A variable-structure building facade fire spread characteristic test platform

Abstract

This utility model provides a test platform for the fire spread characteristics of a variable-structure building facade, relating to the field of fire simulation technology. It includes an experimental base, a main experimental platform, a deformable facade system, a fireproof panel, and a sensing system. The main experimental platform is mounted on the experimental base and includes a main platform body and a rotating mechanism. The main platform body is fixedly connected to the rotation axis of the rotating mechanism, and combustible material is placed on the main platform body. The deformable facade system is positioned above the main experimental platform and fixedly connected to the experimental base. The deformable facade system includes two telescopic side wall structures and one telescopic back wall structure in an H-shape. The fireproof panel is fixedly mounted on the inner surface of the telescopic portions of the telescopic side wall and back wall structures. The sensing system is fixedly mounted on the deformable facade system. This application provides theoretical support for building fire protection design codes by simulating fire spread behavior under different complex structures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fire simulation technology, and more specifically, to a test platform for the fire spread characteristics of a building facade with a variable structure. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the development of science and technology in my country, more and more special structures have appeared on building facades. Different structural forms have a significant impact on the fire spread behavior of insulation materials. For example, the presence of corner fires on the interior of an L-shaped structure accelerates flame spread, while a U-shaped facade can create a chimney-like effect during a fire, making the fire burn more intensely, accelerating its spread and diffusion, and posing greater challenges to escape and rescue. Currently, domestic and international building fire protection standards do not distinguish between planar structures and other complex structures such as U-shaped structures. Because U-shaped facades are not common abroad, there is limited research on them, and standards and specifications do not address them. my country's current national standard, "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings" GB50016-2014, treats U-shaped facades as external spaces and does not specify requirements for their structural dimensions. Fire departments in many regions have found serious fire safety hazards in these U-shaped facades and have proposed design requirements for their structural dimensions. Existing technologies, such as the experimental device in patent CN210465188U, can adjust the spacing between the side walls and the combination of the horizontal baffle to form a two-dimensional channel through the roller bracket. However, it can only simulate planar or symmetrical concave / vertical shaft structures and cannot construct L-shaped corner flames or U-shaped three-sided enclosed spaces. Furthermore, the reliance on manual adjustment of the slots results in rough size control.

[0003] Based on the shortcomings of the existing technologies, there is an urgent need for a test platform for the fire spread characteristics of building facades with variable structures. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a testing platform for the fire spread characteristics of variable-structure building facades, thereby improving the aforementioned problems. To achieve this objective, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0005] This application provides a test platform for the fire spread characteristics of a variable-structure building facade, including an experimental base, a main experimental platform, a deformable facade system, a fireproof panel, and a sensing system. The main experimental platform is mounted on the experimental base and includes a main platform body and a rotating mechanism. The main platform body is fixedly connected to the rotation axis of the rotating mechanism, and combustible material is disposed on the main platform body. The deformable facade system is positioned above the main experimental platform and fixedly connected to the experimental base. The deformable facade system includes two telescopic sidewall structures and one telescopic backwall structure. The two telescopic sidewall structures are vertically arranged at both ends of the telescopic backwall structure and form an H-shape. The fireproof panel is fixedly disposed on the inner surface of the telescopic portions of the telescopic sidewall structures and the telescopic backwall structure. The sensing system is fixedly disposed on the deformable facade system.

[0006] Furthermore, the telescopic sidewall structure includes a sidewall frame, a sidewall telescopic frame, and a sidewall transmission mechanism. The sidewall frame is fixedly mounted on the experimental base, and the sidewall telescopic frame and the sidewall transmission mechanism are both mounted inside the sidewall frame. The sidewall telescopic frame slides along the length direction of the sidewall frame via the sidewall transmission mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the telescopic back wall structure includes a back wall frame, a back wall telescopic frame, and a back wall transmission mechanism. The back wall frame is fixedly mounted on the experimental base, and the back wall telescopic frame and the back wall transmission mechanism are both mounted inside the back wall frame. The back wall telescopic frame slides along the length direction of the back wall frame via the back wall transmission mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, the experimental base includes a square base and a circular base, the square base being fixedly connected to the main experimental platform, and the circular base being fixedly connected to the side wall frame.

[0009] Furthermore, the side wall transmission mechanism includes a first motor and a first lead screw transmission structure. The first motor is fixedly installed inside the side wall frame, and the first lead screw transmission structure is installed along the length direction of the side wall frame. The first motor is rotatably connected to the first lead screw transmission structure. The side wall telescopic frame is fixedly installed on the sliding component of the first lead screw transmission structure. The first motor drives the side wall telescopic frame to telescopically move along the length direction of the side wall frame through the first lead screw transmission structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the back wall transmission mechanism includes a second motor and a second lead screw transmission structure. The second motor is fixedly installed inside the back wall frame, and the second lead screw transmission structure is installed along the length direction of the back wall frame. The second motor is rotatably connected to the second lead screw transmission structure. The back wall telescopic frame is fixedly installed on the sliding component of the second lead screw transmission structure. The second motor drives the back wall telescopic frame to telescopically move along the length direction of the back wall frame through the second lead screw transmission structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotating mechanism includes a third motor, a reducer, and a rotating shaft. The third motor is rotatably connected to the reducer, the output end of the reducer is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the end of the rotating shaft away from the reducer is fixedly connected to the main body.

[0012] Furthermore, the fireproof board portion includes a fireproof board and a fire-resistant material layer. The surfaces of the side wall telescopic frame, the back wall telescopic frame, and the back wall frame facing the combustible material are defined as the combustion-affected area. The fireproof board is fixedly installed on the surface of the combustion-affected area, and the fire-resistant material layer is covered on the fireproof board.

[0013] Furthermore, the sensing system is a thermocouple, which is disposed on the combustion-affected area.

[0014] Furthermore, the telescopic sidewall structure also includes an auxiliary support wheel, which is fixedly installed below the telescopic sidewall frame, and the sliding part of the auxiliary support wheel is in contact with the ground.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0016] This invention uses a rotating mechanism to adjust the position of the experimental main platform to change the suction conditions at the bottom of the fire source, and uses a motor-driven screw transmission to precisely control the telescopic movement of the telescopic side wall structure and telescopic back wall structure. This enables rapid and accurate adjustment of the building facade structure type (planar, L-shaped, U-shaped) and structural dimensions (side wall length, back wall length). Combined with the layered fireproof board section and sensing system, it effectively simulates the fire spread behavior under different complex structures, and obtains key parameters such as flame height, temperature, and heat flow, providing theoretical support for building fire protection design codes.

[0017] Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing embodiments of the invention. The objects and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the variable-structure building facade fire spread characteristics testing platform described in this application.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a rear view of the test platform for the fire spread characteristics of the building facade of the variable structure.

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the rotating mechanism of the test platform for the fire spread characteristics of the building facade with the variable structure rotating outwards;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the retractable back wall structure of the test platform for the fire spread characteristics of the building facade of the variable structure in its retracted state.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the retracted state of the telescopic sidewall structure of the building facade fire spread characteristics test platform with the variable structure.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic side wall structure and the back wall structure of the building facade fire spread characteristics test platform of the variable structure being simultaneously contracted.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic sidewall structure;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic back wall structure;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating mechanism;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the fireproof board portion.

[0029] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Experimental base; 11. Square base; 12. Circular base; 2. Experimental main platform; 21. Main platform body; 22. Rotating mechanism; 221. Third motor; 222. Reducer; 223. Rotating shaft; 3. Deformable facade system; 31. Telescopic side wall structure; 311. Side wall frame; 312. Side wall telescopic frame; 313. Side wall transmission mechanism; 3131. First motor; 3132. First screw transmission structure; 314. Auxiliary support wheel; 32. Telescopic back wall structure; 321. Back wall frame; 322. Back wall telescopic frame; 323. Back wall transmission mechanism; 3231. Second motor; 3232. Second screw transmission structure; 4. Fireproof board section; 41. Fireproof board; 42. Fire-resistant material layer; 5. Sensing system. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this utility model provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed utility model, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0031] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, in the description of this utility model, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this application provides a test platform for the fire spread characteristics of a variable-structure building facade, including an experimental base 1, an experimental main platform 2, a deformable facade system 3, a fireproof board section 4, and a sensing system 5. The experimental base 1 bears the weight of the main structure, preventing displacement due to structural deformation or flame impact during the experiment. The experimental main platform 2 is mounted on the experimental base 1 and includes a main platform body 21 and a rotating mechanism 22. The main platform body 21 is fixedly connected to the rotation axis 223 of the rotating mechanism 22, and combustible material is placed on the main platform body 21. The main platform body 21 serves as a carrier of combustible material, and its spatial posture is switched through the rotating mechanism 22 to reproduce the air entrainment differences in a real fire scenario. The deformable facade system 3 is mounted above the experimental main platform 2 and fixedly connected to the experimental base 1. The deformable facade system 3 includes two telescopic side wall structures 31 and one telescopic back wall structure 32. The planar, L-shaped, and U-shaped structure conversion is achieved through synchronous telescopic movement. The two telescopic side wall structures 31 are vertically mounted at both ends of the telescopic back wall structure 32 and form an H-shaped structure. The H-shaped frame enables independent and coordinated adjustment of the back wall length and side wall length, precisely constructing a U-shaped chimney effect zone (three-sided enclosed) and an L-shaped corner flame acceleration zone. The fireproof board section 4 is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the telescopic sections in the telescopic side wall structure 31 and the telescopic back wall structure 32, used to verify the combustion and heat transfer mechanism of the facade; the sensing system 5 is fixedly installed on the deformable facade system 3, used to record flame height, temperature, and heat flow parameters in real time.

[0033] Preferably, the telescopic sidewall structure 31 includes a sidewall frame 311, a sidewall telescopic frame 312, and a sidewall transmission mechanism 313. The sidewall frame 311 is fixedly mounted on the experimental base 1. The sidewall telescopic frame 312 and the sidewall transmission mechanism 313 are both disposed within the sidewall frame 311. The sidewall telescopic frame 312 slides along the length direction of the sidewall frame 311 via the sidewall transmission mechanism 313. The telescopic sidewall structure 31 provides a rigid support foundation through the sidewall frame 311 and houses the internal mechanism. The sidewall telescopic frame 312 slides along the length direction of the frame to achieve precise adjustment of the sidewall length. The sidewall transmission mechanism 313 is built into the frame to drive the telescopic movement and isolate the direct influence of the flame on the transmission components.

[0034] Preferably, the telescopic back wall structure 32 includes a back wall frame 321, a telescopic back wall bracket 322, and a back wall transmission mechanism 323. The back wall frame 321 is fixedly mounted on the experimental base 1. The telescopic back wall bracket 322 and the back wall transmission mechanism 323 are both disposed within the back wall frame 321. The telescopic back wall bracket 322 slides along the length of the back wall frame 321 via the back wall transmission mechanism 323. The telescopic back wall structure 32 achieves precise and stable adjustment of the back wall length through a mechanical solution. Figures 3-6As shown, the individual dynamic adjustment and interconnection adjustment of the telescopic side wall structure 31 and the telescopic back wall structure 32 enable the test platform to verify the structure and dimensions of various building facades.

[0035] Preferably, the experimental base 1 includes a square base 11 and a circular base 12. The square base 11 is fixedly connected to the main experimental platform 2, and the circular base 12 is fixedly connected to the side wall frame 311. The square base 11 is used to support the main weight of the exterior structure, including the main experimental platform 2, the telescopic side wall frame 311, and the telescopic back wall frame 321. The circular base 12 is used to supplement the support of the outer shell mass of the telescopic side wall structure 31, ensuring the stability of the overall device.

[0036] Preferably, such as Figure 7 As shown, the side wall transmission mechanism 313 includes a first motor 3131 and a first lead screw transmission structure 3132. The first motor 3131 is fixedly installed inside the side wall frame 311, and the first lead screw transmission structure 3132 is arranged along the length direction of the side wall frame 311. The first motor 3131 and the first lead screw transmission structure 3132 are rotatably connected. The side wall telescopic frame 312 is fixedly installed on the sliding component of the first lead screw transmission structure 3132. The first motor 3131 drives the side wall telescopic frame 312 to telescopically move along the length direction of the side wall frame 311 through the first lead screw transmission structure 3132.

[0037] Preferably, such as Figure 8 As shown, the back wall transmission mechanism 323 includes a second motor 3231 and a second lead screw transmission structure 3232. The second motor 3231 is fixedly installed inside the back wall frame 321, and the second lead screw transmission structure 3232 is arranged along the length direction of the back wall frame 321. The second motor 3231 is rotatably connected to the second lead screw transmission structure 3232. The back wall telescopic frame 322 is fixedly installed on the sliding part of the second lead screw transmission structure 3232. The second motor 3231 drives the back wall telescopic frame 322 to telescopically move along the length direction of the back wall frame 321 through the second lead screw transmission structure 3232.

[0038] Preferably, such as Figure 9 As shown, the rotating mechanism 22 includes a third motor 221, a reducer 222, and a rotating shaft 223. The third motor 221 is rotatably connected to the reducer 222. The third motor 221 serves as a power source and is coaxially connected to the input shaft of the reducer 222 via a coupling, thereby achieving the conversion from high speed to high torque. The output end of the reducer 222 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 223, and the end of the rotating shaft 223 away from the reducer 222 is fixedly connected to the main body 21.

[0039] Preferably, such as Figure 10As shown, the fireproof board section 4 includes a fireproof board 41 and a fire-resistant material layer 42. The surfaces of the side wall telescopic frame 312, the back wall telescopic frame 322, and the back wall frame 321 facing the burning material are designated as the combustion-affected zone. The fireproof board 41 is fixedly installed on the surface of the combustion-affected zone, and the fire-resistant material layer 42 is covered on the fireproof board 41. By adopting a layered composite structure, the heat transfer mechanism of the real building facade is accurately reproduced.

[0040] Preferably, the sensing system 5 is a thermocouple, which is placed in the combustion-affected area.

[0041] Preferably, the telescopic sidewall structure 31 further includes an auxiliary support wheel 314, which is fixedly installed below the telescopic sidewall frame 311, with its sliding part in contact with the ground. When the sidewall telescopic frame 312 extends under the drive of the transmission mechanism, the auxiliary support wheel 314 can support the entire sidewall telescopic structure to achieve smooth sliding and suppress the risk of overturning.

[0042] Furthermore, this application discloses the experimental operation steps of the aforementioned variable-structure building facade fire spread characteristics testing platform:

[0043] First, the rotation mechanism 22, controlled by the computer host, adjusts the position and orientation of the experimental main platform 2, setting the conditions for the bottom suction of the fire source. Simultaneously, the first motor 3131 and the second motor 3231 drive the screw transmission structure to synchronously adjust the side wall length of the telescopic side wall frame 311 and the back wall length of the telescopic back wall frame 321 to the target size, constructing a planar, L-shaped, or U-shaped building facade model. Then, the data acquisition system is activated to verify the signal stability of the thermocouple and heat flow sensor. After selecting the fire source type and its placement position on the experimental main platform 2, ignition is carried out, and characteristic parameters such as flame height, temperature, and heat flow are recorded in real time until the fire source is extinguished after the experiment is completed. Finally, based on the collected data, the fire spread characteristics of the building facade under different structural dimensions and suction conditions are quantitatively analyzed, providing theoretical support for fire risk assessment.

[0044] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0045] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A variable-structure building facade fire spread characteristic test platform, characterized in that, include: Experimental base (1); Experimental main platform (2), the experimental main platform (2) is set on the experimental base (1), the experimental main platform (2) includes a main platform body (21) and a rotating mechanism (22), the main platform body (21) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (223) of the rotating mechanism (22), and a combustible substance is provided on the main platform body (21); Deformable facade system (3), the deformable facade system (3) is set above the experimental main platform (2) and fixedly connected to the experimental base (1). The deformable facade system (3) includes two telescopic side wall structures (31) and one telescopic back wall structure (32). The two telescopic side wall structures (31) are vertically set at both ends of the telescopic back wall structure (32) and form an H-shaped structure. Fireproof board part (4), the fireproof board part (4) is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the telescopic part in the telescopic side wall structure (31) and the telescopic back wall structure (32); as well as The sensing system (5) is fixedly mounted on the deformable facade system (3).

2. The variable-configuration building facade fire spread characteristics test platform of claim 1, wherein: The telescopic sidewall structure (31) includes a sidewall frame (311), a sidewall telescopic frame (312), and a sidewall transmission mechanism (313). The sidewall frame (311) is fixedly mounted on the experimental base (1). The sidewall telescopic frame (312) and the sidewall transmission mechanism (313) are both located inside the sidewall frame (311). The sidewall telescopic frame (312) slides along the length direction of the sidewall frame (311) through the sidewall transmission mechanism (313).

3. The variable-configuration building facade fire spread characteristics test platform of claim 2, wherein: The telescopic back wall structure (32) includes a back wall frame (321), a back wall telescopic frame (322), and a back wall transmission mechanism (323). The back wall frame (321) is fixedly mounted on the experimental base (1). The back wall telescopic frame (322) and the back wall transmission mechanism (323) are both located inside the back wall frame (321). The back wall telescopic frame (322) slides along the length direction of the back wall frame (321) through the back wall transmission mechanism (323).

4. The variable-configuration building facade fire spread property test platform of claim 3, wherein: The experimental base (1) includes a square base (11) and a circular base (12). The square base (11) is fixedly connected to the experimental main platform (2), and the circular base (12) is fixedly connected to the side wall frame (311).

5. The variable-configuration building facade fire spread property test platform of claim 2, wherein: The side wall transmission mechanism (313) includes a first motor (3131) and a first lead screw transmission structure (3132). The first motor (3131) is fixedly installed inside the side wall frame (311). The first lead screw transmission structure (3132) is installed along the length direction of the side wall frame (311). The first motor (3131) is rotatably connected to the first lead screw transmission structure (3132). The side wall telescopic frame (312) is fixedly installed on the sliding component of the first lead screw transmission structure (3132). The first motor (3131) drives the side wall telescopic frame (312) to telescopically move along the length direction of the side wall frame (311) through the first lead screw transmission structure (3132).

6. The variable-configuration building facade fire spread property test platform of claim 3, wherein: The back wall transmission mechanism (323) includes a second motor (3231) and a second lead screw transmission structure (3232). The second motor (3231) is fixedly installed inside the back wall frame (321). The second lead screw transmission structure (3232) is installed along the length direction of the back wall frame (321). The second motor (3231) is rotatably connected to the second lead screw transmission structure (3232). The back wall telescopic frame (322) is fixedly installed on the sliding component of the second lead screw transmission structure (3232). The second motor (3231) drives the back wall telescopic frame (322) to telescopically move along the length direction of the back wall frame (321) through the second lead screw transmission structure (3232).

7. The variable-configuration building facade fire spread property test platform of claim 1, wherein: The rotating mechanism (22) includes a third motor (221), a reducer (222) and a rotating shaft (223). The third motor (221) is rotatably connected to the reducer (222). The output end of the reducer (222) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (223). The end of the rotating shaft (223) away from the reducer (222) is fixedly connected to the main body (21).

8. The variable-configuration building facade fire spread property test platform of claim 3, wherein: The fireproof board part (4) includes a fireproof board (41) and a fire-resistant material layer (42). The surfaces of the side wall telescopic frame (312), the back wall telescopic frame (322), and the back wall frame (321) facing the burning material are defined as the combustion-affected area. The fireproof board (41) is fixedly installed on the surface of the combustion-affected area, and the fire-resistant material layer (42) is covered on the fireproof board (41).

9. The variable-configuration building facade fire spread property test platform of claim 8, wherein: The sensing system (5) is a thermocouple, which is installed in the combustion-affected area.

10. The variable-configuration building facade fire spread property test platform of claim 4, wherein: The telescopic sidewall structure (31) also includes an auxiliary support wheel (314), which is fixedly installed below the sidewall frame (311), and the sliding part of the auxiliary support wheel (314) is in contact with the ground.

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