detecting the perpendicularity of the shaft-type workpiece. The detection assembly 3 includes a dial indicator 31 and a base 32 for mounting the dial indicator 31. The dial indicator 31 includes a head for displaying detection data and a contact for measuring the difference between the highest and lowest points of the surface being tested on the workpiece to determine the perpendicularity. The clamping assembly 2 includes a stop block 21 and a mounting block 22. The mounting block 22 has a vertically penetrating mounting groove 23 on the side near the stop block 21 for mounting the shaft-type workpiece. The mounting block 22 is provided with a first drive assembly 4 for driving the mounting block 22 closer to or away from the stop block 21. The stop block 21 has several elastic elements 25 on the side facing the mounting groove 23 for pressing the shaft-type workpiece against the inner wall of the mounting groove 23. The first drive assembly 4 is a lead screw mechanism, which includes a lead screw 41 and a first motor 42 that drives the lead screw 41 to rotate. A movable block 43 that can reciprocate along the lead screw 41 is helically connected to the lead screw 41. A mounting block 22 is fixed to the upper surface of the movable block 42, and a stop block 21 is fixed to one end of the first drive assembly 4. Linear guide rails 44 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lead screw 41, and a slider 45 that is slidably connected to the linear guide rails 44 is provided at the bottom of the movable block 42. The mounting groove 23 is a V-groove. The dial indicator 32 is a magnetic dial indicator. A second drive assembly 5 is arranged perpendicularly to the first drive assembly 4 between the detection assembly 3 and the working platform 1. The second drive assembly 5 includes a linear guide rail 51, a sliding seat 52 that is slidably connected to the linear guide rail 51, and a second motor 53 that drives the sliding seat 52 to move on the linear guide rail 51. The detection assembly 3 is mounted on the sliding seat 52. The elastic element 25 is a spring sheet or spring pin, vertically positioned at the center line of the side of the stop block 21. The force exerted by the elastic element 25 on the shaft-like workpiece is directly opposite the bottom line of the mounting groove 23. The work platform 1 is also equipped with a third drive assembly 6, which includes a cylinder 61 that pushes the first drive assembly 4 to move perpendicularly to its direction of motion, and a guide rail 62 fixed to the work platform 1 and parallel to the direction of motion of the cylinder 61. The bottom of the first drive assembly 4 is slidably connected to the guide rail 62. Both the inner surface of the mounting groove 23 and the top surface of the mounting block 22 are provided with a wear-resistant layer, which is a hard alloy plating or ceramic coating. The work platform 1 is made of cast iron.

[0023] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: When using this fixture to test the perpendicularity of a small end cap type shaft workpiece, the operator first holds the shaft workpiece to be tested and inserts it vertically into the mounting groove 23 on the mounting block 22. The structural features of this shaft workpiece are: a shaft extending vertically, with an end cap extending horizontally connected to its upper end, forming an overall "T" shape; during insertion, the operator inserts the shaft into the mounting groove 23, which is a V-shaped groove, and the surface of the shaft initially fits against the two inner walls of the V-shaped groove, achieving self-positioning; at the same time, the bottom surface of the horizontal end cap of the T-shaped part is attached to the upper surface of the mounting block 22, making the end cap part the reference surface for perpendicularity testing, ensuring an accurate and stable vertical positioning relationship between the shaft and the working platform 1; subsequently, the first motor 42 in the first drive assembly 4 is turned on, causing the lead screw 41 to rotate, driving the mounting block 22 to slowly move towards the stop block 21. As the mounting block 22 moves, several elastic elements 25 on one side of the stop block 21 gradually press against one side of the shaft. The elastic elements 25 are evenly distributed along the center line of the side of the stop block 21, with the force applied directly to the bottom line of the V-groove. The elastic elements 25 conform to the curved surface of the workpiece, achieving multi-point contact and self-adaptive limiting clamping. During clamping, the workpiece shaft is clamped by the V-groove and the elastic elements, forming a reliable positioning to ensure no loosening or wobble. After clamping is completed, the inspection stage begins. At this time, the following two detection methods can be used: Detection method one: The operator keeps the workpiece in a fixed state and drives the second motor 53 in the second drive assembly 5 to move the dial indicator 31 along the driving direction perpendicular to the first drive assembly 4. The sliding seat 52 drives the seat 32 and the dial indicator 31 contact to slide over the surface of the T-shaped part end cover. By recording the maximum and minimum values ​​of the dial indicator reading, the height difference of the upper surface of the end cover is obtained, and then the perpendicularity of the shaft relative to the end cover is calculated. Detection method two: Alternatively, the detection assembly 3 can be kept stationary, and the cylinder 61 of the third drive assembly 6 can be driven to push the first drive assembly 4 to reciprocate along the guide rail 62. At this time, the surface of the T-shaped part end cover contacts the dial indicator 31 contact. By recording the maximum and minimum values ​​of the dial indicator reading, the height difference of the upper surface of the end cover is obtained, and then the perpendicularity of the shaft relative to the end cover is calculated. This method is suitable for repeated measurement operations of the dial indicator 31 in a specific position, and is especially suitable for standardized batch inspection processes. After the inspection is completed, the No. 1 motor 42 can be started to reverse the lead screw, the operator lifts the workpiece, the mounting block 22 retracts, at which point the elastic element 25 automatically releases its elastic force, the workpiece clamping force is eliminated, and one inspection ends. When inspecting T-shaped shaft workpieces of the same size in batches, the workpiece can be pulled upwards directly under the action of the elastic element 25, realizing quick replacement. The whole process does not require tools, the operation is simple and convenient, and the inspection efficiency is greatly improved. It is especially suitable for the batch rapid inspection needs of multiple small shaft workpieces on the production site. When inspecting shaft workpieces of different sizes, the No. 1 motor 42 drives the mounting block 22 to move closer to or away from the stop block 21 to achieve clamping of workpieces of different sizes.

[0024] In summary, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A fixture for detecting the perpendicularity of small shaft-type workpieces, comprising a working platform, characterized in that, The working platform is equipped with a clamping assembly for clamping and positioning shaft-type workpieces. The working platform is also equipped with a detection assembly for detecting the perpendicularity of shaft-type workpieces. The detection assembly includes a dial indicator and a base for mounting the dial indicator. The dial indicator includes a head for displaying detection data and a contact for measuring the difference between the highest and lowest points of the workpiece's surface to determine perpendicularity. The clamping assembly includes a stop block and a mounting block. The mounting block has a vertically penetrating mounting groove on the side near the stop block for mounting shaft-type workpieces. The mounting block has a first driving assembly for driving the mounting block closer to or away from the stop block. The side of the stop block facing the mounting groove has several elastic elements for pressing the shaft-type workpiece against the inner wall of the mounting groove.

2. The tooling for detecting the perpendicularity of small shaft-type workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first drive assembly is a lead screw mechanism, which includes a lead screw and a first motor that drives the lead screw to rotate. A movable block that can reciprocate along the lead screw is helically connected to the lead screw. The mounting block is fixed to the upper surface of the movable block, and the stop block is fixed to one end of the first drive assembly.

3. The tooling for detecting the perpendicularity of small shaft-type workpieces according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lead screw is provided with linear guide rails symmetrically on both sides, and the bottom of the moving block is provided with a slider that is slidably connected to the linear guide rails.

4. The tooling for detecting the perpendicularity of small shaft-type workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting groove is a V-shaped groove.

5. The tooling for detecting the perpendicularity of small shaft-type workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base is a magnetic base.

6. The tooling for detecting the perpendicularity of small shaft-type workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second drive component is provided between the detection component and the working platform, which is arranged perpendicularly to the first drive component. The second drive component includes a linear guide rail, a sliding seat slidably connected to the linear guide rail, and a second motor that drives the sliding seat to move on the linear guide rail. The detection component is mounted on the sliding seat.

7. The tooling for detecting the perpendicularity of small shaft-type workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic element is a spring sheet or a spring pin. The elastic element is vertically arranged at the center line of the side of the stop block. The force applied by the elastic element to the shaft workpiece is directly opposite the bottom line of the mounting groove.

8. The tooling for detecting the perpendicularity of small shaft-type workpieces according to claim 2, characterized in that, The working platform is also equipped with a third drive assembly, which includes a cylinder that pushes the first drive assembly to move in a direction perpendicular to its direction of movement, and a guide rail fixed on the working platform and parallel to the direction of movement of the cylinder. The bottom of the first drive assembly is slidably connected to the guide rail.

9. The tooling for detecting the perpendicularity of small shaft-type workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner surface of the mounting groove and the top surface of the mounting block are both provided with a wear-resistant layer, which is a hard alloy plating or a ceramic coating.

10. The tooling for detecting the perpendicularity of small shaft-type workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The work platform is made of cast iron.

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