A new fire warning cable

Abstract

This utility model discloses a novel fire alarm cable, belonging to the field of wire and cable technology. It includes a transmission component and a protection component. The protection component is disposed outside the transmission component. The transmission component includes a conductor, a phlogopite tape, and an insulation layer. The phlogopite tape is disposed outside the conductor, and the insulation layer is disposed outside the phlogopite tape. A polyester tape filling wrapping layer is disposed around the outer sides of two adjacent transmission components. A filling layer is disposed between the transmission components, and a fiberglass tape wrapping layer is disposed outside the filling layer. A shielding layer is disposed in the middle of the fiberglass tape wrapping layer, and a sheath layer is disposed outside the fiberglass tape wrapping layer. A reinforcing element is disposed inside the sheath layer. Through this utility model, the reinforcing element can directly obtain the temperature and damage signals near the inner or outer layer of the sheath. When the outer sheath is damaged, near a fire source, or when the local surface is overheated, an alarm can be triggered, thereby achieving real-time monitoring of the cable surface temperature and the condition of the outer sheath.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a novel fire alarm cable, belonging to the field of wire and cable technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demands for power continuity and fire safety in critical locations such as urban infrastructure, rail transit, data centers, tunnels, gas stations, and large factories, power cables must not only meet the basic functions of power transmission and signal transmission, but also maintain the stability of power supply and communication under extreme conditions such as high temperatures and fires. Simultaneously, operators need to conduct real-time monitoring, remote diagnostics, and coordinated response to the operating status of cable lines to reduce the speed of fire spread, shorten response time, and ensure the safety of personnel and property.

[0003] The fire-resistant or fireproof cables commonly used in the market mainly improve the continuous power supply capability under fire conditions through passive fire-resistant design in materials and structure. For example, mineral tape, halogen-free flame-retardant sheath, ceramic insulation and other means are used to delay insulation failure and short circuit. In addition, distributed fiber optic temperature measurement, local temperature, smoke point sensors and other monitoring technologies have been used in some scenarios for fire detection or environmental monitoring.

[0004] However, in existing technologies, most fire-resistant cables are only passively protected and cannot actively and continuously sense temperature changes along the line in the early stages of a fire, resulting in delayed alarms and responses. Traditional temperature or smoke detection methods are mostly point-based, making it difficult to achieve accurate positioning and full-process monitoring of long-distance cable lines. Under high-temperature conditions, single monitoring channels or external sensors are easily damaged or fail, resulting in monitoring blind spots.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of fire alarm cable to solve the problems of traditional cables being unable to detect the temperature of the cable surface, long-distance cable testing, and the existence of detection blind spots in cables. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a new type of fire early warning cable, which solves the problems of traditional cables being unable to detect the temperature of the cable surface, long-distance detection cables, and the existence of detection blind spots in the cable.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is achieved by the following technical solution: a novel fire early warning cable, comprising... Transmission components, protection components, A protective component is provided on the outside of the transmission component. The transmission component includes a conductor, a phlogopite tape, and an insulating layer. The phlogopite tape is disposed on the outside of the conductor, and the insulating layer is disposed on the outside of the phlogopite tape. The two transmission components are surrounded by a polyester tape filling wrapping layer, and the cable includes at least two transmission components, with at least one optical fiber temperature sensing layer at the center of the cable. The protective component includes a filling layer, a fiberglass tape wrapping layer, and a sheath layer. The filling layer is disposed between the transmission components. The fiberglass tape wrapping layer is disposed on the outside of the filling layer. A shielding layer is disposed in the middle of the fiberglass tape wrapping layer. A sheath layer is disposed on the outside of the fiberglass tape wrapping layer. A reinforcing element is disposed inside the sheath layer.

[0008] Preferably, the transmission components include six, and the optical fiber temperature sensing layer includes two.

[0009] Preferably, the conductor is a tin-plated copper conductor.

[0010] Preferably, the phlogopite tape is arranged in an overlapping wrapping manner.

[0011] Preferably, the insulating layer is made of ceramicized silicone rubber material.

[0012] Preferably, the optical fiber temperature sensing layer is made of a thermistor material with a positive temperature coefficient.

[0013] Preferably, the filling layer is made of glass fiber filled rope.

[0014] Preferably, the fiberglass tape wrapping layer adopts a dense overlapping fiberglass tape wrapping.

[0015] Preferably, the sheath layer is made of a low-smoke, halogen-free flame-retardant material.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention provides a reinforcing element on the outer layer of the cable. This reinforcing element can directly obtain the temperature and damage signals of the inner side of the sheath or the vicinity of the outer layer. When the outer sheath is damaged, near a fire source, or when the local surface is overheated, an alarm can be triggered immediately, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the cable surface temperature and the condition of the outer sheath. It can also improve the detection capability of outer sheath damage or surface temperature rise, and reduce safety hazards caused by undetected outer layer damage.

[0017] This invention provides an optical fiber temperature measurement layer at the center of the cable. The optical fiber temperature measurement layer uses distributed temperature measurement technology, which enables continuous and distributed temperature measurement along the cable. The coverage length is longer than that of traditional cables, and it does not require a large number of point sensors to be deployed along the line. It can provide temperature curves along the line and accurately locate temperature anomalies with axial coordinates, significantly improving the fault location efficiency of long-distance lines. It also reduces deployment and maintenance costs and is suitable for monitoring long cable sections.

[0018] Through this invention, the fiber optic temperature sensing layer can work in conjunction with the reinforcing components, allowing other devices to continue operating even if one device is damaged, reducing monitoring blind spots and the probability of false alarms and missed alarms; the cable is equipped with a shielding layer, mica tape, and fiberglass tape, which can provide mechanical and thermal protection, improve the survivability of monitoring elements in high temperature, flame, or mechanical impact environments, and further reduce the chance of monitoring failure; thus, the cable as a whole can still maintain sufficient monitoring and power supply time in the event of fire or external damage. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0020] In the diagram: 1-Conductor, 2-Phlogopite tape, 3-Insulation layer, 4-Polyester tape filling and wrapping layer, 5-Fiber optic temperature sensing layer, 6-Filling layer, 7-Fiberglass tape wrapping layer, 8-Shielding layer, 9-Fiberglass tape wrapping layer, 10-Reinforcing element, 11-Sheath layer. Detailed Implementation

[0021] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Example 1

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, a new type of fire alarm cable includes a transmission component and a protection component. The transmission component includes a conductor 1, a phlogopite tape 2, and an insulation layer 3. The protection component includes a filler layer 6, a fiberglass tape wrapping layer 7, and a sheath layer 11.

[0023] From the inside out, the layers are: fiber optic temperature sensing layer 5, transmission assembly, polyester tape filling and wrapping layer 4, filling layer 6, fiberglass tape wrapping layer 7, shielding layer 8, fiberglass tape wrapping layer 9, reinforcing element 10, and sheath layer 11. In this embodiment, the cable is equipped with a transmission assembly, and two parallel fiber optic temperature sensing layers 5 are installed at the center of the cable.

[0024] Multiple transmission components are installed inside the cable, and each transmission component is equipped with a conductor 1, a phlogopite tape 2, and an insulation layer 3.

[0025] Conductor 1 is composed of multiple strands of tin-plated copper wire twisted together with equal pitch, resulting in an approximately circular cross-section. Tin plating is preferred to improve corrosion resistance and weldability. Conductor 1 is capable of carrying the main power transmission, ensuring the cable has low overall resistance, high conductivity, and good corrosion resistance.

[0026] A phlogopite tape 2 is applied to the outer side of conductor 1. The phlogopite tape 2 is made of phlogopite and is applied to the outer side of conductor 1 in a wrapped manner, specifically using overlapping wrapping with an overlap rate of 15%-25%. The wrapped tape segment is fixed by mechanical folding or hot pressing, without the need for additional adhesive to ensure interface adhesion between conductor 1 and insulation layer 3. In this embodiment, the phlogopite tape 2 can withstand 1000℃ / 180 minutes and passes the GB / T 19666-2019 fire resistance test. It also has a certain bending capacity, adapting to the bending environment of the cable.

[0027] An insulating layer 3 is provided on the outer side of the phlogopite tape 2. The insulating layer 3 is made of ceramicized silicone rubber material. The insulating layer 3 can be ceramicized at temperatures above 300℃, forming a rigid ceramic layer in a fire environment to maintain insulation performance. A concentric annular insulating layer is formed by extrusion or molding, and the self-adhesive properties of the silicone rubber bond it to the mineral tape, ensuring no obvious gaps between layers. The insulating layer 3 begins to ceramicize at ≥300℃ to maintain insulation performance in a fire environment.

[0028] Multiple transmission components are arranged inside the cable. Each transmission component includes a conductor 1, a phlogopite tape 2, and an insulation layer 3. Two adjacent transmission components are connected into a whole by a polyester tape filling wrapping layer 4. In this embodiment, six transmission components are provided. Two adjacent transmission components are wrapped together by the polyester tape filling wrapping layer 4, which forms a unit strand. (Refer to...) Figure 1 This resulted in three unit twist groups.

[0029] The polyester tape filler wrapping layer 4 can twist the transmission components into a whole bundle, fix the relative position between the transmission components, and provide support for the subsequent filler layer. The polyester tape filler wrapping layer 4 is made of polyester tape and is used to wrap adjacent transmission components into a unit bundle, fix the relative position between the transmission components, and provide a supporting base for the subsequent filler layer. The polyester tape filler wrapping layer 4 is wound spirally or circumferentially, with an overlap rate typically between 10% and 30%. The tape end can be fixed by heat setting or adhesive bonding at the end of the winding.

[0030] At least one fiber optic temperature sensing layer 5 is disposed at the center of the cable. In this embodiment, the fiber optic temperature sensing layer 5 has two parallel fiber optic channels. The fiber optic temperature sensing layer is made of a positive temperature coefficient thermistor material.

[0031] On each optical fiber used for temperature measurement, or on the cores of parallel-laid fibers, a layer of conductive or semi-conductive thermistor material exhibiting a positive temperature coefficient is coated or deposited along the axial direction. This coating material exhibits low resistance at room temperature, which increases significantly with increasing temperature, and can be used for rapid, localized over-temperature alarms. A PTC coating is selected as the thermistor material.

[0032] When the temperature exceeds 70°C, the resistance of the fiber optic temperature sensing layer 5 increases. This increased resistance triggers an alarm connected to the fiber optic temperature sensing layer 5. In this embodiment, an alarm is triggered when the fiber optic temperature sensing layer 5 detects a temperature ≥70°C or a temperature rise rate exceeding a set threshold; the threshold and rate can be parameterized by the monitoring platform.

[0033] In this embodiment, a filling layer 6 is provided between multiple polyester tape filling wrapping layers 4 and multiple optical fiber temperature sensing layers 5. The filling layer 6 is made of glass fiber filling rope. The filling layer 6 can fill the adjacent polyester tape filling wrapping layers 4 and the optical fiber temperature sensing layers 5, eliminate the voids between the layers, ensure that each layer is tightly bonded, and has high temperature resistance and increases the mechanical compressive strength of the cable.

[0034] A wrapping layer is provided on the outer side of the filling layer 6, and a shielding layer 8 is provided in the middle of the wrapping layer. In this embodiment, the wrapping layers are a fiberglass tape wrapping layer 7 and a fiberglass tape wrapping layer 9, and a shielding layer 8 is provided between the fiberglass tape wrapping layer 7 and the fiberglass tape wrapping layer 9.

[0035] A fiberglass tape wrapping layer 7 is provided on the outside of the filling layer 6. The fiberglass tape wrapping layer 7 adopts a dense overlapping wrapping of fiberglass tape on both sides, with an overlap rate of 10%-20%. The fiberglass tape wrapping layer 7 can provide an additional fixation and heat insulation barrier on the outside of the filling layer 6, and provide support for the copper wire shielding layer 8.

[0036] A shielding layer 8 is provided on the outside of the fiberglass tape wrapping layer 7. The shielding layer 8 is a copper wire braided layer; in this embodiment, two layers of copper wire braid are used. The copper wire diameter is 0.15 mm, the braiding density is 80%–83%, and the braiding angle is 40°–50°. The shielding layer 8 can shield external electromagnetic interference, provide a grounding path, and maintain conductivity as much as possible in the early stages of high temperature to reduce the risk of short circuits. Both ends of the shielding layer 8 can be grounded, preferably by welding or pressing grounding clamps to achieve overall shielding grounding.

[0037] A fiberglass tape wrapping layer 9 is provided on the outside of the shielding layer 8. The fiberglass tape wrapping layer 9 is provided by overlapping and wrapping the fiberglass tape.

[0038] A sheath layer 11 is provided on the outside of the fiberglass tape wrapping layer 9. The sheath layer 11 is made of low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin material, and is molded and then covered on the outside of the fiberglass tape wrapping layer 9. The sheath layer 11 has a cylindrical cross-section. The sheath layer 11 can isolate the external environment and has a certain degree of waterproof and mechanical scratch resistance. The sheath layer 11 and the fiberglass tape wrapping layer 9 are tightly bonded together by extrusion.

[0039] In this embodiment, a reinforcing element 10 is provided on the side of the sheath layer 11 near the fiberglass wrapping layer 9. The reinforcing element 10 is an early warning reinforcing element for outer layer monitoring.

[0040] In this embodiment, the reinforcing element 10 is constructed from high-strength synthetic fiber bundles, metal filaments, or embedded fiber optic sensing bundles. In this embodiment, the reinforcing element 10 is composed of fiber optic sensing bundles. The reinforcing element 10 is impact-resistant, and when the outer layer is damaged or approaches a fire source, an alarm is triggered via the embedded fiber optic sensing bundle. The reinforcing element 10 provides mechanical reinforcement and serves as a redundant monitoring element for the outer layer's condition, triggering an alarm to assist in judgment when the outer layer is damaged or affected by high temperatures.

[0041] In this embodiment, 1. Conductor 1 stranding: According to the design specifications, multiple strands of tin-plated copper wire are stranded into conductor 1, and resistance and dimensions are checked.

[0042] 2. Wrapping the phlogopite tape 2: Wrap the phlogopite tape 2 around the conductor 1, controlling the overlap rate to 15%-25%, and fix the wrapped end by folding the edge.

[0043] 3. Setting of insulation layer 3: Silicone rubber is extruded or molded onto the wrapped conductor 1 to form insulation layer 3, which is then cured.

[0044] 4. Transmission component assembly: Arrange several transmission components with insulation layer 3 at equal intervals in a circular configuration. Place two fiber optic temperature sensing layers 5 in the center of the cable, arranged in parallel. Fill the gaps between the transmission components with fiber optic filler rope along the cable length and compact it.

[0045] 5. Secure the transmission components in groups by filling the wrapping layer 4 with polyester tape.

[0046] 6. Fiberglass tape wrapping layer 7 is set on the outside of the filling layer 6 by overlapping and winding, and then copper wire braiding is set to form shielding layer 8 (controlling the diameter of copper wire and braiding density), and then fiberglass tape wrapping layer 9 is wound and set.

[0047] 7. Install the reinforcing element 10 and fix it in the designated position.

[0048] 8. Extrusion of sheath layer 11: The entire structure is extruded and covered with sheath layer 11. After cooling and molding, the appearance, dimensions and markings are inspected.

[0049] 9. End treatment: Fabricate fiber optic connector boxes and connect them to the monitoring system; install grounding clamps or weld grounding treatment at both ends of the shielding layer; waterproof seal the sheath end.

[0050] 10. Conduct electrical insulation tests, shielding continuity tests, fiber optic OTDR loss tests, fire resistance sampling inspections, and mechanical performance tests.

[0051] In this embodiment, the backend of the fiber optic temperature sensing layer 5 is connected to a monitoring platform. The backend monitoring platform performs temperature data filtering, rate calculation, spatial clustering, and threshold judgment, records historical curves, and generates visual line graphs. The monitoring platform adopts a cable intelligent decision-making system monitoring and management platform.

[0052] By monitoring the condition of the cables, it can be ensured that the cables will not experience short circuits or open circuits for a certain period of time in the event of a fire, thus ensuring continued power supply.

[0053] In this embodiment, when the laser propagates in the optical fiber, external vibrations and pressure will produce a weak light scattering effect. By analyzing the scattered light signal received by the back-end equipment, the location and identification can be extremely accurate. The cable operation status monitoring, abnormal status early warning, and fault diagnosis functions can quickly determine cable line faults, pinpoint the fault location, greatly shorten the fault search time, facilitate rapid cable fault repair, and improve the reliability of the power supply system.

[0054] In this embodiment, the monitoring platform can record data at each stage and provide line graphs. The distributed fiber optic temperature measurement system continuously and accurately collects operating temperature data at every point on the cable, enabling real-time early warning of the entire line temperature. It features fast response, high accuracy, and precise positioning. Even when the location of a fault differs from its normal operating location, the system can quickly determine the cable's status based on the image.

[0055] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. All such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A novel fire alarm cable, comprising: Transmission components, protection components, A protective component is provided on the outside of the transmission component. Its features are: The transmission component includes a conductor (1), a phlogopite tape (2), and an insulating layer (3). The phlogopite tape (2) is disposed on the outside of the conductor (1), and the insulating layer (3) is disposed on the outside of the phlogopite tape (2). The outer sides of two adjacent transmission components are provided with polyester tape filling wrapping layer (4), the cable includes at least two transmission components, and at least one optical fiber temperature measuring layer (5) is provided at the center of the cable. The protective components include a filling layer (6), a fiberglass tape wrapping layer (7), and a sheath layer (11). The filling layer (6) is provided between the transmission components. The fiberglass tape wrapping layer (7) is provided on the outside of the filling layer (6). A shielding layer (8) is provided in the middle of the fiberglass tape wrapping layer (7). The sheath layer (11) is provided on the outside of the fiberglass tape wrapping layer (7). A reinforcing element (10) is provided inside the sheath layer (11).

2. The novel fire alarm cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission components include six, and the optical fiber temperature measurement layer (5) includes two.

3. A novel fire alarm cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductor (1) is a tin-plated copper conductor (1).

4. A novel fire alarm cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phlogopite tape (2) is set up by overlapping wrapping.

5. A novel fire alarm cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating layer (3) is made of ceramicized silicone rubber material.

6. A novel fire alarm cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical fiber temperature sensing layer (5) is made of a thermosensitive material with a positive temperature coefficient.

7. A novel fire alarm cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling layer (6) is made of glass fiber filling rope.

8. A novel fire early warning cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiberglass tape wrapping layer (7) adopts a dense overlapping wrapping of fiberglass tape.

9. A novel fire alarm cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sheath layer (11) is made of low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant material.

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