A transformer fault diagnosis device based on ultrasonic detection
By constructing a sensor network and intelligent diagnostic system, the problems of limited detection range and lack of intelligent diagnosis in existing ultrasonic testing devices have been solved, enabling real-time monitoring and precise location of transformer faults, and improving detection efficiency and accuracy.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUANGDONG LI SHENG POWER ENG CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-31
AI Technical Summary
Existing ultrasonic testing devices have limited detection range in transformer fault detection and lack intelligent diagnostic functions, making it difficult to meet the high requirements of modern power systems for transformer condition monitoring.
A sensor network consisting of multiple sensor nodes, combined with a convergence node and an end-user management node, is used to achieve real-time monitoring and intelligent diagnosis of ultrasonic signals. The multi-sensor array covers a wide area, and fault location and early warning are achieved by combining spectrum analysis and deep learning methods.
It enables real-time monitoring and precise location of transformer faults, improving detection efficiency and accuracy, and possesses good anti-interference capabilities and stability.
Smart Images
Figure CN224581683U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of transformer fault diagnosis technology, and in particular to a transformer fault diagnosis device based on ultrasonic detection. Background Technology
[0002] Transformers are critical equipment in power systems, and their operating status directly affects the reliability of the power grid. Traditional transformer fault detection methods mainly rely on technologies such as oil chromatography and infrared thermography, but these methods have problems such as slow response, inability to monitor in real time, and insensitivity to early faults such as partial discharge.
[0003] Ultrasonic testing technology captures ultrasonic signals generated by faults such as partial discharge and mechanical loosening inside transformers, offering advantages such as high sensitivity, good real-time performance, and strong resistance to electromagnetic interference. However, existing ultrasonic testing devices mostly use a single sensor, resulting in a limited detection range and a lack of intelligent diagnostic functions, making it difficult to meet the high requirements of modern power systems for transformer condition monitoring.
[0004] Power system maintenance urgently requires online transformer fault detection devices. With the development of power grid transformation, the safe operation of transformers directly affects the safety and stability of the power system. Currently, maintenance departments are equipped with various online monitoring devices, such as oil chromatography online monitoring devices, pulse current monitoring devices, and vibration monitoring devices. However, the advancement of diagnostic methods affects the effectiveness of these devices. Utility Model Content
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a transformer fault diagnosis device based on ultrasonic detection to address the shortcomings of the prior art. This device enables real-time monitoring, precise location and intelligent diagnosis of transformer faults, thereby improving detection efficiency and accuracy.
[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] A transformer fault diagnosis device based on ultrasonic detection includes a sensor network consisting of multiple sensor nodes for detecting ambient noise around the transformer, and also includes a convergence node and an end-user management node; the sensor nodes are communicatively connected to the convergence node, and the convergence node is communicatively connected to the end-user management node.
[0008] The sensor node includes an ultrasonic sensor, a sensor signal conditioning module, a first controller module, a first communication module, and a power supply module; the ultrasonic sensor is connected to the first controller module through the sensor signal conditioning module, and the first communication module and the power supply module are respectively connected to the first controller module;
[0009] The aggregation node includes a second controller module and a second communication module connected thereto;
[0010] The terminal user management node includes a third controller module, a third communication module, an alarm module, a display module, a clock module, a memory module, and an interface module. The third communication module, alarm module, display module, clock module, memory module, and interface module are respectively connected to the third controller module.
[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of the transformer fault diagnosis device based on ultrasonic detection of this utility model, the sensor signal conditioning module includes a preamplifier, a bandpass filter and an analog-to-digital converter, used to amplify, filter and digitize ultrasonic signals, and the ultrasonic sensor is connected to the first controller module in sequence through the preamplifier, bandpass filter and analog-to-digital converter.
[0012] As a further preferred embodiment of the transformer fault diagnosis device based on ultrasonic detection of this utility model, the alarm module adopts an audible and visual alarm device.
[0013] As a further preferred embodiment of the transformer fault diagnosis device based on ultrasonic detection of this utility model, the sensor node transmits data with the aggregation node via the Modbus protocol.
[0014] As a further preferred embodiment of the transformer fault diagnosis device based on ultrasonic detection of this utility model, the power supply module includes a chip U1, a power supply B1, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, an inductor L1, and a Zener diode D1; wherein, pin 1 of chip U1 is connected to the positive terminal of power supply B1 and one end of capacitor C1 respectively, the negative terminal of power supply B1 is grounded, the other end of capacitor C1 is grounded, pin 3 of chip U1 is grounded, pin 5 of chip U1 is grounded, pin 2 of chip U1 is connected to the negative terminal of Zener diode D1 and one end of inductor L1 respectively, the positive terminal of Zener diode is grounded, the other end of inductor L1 is connected to one end of capacitor C2, pin 4 of chip U1, and the output terminal respectively, and the other end of capacitor C2 is grounded.
[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of the transformer fault diagnosis device based on ultrasonic detection of this utility model, the first controller module includes chip U2, capacitor C3, capacitor C4, capacitor C5, crystal oscillator X1, switch S1, resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, and resistor R4; wherein, one end of capacitor C3 is connected to one end of crystal oscillator X1 and pin 19 of chip U2, the other end of crystal oscillator X1 is connected to one end of capacitor C4 and pin 18 of chip U2, the other end of capacitor C3 is grounded, the other end of capacitor C4 is grounded, and one end of resistor R5 is connected to one end of capacitor C5, ... One end of switch S1 is connected to pin 9 of chip U2. The other end of resistor R5 is grounded. The other end of capacitor C5 is connected to VCC and the other end of switch S1 respectively. One end of resistor R1 is connected to pin 39 of chip U2 and the other end of resistor R1 is connected to VCC. One end of resistor R2 is connected to pin 38 of chip U2 and the other end of resistor R2 is connected to VCC. One end of resistor R3 is connected to pin 37 of chip U2 and the other end of resistor R3 is connected to VCC. One end of resistor R4 is connected to pin 36 of chip U2 and the other end of resistor R4 is connected to VCC.
[0016] As a further preferred embodiment of the transformer fault diagnosis device based on ultrasonic detection of this utility model, the display module is a touch screen display module.
[0017] As a further preferred embodiment of the transformer fault diagnosis device based on ultrasonic detection of this utility model, the clock chip is model DS1302.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention, by adopting the above technical solution, has the following technical effects:
[0019] This invention relates to a transformer fault diagnosis device based on ultrasonic detection. It comprises a sensor network consisting of multiple sensor nodes for detecting ambient noise around the transformer, and also includes a convergence node and an end-user management node. The multi-sensor array design of this invention provides wide coverage and precise fault location. Real-time monitoring and diagnosis enable rapid response to fault signals and support online analysis. By detecting ambient noise around the transformer, utilizing mature type classification methods, and combining existing deep learning methods, it provides early warning of transformer discharge faults. Attached Figure Description
[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of a transformer fault diagnosis device based on ultrasonic detection according to this utility model;
[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sensor node of this utility model;
[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the convergence node of this utility model;
[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the terminal user management node of this utility model;
[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the noise in the channel sampling signal of this utility model;
[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the amplitude-frequency curve of the signal of this utility model;
[0027] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the sensor signal conditioning module of this utility model;
[0028] Figure 8 This is the circuit diagram of the power supply module of this utility model;
[0029] Figure 9 This is the circuit diagram of the first controller module of this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0030] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
[0031] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0032] A transformer fault diagnosis device based on ultrasonic detection, such as Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a sensor network consisting of multiple sensor nodes for detecting ambient noise around the transformer, and also includes a convergence node and an end-user management node; the sensor nodes are communicatively connected to the convergence node, and the convergence node is communicatively connected to the end-user management node.
[0033] like Figure 2As shown, the sensor node includes an ultrasonic sensor, a sensor signal conditioning module, a first controller module, a first communication module, and a power supply module; the ultrasonic sensor is connected to the first controller module through the sensor signal conditioning module, and the first communication module and the power supply module are respectively connected to the first controller module;
[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, the aggregation node includes a second controller module and a second communication module connected thereto;
[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, the terminal user management node includes a third controller module, a third communication module, an alarm module, a display module, a clock module, a memory module, and an interface module. The third communication module, alarm module, display module, clock module, memory module, and interface module are respectively connected to the third controller module.
[0036] This invention addresses four problems: noise collection, noise spectrum analysis, fault level classification, and fault diagnosis and early warning. It involves selecting a suitable ultrasonic sensor and rationally arranging the probe nodes in the environment surrounding the transformer.
[0037] Spectrum conversion, let the sampled signal (noise) of a certain channel be x[n], such as Figure 5 As shown, the Fourier transform is used to obtain the spectrum X(jw) of x[n], and the amplitude-frequency curve (or Bode plot) of the signal is plotted, as follows. Figure 6 As shown:
[0038] Given a signal y[n] to be diagnosed and its spectrum Y(jw), assuming the transformer is operating normally, let it be X(jw). Divide the spectrum of frequency w from 15 to 160 kHz into n = 145 equal intervals, and calculate the area ratio S of the signal to be diagnosed and Y in the k-th (=1,2,...,n) interval. k The number of intervals with an area ratio > 2 (Len) within n intervals is counted. Based on experience and national standards, the Len classification is as follows: Discharge level and reliability measure are shown in Table 1.
[0039] Table 1
[0040] normal Only<1 0 No discharge slight discharge 1<Len<2 1 smaller Moderate discharge 2<Len<4 2 Larger severe discharge 4<Len<6 3 affim
[0041] 4-class classification algorithm
[0042] Read BOD cruve of normal sampler / / x[n]
[0043] Get a BOD curve of sampler to be catloged / / y[n]
[0044] Set Len = 0
[0045] For i = 1 to M / / M = 145
[0046] Caculate S[i]
[0047] If S[i]>1, Len+=1
[0048] End For
[0049] If Len < 1, Log = 0
[0050] If Len>1 and Len<2, Log=1
[0051] The gateway, also known as a power distribution partial discharge (PD) acquisition device, communicates wirelessly with PD sensors in the power distribution environment and with UHF sensors in space via coaxial cable. After collecting data from all sensors and repackaging the data, it reports it to the client via the Modbus protocol.
[0052] Data services primarily involve data computation and storage. The role of data services is to integrate massive information resources within the network into a large, interconnected network using computing power, solving problems related to data storage, retrieval, use, mining, and security and privacy protection. Using spectrum analysis as the basis for calculation, the diagnostic results have good anti-interference capabilities and high stability. For spectrum calculation in this patent, there are already very mature tools available, such as open-source code provided by platforms like MATLAB and Paython. The computational load of this patent is very small, making it suitable for online monitoring.
[0053] like Figure 7 As shown, the sensor signal conditioning module includes a preamplifier, a bandpass filter, and an analog-to-digital converter, used to amplify, filter, and digitize ultrasonic signals. The ultrasonic sensor is connected to the first controller module in sequence through the preamplifier, bandpass filter, and analog-to-digital converter.
[0054] The alarm module uses an audible and visual alarm device.
[0055] The sensor nodes transmit data with the aggregation node via the Modbus protocol.
[0056] like Figure 8As shown, the power module includes a chip U1, a power supply B1, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, an inductor L1, and a Zener diode D1. Pin 1 of chip U1 is connected to the positive terminal of power supply B1 and one end of capacitor C1, while the negative terminal of power supply B1 is grounded. The other end of capacitor C1 is grounded. Pin 3 and pin 5 of chip U1 are grounded. Pin 2 of chip U1 is connected to the negative terminal of Zener diode D1 and one end of inductor L1, while the positive terminal of Zener diode is grounded. The other end of inductor L1 is connected to one end of capacitor C2, pin 4 of chip U1, and the Output terminal, while the other end of capacitor C2 is grounded.
[0057] like Figure 9 As shown, the first controller module includes chip U2, capacitors C3, C4, and C5, crystal oscillator X1, switch S1, and resistors R1, R2, R3, and R4. One end of capacitor C3 is connected to one end of crystal oscillator X1 and pin 19 of chip U2. The other end of crystal oscillator X1 is connected to one end of capacitor C4 and pin 18 of chip U2. The other end of capacitor C3 and capacitor C4 are grounded. One end of resistor R5 is connected to one end of capacitor C5, one end of switch S1, and pin 9 of chip U2. Connect the following: the other end of resistor R5 is grounded; the other end of capacitor C5 is connected to VCC and the other end of switch S1; one end of resistor R1 is connected to pin 39 of chip U2 and the other end is connected to VCC; one end of resistor R2 is connected to pin 38 of chip U2 and the other end is connected to VCC; one end of resistor R3 is connected to pin 37 of chip U2 and the other end is connected to VCC; one end of resistor R4 is connected to pin 36 of chip U2 and the other end is connected to VCC.
[0058] The display module is a touch screen display module.
[0059] The clock chip is model DS1302.
[0060] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have the same meaning as in the context of the prior art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless defined as herein.
[0061] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept of this utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications made to the technical solution based on the technical concept proposed in this utility model shall fall within the scope of protection of this utility model. The implementation methods of this utility model have been described in detail above, but this utility model is not limited to the above-described implementation methods. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of this utility model.
[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.
Claims
1. A transformer fault diagnosis device based on ultrasonic detection, characterized by: The system includes a sensor network consisting of multiple sensor nodes for detecting ambient noise around the transformer, and also includes a convergence node and an end-user management node; the sensor nodes are communicatively connected to the convergence node, and the convergence node is communicatively connected to the end-user management node. The sensor node includes an ultrasonic sensor, a sensor signal conditioning module, a first controller module, a first communication module, and a power supply module; the ultrasonic sensor is connected to the first controller module through the sensor signal conditioning module, and the first communication module and the power supply module are respectively connected to the first controller module; The aggregation node includes a second controller module and a second communication module connected thereto; The terminal user management node includes a third controller module, a third communication module, an alarm module, a display module, a clock module, a memory module, and an interface module. The third communication module, alarm module, display module, clock module, memory module, and interface module are respectively connected to the third controller module.
2. The transformer fault diagnosis device based on ultrasonic detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor signal conditioning module includes a preamplifier, a bandpass filter, and an analog-to-digital converter, used to amplify, filter, and digitize ultrasonic signals. The ultrasonic sensor is connected to the first controller module in sequence through the preamplifier, bandpass filter, and analog-to-digital converter.
3. The transformer fault diagnosis apparatus based on ultrasonic detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alarm module uses an audible and visual alarm device.
4. The transformer fault diagnosis apparatus based on ultrasonic detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor nodes transmit data with the aggregation node via the Modbus protocol.
5. The transformer fault diagnosis apparatus based on ultrasonic detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power module includes a chip U1, a power supply B1, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, an inductor L1, and a Zener diode D1. Pin 1 of chip U1 is connected to the positive terminal of power supply B1 and one end of capacitor C1. The negative terminal of power supply B1 is grounded, and the other end of capacitor C1 is grounded. Pin 3 and pin 5 of chip U1 are grounded. Pin 2 of chip U1 is connected to the negative terminal of Zener diode D1 and one end of inductor L1. The positive terminal of Zener diode is grounded. The other end of inductor L1 is connected to one end of capacitor C2, pin 4 of chip U1, and the output terminal. The other end of capacitor C2 is grounded.
6. The transformer fault diagnosis device based on ultrasonic detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first controller module includes chip U2, capacitor C3, capacitor C4, capacitor C5, crystal oscillator X1, switch S1, resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, and resistor R4; in One end of capacitor C3 is connected to one end of crystal oscillator X1 and pin 19 of chip U2. The other end of crystal oscillator X1 is connected to one end of capacitor C4 and pin 18 of chip U2. The other end of capacitor C3 is grounded. The other end of capacitor C4 is grounded. One end of resistor R5 is connected to one end of capacitor C5, one end of switch S1, and pin 9 of chip U2. The other end of resistor R5 is grounded. The other end of capacitor C5 is connected to VCC and the other end of switch S1. One end of resistor R1 is connected to pin 39 of chip U2 and the other end of resistor R1 is connected to VCC. One end of resistor R2 is connected to pin 38 of chip U2 and the other end of resistor R2 is connected to VCC. One end of resistor R3 is connected to pin 37 of chip U2 and the other end of resistor R3 is connected to VCC. One end of resistor R4 is connected to pin 36 of chip U2 and the other end of resistor R4 is connected to VCC.
7. The transformer fault diagnosis apparatus based on ultrasonic detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display module is a touch screen display module.
8. The transformer fault diagnosis apparatus based on ultrasonic detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clock module is model DS1302.