Head-up display devices and vehicles

Abstract

This application relates to a head-up display device and a vehicle. The head-up display device includes an image transmission component and a stray light elimination unit. The stray light elimination unit is disposed on the light-emitting side of the image transmission component and includes a polarizer and a phase retardation film disposed along the light path. The phase retardation film is disposed between the polarizer and the image transmission component. This application can solve the glare problem and ensure driving experience and driving safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of head-up display technology, and more specifically, to a head-up display device and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In-vehicle HUDs (Head-Up Displays) project vehicle information onto the windshield, allowing drivers to access information without looking down. However, in real-world applications, when driving in bright sunlight or streetlights, the windshield reflects this glare, obscuring the projected image and causing glare. Glare interferes with the driver's vision, hindering their ability to clearly see the information displayed on the HUD, thus impacting both driving experience and safety. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide a head-up display device and vehicle in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this application to solve its technical problem is: constructing a head-up display device, including: Image transmission components; and A stray light elimination unit is disposed on the optical path of the light-emitting side of the image transmission component, and includes a polarizer and a phase delay plate disposed along the optical path; the phase delay plate is disposed between the polarizer and the image transmission component.

[0005] Furthermore, the phase delay plate is a quarter-wave plate.

[0006] Furthermore, the angle between the transmission axis of the polarizer and the fast axis of the phase retarder is 45°.

[0007] Furthermore, the polarizer is greater than or equal to the phase retarder; the phase retarder is greater than or equal to the light-emitting surface of the image transmission component.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes an image generation mechanism, which is disposed at the coupling inlet of the image transmission component.

[0009] Furthermore, the image transmission component includes an optical waveguide and an aberration compensation mirror, with the optical waveguide disposed between the image generation mechanism and the aberration compensation mirror.

[0010] Furthermore, the optical waveguide includes a two-dimensional array of optical waveguides; Alternatively, the optical waveguide may comprise two one-dimensional arrayed optical waveguides.

[0011] Furthermore, the aberration compensation mirror is a Fresnel mirror or a freeform mirror.

[0012] Furthermore, the aberration compensation mirror has a polished surface on the side opposite to the optical waveguide.

[0013] Construct a vehicle that includes the head-up display device described in any of the preceding claims.

[0014] Implementing the technical solution constructed in this application has at least the following beneficial effects: This application eliminates glare by incorporating a stray light elimination unit on the light-emitting side of the image transmission component. This unit utilizes polarizers and phase retardation plates to block stray light transmission. Consequently, even when driving in bright sunlight, the driver need not worry about visual interference caused by glare, ensuring both driving experience and safety. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a head-up display device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the image generation unit in the image; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the stray light elimination unit in the diagram; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the optical path propagation of stray light during the application of the head-up display device; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the polarization state of sunlight; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the polarization state of S-polarized light; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the polarization state of right-handed circularly polarized light; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the polarization state of P-polarized light; Figure 9 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the display effect of the head-up display device during application. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path propagation of stray light during the application of head-up display devices in related technologies; Figure 11 yes Figure 10 The diagram shows the display effect of the head-up display device of the related technology during the application process. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of this application, the specific embodiments of this application are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0017] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this application is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0018] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0019] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0020] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0021] Figures 1 to 4A head-up display device 1 according to an embodiment of this application is shown, which can be applied to devices such as vehicles, aircraft, and ships that require user head-up display. The head-up display device 1 includes an image generation unit 10 and a stray light elimination unit 20. The image generation unit 10 is used to generate and output the desired image. The stray light elimination unit 20 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the image generation unit 10 and located in the optical path, and is used to eliminate stray light generated by sunlight, streetlights, or other light sources.

[0022] It should be understood that in related technologies without stray light elimination unit 20, under strong light conditions such as sunlight and streetlights (with... Figure 10 Taking sunlight as an example, sunlight passes through the windshield 2 and reaches the light-emitting side 1A of the image generation unit of the head-up display device. Since the light-emitting side 1A of the image generation unit is a complete polished surface with a certain reflectivity, it reflects the sunlight. The reflected light then reaches the windshield 2 again, is reflected by the windshield 2, and enters the eye box 3, thus forming a strong glare.

[0023] Therefore, glare will interfere with the image information displayed by the head-up display (HUD), making it difficult for the driver to clearly obtain the image information. This will distract the driver, increase visual fatigue, and even cause visual illusions, seriously affecting the driving experience and safety. Furthermore, glare will also cause the driver to have longer reaction time due to unclear information display, affecting driving efficiency and the ability to handle emergencies. Drivers who cannot obtain key information in a timely manner are more likely to make incorrect driving decisions, increasing the risk of traffic accidents. Additionally, due to glare, drivers need to frequently adjust their seating position or head angle to find the best viewing angle, reducing driving comfort and enjoyment. Moreover, prolonged exposure to strong light may cause the image generation unit of the HUD to overheat, accelerating equipment aging and shortening its lifespan.

[0024] This application provides a stray light elimination unit 20 on the light-emitting side of the image generation unit 10 to prevent strong light from reaching the eye box 3 after being reflected by the light-emitting side of the image generation unit 10 and the windshield 2, thereby effectively blocking external light, solving the glare problem, improving the overall performance of the head-up display device, and enhancing the driving experience and safety.

[0025] like Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the image generation unit 10 may include an image generation mechanism 11 and an image transmission component 12. The image generation mechanism 11 is disposed at the coupling input of the image transmission component 12, and is used to receive digital information from an in-vehicle system (e.g., navigation, speedometer), convert the digital information into an optical image that meets the requirements of parameters such as FOV and brightness, and output it. The image transmission component 12 is used to receive and transmit the optical image output by the image generation mechanism 11, and to expand and calibrate the light in the optical image.

[0026] Specifically, the image transmission component 12 may include an optical waveguide 121 and an aberration compensation mirror 122. The optical waveguide 121 is disposed between the image generation mechanism 11 and the aberration compensation mirror 122. The light-emitting surface of the image generation mechanism 11 is coupled to the coupling inlet of the optical waveguide 121, and the coupling outlet of the optical waveguide 121 is coupled to the light-receiving surface of the aberration compensation mirror 122. Thus, the optical image output by the image generation mechanism 11 can be transmitted sequentially through the optical waveguide 121 and the aberration compensation mirror 122, pass through the stray light elimination unit 20, and then be reflected by the windshield 2 to reach the eye box 3.

[0027] The optical waveguide 121 is used to expand the light rays of the optical image output by the image generation mechanism 11 so that the beam distribution meets the requirements of the eye box 3. The aberration compensation mirror 122 is used to calibrate the beam output by the optical waveguide 121 so that the beam can be modulated into a clear image after being reflected by the stray light elimination unit 20 and the windshield 2, so that the driver can obtain image information.

[0028] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide 121 may be an existing arrayed optical waveguide.

[0029] Specifically, the optical waveguide 121 may include a two-dimensional array of optical waveguides, or two one-dimensional arrays of optical waveguides.

[0030] In some other embodiments, the optical waveguide 121 may also employ an existing volume holographic optical waveguide.

[0031] In some embodiments, the aberration compensation mirror 122 may employ existing optical devices with phase correction functions, such as Fresnel mirrors or freeform mirrors, to achieve the function of calibrating the beam.

[0032] It should be noted that the light-emitting surface of the image generation unit 10 is a polished surface with a certain reflectivity, which can reflect incoming stray light to a certain extent. Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the aberration compensation mirror 122 is a polished surface with a certain reflectivity, which is away from the light-emitting surface of the optical waveguide 121.

[0033] In some other embodiments, the image transmission component 12 may also include only the optical waveguide 121.

[0034] It should be noted that the image generation unit 10 may specifically include a display chip, an imaging system, an electronic system, and an optical structure. The display chip may specifically be a self-emissive image source such as OLED or Micro LED. Of course, when the display chip is a transmissive or reflective image source such as TTF, Lcos, or DLP, in this embodiment, the image generation unit 10 will also include a light source and an illumination system. The image generation unit 10 can be implemented using existing technologies, so it will not be elaborated upon here.

[0035] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the stray light elimination unit 20 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the image transmission component 12, and may include a polarizer 21 and a phase retardation film 22. The phase retardation film 22 is disposed between the polarizer 21 and the aberration compensation mirror 122 of the image transmission component 12, and is used to change the phase relationship between the two orthogonally polarized components of the light. The polarizer 21 is used to selectively control the polarization state of the light.

[0036] It should be noted that the light-emitting side of the image transmission component 12 can be understood as the side corresponding to the light-emitting surface of the image transmission component 12, or it can be understood as the side of the aberration compensation mirror 122 that is away from the optical waveguide 121.

[0037] Specifically, the polarizer 21 is greater than or equal to the phase delay film 22, and the phase delay film 22 is greater than or equal to the light-emitting surface of the image transmission component 12.

[0038] In this way, it can be ensured that the light beams at each position on the optical path can pass through the polarizer 21 and the phase delay plate 22, thereby ensuring the stray light elimination unit 20's effect on eliminating stray light such as sunlight.

[0039] It should be noted that the polarizer 21 is greater than or equal to the phase retarder 22. Specifically, the size and position of the polarizer 21 and the phase retarder 22 are such that their projections on the plane perpendicular to the direction of the optical path are greater than or equal to the projections of the phase retarder 22 on the plane perpendicular to the direction of the optical path.

[0040] Similarly, the phase delay film 22 is greater than or equal to the light-emitting surface of the image transmission component 12. Specifically, the size and position of the phase delay film 22 are such that its projection on the plane perpendicular to the direction of light path extension is greater than or equal to the projection of the light-emitting surface of the aberration compensation mirror 122 of the image transmission component 12 on the plane perpendicular to the direction of light path extension.

[0041] In some embodiments, the phase delay plate 22 may be a quarter-wave plate.

[0042] Specifically, the angle between the polarizer 21 and the phase retarder 22 is such that the angle between the transmission axis of the polarizer 21 and the fast axis of the phase retarder 22 is 45°.

[0043] Of course, in some other embodiments, the phase delay film 22 may also employ other optical structures that can produce a 1 / 4 phase difference, such as Fresnel rhombus prisms, liquid crystal phase delayers, and electro-optic phase delayers.

[0044] In practical applications, taking sunlight as an example, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, sunlight is unpolarized light, possessing polarization states in various directions. Under the illumination of sunlight, its beam passes through the windshield 2 and reaches the polarizer 21 of the head-up display device 1.

[0045] Because polarizer 21 is a thin-film element with optical anisotropy, it can selectively control the polarization state of a light beam, allowing only light with a specific polarization direction to pass through while blocking light with other vibration directions. Therefore, as... Figure 6 As shown, sunlight is filtered into S-polarized light after passing through polarizer 21.

[0046] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the S-polarized light filtered by polarizer 21 reaches phase retarder 22. Since phase retarder 22 (taking a quarter-wave plate as an example) is a birefringent optical element, it can produce a phase difference of λ / 4 (where λ is the wavelength of the incident light) between the o-ray (ordinary ray) vibrating along the fast axis and the e-ray (extraordinary ray) vibrating perpendicular to the optical axis. Furthermore, this phase retarder 22 only changes the phase relationship between the two orthogonally polarized components, without changing their amplitude. See also... Figure 7 After passing through phase retarder 22, S-polarized light will be modulated into right-hand circularly polarized light.

[0047] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the right-hand circularly polarized light passing through the phase retardation plate 22 reaches the light-emitting surface of the image generation unit 10, which is also the light-emitting surface of the aberration compensation mirror 122. Since the light-emitting surface of the image generation unit 10 is a polished surface with a certain reflectivity, the right-hand circularly polarized light reaching the aberration compensation mirror 122 will be reflected back to the phase retardation plate 22.

[0048] At this point, because the light passes through the phase retardation plate 22 twice, its polarization state is reversed compared to the S-polarized light. (See also...) Figure 8 The light rays that pass through the phase delay plate 22 again from the image generation unit 10 are transformed from S-polarized light to P-polarized light.

[0049] It is important to understand that since polarizer 21 only allows S-polarized light to pass through, P-polarized light that reaches polarizer 21 cannot pass through polarizer 21 again. In this way, the head-up display device 1 blocks sunlight and solves the glare problem.

[0050] It's important to understand that some technologies exist that incorporate modules that automatically adjust the brightness of the HUD display. When the intensity of external sunlight exceeds a certain limit, the system automatically adjusts the display brightness to avoid glare caused by strong external light. However, this solution is costly and has a response delay.

[0051] There are also related technologies that incorporate anti-glare covers and adjust the light-emitting surface to an angle to address glare issues caused by strong external light. However, the anti-glare effect of this solution is limited; in strong light environments, it is difficult to eliminate the impact of glare on the image quality of the head-up display. Furthermore, the anti-glare covers have poor adaptability to different vehicle models, requiring adjustments to vehicle body data, which increases the burden on the entire system.

[0052] There are also related technologies that incorporate beam-beaming elements within the image generation unit, use a low-filtering-rate beam splitter in the optical system, and attach an anti-glare layer to the outer surface of the image generation unit to avoid glare caused by strong external light. However, this approach will affect the brightness and color reproduction of the images displayed by the head-up display device, and it lacks adaptability to sunlight of varying intensities and complex ambient light conditions.

[0053] This application, by setting up a stray light elimination unit 20 and a polarizer 21 and a phase delay plate 22 in the optical path, can effectively block strong external light by modulating the polarization state of the light beam. This solves the glare problem, while maintaining a simple structure that helps keep the device miniaturized. It also eliminates the need for corresponding adjustments to the vehicle body data, thus reducing the burden on the original vehicle body data. Furthermore, it offers advantages such as low cost, ease of operation, and real-time response.

[0054] like Figure 9 and Figure 11 As shown, compared to a head-up display device without a stray light elimination unit 20, the head-up display device 1 constructed in this application can effectively eliminate glare during specific applications.

[0055] In some embodiments, the head-up display device 1 may further include a housing (not shown in the figure), in which the image generation unit 10 and the stray light elimination unit 20 are both disposed.

[0056] This application also constructs a vehicle that may include the head-up display device 1 shown in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0057] Understandably, the above-mentioned technical features can be used in any combination without restriction.

[0058] The above embodiments merely illustrate specific implementation methods of this application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application's patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can freely combine the above technical features without departing from the concept of this application, and can also make several modifications and improvements, all of which fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, any equivalent transformations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this application should be covered by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A head-up display device, characterized by, include: Image transmission component (12); as well as The stray light elimination unit (20) is disposed on the light-emitting side of the image transmission component (12) and includes a polarizer (21) and a phase delay film (22) disposed along the light path; the phase delay film (22) is disposed between the polarizer (21) and the image transmission component (12).

2. The head-up display device of claim 1, wherein The phase delay plate (22) is a 1 / 4 wave plate.

3. The head-up display device of claim 2, wherein, The transmission axis of the polarizer (21) is at an angle of 45° to the fast axis of the phase delay plate (22).

4. The head-up display device of claim 1, wherein, The polarizer (21) is greater than or equal to the phase delay plate (22); the phase delay plate (22) is greater than or equal to the light-emitting surface of the image transmission component (12).

5. The head-up display device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It also includes an image generation mechanism (11), which is disposed at the coupling entrance of the image transmission component (12).

6. The head-up display device of claim 5, wherein, The image transmission component (12) includes an optical waveguide (121) and an aberration compensation mirror (122), wherein the optical waveguide (121) is disposed between the image generation mechanism (11) and the aberration compensation mirror (122).

7. The head-up display device of claim 6, wherein, The optical waveguide (121) includes a two-dimensional array of optical waveguides; Alternatively, the optical waveguide (121) may comprise two one-dimensional arrayed optical waveguides.

8. The head-up display device of claim 6, wherein, The aberration compensation mirror (122) is a Fresnel mirror or a freeform mirror.

9. The head-up display device of claim 6, wherein, The aberration compensation mirror (122) has a polished surface on the side opposite to the optical waveguide (121).

10. A vehicle characterized by comprising: Includes the head-up display device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images