A rapid dry slide staining device for detecting human budding protozoa

Abstract

This utility model discloses a rapid dry slide staining device for detecting human budding protozoa, belonging to the technical field of medical testing equipment. The device includes a housing, which is divided into a drying area and a staining area by a central partition. The drying area is equipped with multiple heating elements and ventilation holes, while the staining area has staining and rinsing nozzles. A fixed slide rail runs through both areas, with an internal lead screw. A movable seat on the lead screw is connected to a smear holder via a magnetic hole, allowing the smear holder to move between the two areas. Automatic control is achieved in conjunction with an infrared sensor, a liquid pump control module, and a timer. The smear holder holds the sample smear through a V-shaped groove, with a front-end retaining strip to prevent detachment. The bottom of the staining area is inclined and equipped with a waste liquid collection tank. This utility model integrates staining, rinsing, and drying into a fully automated operation, meeting the needs of large-scale testing at the grassroots level. The smear holder is easy to load and unload, the heating temperature is controllable, and the testing efficiency is significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of medical testing equipment technology, specifically relating to a rapid dry slide staining device for detecting human budding protozoa. Background Technology

[0002] Blastocystis hominis is a globally distributed intestinal parasitic protozoan that primarily parasitizes the ileocecal region of humans and primates, but can also infect various animals such as pigs, dogs, and cats.

[0003] Current mainstream detection technologies have several shortcomings: traditional microscopic methods (such as direct smears, iodine staining, and centrifugation) are cumbersome (taking more than 30 minutes), have many influencing factors, low detection rates, and poor repeatability; molecular detection methods (PCR / RPA), while highly sensitive, rely on expensive equipment (PCR instruments cost 100,000-500,000 yuan each), cold chain preservation, and complex sample pretreatment (taking more than 1 hour), with a single reagent cost of 30-50 yuan, making it difficult to popularize in primary care settings. For primary healthcare institutions, traditional microscopic methods are still used for testing, but the preparation of sample smears before testing is still done manually, which cannot meet the rapid, large-scale production needs of primary healthcare settings. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the problems mentioned above, this invention proposes a rapid dry slide staining device for detecting human budding protozoa. The device is divided into a drying zone and a staining zone. The drying zone is equipped with a multi-layer slide holder that holds multiple sample slides, and multiple heating elements combined with ventilation holes are used to heat and dry the sample slides. The staining zone is equipped with staining nozzles and rinsing nozzles, which are used to stain the sample slides and then rinse them. A moving base and a lead screw drive the sample slides to move between the drying zone and the staining zone, enabling automatic staining and drying.

[0005] To achieve the above technical objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution: A rapid dry slide staining device for detecting human budding protozoa, comprising a box body with an opening at the front and hinged movable doors on the left and right sides. The interior of the box body is divided into two equal areas by a central partition, with the right side being the dry slide area and the left side being the staining area. Several horizontal heating elements perpendicular to the rear wall of the box body are installed inside the right side area. These heating elements can heat the slides when energized. Horizontal fixed slide rails are installed on the rear wall of the box body between each pair of heating elements, and these fixed slide rails pass through the central partition. The plate extends to the left side of the box body. The fixed slide rail includes two parallel sides. A lead screw is installed inside the fixed slide rail. The left and right ends of the lead screw are mounted on the box body through bearings, and a motor is coaxially connected to the right end of the lead screw. A movable seat is threaded onto the lead screw. The movable seat can slide left and right along the fixed slide rail when the lead screw rotates. A magnetic suction hole is provided on the movable seat. A smear holder can be detachably attached through the magnetic suction hole. Sample smears can be placed on the smear holder. A fixed rod of the same height is installed at the front end corresponding to the lower side of the fixed slide rail. This rod can support the front end of the smear holder and facilitate the removal of the smear holder. The central partition has holes through which both the movable seat and the smear holder can pass. Several staining nozzles are vertically installed at the opening on the left side of the central partition. These nozzles are connected by conduits, and each row has a staining solution pump at its front end. A mixing tank is installed at the bottom of the housing, connected to the staining solution pump via a conduit. A first staining solution tank and a second staining solution tank are connected to the right side of the mixing tank via conduits. Both the first and second staining solution tanks have built-in micro-pumps, controlled by a first switch and a second switch respectively. Each tank is also individually connected to a staining solution pump via a conduit, allowing selection of either the first or second staining solution as needed. A rinsing nozzle with the same structure is installed on the left side of the staining nozzles. These nozzles are interconnected by conduits, and a rinsing solution pump is installed at their front end. A water tank is installed at the bottom of the housing, connected to the rinsing solution pump via a conduit.

[0006] Furthermore, a liquid pump control module is installed on the left side inside the box, and several infrared sensors are installed on the front side of the opening on the middle partition. The infrared sensors are connected to the liquid pump control module. When the smear rack passes through the middle partition, the infrared sensors can detect the moving rack and start the staining liquid pump through the liquid pump control module, and stain the sample smear on the moving rack through the staining nozzle. A staining timer is installed on the front side of the box. The staining timer can be set for staining time, and the motor is started at the same time as the time ends. The motor moves the stained sample smear to the dry smear area and rinses the sample smear while moving it. A temperature control module is installed on the right side inside the chamber. Temperature sensors are installed on the corresponding side walls of the chamber between the heating elements. The temperature sensors monitor the temperature and feed the signal back to the temperature control module. The temperature control module can control the heating elements and adjust them according to the temperature inside the chamber. A heating timer is installed on the front side of the enclosure, which can set the heating time and turn off the temperature control module and heating element after the time is up. Furthermore, the smear holder has several locking rods distributed front and back. The two sides of the locking rods are V-shaped grooves, and the distance between each locking rod is equal to the width of the sample smear. The sample smear can be horizontally locked by the corresponding locking rods. The front end of the smear holder is equipped with a detachable locking strip to fix the sample smear and prevent the sample smear from sliding forward.

[0007] Furthermore, a through ventilation hole is provided on the rear surface of the right part of the housing, corresponding to the position between the heating elements.

[0008] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the left side of the box is inclined and a waste liquid collection tank is installed to collect waste liquid from the dyeing area.

[0009] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. The slide holder is automatically moved between the staining area and the drying area by a lead screw driven moving seat. In conjunction with an infrared sensor, the staining solution pump is triggered to stain the sample slide. After the staining timer ends, the rinsing solution pump and motor are activated to complete rinsing as the slide holder moves to the drying area. Then, the sample slide is quickly dried by a heating plate and ventilation holes. The traditional manual staining, rinsing and drying process is integrated into a fully automatic continuous operation to meet the needs of large-scale testing at the grassroots level.

[0010] 2. The drying area adopts a multi-layer parallel heating element layout, combined with a temperature sensor to monitor in real time and feed the data back to the temperature control module to dynamically adjust the heating temperature; the heating timer automatically shuts off the heating system after the drying time is set.

[0011] 3. The smear holder can be quickly loaded and unloaded through magnetic holes, and its V-shaped groove locking rod can accurately fix the sample smear. The front end has a detachable locking strip to prevent slippage. The bottom surface of the staining area is designed to guide waste liquid into the collection tank, which is suitable for the simple operation requirements of primary medical scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 2 This is an internal front view of Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal installation structure of Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged diagram of part A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the coating holder structure of Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0014] The structural names represented by the labels in the attached diagram are as follows: 1-Box body, 101-Fixed slide rail, 102-Fixed rod, 103-Temperature control module, 104-Liquid pump control module, 105-Ventilation hole, 106-Central partition, 107-Infrared sensor, 2-Heating element, 201-Temperature sensor, 3-Lead screw, 301-Motor, 4-Moving seat, 401-Magnetic suction hole, 5-Smear holder, 501-Snap-fit ​​rod, 502-Snap-fit ​​strip, 6-Dyeing nozzle, 601-Dyeing solution pump, 602-Mixing tank, 7-Rinsing nozzle, 701-Rinsing solution pump, 702-Water tank, 8-First dyeing solution tank, 801-First switch, 9-Second dyeing solution tank, 901-Second switch, 10-Heating timer, 11-Dyeing timer, 12-Waste liquid collection tank. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Example

[0016] See Figures 1 to 6As shown, a rapid dry smear staining device for detecting human budding protozoa is proposed, comprising a housing 1. The housing 1 has an opening at the front and hinged doors on both sides for easy loading and unloading of sample smears. The interior of the housing 1 is divided into two equal areas by a central partition 106: the right side is the dry smear area, and the left side is the staining area. Several horizontal heating elements 2, perpendicular to the rear wall of the housing 1, are installed inside the right side area of ​​the housing 1. These heating elements 2, when energized, heat the sample smears to dry them. The heating elements 2 are made of nickel-chromium alloy heating wire to ensure rapid and uniform heating. A horizontal fixed slide rail 101 is installed on the rear wall of the housing 1 between each pair of heating elements 2. The fixed slide rail 101 consists of two parallel sides, passes through the central partition 106, and extends to the left side of the housing 1, providing sliding guidance. A lead screw 3 is installed inside the fixed slide rail 101. The left and right ends of the lead screw 3 are mounted on the housing 1 via bearings, and a motor 301 is coaxially connected to the right end of the lead screw 3. The motor 301 drives the lead screw 3 to rotate, controlling its movement. A movable seat 4 is threaded onto the lead screw 3. The movable seat 4 can slide left and right along the fixed slide rail 101 when the lead screw 3 rotates, realizing the transfer of the sample smear between the dry area and the staining area. A magnetic suction hole 401 is provided on the movable seat 4, through which a smear holder 5 can be detachably snapped together for quick loading and unloading. Sample smears can be placed on the smear holder 5. Several locking rods 501 are distributed front and back on the smear holder 5. The two sides of the locking rods 501 are V-shaped grooves, and the distance between each locking rod 501 is equal to the width of the sample smear. The sample smear can be horizontally snapped and fixed by the corresponding locking rods 501 to prevent displacement. The front end of the smear holder 5 is equipped with a detachable retaining strip 502, which is made of elastic plastic and can fix the front end of the sample smear to prevent slippage. The lower side of the fixed slide rail 101 is equipped with a fixing rod 102 of the same height at the front end. The fixing rod 102 is a metal support component that can support the front end of the smear holder 5, making it easy to stably remove the smear holder 5.

[0017] The central partition 106 has holes through which both the movable seat 4 and the smear holder 5 can pass. Several dyeing nozzles 6 are vertically installed at the opening on the left side of the central partition 106. The dyeing nozzles 6 are connected by corrosion-resistant conduits, and a dyeing solution pump 601 is installed at the front end of each horizontal row, controlling the spraying of the dyeing solution. A mixing tank 602 is installed at the bottom of the housing 1, and the mixing tank 602 is connected to the dyeing solution pump 601 via a conduit. The right side of the mixing tank 602 is connected to a first dyeing solution tank 8 and a second dyeing solution tank 9 via conduits. Both the first and second dyeing solution tanks 8 and 9 have built-in micro-pumps, controlled by a first switch 801 and a second switch 901 respectively, for independently delivering different dyeing solutions (such as Gymsard dye). The first and second dyeing solution tanks 8 and 9 are also individually connected to the dyeing solution pump 601 via conduits, allowing the micro-pumps and dyeing solution pumps to be controlled as needed, first using the dyeing solution from the first tank and then the dyeing solution from the second tank. A rinsing nozzle 7 with the same structure is installed on the left side of the dyeing nozzle 6. The rinsing nozzles 7 are interconnected by conduits and a rinsing liquid pump 701 is installed at the front end for rinsing residual dye solution. A water tank 702 is installed at the bottom of the housing 1. The water tank 702 is connected to the rinsing liquid pump 701 through a conduit to provide deionized water for rinsing.

[0018] Inside the housing 1, on the left side, is a liquid pump control module 104. The integrated circuit board of the liquid pump control module 104 coordinates the operation of the liquid pump. Several infrared sensors 107 are installed on the front side of the opening on the central partition 106. The infrared sensors 107 are connected to the liquid pump control module 104. When the smear holder 5 passes through the central partition 106, the infrared sensors 107 detect the moving seat 4 and activate the staining solution pump 601 via the liquid pump control module 104, triggering the staining process. A staining timer 11 and a heating timer 10 are installed on the front side of the housing 1. The staining timer 11 can be set for staining time (e.g., 3-5 minutes), and automatically starts the motor 301 and the rinsing solution pump 701 after the time expires, completing the rinsing process in tandem. The heating timer 10 can be set for drying time and shuts off the heating system after drying. A temperature control module 103 is installed on the right side of the chamber 1. Temperature sensors 201 are installed on the side walls of chamber 1 corresponding to the heating elements 2. The temperature sensors 201 monitor the temperature inside the chamber in real time and feed the signal back to the temperature control module 103. The temperature control module 103 dynamically adjusts the power of the heating elements 2 to maintain a constant temperature (e.g., 40-50°C). A through-hole vent 105 is opened on the rear surface of the right part of chamber 1, corresponding to the position between the heating elements 2. The vent 105 promotes the circulation of hot air to accelerate the drying process. The bottom surface of the left side of chamber 1 is inclined and made of stainless steel, facing the lowest point. A waste liquid collection tank 12 is installed at the lowest point of the bottom surface to collect waste liquid from the dyeing area for centralized treatment.

[0019] Before use, different staining solutions are mixed as needed using the first switch 801 and the second switch 901. During use, first open the movable door, then horizontally insert multiple sample smears into the V-shaped groove locking rod 501 of the smear holder 5 and secure them with the front locking strip 502. Next, attach the smear holder 5 to the moving base 4 via the magnetic suction hole 401. After closing the movable door, start the device. The motor 301 drives the lead screw 3 to rotate, moving the moving base 4 and the smear holder 5 to the left to the staining area. When the smear holder 5 passes the central partition 106, the infrared sensor 107 detects a signal and triggers the liquid pump control module 104, starting the staining solution pump 601. The staining solution is mixed from the first staining solution tank 8 and the second staining solution tank 9 through the mixing tank 602, and then evenly sprayed onto the sample smear surface by the staining nozzle 6. After the dyeing timer 11 finishes its countdown, the rinsing solution pump 701 and motor 301 automatically start, and the slide rack 5 moves to the right towards the drying area. Simultaneously, the rinsing nozzle 7 sprays deionized water from the water tank 702 to rinse the dye solution, and the waste liquid flows into the waste liquid collection tank 12 through its inclined bottom surface. Upon entering the drying area, the heating element 2 is heated under the control of the temperature control module 103 and temperature sensor 201, and hot air drying is achieved with the help of the ventilation holes 105. After the heating timer 10 ends, the heating element 2 shuts off, the motor 301 stops, the movable door opens, and the slide rack 5 is removed with the support of the fixing rod 102, completing the fully automated dyeing, rinsing, and drying process.

[0020] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations can be made to the above embodiments without departing from the principle of this utility model, and all such modifications and variations should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for rapid dry slide staining for detection of human blastocystis, characterized by, The enclosure includes a housing (1), the interior of which is divided into two equal areas, left and right, by a central partition (106). Several heating elements (2) are installed horizontally and perpendicular to the rear wall of the housing (1) inside the right side area of ​​the housing (1). A fixed slide rail (101) is installed horizontally through the central partition (106) and extending to the left side of the housing (1) between each pair of heating elements (2). The fixed slide rail (101) includes two parallel sides. A lead screw (3) is installed inside the fixed slide rail (101). A motor (301) is coaxially connected to the right end of the lead screw (3). A movable seat (4) is threaded onto the lead screw (3). A magnetic suction hole (401) is provided on the movable seat (4). A coating holder (5) is detachably snapped into the magnetic suction hole (401). A fixed rod (102) of the same height is installed at the front end corresponding to the lower side of the fixed slide rail (101). Several dyeing nozzles (6) are vertically installed at the opening on the left side of the middle partition (106). A mixing tank (602) is installed at the bottom of the box (1). The dyeing nozzles (6) are connected to the mixing tank (602) through the dyeing liquid pump (601). The right side of the mixing tank (602) is connected to the first dyeing liquid tank (8) and the second dyeing liquid tank (9) through the conduit. The first dyeing liquid tank (8) and the second dyeing liquid tank (9) are both built into micro liquid pumps and are controlled by the first switch (801) and the second switch (901) respectively. The first dyeing liquid tank (8) and the second dyeing liquid tank (9) are also connected to the dyeing liquid pump separately through the conduit. A rinsing nozzle (7) with the same structure is installed on the left side of the dyeing nozzles (6). The rinsing nozzles (7) are connected to the water tank (702) through the rinsing liquid pump (701). The water tank (702) is installed at the bottom of the box (1).

2. The device for detecting Blastocystis hominis according to claim 1, wherein, The liquid pump control module (104) is installed on the left side inside the box (1), and several infrared sensors (107) are installed on the front side of the opening on the middle partition (106); a staining timer (11) and a heating timer (10) are installed on the front side of the box (1).

3. The device for detecting Blastocystis hominis according to claim 1, wherein, A temperature control module (103) is installed on the right side inside the box (1), and a temperature sensor (201) is installed on the side wall of the box (1) between the heating elements (2).

4. The device for detecting Blastocystis hominis according to claim 1, wherein, The smear holder (5) has several locking rods (501) distributed front and back. The two sides of the locking rods (501) are V-shaped grooves, and the distance between each locking rod (501) is equal to the width of the sample smear. The front end of the smear holder (5) is equipped with a detachable locking strip (502).

5. The device for detecting Blastocystis hominis according to claim 1, wherein The rear surface of the right part of the housing (1) is provided with a through ventilation hole (105) corresponding to the position between the heating elements (2).

6. The rapid dry slide staining device for detecting human budding protozoa according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the left side of the box (1) is inclined, and a waste liquid collection tank (12) is installed at the lowest point of the bottom surface.

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