Liquid crystal display panel and liquid crystal display device

Abstract

This utility model discloses a liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display device. The liquid crystal display panel includes a four-way privacy film, a dimming box, and a liquid crystal display cell stacked together. The dimming box includes: a first electrode layer located on one side of the four-way privacy film; a first liquid crystal layer located on the side of the first electrode layer away from the four-way privacy film; a first microstructure layer located on the side of the first liquid crystal layer away from the four-way privacy film, the first microstructure layer including a first-direction microstructure and a second-direction microstructure disposed in the same layer, or including a second microstructure layer and a third microstructure layer, the second microstructure layer including a first-direction microstructure and the third microstructure layer including a second-direction microstructure; and a second electrode layer located on the side of the first microstructure layer away from the four-way privacy film. This utility model reduces the cell thickness of the liquid crystal display panel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of liquid crystal display technology, people have increasingly higher requirements for the functionality of liquid crystal display panels. Furthermore, as people place greater emphasis on personal privacy, they desire privacy features in liquid crystal display panels. Existing technology provides a three-cell structure liquid crystal display panel capable of achieving four-way privacy protection. This three-cell structure specifically includes a liquid crystal display cell, a first dimming cell, and a second dimming cell. The first dimming cell contains a liquid crystal layer with an alignment direction of 90° for left and right privacy protection; the second dimming cell contains a liquid crystal layer with an alignment direction of 0° for top and bottom privacy protection. However, the three-cell structure results in a relatively large cell thickness, which is detrimental to the thinning and lightening of liquid crystal display panels. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention provides a liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display device to reduce the cell thickness of the liquid crystal display panel.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present invention, a liquid crystal display panel is provided, comprising a four-way privacy film, a dimming box, and a liquid crystal display box stacked together; the dimming box includes:

[0005] A first electrode layer is located on one side of the four-way privacy film; the first electrode layer includes a first sub-electrode block and a second sub-electrode block;

[0006] A first liquid crystal layer is located on the side of the first electrode layer away from the four-way privacy film;

[0007] The first microstructure layer is located on the side of the first liquid crystal layer away from the four-way privacy film; the first microstructure layer includes a first-direction microstructure and a second-direction microstructure disposed in the same layer, the arrangement directions of the first-direction microstructure and the second-direction microstructure are perpendicular to each other, the first-direction microstructure matches the first sub-electrode block, and the second-direction microstructure matches the second sub-electrode block.

[0008] The second electrode layer is located on the side of the first microstructure layer away from the four-way privacy film.

[0009] Optionally, the vertical projection of the first directional microstructure on the four-way privacy film overlaps with the vertical projection of the first sub-electrode block on the four-way privacy film;

[0010] Furthermore, the vertical projection of the second directional microstructure onto the four-way privacy film overlaps with the vertical projection of the second sub-electrode block onto the four-way privacy film.

[0011] Optionally, the refractive index of the first microstructure layer is n microstructure;

[0012] The first liquid crystal layer has a refractive index of ne in the horizontal direction and a refractive index of no in the vertical direction.

[0013] Where ne > no, n microstructure = no.

[0014] Optionally, the liquid crystal display cell includes a first polarizer, a second liquid crystal and color resist layer, and a second polarizer arranged sequentially along a direction away from the four-way privacy film.

[0015] Optionally, the transmission axis of the first polarizer is 0° and the transmission axis of the second polarizer is 90°.

[0016] The first liquid crystal layer is a positive liquid crystal, and its initial alignment is a horizontal 0° alignment.

[0017] Optionally, the transmission axis of the first polarizer is 90° and the transmission axis of the second polarizer is 0°.

[0018] The first liquid crystal layer is a positive liquid crystal, and the initial alignment is a vertical 90° alignment.

[0019] Optionally, the first directional microstructure includes a plurality of first microstructure strips extending along the first direction and arranged along the second direction;

[0020] The second-direction microstructure includes a plurality of second microstructure strips extending along the second direction and arranged along the first direction; wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.

[0021] Optionally, the angle between the first microstructure strip and the grating direction of the four-way privacy film is in the range of 5°-10°;

[0022] Alternatively, the angle between the second microstructure strip and the grating direction of the four-way privacy film is in the range of 5°-10°.

[0023] According to another aspect of the present invention, a liquid crystal display panel is provided, comprising a four-way privacy film, a dimming box, and a liquid crystal display box stacked together;

[0024] The dimming box includes:

[0025] The first electrode layer is located on one side of the four-way privacy film;

[0026] A second microstructure layer is located on the side of the first electrode layer away from the first electrode layer; the second microstructure layer includes microstructures extending along a first direction and arranged along a second direction.

[0027] A first liquid crystal layer is located on the side of the second microstructure layer away from the four-way privacy film;

[0028] A third microstructure layer is located on the side of the first liquid crystal layer away from the four-way privacy film; the third microstructure layer includes second-direction microstructures extending along the second direction and arranged along the first direction;

[0029] The second electrode layer is located on the side of the third microstructure layer away from the four-way privacy film.

[0030] According to another aspect of the present invention, a liquid crystal display device is provided, comprising: a backlight module and a liquid crystal display panel as described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] This invention provides a dual-cell liquid crystal display panel, comprising a dimming cell and a liquid crystal display cell. Specifically, this invention also includes a four-way privacy film that collects light from four directions. The dimming cell includes a first electrode layer, a first liquid crystal layer, and a second electrode layer. The dimming cell also includes a first-direction microstructure and a second-direction microstructure. Under the control of the first and second electrode layers, the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer changes, adjusting its refractive index. The refractive indices of the first liquid crystal layer and the first-direction microstructure are the same or different, allowing adjustment of whether the light emitted by the liquid crystal display panel in the second direction (Y) is direct or diffused light; the refractive indices of the first liquid crystal layer and the second-direction microstructure are the same or different, allowing adjustment of whether the light emitted by the liquid crystal display panel in the first direction (X) is direct or diffused light. Therefore, this invention achieves four-way wide and narrow viewing angle switchability. Furthermore, compared to the prior art, this invention reduces the cell thickness of the liquid crystal display panel. Moreover, compared to a three-cell liquid crystal display panel, this invention reduces one dimming cell, thereby improving the white brightness of the liquid crystal display panel and reducing power consumption.

[0032] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this utility model, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Other features of this utility model will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 A cross-sectional structural diagram of a liquid crystal display panel provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the stacked structure of a liquid crystal display panel provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating a dimming box achieving a state of no astigmatism, provided by an embodiment of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the state of a dimming box achieving four-way diffused light, provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0038] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the state of left and right astigmatism of a dimming box corresponding to a microstructure in the first direction, provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0039] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the state of light diffusion in the upper and lower parts of the dimming box corresponding to the microstructure in the second direction, provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0040] Figure 7 A schematic diagram illustrating the state of a dimming box achieving left and right diffused light and top and bottom privacy protection, provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0041] Figure 8 A schematic diagram illustrating the state of a dimming box achieving vertical light diffusion and horizontal privacy protection, provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0042] Figure 9 A schematic diagram illustrating a liquid crystal display panel achieving a four-way narrow viewing angle, provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0043] Figure 10 A schematic diagram illustrating the effect of a liquid crystal display panel achieving a four-way narrow viewing angle, provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0044] Figure 11 A schematic diagram illustrating a liquid crystal display panel achieving a four-way wide viewing angle, provided as an embodiment of this utility model;

[0045] Figure 12 A schematic diagram illustrating the effect of a liquid crystal display panel achieving a four-way wide viewing angle, provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0046] Figure 13 A schematic diagram illustrating the state of a liquid crystal display panel achieving left and right light diffusion and top and bottom privacy protection, provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0047] Figure 14 A schematic diagram illustrating the effect of left and right light diffusion and top and bottom privacy protection provided by an embodiment of this utility model;

[0048] Figure 15 A schematic diagram illustrating the state of a liquid crystal display panel achieving vertical light diffusion and horizontal privacy protection, provided by an embodiment of this utility model;

[0049] Figure 16 A schematic diagram illustrating the vertical light diffusion and horizontal privacy protection effects of a liquid crystal display panel provided in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 17 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the first microstructure layer and the four-way privacy layer provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0051] Figure 18 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between another first microstructure layer and a four-way privacy layer provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0052] Figure 19 A cross-sectional structural diagram of another liquid crystal display panel provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0053] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the stacked structure of another liquid crystal display panel provided in an embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0055] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the utility model described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0056] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a liquid crystal display panel provided in an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stacked structure of a liquid crystal display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The liquid crystal display panel includes a four-way privacy screen protector 100, a dimming box 200, and a liquid crystal display box 300 stacked together; the dimming box 200 includes:

[0057] The first electrode layer 210 is located on one side of the four-way privacy film 100; the first electrode layer 210 includes a first sub-electrode block 211 and a second sub-electrode block 212.

[0058] The first liquid crystal layer 220 is located on the side of the first electrode layer 210 away from the four-way privacy film 100;

[0059] The first microstructure layer 230 is located on the side of the first liquid crystal layer 220 away from the four-way privacy film 100. The first microstructure layer 230 includes a first-direction microstructure 231 and a second-direction microstructure 232 disposed in the same layer. The arrangement directions of the first-direction microstructure 231 and the second-direction microstructure 232 are perpendicular to each other. The first-direction microstructure 231 is matched with the first sub-electrode block 211, and the second-direction microstructure 232 is matched with the second sub-electrode block 212.

[0060] The second electrode layer 240 is located on the side of the first microstructure layer 230 away from the four-way privacy film 100.

[0061] The four-way privacy film 100 can reduce the range of light emission angles. The four-way privacy film 100 can be viewed as a miniature venetian blind structure, blocking light with a large incident angle while allowing light with a small incident angle to pass through, thus reducing the range of angles of light passing through the four-way privacy film 100. For example, the four-way privacy film 100 includes a first privacy layer and a second privacy layer. The first privacy layer includes multiple first light-blocking walls extending along a first direction X and arranged parallel to a second direction Y, and light-transmitting holes located between adjacent first light-blocking walls. The second privacy layer includes multiple second light-blocking walls extending along the second direction Y and arranged parallel to the first direction X, and light-transmitting holes located between adjacent second light-blocking walls. The first privacy layer can block light with a large incident angle along the second direction Y, and the second privacy layer can block light with a large incident angle along the first direction X. Therefore, the four-way privacy film 100 can achieve privacy effects in four directions, namely narrow viewing angles to the left and right and narrow viewing angles to the top and bottom.

[0062] When energized, the first electrode layer 210 and the second electrode layer 240 generate a vertical electric field, which drives the liquid crystal in the first liquid crystal layer 220 to change its alignment direction. For example, the liquid crystal in the first liquid crystal layer 220 is positive liquid crystal, initially aligned horizontally at 0°. If the first electrode layer 210 and the second electrode layer 240 are not energized, the liquid crystal in the first liquid crystal layer 220 remains in its initial state, i.e., horizontally aligned. If the first electrode layer 210 and the second electrode layer 240 are energized, the first liquid crystal layer 240 changes to a vertical alignment under the influence of the vertical electric field. Specifically, the first sub-electrode block 211 and the second electrode layer 240 can control the alignment direction of the liquid crystal corresponding to the first direction microstructure 231; the second sub-electrode block 212 can control the alignment direction of the liquid crystal corresponding to the second direction microstructure 232.

[0063] The refractive index of the liquid crystal varies in different states. When the refractive index of the liquid crystal is greater than that of the first microstructure layer 230, light refracts and scatters when passing through the first microstructure layer 230 from the first liquid crystal layer 220. Specifically, since the first-direction microstructures 231 and 232 in the first microstructure layer 230 are arranged perpendicularly to each other, the directions of refracted and scattered light from the first-direction microstructures 231 and 232 are different. For example, the surface of the first-direction microstructure 231 has an uneven shape, such as a triangular surface or a semi-circular surface; the surface of the second-direction microstructure 232 also has an uneven shape, such as a triangular surface or a semi-circular surface. When light passes through the first-direction microstructure 231 from the first liquid crystal layer 220, the scattering direction is the second direction Y. Figure 1 From the indicated orientation, the liquid crystal display panel achieves wide viewing angles on both sides; when light passes from the second liquid crystal layer 220 through the second directional microstructure 232, the scattering direction is the first direction X. Figure 1 From the indicated orientation, the liquid crystal display panel achieves a wide vertical viewing angle. When the refractive index of the liquid crystal is equal to that of the first microstructure layer 230, light passing from the first liquid crystal layer 220 through the first microstructure layer 230 does not undergo refraction or scattering, but instead directly reaches the liquid crystal display cell 300. Specifically, light passing from the first liquid crystal layer 220 through the first direction microstructure 231 is directly emitted, from... Figure 1 From the indicated orientation, the liquid crystal display panel achieves narrow viewing angles on both sides; light travels directly from the first liquid crystal layer 220 through the second-direction microstructure 232 and exits from... Figure 1 As shown in the diagram, the LCD panel achieves narrow vertical viewing angles.

[0064] This embodiment of the invention provides a dual-cell liquid crystal display panel, comprising a dimming cell 200 and a liquid crystal display cell 300. Specifically, this embodiment further includes a four-way privacy screen 100, which collects light from four directions. The dimming cell 200 includes a first electrode layer 210, a first liquid crystal layer 220, and a second electrode layer 240. The dimming cell 200 also includes a first-direction microstructure 231 and a second-direction microstructure 232. Under the control of the first electrode layer 210 and the second electrode layer 240, the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 220 changes, adjusting its refractive index. The refractive indices of the first liquid crystal layer 220 and the first-direction microstructure 231 are the same or different, allowing adjustment of whether the light emitted by the liquid crystal display panel in the second direction Y is direct or diffused light; the refractive indices of the first liquid crystal layer 220 and the second-direction microstructure 232 are the same or different, allowing adjustment of whether the light emitted by the liquid crystal display panel in the first direction X is direct or diffused light. Therefore, this embodiment of the invention achieves four-way wide and narrow viewing angle switchability. Furthermore, compared to existing technologies, this embodiment of the invention reduces the cell thickness of the liquid crystal display panel. Moreover, compared to a three-cell structure liquid crystal display panel, this embodiment of the invention eliminates one dimming cell, thereby improving the white brightness of the liquid crystal display panel and reducing power consumption.

[0065] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the vertical projection of the first directional microstructure 231 on the four-way privacy film 100 overlaps with the vertical projection of the first sub-electrode block 211 on the four-way privacy film 100; and the vertical projection of the second directional microstructure 232 on the four-way privacy film 100 overlaps with the vertical projection of the second sub-electrode block 212 on the four-way privacy film 100. This arrangement ensures that the liquid crystal controlled by the vertical electric field generated by the first sub-electrode block 211 and the second electrode layer 240 corresponds to the first directional microstructure 231, and that the liquid crystal controlled by the vertical electric field generated by the second sub-electrode block 212 and the second electrode layer 240 corresponds to the second directional microstructure 232. Therefore, this embodiment of the invention is beneficial for further improving the accuracy of the four-way viewing angle switchability of the liquid crystal display panel.

[0066] Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the refractive index of the first microstructure layer 230 is n. 微结构 The first liquid crystal layer 220 has a horizontal refractive index of ne and a vertical refractive index of no; where ne > no, n 微结构 =no. However, in practical applications, due to factors such as process errors, n 微结构 And / or no may have actual values ​​deviating from the set values, therefore n 微结构 ≈no is also within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0067] In liquid crystals, light undergoes birefringence as it propagates; the anisotropy of the refractive index exhibits birefringence. For uniaxial crystals, there are two different definitions of refractive index: no and ne. no refers to the refractive index of ordinary rays (rays) whose photoelectric vector vibration direction is perpendicular to the crystal's optical axis. Ordinary rays are those whose electric field component (photoelectric vector vibration direction) is perpendicular to the crystal's optical axis. ne refers to the refractive index of extraordinary rays (rays) whose photoelectric vector vibration direction is parallel to the crystal's optical axis. Extraordinary rays are those whose electric field component (photoelectric vector vibration direction) is parallel to the crystal's optical axis.

[0068] Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the first liquid crystal refractive index ne and the second liquid crystal refractive index no of the first liquid crystal layer 220 have a refractive index difference Δn, and Δn = ne - no = 0.25. This setting results in good light scattering effect.

[0069] See also Figure 1and Figure 2 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the first direction microstructure 231 includes a plurality of first microstructure strips extending along the first direction X and arranged along the second direction Y; the second direction microstructure 232 includes a plurality of second microstructure strips extending along the second direction and arranged along the first direction; wherein the first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular. For example, the surface shape of the first microstructure strip near the first liquid crystal layer 220 is curved, and the surface shape of the second microstructure strip near the first liquid crystal layer 220 is also curved. Wherein, when the refractive index of the first liquid crystal layer 220 is greater than that of the first microstructure strip, light incident from the first liquid crystal layer 220 onto the surface of the first microstructure strip undergoes refracted and scattered light in the second direction Y, and the arrangement of the plurality of first microstructure strips makes the scattered light in the second direction Y more uniform. Similarly, when the refractive index of the first liquid crystal layer 220 is greater than that of the second microstructure strip, light incident from the first liquid crystal layer 220 onto the surface of the second microstructure strip undergoes refracted and scattered light in the first direction X, and the arrangement of the plurality of second microstructure strips makes the scattered light in the first direction X more uniform.

[0070] Based on the above embodiments, optionally, both the first microstructure strip and the second microstructure strip are resin microstructures, and their refractive index is approximately equal to the second liquid crystal refractive index no of the liquid crystal.

[0071] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the dimming box 200 further includes a first glass substrate 250 and a second glass substrate 260. The first glass substrate 250 is located on the side of the first electrode layer 210 near the four-way privacy film 100, and the first glass substrate 250 is used to support and protect the first electrode layer 210. The second glass substrate 260 is located on the side of the second electrode layer 240 away from the four-way privacy film 100, and the second glass substrate 260 is used to support and protect the second electrode layer 240.

[0072] The following describes the method for achieving four-way wide and narrow viewing angle switching in this embodiment of the invention, with reference to the specific state of the dimming box 200.

[0073] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating a dimming box achieving a state without astigmatism, provided in an embodiment of this utility model, is shown below. Figure 3 When the first sub-electrode block 211 and the second electrode layer 240 generate a vertical electric field ΔV, and when the second sub-electrode block 212 and the second electrode layer 240 generate a vertical electric field ΔV, the liquid crystals in the first liquid crystal layer 220 are all vertically aligned, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal is no, which is equal to the refractive index no of the first microstructure layer 230. The light rays in the regions corresponding to the first direction microstructure 231 and the second direction microstructure 232 are all direct light rays, achieving narrow viewing angles in the left and right, and up and down, i.e., four-way narrow viewing angles.

[0074] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the state of a dimming box achieving four-way diffused light, provided as an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the left and right astigmatism states of a dimming box corresponding to a microstructure in the first direction, as provided in an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the state of light diffusion in a dimming box corresponding to the microstructure in the second direction, as provided in an embodiment of this utility model. (See also...) Figures 4-6 When the first sub-electrode block 211 and the second electrode layer 240 do not generate a vertical electric field, and when the second sub-electrode block 212 and the second electrode layer 240 do not generate a vertical electric field, the liquid crystals in the first liquid crystal layer 220 are all horizontally aligned, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal is ne, which is greater than the refractive index no of the first microstructure layer 230. The light rays in the regions corresponding to the first directional microstructure 231 and the second directional microstructure 232 are all diffused light rays, achieving a wide viewing angle in the left and right, and up and down directions, i.e., a four-way wide viewing angle.

[0075] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a dimming box in an embodiment of the present invention, demonstrating left-right light diffusion and top-bottom privacy protection. (See also...) Figure 7 When the first sub-electrode block 211 and the second electrode layer 240 do not generate a vertical electric field, but the second sub-electrode block 212 and the second electrode layer 240 generate a vertical electric field ΔV, the liquid crystal corresponding to the first sub-electrode block 211 is horizontally aligned, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal is ne, which is greater than the refractive index no of the first direction microstructure 231. The light in the region corresponding to the first direction microstructure 231 is diffuse light. The liquid crystal corresponding to the second sub-electrode block 212 is vertically aligned, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal is no, which is equal to the refractive index of the second direction microstructure 232. The light in the region corresponding to the second direction microstructure 232 is direct light. This achieves top-and-bottom privacy protection.

[0076] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a dimming box in an embodiment of the present invention, demonstrating vertical light diffusion and horizontal privacy protection. (See also...) Figure 8 When the first sub-electrode block 211 and the second electrode layer 240 generate a vertical electric field ΔV, and the second sub-electrode block 212 and the second electrode layer 240 do not generate a vertical electric field, the liquid crystal corresponding to the first sub-electrode block 211 is vertically aligned, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal is no, which is equal to the refractive index of the first direction microstructure 231. The light in the region corresponding to the first direction microstructure 231 is direct light. The liquid crystal corresponding to the second sub-electrode block 212 is horizontally aligned, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal is ne, which is greater than the refractive index of the second direction microstructure 232. The light in the region corresponding to the second direction microstructure 232 is diffused light. This achieves left and right privacy protection.

[0077] This embodiment of the invention achieves four-way diffused light when there is no vertical electric field between the first electrode layer 210 and the second electrode layer 240, that is, the default state is four-way diffused light mode, which is beneficial to saving power consumption of the liquid crystal display panel.

[0078] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the liquid crystal display cell 300 includes a first polarizer 310, a second liquid crystal and color resist layer 320, and a second polarizer 330 arranged sequentially along a direction away from the four-way privacy film 100. The second liquid crystal layer in the second liquid crystal and color resist layer 320 is capable of deflecting light. For example, the liquid crystal display cell 300 is in Fringe Field Switching (FFS) mode, where the axes of the first polarizer 310 and the second polarizer 330 are orthogonal to each other, cooperating with the second liquid crystal and color resist layer 320 to achieve brightness and darkness display. Specifically, natural light is unpolarized light (containing polarization components in various directions), and the first polarizer 310 filters it into linearly polarized light in a single direction (e.g., vertical direction). If the polarization direction (e.g., horizontal direction) of the second polarizer 330 is orthogonal to the first polarizer 310, then without the second liquid crystal and color resist layer 320 deflecting the light, the polarized light passing through the second liquid crystal and color resist layer 320 cannot pass through the second polarizer 330, forming a "dark state". When the second liquid crystal and color resist layer 320 deflects the light, it causes the transmitted polarized light to undergo optical rotation or phase shift, ultimately allowing some light to pass through the second polarizer 330, forming a "bright state".

[0079] Based on the above embodiments, the axial directions of the first polarizer 310 and the second polarizer 330 are related to the initial alignment of the first liquid crystal layer 220, which will be described in detail below.

[0080] In one embodiment, optionally, the transmission axis of the first polarizer 310 is 0°, and the transmission axis of the second polarizer 330 is 90°; the first liquid crystal layer 220 is positive liquid crystal, and its initial alignment is horizontal 0° alignment. That is, the direction of the transmission axis of the first polarizer 310 and the initial alignment angle of the first liquid crystal layer 220 are the same. For example, the direction along the second direction Y is 0°.

[0081] Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the thickness of the dimming box 200 is greater than 5 μm. The thickness of the dimming box 200 is the distance between the first glass substrate 250 and the second glass substrate 260. A greater thickness of the dimming box 200 results in better light diffusion.

[0082] Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the optical path difference is greater than 500 nm. Here, the optical path difference is the product of the refractive index difference Δn and the cell thickness, and 500 nm is a set minimum value.

[0083] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a liquid crystal display panel achieving a four-way narrow viewing angle, provided as an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of a liquid crystal display panel achieving a four-way narrow viewing angle, provided as an embodiment of this utility model. See also... Figure 9 and Figure 10 The four-way privacy screen 100 collects backlight in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the light incident into the dimming box 200 is the collected light. When the first sub-electrode block 211 and the second electrode layer 240 generate a vertical electric field ΔV, and the second sub-electrode block 212 and the second electrode layer 240 generate a vertical electric field ΔV, the liquid crystals in the first liquid crystal layer 220 are all vertically aligned, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal is no, which is equal to the refractive index no of the first microstructure layer 230. The light in the areas corresponding to the first direction microstructure 231 and the second direction microstructure 232 is all direct light. The light incident into the liquid crystal display box 300 is direct light, and the polarization angle of this direct light is 0°, which can pass through the first polarizer 310. After being deflected by the second liquid crystal layer, its polarization angle is 90°, and it is emitted through the second polarizer 330. In this way, the present invention achieves a narrow viewing angle in the horizontal and vertical directions, i.e., a four-way narrow viewing angle.

[0084] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a liquid crystal display panel achieving a four-way wide viewing angle, provided as an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of a liquid crystal display panel achieving a four-way wide viewing angle, provided as an embodiment of this utility model. See also... Figure 11 and Figure 12 The four-way privacy screen 100 collects backlight in both vertical and horizontal directions, and the light incident into the dimming box 200 is the collected light. When the first sub-electrode block 211 and the second electrode layer 240 do not generate a vertical electric field, and when the second sub-electrode block 212 and the second electrode layer 240 do not generate a vertical electric field, the liquid crystals in the first liquid crystal layer 220 are all horizontally aligned, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal is ne, which is greater than the refractive index no of the first microstructure layer 230. The light in the regions corresponding to the first direction microstructure 231 and the second direction microstructure 232 is all diffuse light, and the light incident into the liquid crystal display box 300 is scattered light, and the polarization angle of this scattered light is 0°, which can pass through the first polarizer 310. After being deflected by the second liquid crystal layer, its polarization angle is 90°, and it is emitted through the second polarizer 330. In this way, the embodiment of this utility model achieves a wide viewing angle in both the horizontal and vertical directions, that is, a four-way wide viewing angle.

[0085] Figure 13This is a schematic diagram illustrating a liquid crystal display panel in a state where it achieves left and right light dispersion and top and bottom privacy protection, as provided in an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of left and right light diffusion and top and bottom privacy protection achieved by a liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of this utility model. See also... Figure 13 and Figure 14 The four-way privacy screen 100 collects backlight in both vertical and horizontal directions, and the light incident into the dimming box 200 is the collected light. When the first sub-electrode block 211 and the second electrode layer 240 do not generate a vertical electric field (E1 = 0V), and the second sub-electrode block 212 and the second electrode layer 240 generate a vertical electric field ΔV (E2 > 0V), the liquid crystal corresponding to the first sub-electrode block 211 is horizontally aligned, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal is ne, which is greater than the refractive index no of the first direction microstructure 231. The light in the area corresponding to the first direction microstructure 231 is diffused light. The liquid crystal corresponding to the second sub-electrode block 212 is vertically aligned, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal is no, which is equal to the refractive index of the second direction microstructure 232. The light in the area corresponding to the second direction microstructure 232 is direct light. The light incident into the liquid crystal display box 300 corresponding to the first direction microstructure 231 is scattered light, and the light incident into the liquid crystal display box 300 corresponding to the second direction microstructure 232 is direct light. The scattered light and direct light are polarized at 0°, allowing them to pass through the first polarizer 310. After being deflected by the second liquid crystal layer, their polarization angle becomes 90°, and they are emitted through the second polarizer 330. In this way, the embodiment of the present invention achieves privacy protection from both above and below.

[0086] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a liquid crystal display panel in a state where it achieves vertical light diffusion and horizontal privacy protection, as provided in an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how a liquid crystal display panel achieves vertical light diffusion and horizontal privacy protection in an embodiment of this utility model. (See also...) Figure 15 and Figure 16The four-way privacy screen 100 collects backlight in both vertical and horizontal directions, and the light incident on the dimming box 200 is the collected light. When the first sub-electrode block 211 and the second electrode layer 240 generate a vertical electric field ΔV (E1 > 0V), and the second sub-electrode block 212 and the second electrode layer 240 do not generate a vertical electric field (E2 = 0V), the liquid crystal corresponding to the first sub-electrode block 211 is vertically aligned, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal is no, which is equal to the refractive index of the first direction microstructure 231. The light in the area corresponding to the first direction microstructure 231 is direct light. The liquid crystal corresponding to the second sub-electrode block 212 is horizontally aligned, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal is ne, which is greater than the refractive index of the second direction microstructure 232. The light in the area corresponding to the second direction microstructure 232 is diffused light. The light incident on the liquid crystal display box 300 corresponding to the first direction microstructure 231 is direct light, and the light incident on the liquid crystal display box 300 corresponding to the second direction microstructure 232 is diffused light. The scattered light and direct light are polarized at 0°, allowing them to pass through the first polarizer 310. After being deflected by the second liquid crystal layer, their polarization angle becomes 90°, and they are emitted through the second polarizer 330. Thus, this embodiment of the invention achieves left and right privacy protection.

[0087] In another embodiment, optionally, the transmission axis of the first polarizer 310 is 90°, and the transmission axis of the second polarizer 330 is 0°; the first liquid crystal layer 220 is positive liquid crystal, and its initial alignment is vertical alignment. That is, the transmission axis of the first polarizer 310 and the initial alignment angle of the first liquid crystal layer 220 are the same. For example, the direction along the first direction X is 90°. The difference between this embodiment and the previous embodiment lies in the initial alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 220, and the transmission axis directions of the first polarizer 310 and the second polarizer 330. This embodiment can also achieve four-way wide viewing angle, four-way narrow viewing angle, left and right privacy protection, and top and bottom privacy protection. Its technical principle is similar to that of the previous embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0088] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the positional relationship between a first microstructure layer and a four-way privacy layer, provided for an embodiment of this utility model. (See also...) Figure 17 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the angle between the first microstructure strip 2311 and the grating direction of the four-way privacy film 100 ranges from 5° to 10°. Correspondingly, the angle between the second microstructure strip 2321 and the grating direction of the four-way privacy film 100 ranges from 85° to 90°. This arrangement helps to avoid interference between the first microstructure strip 2311 and the four-way privacy film 100, as well as between the second microstructure strip 2321 and the four-way privacy film 100, thereby improving the display effect.

[0089] Figure 18A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between another first microstructure layer and a four-way privacy layer provided in an embodiment of this utility model. See also... Figure 18 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the included angle between the second microstructure strip 2321 and the grating direction of the four-way privacy film 100 is in the range of 5°-10°. Correspondingly, the included angle between the first microstructure strip 2311 and the grating direction of the four-way privacy film 100 is in the range of 85°-90°. This setting helps to avoid interference between the first microstructure strip 2311 and the four-way privacy film 100, as well as to avoid interference between the second microstructure strip 2321 and the four-way privacy film 100, thereby improving the display effect.

[0090] In summary, the liquid crystal display panel provided in this embodiment of the present invention has a dual-cell structure. Specifically, this embodiment of the present invention also includes a four-way privacy film 100, which collects light from four directions. The dimming box 200 includes a first electrode layer 210, a first liquid crystal layer 220, a first microstructure layer 230, and a second electrode layer 240. The first microstructure layer 230 includes a first-direction microstructure 231 and a second-direction microstructure 232. Under the control of the first electrode layer 210 and the second electrode layer 240, the arrangement direction of the first liquid crystal layer 220 changes, adjusting its refractive index. The refractive indices of the first liquid crystal layer 220 and the first-direction microstructure 231 are the same or different, which can adjust whether the light emitted by the liquid crystal display panel in the second direction Y is direct light or diffused light; the refractive indices of the first liquid crystal layer 220 and the second-direction microstructure 232 are the same or different, which can adjust whether the light emitted by the liquid crystal display panel in the first direction X is direct light or diffused light. Therefore, this embodiment of the invention achieves switchable four-way wide viewing angle, four-way narrow viewing angle, left and right privacy protection, and top and bottom privacy protection. Furthermore, compared to the prior art, this embodiment of the invention reduces the cell thickness of the liquid crystal display panel. Moreover, compared to a three-cell structure liquid crystal display panel, this embodiment of the invention reduces one dimming cell, thereby improving the white brightness of the liquid crystal display panel and reducing power consumption.

[0091] Figure 19 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of another liquid crystal display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of another liquid crystal display panel stacked according to an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 19 and Figure 20 The liquid crystal display panel includes a four-way privacy screen protector 100, a dimming box 200, and a liquid crystal display box 300 stacked together; the dimming box 200 includes:

[0092] The first electrode layer 210 is located on one side of the four-way privacy film 100;

[0093] The second microstructure layer 270 is located on the side of the first electrode layer 210 away from the first electrode layer 210; the second microstructure layer 270 includes first-direction microstructures extending along the first direction X and arranged along the second direction Y.

[0094] The first liquid crystal layer 220 is located on the side of the second microstructure layer 270 away from the four-way privacy film 100.

[0095] The third microstructure layer 280 is located on the side of the first liquid crystal layer 220 away from the four-way privacy film 100; the third microstructure layer 280 includes second-direction microstructures extending along the second direction Y and arranged along the first direction X.

[0096] The second electrode layer 240 is located on the side of the third microstructure layer 280 away from the four-way privacy film 100.

[0097] This embodiment of the invention provides another dual-cell structure liquid crystal display panel, which consists of a dimming cell 200 and a liquid crystal display cell 300. Specifically, this embodiment also includes a four-way privacy screen 100, which collects light from four directions. The dimming cell 200 includes a first electrode layer 210, a first liquid crystal layer 220, and a second electrode layer 240. The dimming cell 200 also includes a first-direction microstructure and a second-direction microstructure. Under the control of the first electrode layer 210 and the second electrode layer 240, the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 220 changes, adjusting its refractive index. The refractive indices of the first liquid crystal layer 220 and the first-direction microstructure are the same or different, which can adjust whether the light emitted by the liquid crystal display panel in the second direction Y is direct or diffused light; the refractive indices of the first liquid crystal layer 220 and the second-direction microstructure are the same or different, which can adjust whether the light emitted by the liquid crystal display panel in the first direction X is direct or diffused light. Therefore, this embodiment of the invention achieves four-way wide and narrow viewing angle switchability. Furthermore, compared to existing technologies, this embodiment of the invention reduces the cell thickness of the liquid crystal display panel. Moreover, compared to a three-cell structure liquid crystal display panel, this embodiment of the invention eliminates one dimming cell, thereby improving the white brightness of the liquid crystal display panel and reducing power consumption.

[0098] Unlike the aforementioned embodiments, the first-direction microstructure and the second-direction microstructure provided in this embodiment are located on different layers, specifically on both sides of the first liquid crystal layer 220; and the first electrode layer 210 in this embodiment is a single electrode. The method for achieving four-way wide and narrow viewing angle switching in this embodiment will now be described in conjunction with the specific state of the dimming box 200.

[0099] When the first electrode layer 210 and the second electrode layer 240 generate a vertical electric field ΔV, the liquid crystals in the first liquid crystal layer 220 are all vertically aligned, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal is no, which is equal to the refractive index no of the second microstructure layer 270 and the third microstructure layer 280. Light entering the first liquid crystal layer 220 from the second microstructure layer 270 is direct light, and light entering the third microstructure layer 280 from the first liquid crystal layer 220 is also direct light, achieving narrow viewing angles in the left and right, and up and down, i.e., four-way narrow viewing angles.

[0100] When the first electrode layer 210 and the second electrode layer 240 do not generate a vertical electric field ΔV, the liquid crystals in the first liquid crystal layer 220 are all horizontally aligned. The refractive index of the liquid crystal is ne, which is greater than the refractive index no of the second microstructure layer 270, and the refractive index ne of the liquid crystal is greater than the refractive index no of the third microstructure layer 280. Light rays entering the first liquid crystal layer 220 from the second microstructure layer 270 are scattered in the second direction Y, and light rays entering the third microstructure layer 280 from the first liquid crystal layer 220 are scattered in the first direction X, achieving a wide viewing angle in the left and right, and up and down directions, i.e., a four-way wide viewing angle.

[0101] Therefore, the present invention can achieve switching between four-way wide viewing angle and four-way narrow viewing angle.

[0102] This utility model also provides a liquid crystal display device, which can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, computer, etc. The liquid crystal display device includes a backlight module and a liquid crystal display panel as provided in any embodiment of this utility model.

[0103] It should be understood that the various forms of the process shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this utility model can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this utility model can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0104] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal display panel, characterized by comprising: It includes a four-way privacy screen protector, a dimming box, and a liquid crystal display box stacked together; the dimming box includes: A first electrode layer is located on one side of the four-way privacy film; the first electrode layer includes a first sub-electrode block and a second sub-electrode block; A first liquid crystal layer is located on the side of the first electrode layer away from the four-way privacy film; The first microstructure layer is located on the side of the first liquid crystal layer away from the four-way privacy film; the first microstructure layer includes a first-direction microstructure and a second-direction microstructure disposed in the same layer, the arrangement directions of the first-direction microstructure and the second-direction microstructure are perpendicular to each other, the first-direction microstructure matches the first sub-electrode block, and the second-direction microstructure matches the second sub-electrode block. The second electrode layer is located on the side of the first microstructure layer away from the four-way privacy film.

2. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, characterized by The vertical projection of the first directional microstructure on the four-way privacy film overlaps with the vertical projection of the first sub-electrode block on the four-way privacy film; Furthermore, the vertical projection of the second directional microstructure onto the four-way privacy film overlaps with the vertical projection of the second sub-electrode block onto the four-way privacy film.

3. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein The refractive index of the first microstructure layer is n 微结构 ; The first liquid crystal layer has a refractive index of ne in the horizontal direction and a refractive index of no in the vertical direction. Among them, ne>no, n 微结构 = no.

4. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein The liquid crystal display cell includes a first polarizer, a second liquid crystal and color resist layer, and a second polarizer arranged sequentially along a direction away from the four-way privacy film.

5. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 4, wherein The transmission axis of the first polarizer is 0°, and the transmission axis of the second polarizer is 90°. The first liquid crystal layer is a positive liquid crystal, and its initial alignment is a horizontal 0° alignment.

6. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 4, wherein The transmission axis of the first polarizer is 90°, and the transmission axis of the second polarizer is 0°. The first liquid crystal layer is a positive liquid crystal, and the initial alignment is a vertical 90° alignment.

7. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein The first directional microstructure includes a plurality of first microstructure strips extending along a first direction and arranged along a second direction; The second-direction microstructure includes a plurality of second microstructure strips extending along the second direction and arranged along the first direction; wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.

8. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 7, characterized in that, The angle between the first microstructure strip and the grating direction of the four-way privacy film is in the range of 5°-10°; Alternatively, the angle between the second microstructure strip and the grating direction of the four-way privacy film is in the range of 5°-10°.

9. A liquid crystal display panel, characterized by comprising: It includes a stacked four-way privacy screen, a dimming box, and a liquid crystal display box; The dimming box includes: The first electrode layer is located on one side of the four-way privacy film; A second microstructure layer is located on the side of the first electrode layer away from the first electrode layer; the second microstructure layer includes microstructures extending along a first direction and arranged along a second direction. A first liquid crystal layer is located on the side of the second microstructure layer away from the four-way privacy film; A third microstructure layer is located on the side of the first liquid crystal layer away from the four-way privacy film; the third microstructure layer includes second-direction microstructures extending along the second direction and arranged along the first direction; The second electrode layer is located on the side of the third microstructure layer away from the four-way privacy film.

10. A liquid crystal display device, characterized by comprising: include: The backlight module and the liquid crystal display panel as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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