A high-sensitivity real-time measurement system for gaseous tritium

Abstract

This invention provides a high-sensitivity real-time measurement system for gaseous tritium, comprising an ionization chamber tritium measurement unit and a liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit, both connected to a sampling unit. The ionization chamber tritium measurement unit is used to measure the tritium concentration in radon-containing environments in real time, while the liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit is used to accurately measure the tritium concentration. The measurement data from both units are uploaded to a data processing unit. When the data in the data processing unit exceeds a threshold, an alarm unit triggers an alarm. This invention utilizes the collaborative operation of the ionization chamber tritium measurement unit and the liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit, combined with a differential ionization chamber design to eliminate interference from radon and cosmic rays, and the fully automated sample preparation process of the liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit, to achieve real-time monitoring of tritium concentration in high-radon environments and accurate analysis of low-value tritium concentrations. It solves the problems of high detection limits and offline measurement lag in existing technologies, and is suitable for real-time monitoring and accurate analysis of low-concentration tritium concentrations in scenarios such as nuclear facility exhaust pipes and ambient atmospheres.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of nuclear radiation monitoring technology, and in particular to a high-sensitivity real-time measurement system for gaseous tritium. Background Technology

[0002] tritium( 3 Tritium (H) is a radioactive element produced and released during the production process of nuclear power plants and nuclear fuel processing plants. It decays, releasing beta rays with a maximum energy of 18.6 keV and an average energy of 5.7 keV. Due to its low energy, beta rays have a short range in air, making measurement difficult. Current tritium measurement techniques mainly include:

[0003] (1) Ionization Chamber Method: A sampled gas containing gaseous tritium is passed into a tritium ionization chamber. The β particles produced by tritium decay interact with the medium within the chamber, causing ionization of the medium molecules and generating electron-ion pairs. A voltage is applied between the electrodes of the ionization chamber to create an electric field. Under the influence of this electric field, the generated positive and negative ions drift towards the negative and positive electrodes, respectively, forming an ionization current. The magnitude of the ionization current is proportional to the tritium activity. By measuring the magnitude of the ionization current, the tritium activity can be determined. Because background ionizing radiation exists in the air, a compensation ionization chamber is needed to eliminate the influence of background ionizing radiation and provide real-time monitoring capabilities.

[0004] However, while ionization chambers can measure tritium concentration in the air in real time, their detection limit is relatively high (≥3.7 × 10⁻⁶). 4 Bq / m 3 This cannot meet the requirement of low concentration (≤1×10⁻⁶). 3 Bq / m 3 It has monitoring needs and is susceptible to interference from radon and cosmic rays.

[0005] (2) Liquid scintillation spectroscopy method: First, gaseous tritium is completely converted into water tritide through catalytic oxidation. Then, water tritide in the air is collected using methods such as bubbling, condensation, freezing, and adsorption to form a tritium-containing liquid sample. Finally, this sample is mixed with scintillation liquid and sent to an automatic measurement unit to measure the tritium activity. The concentration of tritium in the air is then calculated based on the volume of air collected.

[0006] However, although liquid scintillation spectrometry has a low limit of measurement and can achieve low concentration measurement, it requires offline sampling, sample preparation and measurement, resulting in monitoring lag and failing to meet the requirements for online rapid response.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a system that combines real-time monitoring with high-sensitivity measurement to solve the problems of high radon background interference and low concentration detection. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-sensitivity real-time measurement system for gaseous tritium, which can achieve rapid online monitoring of tritium concentration and accurate analysis of low concentration in a high-radon environment through the coordinated work of an ionization chamber tritium measurement unit and a liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit, while eliminating interference from radon and cosmic rays.

[0009] This invention provides a high-sensitivity real-time measurement system for gaseous tritium, comprising a sampling unit, an ionization chamber tritium measurement unit, a liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit, a data processing unit, and an alarm unit. The ionization chamber tritium measurement unit and the liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit are respectively connected to the sampling unit. The ionization chamber tritium measurement unit is used to measure the tritium concentration in a radon-containing environment in real time, and the liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit is used to accurately measure the tritium concentration. The measurement data from the ionization chamber tritium measurement unit and the liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit are respectively uploaded to the data processing unit. When the data in the data processing unit exceeds a threshold, the alarm unit triggers an alarm.

[0010] Furthermore, the ionization chamber tritium measurement unit includes a first measurement component and a second measurement component, wherein the first measurement component measures radon and tritium signals, and the second measurement component measures radon signals.

[0011] Furthermore, the ionization chamber tritium measurement unit includes an electrometer, and the radon signal and tritium signal measured by the first measurement component and the radon signal measured by the second measurement component are differentially superimposed by the electrometer to eliminate radon signal interference.

[0012] Furthermore, the ionization chamber tritium measurement unit includes a tail gas collection assembly, through which the gas passing through the first measurement assembly and the second measurement assembly is collected.

[0013] Furthermore, the first measuring component includes a first ionization chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, the second measuring component includes a catalytic reactor and a second ionization chamber, wherein the catalytic reactor removes tritium from a gas containing radon and tritium using a catalyst.

[0015] Furthermore, the liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit includes a tritium gas sampling component, a tritium liquid sample preparation component, and an automatic measurement component; the tritium gas sampling component is used to dissolve tritium gas in the sampling liquid to prepare a tritium liquid, and mix them evenly; the tritium liquid sample preparation component is used to add the tritium liquid and scintillation fluid in a specific ratio into the measurement bottle; the automatic measurement component is used to measure the scintillation spectrum of the measurement bottle placed therein, and calculate the tritium activity after measurement.

[0016] Furthermore, the tritium-containing gas sampling assembly includes a gas pump, a flow meter, a catalytic oxidation furnace, a sampling bottle, and a bubbler connected in sequence, with the bubbler disposed inside the sampling bottle; the tritium-containing liquid sample preparation assembly includes a water pump, a pure water tank, a first peristaltic pump, a second peristaltic pump, and a scintillation liquid storage tank, with the pure water tank connected to the sampling bottle via the water pump, the sampling bottle connected to the measurement bottle via the first peristaltic pump, and the scintillation liquid storage tank connected to the measurement bottle via the second peristaltic pump; the automatic measurement assembly includes a measurement bottle support plate and a light-shielding cover disposed inside the liquid scintillation spectrometer. After the measurement bottle enters the sample inlet of the liquid scintillation spectrometer, the measurement bottle support plate is released to allow the measurement bottle to enter the measurement station, and then the light-shielding cover is closed. The scintillation spectrum is measured using a photomultiplier tube, and the tritium activity is calculated after the measurement is completed.

[0017] Furthermore, the liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit includes a sample delivery operation component, which is used to control the movement position of the measurement bottle.

[0018] Furthermore, the sample delivery operation component includes a guide rail, an operating gripper, and a rotating gripper, with the operating gripper movably mounted on the guide rail. Within the operating range of the guide rail and the operating gripper, there are a measurement bottle storage tank, a scintillation liquid filling port, a sampling liquid filling port, an automatic measurement component inlet, and a measurement bottle collection box. The operating range of the rotating gripper is located within the operating range of the operating gripper, and the rotating gripper is used to unscrew and tighten the cap of the measurement bottle.

[0019] This invention utilizes the real-time monitoring capability of the ionization chamber tritium measurement unit and the low-concentration measurement capability of the liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit in synergy. Combined with a differential ionization chamber design to eliminate interference from radon and cosmic rays, and a fully automated sample preparation process for the liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit, it achieves real-time monitoring of tritium concentration in high-radon environments and measurements as low as 1×10⁻⁶. 3 Bq / m 3 Precise analysis. It solves the problems of high detection limits and offline measurement lag in existing technologies, and is suitable for real-time monitoring and precise low-concentration analysis of tritium concentration in scenarios such as nuclear facility exhaust pipes and ambient atmosphere. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall system of this utility model;

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0023] 1-Air pump; 2-Flow meter; 3-Catalytic oxidation furnace; 4-First sampling bottle; 5-Second sampling bottle; 6-Bubbler; 7-Water pump; 8-Pure water tank; 9-First solenoid valve; 10-Sampling liquid mixing tank; 11-Scintillation liquid storage tank; 12-First peristaltic pump; 13-Second peristaltic pump; 14-Second solenoid valve; 15-Guide rail; 16-Slider; 17-Extension arm; 18-Measuring bottle storage tank; 19-Measuring bottle; 20-Rotating gripper; 21-Operating gripper; 211-Measuring bottle gripping position; 212-Bottle cap operating position; 213 214-Scintillation fluid filling position; 215-Sampling fluid filling position; 216-Automatic measurement unit inlet; 22-Measurement bottle collection position; 23-Measurement bottle collection box; 24-Waste liquid tank; 25-Automatic measurement component; 26-Sampling unit; 27-First measurement component; 28-First ionization chamber; 29-Second measurement component; 20-Catalytic reactor; 210-Second ionization chamber; 211-Bubbler; 22-Solenoid valve; 23-Buffer; 34-Pump; 35-Tail gas collection component; 36-Data processing unit; 37-Alarm unit. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0026] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a high-sensitivity real-time measurement system for gaseous tritium, including a sampling unit 25, an ionization chamber tritium measurement unit, a liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit, a data processing unit 32, and an alarm unit 33. The ionization chamber tritium measurement unit and the liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit are respectively connected to the sampling unit 25. The ionization chamber tritium measurement unit is used to measure the tritium concentration in a radon-containing environment in real time, and the liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit is used to accurately measure the tritium concentration. The measurement data from the ionization chamber tritium measurement unit and the liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit are respectively uploaded to the data processing unit 32. When the data in the data processing unit 32 exceeds the threshold, the alarm unit 33 triggers an alarm.

[0029] Specifically, the ionization chamber tritium measurement unit and the liquid flash tritium measurement unit share the same sampling unit 25. The gas from the sampling unit 25 is divided into two paths, entering the ionization chamber tritium measurement unit and the liquid flash tritium measurement unit respectively. After enrichment, the air is returned to the exhaust duct. The data from the ionization chamber tritium measurement unit is uploaded to the host computer data processing unit 32 in real time, and the results from the liquid flash tritium measurement unit are periodically fed back to the data processing unit 32. When the threshold is exceeded, the alarm unit 33 is triggered. The data processing unit 32 and the alarm unit 33 can be a host computer, etc.

[0030] The tritium measurement unit in the ionization chamber has a measurement range of 1×10⁻⁶. 5 ~1×10 10 Bq / m3; flow rate controlled at 1L / min; fA-level current measured using capacitance integration method; response time ≤60 seconds. The liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit uses an RLS400P liquid scintillation spectrometer with a measurement range of 1×10⁻⁶. 3 ~1×10 5 Bq / m 3 The detection efficiency is ≥25%. Through a dual-mode measurement combining real-time monitoring by the ionization chamber tritium measurement unit and high-sensitivity measurement by the liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit, this system can cover a wide concentration range (1×10⁻⁶). 3 ~1×1010 Bq / m 3 ).

[0031] Example 2

[0032] The ionization chamber tritium measurement unit includes a first measuring component 26 and a second measuring component 27. The first measuring component 26 measures radon and tritium signals, and the second measuring component 27 measures the radon signal. The ionization chamber tritium measurement unit includes an electrometer (not shown). The radon and tritium signals measured by the first measuring component 26 and the radon signal measured by the second measuring component 27 are differentially superimposed using the electrometer to eliminate radon signal interference. The ionization chamber tritium measurement unit includes a tail gas collection component 31, through which the gas passing through the first measuring component 26 and the second measuring component 27 is collected. The first measuring component 26 includes a first ionization chamber 261. The second measuring component 27 includes a catalytic reactor 271 and a second ionization chamber 272. The catalytic reactor 271 removes tritium from the gas containing radon and tritium using a catalyst.

[0033] Specifically, the tritium ionization chamber measurement unit adopts a symmetrical dual-ionization chamber differential design, equipped with a catalytic reactor 271 and an electrometer to eliminate radon interference and output tritium concentration in real time. The tritium ionization chamber measurement unit also includes a solenoid valve 28, a bubbler 273, a buffer 29, and a pump 30. After the sampled gas enters the tritium ionization chamber measurement unit, it is divided into two paths:

[0034] One path is the first measuring component 26, which enters the first ionization chamber 261 directly without any processing, and directly measures the superposition signal of radon + tritium. The signal is then converted by an electrometer and sent to a preamplifier for signal superposition.

[0035] The other path is the second measurement component 27, which removes HT from the gas containing radon and tritium (Rn+HT) through the catalytic reactor 271 containing the catalyst. After the gas contains only radioactive gases such as Rn, it enters the second ionization chamber 272 to measure the radon signal. The signal is then converted by the electrometer and sent to the preamplifier current adder for signal superposition.

[0036] The preamplifier circuit differentially superimposes the signals from the first ionization chamber 261 and the second ionization chamber 272 to eliminate radon interference. After calculation and analysis by the adder differential / main controller, the tritium concentration data is obtained, and the output is only a tritium signal. By combining differential ionization chamber design with catalytic tritium removal technology, radon and cosmic ray interference are effectively eliminated.

[0037] When a tritium concentration alarm is triggered, the sample gas is fed into bubbler 273 for collection. It is then sent to the laboratory for precise measurement.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] The liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit includes a tritium gas sampling component, a tritium liquid sample preparation component, and an automatic measurement component 24. The tritium gas sampling component is used to dissolve tritium gas in the sampling liquid to prepare a tritium liquid and mix it evenly. The tritium liquid sample preparation component is used to add the tritium liquid and scintillation fluid into the measurement bottle in a specific ratio. The automatic measurement component 24 is used to measure the scintillation spectrum of the measurement bottle placed in it and calculate the tritium activity after measurement. The tritium-containing gas sampling assembly includes a gas pump 1, a flow meter 2, a catalytic oxidation furnace 3, a sampling bottle, and a bubbler 273 connected in sequence. The bubbler 273 is located inside the sampling bottle. The tritium-containing liquid sample preparation assembly includes a water pump 7, a pure water tank 8, a first peristaltic pump 12, a second peristaltic pump 13, and a scintillation liquid storage tank 11. The pure water tank 8 is connected to the sampling bottle via the water pump 7. The sampling bottle is connected to the measurement bottle via the first peristaltic pump 12. The scintillation liquid storage tank 11 is connected to the measurement bottle via the second peristaltic pump 13. The automatic measurement assembly 24 includes a measurement bottle support plate and a light-shielding cover installed inside the liquid scintillation spectrometer. After the measurement bottle enters the sample inlet of the liquid scintillation spectrometer, the measurement bottle support plate is released to allow the measurement bottle to enter the measurement position. Then, the light-shielding cover is closed, and the scintillation spectrum is measured using a photomultiplier tube. After the measurement is completed, the tritium activity is calculated. The liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit includes a sample delivery operation assembly, which is used to control the movement position of the measurement bottle. The sample delivery operation assembly includes a guide rail 15, an operating gripper 21, and a rotating gripper 20. The operating gripper 21 is movably mounted on the guide rail 15. Within the operating range of the guide rail 15 and the operating gripper 21, there are a measurement bottle storage tank 18, a scintillation liquid filling port, a sampling liquid filling port, an automatic measurement component inlet 215, and a measurement bottle collection box 22. The operating range of the rotating gripper 20 is located within the operating range of the operating gripper 21. The rotating gripper 20 is used to open and tighten the cap of the measurement bottle.

[0040] Specifically, the liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit is used for the enrichment and accurate measurement of low-concentration tritium. Gaseous tritium is enriched into a bubbling liquid via a tritium-containing gas sampling component and a tritium-containing liquid sample preparation component. After mixing with the scintillation fluid, the mixture is sent to a liquid scintillation spectrometer. The spectrometer uses a multichannel analyzer to detect the β energy spectrum (0–18.6 keV) while shielding against radon α / β interference. The basic principle of the liquid scintillation spectrometer is based on the fluorescence effect generated by the interaction of radiation and matter. When radioactive particles emitted by a radioactive isotope collide with solvent molecules in the scintillation fluid, the solvent molecules absorb the radiation energy and transition to an excited state. Subsequently, during their return to the ground state, they transfer energy to the scintillator molecules. The scintillator molecules emit fluorescent photons as they return from the excited state to the ground state. These fluorescent photons are received by a photomultiplier tube and converted into photoelectrons. After multiplication, they are collected at the anode and finally output as pulse signals. By coinciding, amplifying, analyzing, and displaying these pulse signals, the intensity and magnitude of radioactivity in the sample liquid can be reflected.

[0041] Tritium catalytic oxidation technology utilizes a catalyst to react gaseous tritium (HT, T2) with oxygen at high temperatures to generate water tritide (HTO), making it easier to adsorb and treat tritium in the air. The catalysts used are mainly metal oxide catalysts (such as copper oxide, cerium oxide, etc.) and noble metal catalysts (such as platinum, palladium, etc.). The bubbling method for collecting water tritide involves passing air through a collection system containing water or other non-aqueous solvents, allowing the water tritide vapor in the air to be absorbed by the solvent, thus capturing the water tritide.

[0042] In the tritium-containing gas sampling assembly of this embodiment, the gas pump 1 is used to send the gas to be measured into the system; the flow meter 2 is used to measure the gas flow rate; the catalytic oxidation furnace 3 is used to convert gaseous tritium (T2, HT) into tritized water; there are two sampling bottles, namely the first sampling bottle 4 and the second sampling bottle 5 connected in series along the tritized water path. The two sampling bottles (4, 5) are equipped with a bubbler 6. The gas passes through the bubbler 6 to dissolve the tritized water into the sampling liquid (pure water 8), thereby achieving the sampling and enrichment of tritium.

[0043] In this embodiment of the tritium-containing liquid sample preparation assembly, water pump 7 is used to extract a certain amount of purified water 8 from purified water tank 8 and add it to the first sampling bottle 4 and the second sampling bottle 5 respectively. After sampling, a certain amount of purified water 8 is extracted from purified water tank 8 in 2-3 times to rinse the sampling bottles (4, 5). The first sampling bottle 4 and the second sampling bottle 5 are mixed through sampling liquid mixing tank 10 and controlled by the first solenoid valve 9. The first peristaltic pump 12 extracts 8 ml of liquid from the sampling bottles (4, 5) through sampling liquid mixing tank 10 and adds it to the scintillation measurement bottle 19. The second peristaltic pump 13 is used to extract 12 ml of scintillation liquid from scintillation liquid storage tank 11 and add it to the scintillation measurement bottle 19. The remaining mixed sampling liquid in sampling liquid mixing tank 10 is discharged into waste liquid tank 23 through pipeline and the second solenoid valve 14.

[0044] In the sample delivery operation assembly of this embodiment, the operating gripper 21 is mounted on the extension arm 17. The extension arm 17 is moved and mounted on the guide rail 15 via the slider 16. After tritium collection is completed, the operating gripper 21, driven by the linear guide rail 15, sequentially completes the following operations: gripping an empty measuring bottle 19 from the measuring bottle gripping position 211 below the measuring bottle storage tank 18; reaching the bottle cap operation position 212 (by rotating the gripper 20) to unscrew the bottle cap; reaching the scintillation liquid filling position 213 to fill the scintillation liquid; reaching the sampling liquid filling position 214 to fill the tritium-containing liquid; returning to the bottle cap operation position 212 (by rotating the gripper 20) to tighten the bottle cap; shaking the measuring bottle 19 (by operating the gripper 21); sending the measuring bottle 19 to the liquid scintillation spectrometer inlet; and releasing the gripper. After the automatic measurement component 24 completes the measurement, the operating gripper 21, driven by the linear guide rail 15, sequentially completes the operations of picking up the measurement bottle 19 from the sample inlet 215 of the automatic measurement component, reaching the measurement bottle collection position 216 of the measurement bottle collection box 22, and releasing the gripper.

[0045] The measurement method of this utility model's high-sensitivity real-time measurement system for gaseous tritium:

[0046] The gas from the sampling unit is split into two paths, one entering the tritium measurement unit in the ionization chamber and the other entering the tritium scintillation measurement unit in the liquid scintillation chamber.

[0047] After entering the tritium measurement unit in the ionization chamber, the signal splits into two paths: one is the first measurement component 26, which enters the first ionization chamber 261 directly without any processing, directly measuring the superimposed signal of radon + tritium. This signal is then converted by an electrometer and sent to a preamplifier for signal superposition. The other path is the second measurement component 27, which passes through a catalytic reactor 271 containing a catalyst to remove HT from the gas containing radon and tritium (Rn + HT), leaving only radioactive gases such as Rn. This gas then enters the second ionization chamber 272 to measure the radon signal, which is also converted by an electrometer and sent to a preamplifier for signal superposition. The preamplifier circuit differentially superimposes the signals from the first ionization chamber 261 and the second ionization chamber 272 to eliminate radon interference. After calculation and analysis by the differential / main controller of the adder, the tritium concentration data is obtained, and the output is only the tritium signal. Through the differential ionization chamber design combined with catalytic tritium removal technology, interference from radon and cosmic rays is effectively eliminated.

[0048] After entering the liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit, tritium-containing air is collected by gas pump 1 and sent to catalytic oxidation furnace 3. In catalytic oxidation furnace 3, gaseous tritium is converted into tritized water and further sent to sampling bottle. The gas in the sampling bottle is bubbled by bubbler 6 to dissolve the tritized water into the sampling liquid (pure water 8), thus achieving tritium sampling and enrichment. The first peristaltic pump 12 draws liquid from the sampling bottle and adds it to the scintillation measurement bottle 19; the second peristaltic pump 13 draws scintillation liquid from the scintillation liquid storage tank 11 and adds it to the scintillation measurement bottle 19. Driven by the linear guide rail 15, the operating gripper 21 picks up an empty measuring bottle 19 from below the measuring bottle storage tank 18, and carries the measuring bottle 19 to the cap operation position 212. The cap is then unscrewed by rotating the gripper 20, and the bottle proceeds to the scintillation fluid filling position 213 to add scintillation fluid. Next, it reaches the sampling liquid filling position 214 to add tritium-containing liquid, then returns to the cap operation position 212, tightens the cap by rotating the gripper 20, and shakes the measuring bottle 19 to send it to the automatic measurement component inlet 215. The gripper then releases the bottle, allowing it to fall into the automatic measurement component 24. After the measuring bottle 19 enters the automatic measurement component inlet 215, the scintillation spectrum is measured, and the tritium activity is calculated. After the automatic measurement component 24 completes the measurement, the operating gripper 21, driven by the linear guide rail 15, picks up the measuring bottle 19 from the automatic measurement component inlet 215, and carries it to the measuring bottle collection box 22. The gripper then releases the bottle, allowing it to fall into the measuring bottle collection box 22.

[0049] The tritium measurement unit data in the ionization chamber is uploaded to the host computer data processing unit 32 in real time, and the results of the liquid flashover tritium measurement unit are periodically fed back to the host computer data processing unit 32. When the threshold is exceeded, the alarm unit 33 is triggered to alarm.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high-sensitivity real-time measurement system for gaseous tritium, characterized in that, It includes a sampling unit, an ionization chamber tritium measurement unit, a liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit, a data processing unit, and an alarm unit; The ionization chamber tritium measurement unit and the liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit are respectively connected to the sampling unit. The ionization chamber tritium measurement unit is used to measure the tritium concentration in the radon-containing environment in real time, and the liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit is used to accurately measure the tritium concentration. The measurement data from the ionization chamber tritium measurement unit and the liquid flash tritium measurement unit are respectively uploaded to the data processing unit. When the data in the data processing unit exceeds the threshold, the alarm unit triggers an alarm.

2. The high-sensitivity real-time measurement system of gaseous tritium according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ionization chamber tritium measurement unit includes a first measurement component and a second measurement component. The first measurement component measures radon and tritium signals, and the second measurement component measures radon signals.

3. The high-sensitivity real-time measurement system of gaseous tritium according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ionization chamber tritium measurement unit includes an electrometer. The radon signal and tritium signal measured by the first measurement component and the radon signal measured by the second measurement component are differentially superimposed by the electrometer to eliminate radon signal interference.

4. The high-sensitivity real-time measurement system of gaseous tritium according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tritium measurement unit in the ionization chamber includes a tail gas collection assembly, through which the gas passing through the first measurement assembly and the second measurement assembly is collected.

5. The high-sensitivity real-time measurement system of gaseous tritium according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first measuring component includes a first ionization chamber.

6. The high-sensitivity real-time measurement system of gaseous tritium according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second measuring component includes a catalytic reactor and a second ionization chamber, wherein the catalytic reactor removes tritium from a gas containing radon and tritium using a catalyst.

7. The high-sensitivity real-time measurement system for gaseous tritium according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid scintillation tritium detection unit includes a tritium-containing gas sampling component, a tritium-containing liquid sample preparation component, and an automatic measurement component; The tritium-containing gas sampling component is used to dissolve tritium-containing gas in the sampling liquid to prepare a tritium-containing liquid and mix it evenly; The tritium-containing liquid sample preparation assembly is used to mix and add the tritium-containing liquid and scintillation fluid into the measurement bottle in a specific ratio; The automatic measurement component is used to measure the scintillation spectrum of the measurement bottle placed inside, and then calculate the tritium activity.

8. The high-sensitivity real-time measurement system for gaseous tritium according to claim 7, characterized in that, The tritium-containing gas sampling assembly includes a gas pump, a flow meter, a catalytic oxidation furnace, a sampling bottle, and a bubbler connected in sequence, with the bubbler disposed inside the sampling bottle; The tritium-containing liquid sample preparation assembly includes a water pump, a pure water tank, a first peristaltic pump, a second peristaltic pump, and a scintillation liquid storage tank. The pure water tank is connected to the sampling bottle through the water pump, the sampling bottle is connected to the measurement bottle through the first peristaltic pump, and the scintillation liquid storage tank is connected to the measurement bottle through the second peristaltic pump. The automatic measurement component includes a measurement bottle support plate and a light-shielding cover installed inside the liquid scintillation spectrometer. After the measurement bottle enters the sample inlet of the liquid scintillation spectrometer, the measurement bottle support plate is released to allow the measurement bottle to enter the measurement station. Then the light-shielding cover is closed, and the scintillation spectrum is measured using a photomultiplier tube. After the measurement is completed, the activity of tritium is calculated.

9. The high-sensitivity real-time measurement system for gaseous tritium according to claim 7, characterized in that, The liquid scintillation tritium measurement unit includes a sample delivery operation component, which is used to control the movement position of the measurement bottle; The sample delivery assembly includes a guide rail, an operating gripper, and a rotating gripper. The operating gripper is movably mounted on the guide rail. Within the operating range of the guide rail and the operating gripper, there are a measurement bottle storage tank, a scintillation liquid filling port, a sampling liquid filling port, an automatic measurement component inlet, and a measurement bottle collection box. The operating range of the rotating gripper is located within the operating range of the operating gripper, and the rotating gripper is used to open and tighten the cap of the measurement bottle.

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