Material testing equipment

Abstract

This utility model discloses a material testing device, including a base plate, a base mounted on the base plate, a hydraulic cylinder mounted on the base, and a first crossbeam opposite to the base. A lead screw connects the base and the first crossbeam, and a movable second crossbeam is mounted on the lead screw. A platform is mounted between the second crossbeam and the base, and the platform is fixed to the piston shaft of the hydraulic cylinder. The device includes a drive mechanism for driving the lead screw to rotate and several damping mechanisms. Several mounting cavities are formed in the base, and the damping mechanisms are installed in the mounting cavities. During tensile testing, the hydraulic cylinder of this utility model can be considered a hydraulic shock absorber. When the specimen breaks, a huge impact force is generated, most of which is absorbed by the hydraulic cylinder and converted into heat. Simultaneously, the damping mechanisms assist in shock absorption, ensuring the accuracy of the test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of materials testing technology, and mainly to materials testing devices. Background Technology

[0002] Universal testing machines are mainly used for testing metallic and non-metallic materials. They can perform various tests, including tensile stress, tensile strength, compression, and bending. Tensile and compression tests are the most common applications. When performing tensile tests on workpieces, limit tests to tensile breaking are frequently conducted. At the point of ultimate fracture, a large tensile force is generated between the upper and lower jaws, and this force is transmitted to the frame, causing strong vibrations and impacts, which affects the service life and testing accuracy of the testing machine.

[0003] Universal testing machines in related technologies, such as the Chinese utility model patent with publication number CN203337467U, disclose a desktop hydraulic universal testing machine, including a base, a bottom frame consisting of a middle crossbeam, a support, and two lower columns connected between the middle crossbeam and the support, and an upper frame consisting of an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam, and two upper columns connected between the upper and lower crossbeams. The support is fixedly connected to the base. The lower crossbeam is located below the middle crossbeam, with its two ends passing through the two lower columns. The upper crossbeam is located above the middle crossbeam, with the two upper columns passing through the middle crossbeam. A hydraulic cylinder is connected between the support and the lower crossbeam. Tensile testing fixtures are respectively provided at the lower part of the upper crossbeam and the upper part of the middle crossbeam, and compressive testing fixtures are respectively provided at the lower part of the middle crossbeam and the upper part of the lower crossbeam. This invention has a simple structure, which can easily realize tensile and compressive tests of materials through simple structural design. It has high structural rigidity and stability, and stable test force loading, which helps to improve the accuracy of the test.

[0004] However, in implementing the aforementioned universal testing machine, the inventors of this application discovered at least the following problems: When testing with this type of universal testing machine, the tensile fixture generates a large tensile force to break the specimen, and this force is transmitted to the frame, causing vibration. Over time, this will not only cause the overall position of the machine to shift, but also affect the accuracy of the test. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present invention aims to solve some problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a material testing device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model employs the following technical solution: A material testing device includes a base plate, a base mounted on the base plate, a hydraulic cylinder mounted on the base, and a first crossbeam opposite to the base. A lead screw is connected between the base and the first crossbeam. A movable second crossbeam is mounted on the lead screw. A platform is installed between the second crossbeam and the base. The platform is fixed to the piston shaft of the hydraulic cylinder. Includes a drive mechanism for driving the lead screw to rotate; It also includes several shock-absorbing mechanisms, and the base has several mounting cavities in which the shock-absorbing mechanisms are installed.

[0007] Furthermore, based on the above solution, the shock absorption mechanism includes a connecting plate, a connecting member, a limiting member, and two elastic members. The connecting plate is fixed to the base plate. The connecting member is inserted into the mounting cavity and connected to the connecting plate at one end. The limiting member is installed in the connecting member and located in the mounting cavity. The two elastic members are sleeved on the connecting member and are located in the upper and lower parts of the mounting cavity, respectively.

[0008] Further, based on the above solution, a gasket is fitted on the connector, a first contact surface is provided inside the mounting cavity, and a second contact surface is provided inside the connecting plate. One end of one elastic member abuts against the gasket and the other end abuts against the first contact surface, and one end of another elastic member abuts against the limiting member and the other end abuts against the second contact surface.

[0009] Building upon the above solution, a portion of the connecting plate is located within the mounting cavity, and the base is movable relative to the connecting plate.

[0010] Furthermore, based on the above solution, the base is provided with a backstop plate, which is installed on the connector to limit the movement of the connector.

[0011] Further, based on the above solution, the driving mechanism includes a drive motor, a drive sprocket, a driven sprocket, and a chain. The drive motor is fixed on the base, the connecting piece is fixed on the output shaft of the drive motor, the driven sprocket is fixed on the lead screw, and the chain is sleeved on the drive sprocket and the driven sprocket.

[0012] Furthermore, based on the above solution, a tensioning sprocket mechanism is also included. The tensioning sprocket mechanism includes an adjusting plate, a tensioning sprocket, a wheel axle, a locking member, a top plate, and a tightening member. The adjusting plate is fixed to the base and has a movable groove. The wheel axle is located in the movable groove. The locking member is located on the wheel axle and is in contact with the lower surface of the adjusting plate. The tensioning sprocket is rotatably mounted on the wheel axle. The top plate is fixed to the adjusting plate. The tightening member is inserted into the top plate and one end abuts against the wheel axle.

[0013] Furthermore, a spoke sensor is installed on the piston shaft of the hydraulic cylinder, and the spoke sensor is located at the bottom of the platform panel.

[0014] Building upon the above scheme, a number of columns are provided between the first crossbeam and the platform.

[0015] Furthermore, the second crossbeam is equipped with a threaded sleeve that is compatible with the lead screw.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: During tensile testing, the hydraulic cylinder of this invention can be regarded as a hydraulic shock absorber. When the specimen is broken, a huge impact force will be generated. Most of the impact force will be absorbed by the hydraulic cylinder and converted into heat consumption. At the same time, the shock absorption mechanism assists in shock absorption, ensuring the accuracy of the test.

[0017] The features and advantages of this utility model will be described in detail through embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the material testing device of this utility model; Figure 2 This utility model Figure 2 Sectional view along the middle AA direction; Figure 3 This is a top view of the drive mechanism of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the tensioning sprocket mechanism of this utility model.

[0019] Figure label: 1. Base plate; 2. Base, 201. Mounting cavity, 202. First contact surface; 3. Hydraulic cylinder; 4. First crossbeam; 5. Lead screw; 6. Second crossbeam, 601. Screw sleeve; 7. Countertop; 8. Drive mechanism; 801. Drive motor; 802. Drive sprocket; 803. Driven sprocket; 804. Chain; 9. Shock absorption mechanism; 901. Connecting plate; 902. Connecting component; 903. Limiting component; 904. Elastic component; 905. Gasket; 906. Second contact surface; 10. Anti-reverse plate; 11. Tensioning sprocket mechanism; 1101. Adjusting plate; 1102. Tensioning sprocket; 1103. Axle; 1104. Locking element; 1105. Top plate; 1106. Tensioning element; 1107. Movable groove; 12. Wheel spoke sensor; 13. Columns. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0021] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0022] The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should be understood in their ordinary sense by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model pertains. The words “a” or “one” and similar terms used in this application specification and claims do not indicate a limitation of quantity, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. “A plurality” includes two, equivalent to at least two. The words “comprising” or “including” and similar terms mean that the element or object preceding “comprising” or “including” covers the element or object listed following “comprising” or “including” and its equivalents, and does not exclude other elements or objects. The words “connected” or “linked” and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections and can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this application specification and appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0023] like Figure 1-4The material testing apparatus includes a base plate 1, a base 2 mounted on the base plate 1, a hydraulic cylinder 3 mounted on the base 2, and a first crossbeam 4 opposite to the base 2. A lead screw 5 connects the base 2 and the first crossbeam 4. A movable second crossbeam 6 is mounted on the lead screw 5. A platform 7 is mounted between the second crossbeam 6 and the base 2. The lead screw 5 passes through the platform. The platform 7 is fixed to the piston shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 3. Four columns 13 are provided between the first crossbeam 4 and the platform 7. The apparatus includes a drive mechanism 8 for driving the lead screw 5 to rotate and four damping mechanisms 9. Four mounting cavities 201 are provided in the base 2, and the damping mechanisms 9 are installed in the mounting cavities 201. Clamps are provided on both the first crossbeam 4 and the second crossbeam 6 for holding specimens for tensile testing. Specimens can be placed on the platform 7 for compressive testing.

[0024] Based on the above technical means: when the material testing device performs a tensile test, a huge force will be generated when the specimen is broken. This force will be absorbed by the hydraulic cylinder 3, thereby reducing the vibration of the frame. At the same time, the shock absorption mechanism 9 will also play an auxiliary role in shock absorption, reducing the degree of deviation of the whole machine and ensuring the accuracy of the test.

[0025] Please refer to the following for details. Figure 2 The shock absorption mechanism 9 includes a connecting plate 901, a connecting member 902, a limiting member 903, and two elastic members 904. The connecting plate 901 is fixed to the base plate 1 by screws. The connecting member 902 is inserted into the mounting cavity 201 and connected to the connecting plate 901 at one end. The limiting member 903 is installed in the connecting member 902 and located in the mounting cavity 201. The two elastic members 904 are sleeved on the connecting member 902 and are located in the upper and lower parts of the mounting cavity 201, respectively. A gasket 905 is sleeved on the connecting member 902. A first contact surface 202 is provided inside the mounting cavity 201, and a second contact surface 906 is provided inside the connecting plate 901. One end of one elastic member 904 abuts against the gasket 905 and the other end abuts against the first contact surface 202. One end of the other elastic member 904 abuts against the limiting member 903 and the other end abuts against the second contact surface 906. The upper part of the connecting plate 901 is located in the mounting cavity 201, and the base 2 can move relative to the connecting plate 901. The base 2 is provided with a backstop plate 10, which is installed on the connector 902 and limits the connector 902.

[0026] Based on the above technical means: when the material testing device performs a tensile test, a huge force will be generated when the specimen is broken. The base 2 descends, the elastic element 904 is compressed, and the energy is absorbed by the elastic element 904, which plays an auxiliary role in shock absorption. After the force is released, the elastic element 904 begins to reset, and the base 2 returns to its original position.

[0027] In this embodiment, the connector 902 is a bolt, the connecting plate 901 has a thread inside that is compatible with the connector 902, and the elastic element 904 is a spring.

[0028] Please refer to the following for details. Figure 3 The drive mechanism 8 includes a drive motor 801, a drive sprocket 802, a driven sprocket 803, and a chain 804. The drive motor 801 is fixed to the base 2, and the connecting piece 902 is fixed to the output shaft of the drive motor 801. The driven sprocket 803 is fixed to the lead screw 5, and the chain 804 is sleeved on the drive sprocket 802 and the driven sprocket 803. The second crossbeam 6 is provided with a threaded sleeve 601 that is adapted to the lead screw 5.

[0029] Based on the above technical means: the drive motor 801 drives the drive sprocket 802 to rotate, the drive sprocket 802 drives the chain 804 to rotate, the chain 804 drives the two driven sprockets 803 to rotate, the driven sprockets 803 drive the lead screw 5 to rotate, thereby driving the second crossbeam 6 to rise and fall, changing the distance between the first crossbeam 4 and the second crossbeam 6.

[0030] Please refer to the following for details. Figure 4 It also includes a tensioning sprocket mechanism 1102, which includes an adjusting plate 1101, a tensioning sprocket 1102, a wheel axle 1103, a locking member 1104, a top plate 1105, and a tightening member 1106. The adjusting plate 1101 is fixed on the base 2, and a movable groove 1107 is provided on the adjusting plate 1101. The wheel axle 1103 is located in the movable groove 1107. The locking member 1104 is located on the wheel axle 1103 and is in contact with the lower surface of the adjusting plate 1101. The tensioning sprocket 1102 is rotatably mounted on the wheel axle 1103. The top plate 1105 is fixed on the adjusting plate 1101. The tightening member 1106 is inserted into the top plate 1105 and one end abuts against the wheel axle 1103.

[0031] Based on the above technical means: the locking member 1104 and the tightening member 1106 play the role of restricting the position of the wheel axle 1103. By loosening the locking member 1104 and the tightening member 1106, the position of the wheel axle 1103 in the movable groove 1107 can be adjusted so as to adjust the position of the tension sprocket 1102, thereby adjusting the tension of the chain 804.

[0032] In this embodiment, the locking member 1104 is a nut, the bottom of the wheel axle 1103 is provided with a thread that matches the locking member 1104, the tightening member 1106 is a bolt, and the top plate 1105 is provided with a threaded hole that matches the tightening member 1106.

[0033] Please refer to the following for details. Figure 1 A spoke sensor 12 is installed on the piston shaft of the oil cylinder 3. The spoke sensor 12 is located at the bottom of the platform 7 and can detect the force borne by the sample, thus playing a monitoring role.

[0034] This utility model is a material testing device, and its working principle is explained in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: First, adjust the tension of the chain 804 using the tensioning sprocket 1102 mechanism 11.

[0035] When a tensile test is required on the specimen, the position of the second crossbeam 6 is first adjusted by the drive mechanism 8 to install the specimen. Then, the specimen is placed in the clamps of the first crossbeam 4 and the second crossbeam 6, and both ends of the specimen are clamped. The hydraulic cylinder 3 is activated, and the piston shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 3 extends, causing the platform 7, the column 13 and the first crossbeam 4 to move upward. As the first crossbeam 4 moves upward, the position of the second crossbeam 6 remains unchanged, and the specimen will be gradually stretched until it eventually breaks. Most of the impact force generated when the specimen breaks will be absorbed by the hydraulic cylinder 3, and a small part will be absorbed by the shock absorption mechanism 9, which plays a role in shock absorption.

[0036] When a compressive strength test is required on the specimen, the specimen is placed on the platform 7 and the hydraulic cylinder 3 is activated. The piston shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 3 extends, causing the platform 7, the column 13 and the first crossbeam 4 to move upward. As the platform 7 moves upward, the position of the second crossbeam 6 remains unchanged. The specimen will gradually approach the second crossbeam 6 until it contacts the bottom surface of the second crossbeam 6 and is subjected to compressive deformation.

[0037] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A material testing device, characterized by, It includes a base plate, a base mounted on the base plate, a hydraulic cylinder mounted on the base, and a first crossbeam opposite to the base. A lead screw connects the base and the first crossbeam. A movable second crossbeam is mounted on the lead screw. A platform is installed between the second crossbeam and the base. The platform is fixed to the piston shaft of the hydraulic cylinder. Includes a drive mechanism for driving the lead screw to rotate; It also includes several shock-absorbing mechanisms, and the base has several mounting cavities in which the shock-absorbing mechanisms are installed.

2. The material testing device of claim 1, wherein The shock absorption mechanism includes a connecting plate, a connecting member, a limiting member, and two elastic members. The connecting plate is fixed to the base plate. The connecting member is inserted into the mounting cavity and connected to the connecting plate at one end. The limiting member is installed in the connecting member and located in the mounting cavity. The two elastic members are sleeved on the connecting member and are located in the upper and lower parts of the mounting cavity, respectively.

3. The material testing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, A gasket is fitted on the connector, a first contact surface is provided inside the mounting cavity, and a second contact surface is provided inside the connecting plate. One elastic element abuts against the gasket at one end and against the first contact surface at the other end, while another elastic element abuts against the limiting element at one end and against the second contact surface at the other end.

4. The material testing device of claim 2, wherein The upper part of the connecting plate is located in the mounting cavity, and the base can move relative to the connecting plate.

5. The material testing device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that The base is provided with a backstop plate, which is installed on the connector and limits the movement of the connector.

6. The material testing device of claim 2, wherein The drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a drive sprocket, a driven sprocket, and a chain. The drive motor is fixed on the base, the connector is fixed on the output shaft of the drive motor, the driven sprocket is fixed on the lead screw, and the chain is sleeved on the drive sprocket and the driven sprocket.

7. The material testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a tensioning sprocket mechanism, which includes an adjusting plate, a tensioning sprocket, a wheel axle, a locking member, a top plate, and a tightening member. The adjusting plate is fixed to the base, and a movable groove is provided on the adjusting plate. The wheel axle is located in the movable groove. The locking member is located on the wheel axle and is in contact with the lower surface of the adjusting plate. The tensioning sprocket is rotatably mounted on the wheel axle. The top plate is fixed to the adjusting plate, and the tightening member is inserted into the top plate, with one end abutting against the wheel axle.

8. The material testing device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that A spoke sensor is mounted on the piston shaft of the hydraulic cylinder, and the spoke sensor is located at the bottom of the platform panel.

9. The material testing device of claim 1, wherein Several columns are provided between the first crossbeam and the platform.

10. The material testing device of claim 1, wherein The second crossbeam is provided with a threaded sleeve that is compatible with the lead screw.

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