Extruder for electric wire and cable

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of extrusion machine technology, specifically to an extrusion machine for wires and cables. Its purpose is to provide an extrusion machine for wires and cables that effectively solves the problem of copper wire tension fluctuations caused by coil diameter variations during the wire feeding process. The machine includes a base, with the extrusion machine body located at the upper center of the base. A conveyor frame is located on the left side of the extrusion machine body, and a conveyor roller is fixedly connected to the upper end of the conveyor frame. An adjustment frame is located on the left side of the base, to the left of the conveyor frame. A liftable connecting frame is located on the upper side of the adjustment frame, and a pressing frame is located above the connecting frame. This invention uses a reduction gear assembly to convert the rotation of the rotating shaft into the lifting motion of the connecting frame, and with the elastic compensation of the tension spring, adjusts the height of the adjustment roller in real time. In the initial stage of wire feeding when the coil diameter is large, the copper wire is pressed down to increase tension; later, when the coil diameter is small, the tension is released by lifting, effectively solving the tension fluctuation problem caused by changes in coil diameter in traditional extrusion machines and ensuring uniform extruded layer thickness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of extrusion machine technology, specifically to an extrusion machine for wires and cables. Background Technology

[0002] In the wire and cable manufacturing process, the extruder is a key piece of equipment used to uniformly extrude insulation or sheathing materials onto the surface of the conductor (such as copper wire). However, existing extruders face a significant technical problem when processing copper wire: copper wire is usually supplied in coil form, and during the unwinding process, the diameter of the coil gradually decreases as the unwinding volume increases. This change causes significant fluctuations in the tension of the copper wire in the early and late stages of unwinding, thus affecting the stability of the extrusion process and product quality. Specifically, in the early stages of unwinding, due to the larger coil diameter, the tension of the copper wire is relatively low, which may lead to the copper wire becoming loose or even bent. Bent copper wire is prone to deviation or vibration when entering the extruder, resulting in uneven extrusion layer thickness and even core eccentricity. In the later stages of unwinding, as the coil diameter decreases, the tension of the copper wire gradually increases. Excessive tension may cause the copper wire to be stretched or even break, causing production interruptions. In addition, tension fluctuations can also lead to inconsistent copper wire lengths within the extruded core, affecting the electrical and mechanical properties of the product, especially in high-frequency signal transmission or high-precision applications. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an extrusion machine for wires and cables, which effectively solves the problem of adverse effects caused by the fluctuation of copper wire tension due to the coil diameter during the wire feeding process of the extrusion machine.

[0004] The technical solution is as follows: This utility model includes a base, an extruder body is provided at the middle of the upper end of the base, a conveyor frame is provided on the left side of the extruder body, a conveyor roller is fixedly connected to the upper end of the conveyor frame, an adjustment frame is provided on the left side of the base located on the left side of the conveyor frame, a liftable connecting frame is provided on the upper side of the adjustment frame, a lower pressure frame is provided above the connecting frame, an adjustment roller is rotatably connected to the upper side of the lower pressure frame, a fixed frame is provided on the left side of the adjustment frame, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the upper side of the fixed frame, a coil is provided on the front side of the rotating shaft, a speed reduction component is provided at the rear end of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft can drive the connecting frame to rise and fall via the speed reduction component.

[0005] The lower pressure frame is fixedly connected to slide rods on its front and rear sides, and the slide rods are slidably connected to the connecting frame. A tension spring is sleeved on the slide rod between the lower pressure frame and the connecting frame.

[0006] The deceleration assembly includes a first gear, which is rotatably connected to a fixed frame. Both the first gear and the rear end of the rotating shaft are fixedly connected to a transmission wheel, which is connected to the second gear via a transmission chain. The rear end of the fixed frame is rotatably connected to a second gear meshing with the first gear, and the rear end of the fixed frame is rotatably connected to a third gear meshing with the second gear. The rear end of the adjusting frame is rotatably connected to a connecting shaft, and the rear end of the connecting shaft and the rear end of the third gear are coaxially fixedly connected to a synchronous wheel, which is connected to the second gear via a synchronous chain.

[0007] The diameter of the first gear is smaller than the diameter of the second gear, and the diameter of the second gear is smaller than the diameter of the third gear.

[0008] A rack that can move left and right is slidably connected to the connecting frame, and a spur gear that can mesh with the rack is fixedly connected to the front side of the connecting shaft.

[0009] The connecting frame is equipped with a hydraulic rod, the output end of which is fixedly connected to the rack. The hydraulic rod can drive the rack to move left and right.

[0010] A fixing rod is fixedly connected to the front end of the connecting frame, and a return spring is sleeved on the fixing rod between the connecting frame and the adjusting frame.

[0011] The upper end of the base is provided with a cooling groove located on the right side of the extruder body.

[0012] Beneficial effects:

[0013] This invention converts the rotation of the rotating shaft into the lifting motion of the connecting frame through a deceleration component. With the elastic compensation of the tension spring, the height of the adjusting roller is adjusted in real time. When the coil diameter is large in the early stage of wire feeding, the copper wire is pressed down to increase the tension. When the coil diameter is small in the later stage, the roller is raised to release the tension. This effectively solves the problem of tension fluctuation caused by changes in coil diameter in traditional extruders and ensures uniform extrusion layer thickness. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is the main view axonometric drawing of this utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a rear view of the fixing bracket in this utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a left-side view of the adjustment frame in this utility model.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a utility model Figure 2 A magnified view of A in the middle.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Extruder body; 3. Conveyor frame; 4. Conveyor roller; 5. Adjusting frame; 6. Connecting frame; 7. Lower pressing frame; 8. Adjusting roller; 9. Fixing frame; 10. Rotating shaft; 11. Coil; 12. Slide rod; 13. Tension spring; 14. First gear; 15. Transmission wheel; 16. Transmission chain; 17. Second gear; 18. Third gear; 19. Connecting shaft; 20. Synchronous pulley; 21. Synchronous chain; 22. Rack; 23. Spur gear; 24. Hydraulic rod; 25. Fixing rod; 26. Return spring; 27. Cooling tank. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Depend on Figures 1 to 4 The device includes a base 1, an extruder body 2 located at the upper center of the base 1, a conveyor frame 3 located on the left side of the extruder body 2, a conveyor roller 4 fixedly connected to the upper end of the conveyor frame 3, an adjustment frame 5 located on the left side of the base 1 and to the left of the conveyor frame 3, a liftable connecting frame 6 located on the upper side of the adjustment frame 5, a pressing frame 7 located above the connecting frame 6, an adjustment roller 8 rotatably connected to the upper side of the pressing frame 7, a fixed frame 9 located on the left side of the adjustment frame 5, a rotating shaft 10 rotatably connected to the upper side of the fixed frame 9, a coil 11 located at the front of the rotating shaft 10, and a speed reduction assembly located at the rear end of the rotating shaft 10. The rotating shaft 10 can drive the connecting frame 6 to rise and fall via the speed reduction assembly.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, base 1 serves as the basic support structure for the entire device, providing a stable installation platform for extruder body 2 and other components. Extruder body 2 is responsible for uniformly extruding insulation or sheathing material onto the conductor surface, realizing the main processing function of wires and cables. Located on the left side of extruder body 2, it guides and transports copper wire into extruder body 2, ensuring that the copper wire moves along the correct path. Adjusting frame 5, connecting frame 6, and pressing frame 7 are provided. Adjusting frame 5 provides the motion track and support structure for the lifting and lowering of connecting frame 6. Connecting frame 6 is a liftable component that can adjust its height position according to changes in copper wire tension. Adjusting roller 8 on pressing frame 7 directly contacts the copper wire. Fixed frame 9 and rotating shaft 10 are provided. Fixed frame 9 supports rotating shaft 10. Rotating shaft 10 is used to install copper wire coil 11 and allows it to rotate and release wire. A deceleration component connects rotating shaft 10 and connecting frame 6, converting the rapid rotational motion of rotating shaft 10 into the slow lifting and lowering motion of connecting frame 6, realizing automatic tension adjustment.

[0022] The lower pressure frame 7 is fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the sliding rod 12 respectively. The sliding rod 12 is slidably connected to the connecting frame 6. A tension spring 13 is sleeved on the sliding rod 12 between the lower pressure frame 7 and the connecting frame 6.

[0023] like Figure 3As shown, the slide rod 12 is fixed to the front and rear sides of the lower pressure frame 7 and slidably connected to the connecting frame 6, providing linear guidance for the lifting and lowering movement of the lower pressure frame 7, ensuring the stability of vertical lifting and lowering, and avoiding deviation or jamming. Through the tension spring 13 sleeved on the slide rod 12, an elastic connection is formed between the lower pressure frame 7 and the connecting frame 6, which absorbs the copper wire tension fluctuation in real time. When the copper wire tension decreases, the rebound force of the tension spring 13 pushes the lower pressure frame 7 to move down, driving the adjusting roller 8 to press the copper wire and maintain constant tension. When the tension increases, the tension spring 13 is stretched, and the connecting frame 6 rises to release the tension, achieving dynamic balance.

[0024] The deceleration assembly includes a first gear 14, which is rotatably connected to a fixed frame 9. The first gear 14 and the rear end of the rotating shaft 10 are both fixedly connected to a transmission wheel 15. The two transmission wheels 15 are connected by a transmission chain 16. The rear end of the fixed frame 9 is rotatably connected to a second gear 17 that meshes with the first gear 14. The rear end of the fixed frame 9 is rotatably connected to a third gear 18 that meshes with the second gear 17. The rear end of the adjusting frame 5 is rotatably connected to a connecting shaft 19. The rear end of the connecting shaft 19 and the rear end of the third gear 18 are both coaxially fixedly connected to a synchronous wheel 20. The two synchronous wheels 20 are connected by a synchronous chain 21.

[0025] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, a first gear 14 and a transmission wheel 15 are connected via a transmission chain 16 to the transmission wheel 15 at the rear end of the rotating shaft 10, transmitting the rotational power of the rotating shaft 10 to the reduction gear assembly. When the rotating shaft 10 rotates, it drives the first gear 14 to rotate synchronously, realizing power input. A second gear 17 meshes with the first gear 14, and a third gear 18 meshes with the second gear 17, forming a two-stage reduction structure. By reducing the rotational speed through gear meshing ratio, the high-speed rotation of the rotating shaft 10 is converted into a low-speed output. Synchronous pulley 20 and synchronous chain 21 are set up so that the synchronous pulley 20 at the rear end of the third gear 18 can be connected to the synchronous pulley 20 at the rear end of the connecting shaft 19 of the adjusting frame 5 through synchronous chain 21. The decelerated power is transmitted to the connecting shaft 19, which ultimately drives the connecting frame 6 to rise and fall. This realizes the cross-regional transmission of power from the fixed frame 9 side to the adjusting frame 5 side, while maintaining motion synchronization and ensuring precise control of the rising and falling of the connecting frame 6. Initially, the copper wire tension is small, and the connecting frame 6 is located at the lower limit position. As the coil 11 is gradually released, the diameter of the copper wire in the coil 11 shortens, the tension gradually increases, and the connecting frame 6 gradually rises, ensuring that the copper wire tension remains balanced and does not become too large or too small.

[0026] The diameter of the first gear 14 is smaller than the diameter of the second gear 17, and the diameter of the second gear 17 is smaller than the diameter of the third gear 18.

[0027] like Figure 2As shown, a stepped reduction ratio is formed by a three-stage gear diameter increasing design. When each gear meshes, the small gear drives the large gear, and the speed decreases step by step. Finally, the high-speed rotation of the rotating shaft 10 is converted into the low-speed lifting motion of the connecting shaft 19. Through precise speed control, the connecting frame 6 is ensured to rise and fall slowly with the change of copper wire tension, dynamically maintaining constant tension and preventing the copper wire from being too loose or too tight.

[0028] A rack 22 that can move left and right is slidably connected to the connecting frame 6, and a spur gear 23 that can mesh with the rack 22 is fixedly connected to the front side of the connecting shaft 19.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, the design of the rack 22, which can move left and right, allows it to dynamically mesh or disengage with the spur gear 23 on the front side of the connecting shaft 19. By adjusting the position of the rack 22, the meshing state between the spur gear 23 and the rack 22 can be controlled, thereby determining whether to transmit the rotational motion of the connecting shaft 19 to the rack 22. After completing the wire feeding task of the coil 11, the rack 22 can disengage from the gear, and the connecting frame 6 can be lowered to the lower limit position under the action of the return spring 26, so that the coil 11 can continue to be placed for wire feeding.

[0030] The connecting frame 6 is equipped with a hydraulic rod 24, the output end of which is fixedly connected to the rack 22. The hydraulic rod 24 can drive the rack 22 to move left and right.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown, a hydraulic rod 24 is provided to power the left and right movement of the rack 22.

[0032] A fixing rod 25 is fixedly connected to the front end of the connecting frame 6, and a return spring 26 located between the connecting frame 6 and the adjusting frame 5 is sleeved on the fixing rod 25.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the fixed rod 25 is set as the mounting carrier of the return spring 26, providing axial positioning and guidance for the spring, ensuring that the spring moves in a straight line when compressed or extended. The return spring 26 is set so that when the rack 22 disengages from the spur gear 23, the spring releases its stored energy and pushes the connecting frame 6 to quickly return to the lower limit position, preparing for the installation of the next coil 11. The automatic return of the connecting frame 6 by the spring saves the time of manual adjustment and improves the continuous wire feeding efficiency of multiple coils 11.

[0034] The upper end of the base 1 is provided with a cooling groove 27 located on the right side of the extruder body 2.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the coating material extruded by the extruder enters the cooling tank 27 at a high temperature and is rapidly cooled by water or air cooling to solidify and shape the material, thus preventing deformation or adhesion.

[0036] When this utility model is in use, the copper wire coil 11 has a large diameter and the wire feeding speed is fast, resulting in low copper wire tension. Due to insufficient tension, the tension spring 13 contracts, pushing the lower pressure frame 7 to move down, causing the adjusting roller 8 to press the copper wire, increasing the contact pressure, and preventing the copper wire from loosening or bending.

[0037] As the wire is fed out, the diameter of coil 11 decreases and the tension of copper wire gradually increases. When the tension increases, the copper wire pulls the adjusting roller 8 up and stretches the tension spring 13. The gear transmission ratio of the deceleration assembly ensures that the lifting speed of the connecting frame 6 matches the change in the diameter of coil 11, maintaining constant tension. The copper wire enters the extruder under uniform tension, avoiding uneven extrusion layer thickness or wire core eccentricity, and ensuring product quality.

[0038] After the wire is laid out, a new coil 11 is replaced. When the coil 11 is laid out, the hydraulic rod 24 is activated, pushing the rack 22 to move to the right and disengage from the spur gear 23. The connecting frame 6 loses its power lock, the return spring 26 releases its stored energy, and pushes the connecting frame 6 to quickly descend to the lower limit position, making it easy for the operator to replace the new coil 11.

[0039] After the new coil 11 is installed, the hydraulic rod 24 extends, the rack 22 moves to the left and re-engages with the spur gear 23, and the system enters the next working cycle.

[0040] In this invention, both the extruder body and the cooling tank are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0041] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples illustrating the spirit of this utility model. Those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, without departing from the spirit of this utility model or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An extruder for electrical cables, comprising a base (1), characterised in that, The base (1) has an extruder body (2) at the middle of the upper end. The extruder body (2) has a conveyor frame (3) on the left side. The conveyor frame (3) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the conveyor roller (4). The base (1) has an adjustment frame (5) on the left side of the conveyor frame (3). The adjustment frame (5) has a liftable connecting frame (6) on the upper side. The connecting frame (6) has a lower pressure frame (7) on the upper side. The lower pressure frame (7) has an adjustment roller (8) rotatably connected to the upper side. The adjustment frame (5) has a fixed frame (9) on the left side. The fixed frame (9) has a rotating shaft (10) rotatably connected to the upper side. The rotating shaft (10) has a coil (11) on the front side. The rotating shaft (10) has a deceleration component at the rear end. The rotating shaft (10) can drive the connecting frame (6) to rise and fall through the deceleration component.

2. An extruder for electrical wires and cables according to claim 1, characterized in that The lower pressure frame (7) is fixedly connected to the front and rear sides with slide rods (12), and slide rods (12) are slidably connected to the connecting frame (6). A tension spring (13) is sleeved on the slide rod (12) between the lower pressure frame (7) and the connecting frame (6).

3. An extruder for electrical wires and cables according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deceleration assembly includes a first gear (14), which is rotatably connected to a fixed frame (9). The first gear (14) and the rear end of the rotating shaft (10) are both fixedly connected to a transmission wheel (15). The two transmission wheels (15) are connected by a transmission chain (16). The rear end of the fixed frame (9) is rotatably connected to a second gear (17) meshing with the first gear (14). The rear end of the fixed frame (9) is rotatably connected to a third gear (18) meshing with the second gear (17). The rear end of the adjusting frame (5) is rotatably connected to a connecting shaft (19). The rear end of the connecting shaft (19) and the rear end of the third gear (18) are both coaxially fixedly connected to a synchronous wheel (20). The two synchronous wheels (20) are connected by a synchronous chain (21).

4. An extruder for electrical wires and cables according to claim 3, characterized in that The diameter of the first gear (14) is smaller than the diameter of the second gear (17), and the diameter of the second gear (17) is smaller than the diameter of the third gear (18).

5. An extruder for electrical wires and cables according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting frame (6) is slidably connected to a rack (22) that can move left and right, and the front side of the connecting shaft (19) is fixedly connected to a spur gear (23) that can mesh with the rack (22).

6. An extruder for electrical wires and cables according to claim 5, characterized in that The connecting frame (6) is provided with a hydraulic rod (24), the output end of which is fixedly connected to the rack (22), and the hydraulic rod (24) can drive the rack (22) to move left and right.

7. An extruder for wire and cable according to claim 1, characterized in that The front end of the connecting frame (6) is fixedly connected to a fixing rod (25), and a return spring (26) is sleeved on the fixing rod (25) between the connecting frame (6) and the adjusting frame (5).

8. An extruder for wire and cable according to claim 1, characterized in that The upper end of the base (1) is provided with a cooling groove (27) located on the right side of the extruder body (2).

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