Power distribution equipment, batteries and electrical appliances

Abstract

A power distribution device (30), a battery (1), and an electrical appliance are disclosed. The power distribution device (30) includes a base (32) and a relay (312). The base (32) forms a receiving cavity (321). The relay (312) includes a switching unit (3124), at least a portion of the outer wall of which is exposed within the receiving cavity (321). The inner wall of the receiving cavity (321) is connected to the relay (312) to secure the relay (312) within the receiving cavity (321). The power distribution device (30) can secure the relay (312) within the receiving cavity (321). Furthermore, the relay (312) secured within the receiving cavity (321) can have its own housing structure replaced by the inner wall of the receiving cavity (321). Thus, the housing structure of the relay (312) can be omitted, resulting in an integrated and miniaturized power distribution device, reducing design margins and space waste.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202311041171.4, filed on August 17, 2023, with the State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China, entitled "Power Distribution Device, Battery and Electrical Equipment", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of batteries, and more particularly to a power distribution device, a battery, and an electrical appliance. Background Technology

[0004] A power distribution unit is a control unit that distributes battery energy, especially for high-voltage distribution. Power distribution units typically consist of a housing and electrical components such as relays assembled within it. However, existing power distribution units have significant design margins and wasted space, resulting in large unit sizes. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a power distribution device, a battery, and electrical equipment, aiming to solve the problem that existing power distribution devices have large design margins and wasted space, resulting in large sizes of power distribution devices.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in the embodiments of this application is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, a power distribution device is provided, comprising:

[0008] The base forms a receiving cavity;

[0009] A relay is fixedly mounted on a base. The relay includes a switching unit, at least a portion of the outer wall of which is exposed within a receiving cavity. The inner wall of the receiving cavity is connected to the relay to fix the relay within the receiving cavity.

[0010] The power distribution device provided in this application embodiment can fix the relay in the receiving cavity of the base by accommodating the relay and connecting the inner wall of the receiving cavity to the relay. Furthermore, the relay fixedly installed in the receiving cavity can have at least a portion of its outer wall of its switching unit exposed within the receiving cavity, allowing the inner wall of the receiving cavity to replace its own outer shell structure for protection. Based on this, while ensuring the base can effectively accommodate, limit, fix, and protect the relay, the relay's own outer shell structure can be effectively omitted. This facilitates a compact overall layout of the base and relay, resulting in an integrated, miniaturized, lightweight, and simplified power distribution device. It effectively reduces design margins, wasted space, and occupied space, significantly reducing the weight of the power distribution device and lowering its production costs.

[0011] In some embodiments, the relay abuts against at least a portion of the inner wall.

[0012] By adopting the above solution, the inner wall of the receiving cavity can be made to at least partially abut against the relay, thereby ensuring and enhancing the limiting and positioning effect of the inner wall on the relay. Based on this, it is beneficial to stabilize the installation state of the relay in the receiving cavity, especially when the relay vibrates during operation, thus reliably stabilizing the relay's state within the receiving cavity and reducing the risk of the relay dislodging from the receiving cavity. Furthermore, since at least part of the relay abuts against the inner wall, the space margin of the receiving cavity after mating with the relay can be constrained and reduced, thereby reducing the design margin, wasted space, and space occupation of the power distribution device, and facilitating the miniaturization and weight reduction of the power distribution device.

[0013] In some embodiments, a first gap exists between the relay and at least a portion of the inner wall.

[0014] By adopting the above solution, during the assembly process of placing and removing the relay into the receiving cavity, an assembly allowance is formed through the first gap between the relay and at least a portion of the inner wall, providing assembly space to facilitate the smooth placement and removal of the relay into the receiving cavity, thereby improving the ease and efficiency of assembly between the relay and the receiving cavity. Furthermore, even when the relay is already placed in the receiving cavity, a connection space is formed through the first gap between the relay and at least a portion of the inner wall, allowing for the establishment of an interconnection between the relay and the receiving cavity at the connection space, thus facilitating the stable and reliable fixing of the relay into the receiving cavity.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first gap is used to fill structural adhesive, and the relay is bonded to at least a portion of the inner wall by the structural adhesive.

[0016] By adopting the above solution, when the relay is already placed in the receiving cavity, a connection space is formed through the first gap between the relay and at least a portion of the inner wall. This space is used to fill structural adhesive, allowing the corresponding parts of the relay and the inner wall to be reliably and firmly bonded together via the structural adhesive. Based on this, the fixing effect of the receiving cavity on the relay can be effectively guaranteed and enhanced, thereby facilitating the stability of the relay's installation state within the receiving cavity, especially reliably stabilizing the relay's state within the receiving cavity when vibration occurs during operation. Furthermore, since the first gap can be used to fill the structural adhesive, the first gap does not constitute a spatial margin in the receiving cavity after mating with the relay, thereby reducing the design margin, wasted space, and space occupation of the power distribution device, which is beneficial for the miniaturization and weight reduction of the power distribution device.

[0017] In some embodiments, the inner wall is provided with a protruding structure, and the inner wall abuts against the relay through at least a portion of the protruding structure.

[0018] By adopting the above solution, the inner wall of the receiving cavity can be provided with a protruding structure, which at least partially abuts against the relay, thereby ensuring and enhancing the limiting and positioning effect of the relay. Based on this, it is beneficial to stabilize the installation state of the relay in the receiving cavity, especially when the relay vibrates during operation, reliably stabilizing the relay's state within the receiving cavity, thus reducing the risk of the relay detaching from the receiving cavity and ensuring and improving the relay's installation stability and operational reliability. Furthermore, the contact area between the inner wall of the receiving cavity and the relay can be correspondingly reduced. Therefore, during the assembly process of placing and removing the relay from the receiving cavity, the friction between the relay and the inner wall can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the ease of assembly between the relay and the receiving cavity.

[0019] By adopting the above solution, it is also possible to facilitate the formation of a first gap between the inner wall and the relay through partial contact (i.e., at least partially protruding structures) and partial contact (i.e., areas without protruding structures). Based on this, during the assembly process of placing and removing the relay from the receiving cavity, the first gap can create an assembly allowance, providing assembly space to improve the ease of assembly between the relay and the receiving cavity. Furthermore, when the relay is already placed in the receiving cavity, the first gap can create a connection space to facilitate the stable and reliable fixing of the relay to the receiving cavity.

[0020] In some embodiments, the receiving cavity has an opening, and the inner wall includes a bottom wall, a top wall, a first side wall, a second side wall, and a third side wall. The bottom wall is used to support the relay, the top wall is disposed opposite to the bottom wall, the first side wall is disposed opposite to the second side wall, and the third side wall is disposed opposite to the opening.

[0021] By adopting the above scheme, it is easy to place and remove the relay into the receiving cavity through the opening. It is also easy to limit and protect the relay from multiple directions through the bottom wall, top wall, first side wall, second side wall and third side wall when the relay is placed in the receiving cavity. This can ensure and improve the installation stability of the relay in the receiving cavity, and ensure and improve the receiving cavity's effect of accommodating, limiting, fixing and protecting the relay.

[0022] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the bottom wall, top wall, first side wall, second side wall, and third side wall are provided with protruding structures.

[0023] By adopting the above solution, during the assembly process of placing and removing the relay into the receiving cavity, at least a portion of the bottom wall, top wall, first side wall, second side wall, and third side wall can reduce their contact area with the relay through the provided protrusions, thereby reducing the friction between them; and a first gap can be formed between the relay and the area without the protrusions, thereby creating an assembly allowance and providing assembly space. This improves the ease of assembly between the relay and the receiving cavity.

[0024] By adopting the above solution, when the relay is placed in the receiving cavity, at least a portion of the bottom wall, top wall, first side wall, second side wall, and third side wall can abut against the relay through at least a portion of the protruding structure, thereby ensuring and enhancing the limiting and positioning effect on the relay; and a connection space can be formed through the first gap to facilitate the stable and reliable fixing of the relay in the receiving cavity. This improves the installation stability of the relay in the receiving cavity.

[0025] In some embodiments, the protrusions provided on the bottom wall, top wall, first side wall and second side wall are first protrusions, and the first protrusions extend in a direction away from the opening.

[0026] By adopting the above solution, during the assembly process of placing and removing the relay into the receiving cavity, at least a portion of the bottom wall, top wall, first side wall, and second side wall can be aligned with the disassembly / removal direction of the relay and the receiving cavity by a first protrusion extending in a direction away from the opening, thereby reducing the friction between the relay and the receiving cavity, especially reducing the friction in directions other than the disassembly / removal direction. This improves the ease and efficiency of assembly between the relay and the receiving cavity while ensuring the relay's limiting effect.

[0027] In some embodiments, the protrusion structure provided on the third sidewall is a second protrusion, and at least two second protrusions are provided, with each second protrusion being cross-connected.

[0028] By adopting the above solution, when the relay is already placed in the receiving cavity, the third sidewall can abut against the relay through at least a portion of the cross-connected second protrusions to enhance the limiting and positioning effect on the relay; and a first gap can be formed through the cells between each second protrusion to form a connection space. This facilitates improving the installation stability of the relay in the receiving cavity.

[0029] In some embodiments, the receiving cavity has an opening, and the power distribution device includes a cover attached to the base for sealing the opening.

[0030] By adopting the above solution, with the relay already placed in the receiving cavity and connected to the inner wall of the cavity, the opening of the receiving cavity can be sealed by a cover connected to the base. Based on this, on the one hand, the cover, in conjunction with the base, provides comprehensive protection for the relay in the receiving cavity, thereby ensuring and improving the protection effect of the power distribution device on the relay, and ensuring and extending the service life of both the relay and the power distribution device. On the other hand, the cover reliably prevents the relay from detaching from the opening of the receiving cavity, especially preventing the relay from detaching from the receiving cavity due to vibration during operation, thereby ensuring and improving the installation stability and reliability of the power distribution device for the relay. Furthermore, the cover reliably prevents external devices from contacting, colliding with, or damaging the relay, thereby ensuring and extending the service life of both the relay and the power distribution device, and to a certain extent, reducing safety hazards of the power distribution device.

[0031] In some embodiments, the cover has a through hole for the relay contacts to pass through.

[0032] By adopting the above solution, when the relay's contacts face the opening and the cover seals the opening of the receiving cavity, the cover can be provided with a through hole to allow the relay contacts to pass through. This facilitates the relay contacts being exposed within the cover and connected to the high-voltage circuit to control its on / off function. Based on this, the effectiveness of both the cover and the relay can be ensured, thereby guaranteeing the performance of the power distribution equipment.

[0033] In some embodiments, each cover has at least one through hole, each relay has at least two contacts, each through hole corresponds to at least one contact, and each through hole is used for the corresponding contact to pass through.

[0034] By adopting the above scheme, when the relay's contacts face the opening and the cover seals the opening of the receiving cavity, the cover can have at least one through hole, exposing at least two contacts of the relay one-to-one or one-to-many through the through hole. Based on this, the effectiveness of both the cover and the relay can be ensured, and it is convenient for each contact of the relay to be connected to the high-voltage circuit and jointly perform the function of controlling the on / off state of the high-voltage circuit. In particular, when each through hole corresponds to one contact, the contacts of the relay can be separated into different through holes, thereby improving the insulation between the contacts of the relay, reducing the risk of short circuits, and minimizing safety hazards in the power distribution equipment.

[0035] In some embodiments, the cover has a partition structure for separating two adjacent contacts of the relay.

[0036] By adopting the above solution, when each contact of the relay passes through the corresponding through hole of the cover, the cover can insulate and separate two adjacent contacts through a partition structure located between them. This effectively increases the creepage distance between two adjacent contacts, improves the insulation between them, reduces the risk of short circuits, and minimizes safety hazards in power distribution equipment.

[0037] In some embodiments, the power distribution device includes a shielding member disposed on the side of the cover opposite to the receiving cavity, for shielding the contacts of the relay.

[0038] By adopting the above solution, while ensuring the effectiveness of both the cover and the relay, a shielding member located on the side of the cover away from the receiving cavity can protect the cover and the relay contacts exposed through the cover's through-hole, especially ensuring that the relay contacts are not exposed to the outside of the power distribution device. Based on this, on the one hand, the shielding member can protect the cover and the corresponding relay contacts, thus ensuring and extending the service life of the relay and the power distribution device. On the other hand, the shielding member can reliably prevent human hands or external devices from contacting the relay contacts and conducting electricity, thereby reducing safety hazards in the power distribution device and improving its performance.

[0039] In some embodiments, the cover is snapped into the inner wall of the receiving cavity via a snap-fit ​​connection.

[0040] By adopting the above solution, when the relay is already placed in the receiving cavity and the relay is connected to the inner wall of the receiving cavity, the cover can be conveniently and quickly detachably connected to the base by aligning and fitting it to the side of the relay near the opening, and by connecting the cover's latches to the corresponding latches on the inner wall of the receiving cavity. Based on this, the convenience and reliability of the connection between the cover and the base can be guaranteed and improved, and the cover can accurately and reliably seal the opening of the receiving cavity.

[0041] In some embodiments, at least two receiving cavities are provided, at least two relays are provided, and at least some of the relays are installed in the receiving cavities one-to-one.

[0042] By adopting the above scheme, the base can fix at least two relays one-to-one through at least two receiving cavities. Based on this, it can be ensured that the base can perform the functions of receiving, limiting, fixing and protecting each relay fixedly installed in the receiving cavity through each receiving cavity. At the same time, the housing structure of at least two relays can be omitted, thereby greatly compacting the overall layout of the base and each relay, which is more conducive to the integration, miniaturization, weight reduction and simplification of the power distribution device.

[0043] In some embodiments, the base is provided with at least one insulating structure, which is disposed between two adjacent receiving cavities to separate the contacts of corresponding two relays.

[0044] By adopting the above scheme, an insulating structure can be provided between two adjacent receiving cavities in the base to insulate and separate the two adjacent receiving cavities. This insulating structure can also insulate and separate the two relays installed in the two receiving cavities, particularly the contacts of the two relays. Therefore, the insulation between the contacts of two adjacent caseless relays can be effectively improved, reducing the risk of short circuits and enhancing the reliability and safety of the power distribution equipment.

[0045] In some embodiments, the power distribution device includes electrical components and a cover, the electrical components include relays, and at least two electrical components are provided, all of which are mounted on a base;

[0046] The cover is located on the same side of each electrical component and connected to the base. The side of the cover facing each electrical component has circuit elements for electrical connection with each electrical component.

[0047] By adopting the above scheme and mounting all electrical components on the base, on the one hand, it facilitates the planning, optimization, and compactness of the component layout, thereby enabling a more compact overall layout of the base and components, and promoting the integration, miniaturization, lightweighting, and simplification of the power distribution equipment. On the other hand, the base, combined with the cover connected to it, provides reliable protection for the components mounted on it, thus ensuring and extending the service life of the components and the power distribution equipment.

[0048] By adopting the above solution, the integrated circuit components on the side of the cover facing each electrical component can be better protected by the cover, reducing the risk of damage to the circuit components and thus ensuring and extending their service life. Furthermore, it facilitates precise alignment and electrical connection between the circuit components and each electrical component during the assembly of the cover to the base. This allows for the reliable construction of the required electrical connections between the circuit components and each electrical component, ensuring the power distribution device can achieve its intended functions. It also reduces assembly steps, improves the convenience and reliability of connections between the circuit components and each electrical component, and enhances the assembly convenience and efficiency of the power distribution device.

[0049] In some embodiments, the gap between an electrical device and an adjacent electrical device is a second gap. The electrical device is provided with a first connector, which includes a first connection portion for detachable connection with a circuit element. The first connection portion is located outside each second gap of the corresponding electrical device.

[0050] By adopting the above scheme, when the gap between an electrical component and its adjacent components is defined as a second gap, by placing the first connecting part outside each of the second gaps of the corresponding electrical component, on the one hand, it is convenient to perform the connection operation of the first connecting part in the space outside each of the second gaps of the corresponding electrical component, thereby ensuring and improving the convenience of connecting and disconnecting the first connecting part. On the other hand, it eliminates the need to provide a space for accommodating the first connecting part or a space for connecting the first connecting part in each of the second gaps of the electrical component, thereby facilitating the compression of the gap between the electrical component and its adjacent components as needed, which is conducive to a compact overall layout of the electrical components, and thus facilitates the formation of an integrated, compact, and miniaturized power distribution device.

[0051] In some embodiments, the circuit element includes a connector and a second connector, the connector being embedded in the cover and the connector's socket being exposed outside the cover.

[0052] The second connector includes a conductive connection part and a second connection part. One end of the conductive connection part is connected to a connector, and the other end of the conductive connection part is connected to the second connection part. The second connection part is bent toward the corresponding electrical device for detachable connection with the corresponding electrical device.

[0053] In some embodiments, the conductive connection portion is embedded in the cover.

[0054] By adopting the above solution, the cover provides excellent protection for the conductive connections embedded within it, thereby reducing the risk of interference, wear, and damage to the conductive connections and extending the service life of both the conductive connections and circuit components. Furthermore, since the conductive connections are embedded in the cover, the stability and accuracy of the circuit components relative to the cover are ensured and improved. Based on this, when assembling the cover to the base and simultaneously completing the electrical connection between the circuit components and various electrical devices, the alignment accuracy between the circuit components and various electrical devices is effectively improved, thus enhancing the convenience and reliability of the connection between the circuit components and various electrical devices.

[0055] In some embodiments, the cover, connector, and conductive connection are an integrated structure.

[0056] By adopting the above solution, the cover and the connectors and conductive connections embedded in the cover can form an integrated structure. Based on this, the reliability, tightness, stability, and strength of the connection between the cover and the connectors and conductive connections can be effectively enhanced. The overall structural strength of the cover and the connectors and conductive connections can be effectively enhanced. The protective effect of the cover on the connectors and conductive connections can be effectively enhanced. The risk of wear and damage to the connectors can be reduced. The risk of interference and wear to the conductive connections can be reduced.

[0057] By adopting the above solution, the assembly process between the cover and the connector, and between the cover and the conductive connection part, can be simplified. It also facilitates the precise alignment between the second connection part of the second connector and the first connection part of the corresponding electrical component during the assembly of the cover, and the electrical connection between the second connection part and the corresponding first connection part can be completed simultaneously. In other words, the connection process between the second connector and the electrical component can be simplified, thereby effectively reducing the assembly steps, effectively ensuring and improving the connection reliability between the connector and the electrical component, and effectively improving the assembly efficiency and structural reliability of the power distribution device.

[0058] In some embodiments, the power distribution device includes electrical components and insulating heat-conducting components, the electrical components including relays, and the electrical components are mounted on a base;

[0059] One side of the insulating thermally conductive element is connected to at least a portion of the electrical device, and the other side of the insulating thermally conductive element is used to connect to the heat exchanger. The insulating thermally conductive element is used to transfer heat from the electrical device to the heat exchanger.

[0060] By adopting the above scheme, the power distribution device can be insulated and thermally connected to electrical components through insulating thermally conductive parts, and also to external heat exchange components through insulating thermally conductive parts. Based on this, on the one hand, the insulating performance of the insulating thermally conductive parts ensures that the electrical components and heat exchange components are insulated from each other, thus largely avoiding short circuits between the electrical components, insulating thermally conductive parts, and heat exchange components, effectively reducing the risk of high-voltage short circuits and arcing. On the other hand, it facilitates heat exchange and conduction between the electrical components and heat exchange components through the insulating thermally conductive parts, especially facilitating the transfer of heat generated by the electrical components to the heat exchange components, thereby diffusing and dissipating the heat generated by the electrical components to the outside of the power distribution device. This effectively ensures and improves the heat dissipation performance and efficiency of the power distribution device for the electrical components, effectively reducing the risk of thermal failure of the electrical components, and effectively ensuring and extending the service life of the electrical components and the power distribution device.

[0061] In some embodiments, the power distribution device includes a housing connected to the base on the side near the insulating thermally conductive element;

[0062] The insulating and thermally conductive component is mounted on the package housing, with the surface of the insulating and thermally conductive component facing away from the electrical component and exposed on the package housing.

[0063] By adopting the above scheme, the insulating thermally conductive component can be fixedly mounted on the encapsulation base, ensuring a stable and secure mounting position and state for the component relative to the base. This facilitates precise and stable alignment between the component and the electrical device, enabling a precise and reliable insulating thermal connection. Furthermore, since the side of the insulating thermally conductive component facing the electrical device is insulated and thermally connected to it, while the surface facing away from the device is exposed on the encapsulation base and thermally connected to the heat exchanger, the component can be directly and thermally connected between the electrical device and the heat exchanger. This reduces the obstruction of the heat conduction path by the encapsulation base, ensuring and improving the thermal conductivity between the component and the heat exchanger.

[0064] Secondly, a battery is provided, including the power distribution device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0065] By adopting the above solution, the battery can ensure and improve its space utilization, volume utilization and energy density by using the power distribution device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0066] Thirdly, an electrical device is provided, including the battery provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0067] By adopting the above solution, electrical equipment can ensure and improve its performance by using the battery provided in the embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0068] To clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0069] Figure 1 This application provides structural schematic diagrams of vehicles for some embodiments;

[0070] Figure 2 An exploded view of a battery provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0071] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0072] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power distribution device provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0073] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the base, relay and cover provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0074] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Exploded view of the base, relay, and cover assembly provided;

[0075] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the base and relay provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0076] Figure 8 This application provides schematic diagrams of the structure of a base for some embodiments;

[0077] Figure 9 Exploded view of the power distribution device provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 1 ;

[0078] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Exploded view diagrams of the various electrical components, covers, and circuit elements provided;

[0079] Figure 11 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the provided power distribution equipment Figure 2 ;

[0080] Figure 12 A front view of a power distribution device provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0081] Figure 13 for Figure 12The provided sectional view along AA.

[0082] The following are the labeling elements in the figure:

[0083] 1-Battery, 2-Controller, 3-Motor; 10-Battery cell; 20-Casing, 21-First part, 22-Second part; 30-Power distribution device; 40-Heat exchanger, 41-Thermal management component;

[0084] 31-Electrical component, 311-Conductive structure, 3111-Heat-conducting surface, 3112-First conductive part, 3113-Second conductive part, 3114-Third conductive part; 312-Relay, 3121-Main positive relay, 3122-Main negative relay, 3123-Pre-charge relay, 3124-Switching unit, 31241-Iron core, 31242-Coil, 31243-Bracket; 3125-Contact; 313-Current sensor, 3131-Shunt, 3132-Hall current sensor; 314-Fuse, 3141-Main fuse, 315-Pre-charge resistor; 316-Second gap, 317-First connector, 3171-First connecting part; 32-Base, 321-Receiving cavity, 3 211-Inner wall, 3212-Bottom wall, 3213-Top wall, 3214-First side wall, 3215-Second side wall, 3216-Third side wall, 3217-Opening; 322-First gap; 323-Protruding structure, 3231-First protrusion, 3232-Second protrusion; 324-Insulating structure; 33-Cover, 331-Through hole, 332-Blocking structure, 333-Snap-on; 34-Shielding; 35-Cover body; 36-Circuit element, 361-Connector, 3611-Socket, 362-Second connector, 3621-Second connecting part, 3622-Conductive connecting part; 37-Insulating and heat-conducting component; 38-Encapsulation base, 381-First limiting structure, 382-Second limiting structure. Detailed Implementation

[0085] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clear, the application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0086] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0087] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or at least two of that feature. In the description of this application, "at least two" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0088] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0089] In a battery, the power distribution unit is the control unit that distributes battery energy, especially for high-voltage distribution. In some cases, the power distribution unit includes a housing and electrical components such as relays assembled within the housing. However, the assembly and fitting of the various components of the power distribution unit results in a large design margin and wasted space, leading to a large size of the power distribution unit and hindering its miniaturization.

[0090] Therefore, some embodiments of this application provide a power distribution device that can fix a relay in a receiving cavity of a base by accommodating the relay and connecting the inner wall of the receiving cavity to the relay. Furthermore, the relay fixedly installed in the receiving cavity can have at least a portion of its outer wall of its switching unit exposed within the receiving cavity, allowing the inner wall of the receiving cavity to replace its own outer shell structure for protection. Based on this, while ensuring the base can effectively accommodate, limit, fix, and protect the relay, the relay's own outer shell structure can be effectively omitted. This facilitates a compact overall layout of the base and relay, resulting in an integrated, miniaturized, lightweight, and simplified power distribution device. It effectively reduces design margins, wasted space, and space occupation, significantly reducing the weight of the power distribution device and lowering its production costs.

[0091] The power distribution device disclosed in this application can be used for batteries as a control unit for distributing battery energy and performing high-voltage distribution on the batteries.

[0092] The battery disclosed in this application can be a modular structure including at least one battery cell to provide higher voltage and capacity, such as a battery module or battery pack. The battery cell can be a lithium-ion secondary battery, a lithium-ion primary battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-lithium-ion battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, etc.; the battery cell can be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes, etc.; the battery cell can be packaged in different ways to form a cylindrical battery cell, a square battery cell, or a pouch battery cell, etc.

[0093] The batteries disclosed in this application can be used in electrical devices that use batteries as a power source, or in various energy storage systems that use batteries as energy storage elements. Electrical devices can be, but are not limited to, vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys, and power tools, etc. Vehicles can be gasoline-powered cars, natural gas-powered cars, or new energy vehicles; new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. Spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc. Electric toys include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Power tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools, and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers, etc.

[0094] To illustrate the technical solution provided in this application, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific drawings and embodiments, taking "electrical equipment as a vehicle" as an example.

[0095] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of this application. The vehicle can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. A battery 1 is installed inside the vehicle, and the battery 1 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle. The battery 1 is used to supply power to the vehicle; for example, the battery 1 can serve as the vehicle's operating power source. The vehicle may also include a controller 2 and a motor 3. The controller 2 is used to control the battery 1 to supply power to the motor 3, for example, to meet the power needs of the vehicle during starting, navigation, and driving.

[0096] In some embodiments of this application, battery 1 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle.

[0097] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 2 This is an exploded view of battery 1 provided in some embodiments of this application. Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of a battery 1 provided in some embodiments of this application. The battery 1 includes a battery cell 10 and a housing 20, with the battery cell 10 housed within the housing 20. The housing 20 provides a space for the battery cell 10, and its structure can be designed flexibly and in various ways. In some embodiments, the housing 20 may include a first portion 21 and a second portion 22, which overlap each other, jointly defining a space for accommodating the battery cell 10. The second portion 22 may be a hollow structure with one open end, and the first portion 21 may be a plate-like structure, covering the open side of the second portion 22 so that the first portion 21 and the second portion 22 jointly define the space. Alternatively, both the first portion 21 and the second portion 22 may be hollow structures with one open side, with the open side of the first portion 21 covering the open side of the second portion 22. Of course, the housing 20 formed by the first portion 21 and the second portion 22 can be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.

[0098] In battery 1, there can be at least two battery cells 10. The at least two battery cells 10 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed manner. A mixed connection means that at least two battery cells 10 are connected in both series and parallel.

[0099] For example, battery cell 10 can be a single battery cell. At least two battery cells can be directly connected in series, parallel, or mixed together, and then the entire assembly of at least two battery cells is housed within housing 20. The battery cell can be a lithium-ion secondary battery, lithium-sulfur battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, or magnesium-ion battery, etc. The battery cell can be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes, etc. The battery cell can be packaged in different ways to form cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells, or pouch battery cells, etc.

[0100] Alternatively, battery cell 10 can be a battery module or battery assembly. At least two battery cells can be connected in series, parallel, or in a hybrid configuration to form a modular structure, i.e., a battery module or battery assembly; at least two battery modules or battery assemblies can then be connected in series, parallel, or in a hybrid configuration to form a whole, which is housed within the housing 20.

[0101] In some embodiments, the battery 1 may further include a power distribution device 30, which is housed within the housing space of the enclosure 20. The power distribution device 30 is connected to the battery unit 10, etc., and can serve as a control unit for distributing the energy of the battery 1, performing high-voltage distribution on the battery 1.

[0102] In some embodiments, the battery 1 may further include a thermal management component 41, which is housed within the housing space of the casing 20 and is used for heat exchange with components such as the battery cell 10 and the power distribution device 30 to regulate the temperature of the battery 1. The thermal management component 41 may be a liquid cooling plate. In some embodiments, one thermal management component 41 may be provided and placed on the same side of the battery cell 10 and the power distribution device 30 to facilitate heat exchange. In other embodiments, at least two thermal management components 41 may be provided to allow for flexible design of their positions and states, enabling at least two thermal management components 41 to exchange heat with the battery cell 10 and the power distribution device 30 respectively. The thermal management component 41 may also be an air-cooling system, where the airflow generated by the system passes through the battery cell 10 and the power distribution device 30 to facilitate heat exchange. Of course, the thermal management component 41 may also have other structural forms.

[0103] Of course, the battery 1 may also include other structures, for example, the battery 1 may also include a busbar (not shown) for realizing electrical connection between at least two battery cells 10.

[0104] Of course, in some embodiments, the battery 1 may not include the housing 20, but rather at least two battery cells 10 are electrically connected and assembled into an integral unit by necessary fixing structures and then installed in the electrical equipment.

[0105] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 Some embodiments of this application provide a power distribution device 30, which includes a base 32 and a relay 312. The base 32 forms a receiving cavity 321. The relay 312 is fixedly mounted on the base 32. The relay 312 includes a switching unit 3124, at least a portion of the outer wall of the switching unit 3124 being exposed within the receiving cavity 321. The inner wall 3211 of the receiving cavity 321 is connected to the relay 312 to fix the relay 312 to the receiving cavity 321.

[0106] It should be noted that the base 32 is a housing component of the power distribution device 30, possessing certain structural strength and rigidity. The base 32 is provided with at least one receiving cavity 321, which can be used to fix and install the relay 312. The receiving cavity 321 has an opening 3217, through which the relay 312 can be placed or removed. The opening 3217 of the receiving cavity 321 can be located on any side of the base 32. When at least two receiving cavities 321 are provided, the openings 3217 of the at least two receiving cavities 321 can be located on the same side of the base 32, or they can be located on different sides of the base 32.

[0107] It should also be noted that relay 312 is an electrical control device, which is an electrical device 31 that causes a predetermined step change in the controlled quantity in the electrical output circuit when the change in the input quantity (excitation quantity) reaches a specified requirement. Among them, relay 312 may include main positive relay 3121, main negative relay 3122, etc.

[0108] The relay 312 includes a contact 3125 and a switching unit 3124. The contact 3125 is used to connect to a high-voltage circuit, and the switching unit 3124 is used to control the contact 3125 to close or open. The opening or closing of the contact 3125 controls the on / off state of the high-voltage circuit. In some embodiments, the switching unit 3124 can be energized to generate electromagnetic fields, causing the contact 3125 to close or open. For example, the switching unit 3124 may include an iron core 31241 and a coil 31242 wound around the iron core 31241. The coil 31242 can generate electromagnetic fields when current flows through it, causing the contact 3125 to close or open. Of course, in other embodiments, the switching unit 3124 may adopt other structural forms or other principles to achieve the control of the contact 3125 to close or open.

[0109] It should also be noted that the relay 312 can be fixedly installed in the receiving cavity 321. The number of relays 312 can be greater than or equal to the number of receiving cavities 321, so that at least some of the relays 312 can be fixedly installed one-to-one in each receiving cavity 321.

[0110] The relay 312, fixedly installed in the receiving cavity 321, allows at least a portion of the outer wall of its switching unit 3124 to be exposed within the receiving cavity 321. The outer wall of the switching unit 3124 includes the exposed outer surfaces of each component of the switching unit 3124. For example, the switching unit 3124 includes an iron core 31241 and a coil 31242 wound around the outside of the iron core 31241. If the outer peripheral surface of the iron core 31241 is completely wound and obscured by the coil 31242, the outer wall of the switching unit 3124 mainly includes the outer peripheral surface of the outermost coil of the coil 31242. If the outer peripheral surface of the iron core 31241 is partially wound and obscured by the coil 31242, the outer wall of the switching unit 3124 includes the outer peripheral surface of the outermost coil of the coil 31242 and the outer peripheral surface of the iron core 31241 not obscured by the coil 31242. For example, if the switching unit 3124 includes an iron core 31241, a coil 31242 wound around the iron core 31241, and a bracket 31243 for supporting and fixing the iron core 31241, then the outer wall of the switching unit 31244 may include the outer surface of the bracket 31243, the outer peripheral surface of the outermost ring of the coil 31242 that is not covered by the bracket 31243, and the outer peripheral surface of the iron core 31241 that is not covered by the bracket 31243 and the coil 31242.

[0111] Therefore, the relay 312, which is fixedly installed in the receiving cavity 321, can be protected by the inner wall 3211 of the receiving cavity 321 instead of its own outer shell structure. Thus, the outer shell structure of the relay 312 can be omitted; that is, the relay 312 fixedly installed in the receiving cavity 321 is a caseless relay. Here, the inner wall 3211 of the receiving cavity 321 refers to each wall that participates in enclosing and forming the receiving cavity 321.

[0112] Based on this, a relay 312 located within the inner wall 3211 of the receiving cavity 321 can be connected to fix the relay 312 to the receiving cavity 321, thereby preventing the relay 312 from falling out of the receiving cavity 321, and especially preventing the relay 312 from falling out of the receiving cavity 321 due to vibration during operation. The inner wall 3211 of the receiving cavity 321 can connect the relay 312 via a detachable connection or a fixed connection to fix the relay 312 to the receiving cavity 321. The detachable connection method can employ, but is not limited to, snap-fit ​​connections, screw fastening, etc. The fixed connection method can employ, but is not limited to, adhesive bonding, etc.

[0113] In summary, the power distribution device 30 provided in this application embodiment can fix the relay 312 in the receiving cavity 321 of the base 32 by accommodating the relay 312 in the receiving cavity 321 and connecting the inner wall 3211 of the receiving cavity 321 to the relay 312. Furthermore, the relay 312 fixedly installed in the receiving cavity 321 can be protected by exposing at least a portion of the outer wall of its switching unit 3124 within the receiving cavity 321, so that the inner wall 3211 of the receiving cavity 321 can replace its own outer shell structure. Based on this, while ensuring that the base 32 can effectively accommodate, limit, fix, and protect the relay 312, the outer shell structure of the relay 312 itself can be effectively omitted. This facilitates a compact overall layout of the base 32 and the relay 312, thereby enabling the formation of an integrated, miniaturized, lightweight, and simplified power distribution device 30. This effectively reduces the design margin, wasted space, and space occupation of the power distribution device 30, effectively reduces the weight of the power distribution device 30, and helps to reduce the production cost of the power distribution device 30.

[0114] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 In some embodiments of this application, the relay 312 abuts against at least a portion of the inner wall 3211.

[0115] It should be noted that the inner wall 3211 of the receiving cavity 321 includes various walls that participate in enclosing and forming the receiving cavity 321. The relay 312 may abut against one wall or against at least two walls. The wall abutting against the relay 312 may abut against the relay 312 partially or entirely (i.e., the entire wall).

[0116] By adopting the above solution, the inner wall 3211 of the receiving cavity 321 can at least partially abut against the relay 312, thereby ensuring and enhancing the limiting and positioning effect of the relay 312 on the relay 312. Based on this, it is beneficial to stabilize the installation state of the relay 312 in the receiving cavity 321, especially when the relay 312 vibrates during operation, thus reliably stabilizing the state of the relay 312 in the receiving cavity 321, thereby reducing the risk of the relay 312 falling out of the receiving cavity 321. Furthermore, since the relay 312 at least partially abuts against the inner wall 3211, the space margin of the receiving cavity 321 after mating with the relay 312 can be constrained and reduced, thereby reducing the design margin, wasted space, and occupied space of the power distribution device 30, and facilitating the miniaturization and weight reduction of the power distribution device 30.

[0117] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 8In some embodiments of this application, a first gap 322 is provided between the relay 312 and at least a portion of the inner wall 3211.

[0118] It should be noted that the inner wall 3211 of the receiving cavity 321 includes various walls that participate in enclosing and forming the receiving cavity 321. The relay 312 may form a first gap 322 with one wall. The relay 312 may also form a first gap 322 with at least two walls. Of course, the first gaps 322 between the relay 312 and different walls may be the same or different. The wall that has a first gap 322 with the relay 312 may partially form a first gap 322 with the relay 312 by partially abutting against the relay 312, or it may form a first gap 322 with the relay 312 by the entire wall (i.e., the whole wall).

[0119] By adopting the above scheme, during the assembly process of placing and removing the relay 312 into the receiving cavity 321, an assembly allowance is formed through the first gap 322 between the relay 312 and at least a portion of the inner wall 3211, providing assembly space to facilitate the smooth placement and removal of the relay 312 into the receiving cavity 321, thereby improving the assembly convenience and efficiency between the relay 312 and the receiving cavity 321. Furthermore, even when the relay 312 is already placed in the receiving cavity 321, a connection space is formed through the first gap 322 between the relay 312 and at least a portion of the inner wall 3211, allowing the relay 312 and the receiving cavity 321 to establish an interconnection at the connection space, thus facilitating the stable and reliable fixing of the relay 312 to the receiving cavity 321.

[0120] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 In some embodiments of this application, the first gap 322 is used to fill structural adhesive (not shown in the figure), and at least a portion of the relay 312 is bonded to the inner wall 3211 by the structural adhesive.

[0121] It should be noted that, with the relay 312 already placed in the receiving cavity 321, the first gap 322 can be filled with structural adhesive so that the corresponding part of the relay 312 and the inner wall 3211 can be bonded and fixed together by structural adhesive. Here, structural adhesive refers to an adhesive suitable for bonding structural components that withstand strong forces. The first gap 322 can be completely filled with structural adhesive, or it can be partially filled with structural adhesive.

[0122] By adopting the above solution, when the relay 312 is placed in the receiving cavity 321, a connection space is formed by the first gap 322 between the relay 312 and at least a portion of the inner wall 3211. This space is used to fill structural adhesive, so that the corresponding parts of the relay 312 and the inner wall 3211 can be reliably and firmly bonded together via the structural adhesive. Based on this, the fixing effect of the receiving cavity 321 on the relay 312 can be effectively guaranteed and enhanced, thereby facilitating the stability of the installation state of the relay 312 in the receiving cavity 321, especially reliably stabilizing the state of the relay 312 in the receiving cavity 321 when it vibrates during operation. Furthermore, since the first gap 322 can be used to fill the structural adhesive, the first gap 322 does not constitute a space margin in the receiving cavity 321 after it is fitted with the relay 312, thereby reducing the design margin, wasted space, and space occupation of the power distribution device 30, which is conducive to the miniaturization and weight reduction of the power distribution device 30.

[0123] In some embodiments, while ensuring that the first gap 322 meets the requirements for assembly and connection space, the thickness of the first gap 322 can be reduced accordingly. In particular, the thickness of the first gap 322 can be less than the wall thickness of each side of the housing structure of the cased relay in the existing power distribution device. For example, assuming that the wall thickness of each side of the housing structure of the cased relay in the existing power distribution device is about 2.0 mm, the thickness of the first gap 322 can be greater than 0 mm and less than 2.0 mm, such as 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.7 mm, 1.9 mm, etc. Here, the thickness of the first gap 322 refers to the minimum distance between the first gap 322 and the corresponding side of the relay 312 from the corresponding wall. Based on this, it can be ensured that the power distribution device 30 provided in this embodiment can save a certain amount of space margin compared with the existing power distribution device, thereby reducing the design margin, space waste and space occupation of the power distribution device 30, which is conducive to the miniaturization and weight reduction of the power distribution device 30.

[0124] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 In some embodiments of this application, the inner wall 3211 is provided with a protrusion structure 323, and the inner wall 3211 abuts against the relay 312 through at least a portion of the protrusion structure 323.

[0125] It should be noted that the inner wall 3211 of the receiving cavity 321 includes various walls that participate in enclosing and forming the receiving cavity 321. One wall may have a protruding structure 323, or at least two walls may have a protruding structure 323. In particular, the wall that abuts against the relay 312 may have a protruding structure 323. The inner wall 3211 may abut against the relay 312 via some or all of the protruding structures 323.

[0126] By adopting the above solution, the inner wall 3211 of the receiving cavity 321 can be provided with a protruding structure 323, which at least partially abuts against the relay 312, thereby ensuring and enhancing the limiting and positioning effect of the relay 312. Based on this, it is beneficial to stabilize the installation state of the relay 312 in the receiving cavity 321, especially when the relay 312 vibrates during operation, reliably stabilizing its state within the receiving cavity 321, thus reducing the risk of the relay 312 detaching from the receiving cavity 321, and ensuring and improving the installation stability and operational reliability of the relay 312. Furthermore, the contact area between the inner wall 3211 of the receiving cavity 321 and the relay 312 can be correspondingly reduced. Therefore, during the assembly process of placing and removing the relay 312 from the receiving cavity 321, the friction between the relay 312 and the inner wall 3211 can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the ease of assembly between the relay 312 and the receiving cavity 321.

[0127] Furthermore, when the inner wall 3211 abuts against the relay 312 via at least a portion of the protruding structure 323, a first gap 322 can be formed between the area of ​​the inner wall 3211 without the protruding structure 323 and the relay 312. Therefore, by adopting the above solution, it is also convenient for the inner wall 3211 to abut against the relay 312 partially (i.e., with at least a portion of the protruding structure 323) and for a portion (i.e., without the protruding structure 323) to form a first gap 322 with the relay 312. Based on this, during the assembly of the relay 312 in the receiving cavity 321, an assembly allowance can be formed through the first gap 322, providing assembly space to improve the ease of assembly between the relay 312 and the receiving cavity 321. Furthermore, when the relay 312 is already placed in the receiving cavity 321, a connection space can be formed through the first gap 322 to facilitate the stable and reliable fixing of the relay 312 to the receiving cavity 321.

[0128] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 In some embodiments of this application, the receiving cavity 321 has an opening 3217. The inner wall 3211 includes a bottom wall 3212, a top wall 3213, a first side wall 3214, a second side wall 3215, and a third side wall 3216. The bottom wall 3212 supports the relay 312, and the top wall 3213 is disposed opposite to the bottom wall 3212. The first side wall 3214 is disposed opposite to the second side wall 3215. The third side wall 3216 is disposed opposite to the opening 3217.

[0129] It should be noted that the receiving cavity 321 has an opening 3217, through which the relay 312 can be placed or removed. The inner wall 3211 of the receiving cavity 321 includes a bottom wall 3212, a top wall 3213, a first side wall 3214, a second side wall 3215, and a third side wall 3216, which together form the receiving cavity 321, constituting the five sides of the receiving cavity 321 other than the opening 3217. The bottom wall 3212 is the wall primarily used to support the relay 312. The top wall 3213 is the wall opposite to the bottom wall 3212, used to work with the bottom wall 3212 to limit the relay 312. The third side wall 3216 is the wall opposite to the opening 3217, used to limit and position the relay 312 in a direction away from the opening 3217, especially preventing the relay 312 from exiting the receiving cavity 321 in a direction away from the opening 3217. The first sidewall 3214 and the second sidewall 3215 refer to the remaining two oppositely arranged walls, which together are used to limit the relay 312.

[0130] By adopting the above scheme, it is convenient to place the relay 312 into the receiving cavity 321 through the opening 3217. It is also convenient to provide multi-directional limiting and enveloping protection for the relay 312 through the bottom wall 3212, top wall 3213, first side wall 3214, second side wall 3215 and third side wall 3216 when the relay 312 is placed in the receiving cavity 321. This can ensure and improve the installation stability of the relay 312 in the receiving cavity 321, and ensure and improve the receiving cavity 321's effect of accommodating, limiting, fixing and protecting the relay 312.

[0131] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 In some embodiments of this application, at least a portion of the bottom wall 3212, top wall 3213, first side wall 3214, second side wall 3215 and third side wall 3216 are provided with protrusions 323.

[0132] It should be noted that, among the bottom wall 3212, top wall 3213, first side wall 3214, second side wall 3215, and third side wall 3216, some walls may have protruding structures 323, or all walls may have protruding structures 323. A wall with protruding structures 323 may abut against the relay 312 through at least a portion of the protruding structures 323, or may form a first gap 322 with the relay 312 through an area where no protruding structures 323 are provided.

[0133] By adopting the above solution, during the assembly process of placing and removing the relay 312 into the receiving cavity 321, at least some of the walls among the bottom wall 3212, top wall 3213, first side wall 3214, second side wall 3215, and third side wall 3216 can reduce their contact area with the relay 312 through the provided protrusion structure 323, thereby reducing the friction between them; and a first gap 322 can be formed between the area without the protrusion structure 323 and the relay 312, thereby creating an assembly allowance and providing assembly space. This improves the ease of assembly between the relay 312 and the receiving cavity 321.

[0134] By adopting the above solution, when the relay 312 is placed in the receiving cavity 321, at least a portion of the bottom wall 3212, top wall 3213, first side wall 3214, second side wall 3215, and third side wall 3216 can abut against the relay 312 through at least a portion of the protruding structure 323, thereby ensuring and enhancing the limiting and positioning effect on the relay 312; and a connecting space can be formed through the first gap 322 to facilitate the stable and reliable fixing of the relay 312 in the receiving cavity 321. This improves the installation stability of the relay 312 in the receiving cavity 321.

[0135] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 In some embodiments of this application, the protruding structure 323 provided on the bottom wall 3212, top wall 3213, first side wall 3214 and second side wall 3215 is a first protrusion 3231, and the first protrusion 3231 extends in a direction away from the opening 3217.

[0136] It should be noted that if the bottom wall 3212, top wall 3213, first side wall 3214, and second side wall 3215 are provided with protruding structures 323, then the provided protruding structures 323 are the first protrusions 3231. The first protrusions 3231 extend in a direction away from the opening 3217, that is, the first protrusions 3231 extend in a direction close to the third side wall 3216.

[0137] By adopting the above solution, during the assembly of the relay 312 being placed and removed from the receiving cavity 321, at least a portion of the bottom wall 3212, top wall 3213, first side wall 3214, and second side wall 3215 can reduce the friction between the relay 312 and the receiving cavity 321, especially in directions other than the assembly / removal direction, by means of a first protrusion 3231 extending in a direction away from the opening 3217. This ensures the relay 312 is positioned within the receiving cavity 321 while improving the ease and efficiency of assembly.

[0138] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 In some embodiments of this application, the protrusion structure 323 provided on the third sidewall 3216 is a second protrusion 3232, and there are at least two second protrusions 3232, and each second protrusion 3232 is cross-connected.

[0139] It should be noted that if the third sidewall 3216 has a protruding structure 323, then the protruding structure 323 is a second protrusion 3232. There are at least two second protrusions 3232. The second protrusions 3232 are cross-connected, that is, the extension directions of the second protrusions 3232 are not exactly the same, so that the second protrusions 3232 can be cross-connected, for example, they can be cross-connected in both directions.

[0140] When the second protrusions 3232 are cross-connected, a cell can be formed between the second protrusions 3232, and a first gap 322 can be formed when at least part of the second protrusions 3232 abut against the relay 312.

[0141] By adopting the above solution, when the relay 312 is placed in the receiving cavity 321, the third sidewall 3216 can abut against the relay 312 through at least a portion of the cross-connected second protrusions 3232, thereby enhancing the limiting and positioning effect on the relay 312; and a first gap 322 can be formed through the cells between each second protrusion 3232, thereby forming a connection space through the first gap 322. This facilitates improving the installation stability of the relay 312 in the receiving cavity 321.

[0142] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 In some embodiments of this application, the receiving cavity 321 has an opening 3217. The power distribution device 30 includes a cover 33. The cover 33 is connected to the base 32 and is used to seal the opening 3217.

[0143] It should be noted that the receiving cavity 321 has an opening 3217, through which the relay 312 can be placed or removed. The cover 33 is a component used to seal the opening 3217. When the relay 312 is placed in the receiving cavity 321 and the relay 312 is connected to the inner wall 3211 of the receiving cavity 321, the opening 3217 can be sealed by connecting the cover 33 to the base 32. The connection between the cover 33 and the base 32 can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. The cover 33 can be provided one-to-one with the openings 3217 of the receiving cavity 321, so that the cover 33 can be used to seal the openings 3217 one-to-one. Of course, in other embodiments, the cover 33 can be used to seal at least two openings 3217.

[0144] By adopting the above-described scheme, when the relay 312 is placed in the receiving cavity 321 and the relay 312 is connected to the inner wall 3211 of the receiving cavity 321, the opening 3217 of the receiving cavity 321 can be sealed by the cover 33 connected to the base 32. Based on this, on the one hand, the cover 33, in conjunction with the base 32, can provide comprehensive protection for the relay 312 in the receiving cavity 321, thereby ensuring and improving the protection effect of the power distribution device 30 on the relay 312, and ensuring and extending the service life of both the relay 312 and the power distribution device 30. On the other hand, the cover 33 can reliably prevent the relay 312 from detaching from the opening 3217 of the receiving cavity 321, especially preventing the relay 312 from detaching from the receiving cavity 321 due to vibration during operation, thereby ensuring and improving the installation stability and reliability of the power distribution device 30 on the relay 312. On the one hand, the cover 33 can reliably prevent external devices from contacting, colliding with, or damaging the relay 312, thereby ensuring and extending the service life of the relay 312 and the power distribution device 30, and to a certain extent, it can also reduce the safety hazards of the power distribution device 30.

[0145] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 In some embodiments of this application, the cover 33 has a through hole 331 for the contacts 3125 of the relay 312 to pass through.

[0146] It should be noted that the relay 312 includes a contact 3125, which is used to connect to the high-voltage circuit. The opening or closing of the contact 3125 controls the on / off state of the high-voltage circuit.

[0147] When the relay 312 has its contacts 3125 facing the opening 3217, the cover 33 is provided with a through hole 331 that extends through the cover 33 in a direction away from the receiving cavity 321. The through hole 331 allows the contacts 3125 of the relay 312 to pass through, so that the contacts 3125 are exposed in the cover 33 and connected to the high-voltage circuit. Specifically, the through hole 331 allows at least one contact 3125 to pass through.

[0148] By adopting the above solution, when the relay 312 has its contacts 3125 facing the opening 3217, and the cover 33 blocks the opening 3217 of the receiving cavity 321, the cover 33 can be provided with a through hole 331, through which the contacts 3125 of the relay 312 can pass, thus facilitating the exposure of the contacts 3125 of the relay 312 on the cover 33 and connecting them to the high-voltage circuit to control the on / off state of the high-voltage circuit. Based on this, the respective functions of the cover 33 and the relay 312 can be guaranteed, thereby ensuring the performance of the power distribution device 30.

[0149] Of course, in other embodiments, the relay 312 may have its contacts 3125 facing the third sidewall 3216. In this case, the third sidewall 3216 may be provided with a corresponding hole structure for the contacts 3125 of the relay 312 to pass through.

[0150] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 In some embodiments of this application, each cover 33 is provided with at least one through hole 331, each relay 312 has at least two contacts 3125, each through hole 331 corresponds to at least one contact 3125, and each through hole 331 is used for the corresponding contact 3125 to pass through.

[0151] It should be noted that in some cases, the relay 312 is provided with at least two contacts 3125 so that each contact 3125 can be closed or opened separately to jointly control the on / off state of the high-voltage circuit.

[0152] The cover 33 may be provided with at least one through hole 331. In some embodiments, the number of through holes 331 is equal to the number of contacts 3125 of the relay 312, such that the through holes 331 can be provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the contacts 3125 of the relay 312, allowing each contact 3125 of the relay 312 to pass through one-to-one. In other embodiments, the number of through holes 331 is less than the number of contacts 3125 of the relay 312. In this case, each through hole 331 corresponds to at least one contact 3125, some through holes 331 correspond to at least two contacts 3125, and the through holes 331 can allow their corresponding contacts 3125 to pass through.

[0153] By adopting the above scheme, when the relay 312 has its contacts 3125 facing the opening 3217, and the cover 33 blocks the opening 3217 of the receiving cavity 321, the cover 33 can be provided with at least one through hole 331, and at least two contacts 3125 of the relay 312 can be exposed one-to-one or one-to-many through the through hole 331. Based on this, the respective functions of the cover 33 and the relay 312 can be guaranteed, and it is convenient for each contact 3125 of the relay 312 to be connected to the high-voltage circuit and jointly play the role of controlling the on and off of the high-voltage circuit. In particular, when each through hole 331 corresponds to one contact 3125, the contacts 3125 of the relay 312 can also be separated in different through holes 331, so as to improve the insulation between the contacts 3125 of the relay 312, thereby reducing the risk of short circuit and reducing the safety hazards of the power distribution device 30.

[0154] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 In some embodiments of this application, the cover 33 is provided with a partition structure 332 for separating two adjacent contacts 3125 of the relay 312.

[0155] It should be noted that in some cases, the relay 312 is provided with at least two contacts 3125 so that each contact 3125 can be closed or opened separately to jointly control the on / off state of the high-voltage circuit.

[0156] Based on this, the cover 33 may be provided with at least one partition structure 332. The partition structure 332 includes insulating material, has insulating properties, and can perform insulating function. When each contact 3125 of the relay 312 passes through the corresponding through hole 331 of the cover 33, the partition structure 332 can insulatingly separate the contacts 3125 on both sides, thereby increasing the creepage distance between the contacts 3125 on both sides of the partition structure 332 and improving the insulation between the contacts 3125 on both sides of the partition structure 332. At least one partition structure 332 may be provided between each group of two adjacent contacts 3125.

[0157] The partition structure 332 may be, but is not limited to, plate-shaped.

[0158] The partition structure 332 can be located on the side of the cover 33 away from the receiving cavity 321, or on the side of the cover 33 facing the receiving cavity 321.

[0159] The partition structure 332 can be an integrally formed part of the cover 33 or a separate formed part.

[0160] By adopting the above solution, when each contact 3125 of the relay 312 passes through the corresponding through hole 331 of the cover 33, the cover 33 can insulate and separate two adjacent contacts 3125 through the partition structure 332 provided between two adjacent contacts 3125. This effectively increases the creepage distance between two adjacent contacts 3125 and effectively improves the insulation between them, thereby reducing the risk of short circuits and minimizing safety hazards in the power distribution device 30.

[0161] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 In some embodiments of this application, the power distribution device 30 includes a shielding member 34. The shielding member 34 is disposed on the side of the cover 33 opposite to the receiving cavity 321 and is used to shield the contacts 3125 of the relay 312.

[0162] It should be noted that the shielding member 34 is a housing component of the power distribution device 30, possessing a certain structural strength and rigidity. The shielding member 34 is located on the side of the cover 33 facing away from the receiving cavity 321. The shielding member 34 may be, but is not limited to, plate-shaped. The shielding member 34 can be used to shield the cover 33 and the contacts 3125 of the relay 312 exposed through the through hole 331 of the cover 33, to ensure that the contacts 3125 of the relay 312 are not exposed to the outside of the power distribution device 30. The shielding member 34 may optionally be connected to the base 32 to stabilize and fix the installation position and installation state of the shielding member 34. The shielding member 34 can shield each cover 33 and each relay 3125 simultaneously. Of course, in other embodiments, the shielding member 34 can shield each cover 33 and the corresponding relay 3125 one-to-one.

[0163] By adopting the above solution, while ensuring the effectiveness of both the cover 33 and the relay 312, the shielding member 34 located on the side of the cover 33 facing away from the receiving cavity 321 can shield the cover 33 and the contacts 3125 of the relay 312 exposed through the through hole 331 of the cover 33, especially ensuring that the contacts 3125 of the relay 312 are not exposed to the outside of the power distribution device 30. Based on this, on the one hand, the shielding member 34 can protect the cover 33 and the corresponding contacts 3125 of the relay 312, thereby ensuring and extending the service life of the relay 312 and the power distribution device 30. On the other hand, the shielding member 34 can reliably prevent human hands or external devices from contacting the contacts 3125 of the relay 312 and conducting electricity, thereby reducing safety hazards of the power distribution device 30 and improving the performance of the power distribution device 30.

[0164] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6In some embodiments of this application, the cover 33 is snapped together with the inner wall 3211 of the receiving cavity 321 by a snap fastener 333.

[0165] It should be noted that at least one side of the cover 33 is provided with a snap fastener 333. For example, in some embodiments, the cover 33 is provided with snap fasteners 333 on opposite sides. The cover 33 can be conveniently and quickly detachably connected to the base 32 by snapping the snap fasteners 333 onto the inner wall 3211 of the receiving cavity 321.

[0166] By adopting the above solution, when the relay 312 is already placed in the receiving cavity 321 and the relay 312 is already connected to the inner wall 3211 of the receiving cavity 321, the cover 33 can be conveniently and quickly detachably connected to the base 32 by aligning and fitting the cover 33 to the side of the relay 312 near the opening 3217, and by correspondingly snapping the latches 333 of the cover 33 to the inner wall 3211 of the receiving cavity 321. Based on this, the convenience and reliability of the connection between the cover 33 and the base 32 can be guaranteed and improved, and the cover 33 can be guaranteed to accurately and reliably seal the opening 3217 of the receiving cavity 321.

[0167] Of course, in other embodiments, the cover 33 can be connected to the base 32 by bolts or the like.

[0168] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 In some embodiments of this application, at least two receiving cavities 321 are provided, and at least two relays 312 are provided, with at least some of the relays 312 being installed one-to-one in the receiving cavity 321.

[0169] It should be noted that the base 32 is provided with at least two receiving cavities 321. The receiving cavities 321 can be flexibly arranged on the base 32. The number of relays 312 can be greater than or equal to the number of receiving cavities 321, so that at least some of the relays 312 can be fixedly installed in each receiving cavity 321 one-to-one.

[0170] By adopting the above scheme, the base 32 can fix at least two relays 312 one-to-one through at least two receiving cavities 321. Based on this, it can be ensured that the base 32 can perform the functions of receiving, limiting, fixing and protecting each relay 312 fixedly installed in the receiving cavity 321 through each receiving cavity 321. At the same time, the housing structure of at least two relays 312 can be omitted, thereby greatly reducing the overall layout of the base 32 and each relay 312, which is more conducive to the integration, miniaturization, weight reduction and simplification of the power distribution device 30.

[0171] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 In some embodiments of this application, the base 32 is provided with at least one insulating structure 324. The insulating structure 324 is disposed between two adjacent receiving cavities 321 and is used to separate the contacts 3125 of the corresponding two relays 312.

[0172] It should be noted that there are at least two receiving cavities 321, and each receiving cavity 321 can be flexibly arranged on the base 32. Due to the compact layout, in some cases, there are at least two receiving cavities 321 arranged adjacent to each other, and the caseless relays in the two adjacent receiving cavities 321 will be close to each other, especially the contacts 3125 of the two adjacent relays 312 will be close to each other.

[0173] Based on this, an insulating structure 324 can be provided between the two adjacent receiving cavities 321 arranged in a specific order. At least one insulating structure 324 can be provided between each set of two adjacent receiving cavities 321. The insulating structure 324 includes insulating material, has insulating properties, and can perform insulating function. The insulating structure 324 can insulatingly separate the receiving cavities 321 on both sides, and in particular, it can insulatingly separate the two relays 312 correspondingly installed in the two receiving cavities 321, and in particular, it can insulatingly separate the contacts 3125 of the two corresponding relays 312, thereby improving the insulation between the contacts 3125 of the relays 312 located on opposite sides of the insulating structure 324.

[0174] The insulation structure 324 can be designed in various ways. For example, the insulation structure 324 can be a frame structure with the ends connected.

[0175] The insulating structure 324 is an integrally formed component of the base 32, or it can be a separate formed component.

[0176] By adopting the above solution, an insulating structure 324 can be provided between two adjacent receiving cavities 321 in the base 32. The insulating structure 324 insulates and separates the two adjacent receiving cavities 321, thereby insulating and separating the two relays 312 correspondingly installed in the two receiving cavities 321, and in particular, insulating and separating the contacts 3125 of the two relays 312. As a result, the insulation between the contacts 3125 of the two adjacent caseless relays can be effectively improved, the risk of short circuit can be reduced, and the reliability and safety of the power distribution device 30 can be improved.

[0177] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 9 , Figure 10In some embodiments of this application, the power distribution device 30 includes electrical components 31 and a cover 35. The electrical components 31 include relays 312. At least two electrical components 31 are provided, and each is mounted on a base 32. The cover 35 is located on the same side of each electrical component 31 and connected to the base 32. A circuit element 36 is provided on the side of the cover 35 facing each electrical component 31 for electrical connection with each electrical component 31.

[0178] It should be noted that electrical component 31 can refer to any electrical element in the power distribution device 30. There are at least two electrical components 31. Electrical components 31 may include relays 312, current sensors 313, fuses, circuit breakers 314, pre-charge resistors 315, etc. Each electrical component 31 is mounted on the base 32 and is stably mounted in a fixed position and state relative to the base 32.

[0179] Among them, relay 312 is an electrical control device that causes a predetermined step change in the controlled quantity in the electrical output circuit when the change in the input quantity (excitation quantity) reaches a specified requirement. Relay 312 may include main positive relay 3121, main negative relay 3122, precharge relay 3123, etc.

[0180] The current sensor 313 is a detection device that can sense the information of the measured current and transform the sensed information into an electrical signal or other required form of information output that meets certain standards, so as to meet the requirements of information transmission, processing, storage, display, recording and control. The current sensor 313 may include a shunt 3131, a Hall current sensor 3132, etc.

[0181] A fuse is an electrical device that breaks the circuit by melting a fusible element when the current exceeds a specified value.

[0182] Fuse 314, also known as a fuse, is a safety component used to protect electrical component 31 from damage in the event of an overload (such as excessive current or voltage) or short circuit. In some embodiments, fuse 314 can function as a circuit breaker.

[0183] The pre-charge resistor 315 is a component used to limit the magnitude of the charging current during the initial stage of charging (i.e., the power supply charging the capacitor), in order to reduce the risk of the charging current causing a large impact on components such as the relay 312.

[0184] It should also be noted that the cover 35 is a housing component of the power distribution device 30 used to cover the base 32, and has a certain structural strength and rigidity. The cover 35 is connected to one side of the base 32 and stabilizes its installation position and state relative to the base 32. The cover 35 and the base 32 can be connected by a detachable connection or a fixed connection.

[0185] The cover 35 and the base 32 can together enclose an internal space. At least one electrical device 31 can be disposed within this internal space. For example, in some embodiments, a precharge relay 3123 and a precharge resistor 315 can be installed within the space enclosed by the cover 35 and the base 32.

[0186] The cover 35 is located on the same side of each electrical component 31. A circuit element 36 is provided on the side of the cover 35 facing each electrical component 31. The circuit element 36 can be used to electrically connect with each electrical component 31 to establish the required electrical connection relationship between each electrical component 31, ensuring that the power distribution device 30 can achieve the required functions.

[0187] By adopting the above scheme, and installing all electrical components 31 on the base 32, on the one hand, it is convenient to plan, optimize, and compact the layout of each electrical component 31, thereby facilitating the overall compactness of the base 32 and the electrical components 31, and promoting the integration, miniaturization, lightweighting, and simplification of the power distribution device 30. On the other hand, the base 32, together with the cover 35 connected to the base 32, can provide reliable protection for each electrical component 31 installed on the base 32, thereby ensuring and extending the service life of each electrical component 31 and the power distribution device 30.

[0188] By adopting the above-described scheme, the integrated circuit element 36 on the side of the cover 35 facing each electrical component 31 can be better protected by the cover 35, reducing the risk of damage to the circuit element 36 and thus ensuring and extending its service life. Furthermore, when assembling the cover 35 to the base 32, precise alignment and electrical connection between the circuit element 36 and each electrical component 31 can be completed simultaneously. This facilitates the reliable construction of the required electrical connections between each electrical component 31 via the circuit element 36, ensuring that the power distribution device 30 can achieve its required functions. It also reduces assembly steps, improves the convenience and reliability of connection between the circuit element 36 and each electrical component 31, and enhances the assembly convenience and efficiency of the power distribution device 30.

[0189] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 10 In some embodiments of this application, the gap between an electrical component 31 and an adjacent electrical component 31 is a second gap 316. The electrical component 31 is provided with a first connector 317. The first connector 317 includes a first connection portion 3171 for detachable connection with a circuit element 36. The first connection portion 3171 is located outside each of the second gaps 316 of the corresponding electrical component 31.

[0190] It should be noted that the electrical components 31 can be arranged flexibly. For any electrical component 31, the gap between it and its adjacent electrical components 31 can serve as a second gap 316. Of course, for any electrical component 31, when there are at least two adjacent electrical components 31 distributed around it, it can have at least two second gaps 316. The dimensions of the second gaps 316 of the same electrical component 31 can be the same or different, and the dimensions of the second gaps 316 of different electrical components 31 can be the same or different.

[0191] It should also be noted that the electrical device 31 is provided with at least one first connector 317, which is used for electrical connection with the circuit element 36. One end of the first connector 317 is mechanically and electrically connected to the electrical device 31, and the other end of the first connector 317 is provided with a first connecting portion 3171. The first connecting portion 3171 is used for detachable mechanical and electrical connection with the circuit element 36. The first connecting portion 3171 can achieve detachable mechanical and electrical connection with the circuit element 36 through, but is not limited to, plugging, snapping, or elastic abutment.

[0192] The first connecting portion 3171 is located outside each of the second gaps 316 of the corresponding electrical component 31. That is, the first connecting portion 3171 and each of the second gaps 316 of the corresponding electrical component 31 are spatially offset, and the first connecting portion 3171 does not occupy the space of each of the second gaps 316 of the electrical component 31. Based on this, on the one hand, by providing the first connecting portion 3171 outside each of the second gaps 316 of the corresponding electrical component 31, the connection operation of the first connecting portion 3171 can be performed in the space outside each of the second gaps 316 of the corresponding electrical component 31, thereby ensuring and improving the convenience of connecting and disconnecting the first connecting portion 3171. On the other hand, since the first connecting part 3171 does not need to be provided in each of the second gaps 316 of the electrical device 31, and the connection operation space of the first connecting part 3171 does not need to be provided, the size of each of the second gaps 316 of the electrical device 31 can be compressed as needed, which is beneficial to compressing the gap between the electrical device 31 and the adjacent electrical device 31, thereby facilitating the compact overall layout of each electrical device 31.

[0193] By adopting the above scheme, when the gap between the electrical component 31 and the adjacent electrical component 31 is defined as the second gap 316, by placing the first connecting part 3171 outside each of the second gaps 316 of the corresponding electrical component 31, on the one hand, it is convenient to perform the connection operation of the first connecting part 3171 in the space outside each of the second gaps 316 of the corresponding electrical component 31, thereby ensuring and improving the convenience of connecting and disconnecting the first connecting part 3171. On the other hand, it is not necessary to provide a space for accommodating the first connecting part 3171 or a space for connecting the first connecting part 3171 in each of the second gaps 316 of the electrical component 31, thereby facilitating the compression of the gap between the electrical component 31 and the adjacent electrical component 31 as needed, which is conducive to the compact overall layout of each electrical component 31, and thus facilitates the formation of an integrated, compact, and miniaturized power distribution device 30.

[0194] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 10 In some embodiments of this application, circuit element 36 includes a connector 361 and a second connector 362. The connector 361 is embedded in the cover 35, with its insertion port 3611 protruding outside the cover 35. The second connector 362 includes a conductive connection portion 3622 and a second connection portion 3621. One end of the conductive connection portion 3622 is connected to the connector 361, and the other end is connected to the second connection portion 3621. The second connection portion 3621 is bent towards the corresponding electrical device 31 for detachable connection with the corresponding electrical device 31.

[0195] It should be noted that connector 361 is used for connection with, for example, battery unit 10 (such as...). Figure 3 The connector 361 is connected to components such as (as shown). At least a portion of the connector 361 is embedded in the cover 35 to ensure that the mounting position and mounting state of the connector 361 relative to the cover 35 are stable and secure. The connector 3611 protrudes from the cover 35 so that the connection terminals of components such as the battery unit 10 can be electrically connected to the connector 361 by inserting them into the connector 3611.

[0196] In some embodiments, the power distribution device 30 may be provided with two connectors 361, one connector 361 for high-voltage sampling and the other connector 361 for low-voltage control. Of course, in other embodiments, the power distribution device 30 may be provided with only one connector 361, which integrates both high-voltage sampling and low-voltage control functions. Of course, in other embodiments, the power distribution device 30 may also be provided with three or more connectors 361, and the functions of each connector 361 may be the same or different.

[0197] It should also be noted that, depending on the number and location of the electrical components 31 to be connected to the connector 361, the connector 361 may be connected to one or at least two second connectors 362. The second connector 362 includes a conductive connection portion 3622, one end of which is electrically connected to the connector 361, and the other end of which extends toward the electrical component 31 to be connected. The extension path of the conductive connection portion 3622 may be straight or curved.

[0198] At the end of the conductive connection portion 3622 near the corresponding electrical component 31, the second connector 362 can be bent to form a second connection portion 3621. The conductive connection portion 3622 and the corresponding second connection portion 3621 can be integrally connected or separately connected. The second connection portion 3621 is bent towards the corresponding electrical component 31 for detachable mechanical and electrical connection with the first connection portion 3171 of the corresponding electrical component 31. The second connection portion 3621 can achieve detachable mechanical and electrical connection with the corresponding first connection portion 3171 through, but not limited to, insertion, snap-fit, or elastic abutment.

[0199] By adopting the above scheme, when each electrical component 31 is installed inside the power distribution device 30, it can be connected to the connector 361 through the conductive connection portion 3622 of the second connector 362, and detachably connected to the first connection portion 3171 of the corresponding electrical component 31 through the second connection portion 3621 of the second connector 362, thus conveniently, quickly, and reliably realizing the electrical connection between the connector 361 and the corresponding electrical component 31. Furthermore, by exposing the socket 3611 of the connector 361 outside the power distribution device 30, it is possible to realize electrical connection with components such as the battery unit 10 through the socket 3611. Thus, while the power distribution device 30 integrates and protects the connector 361 and each electrical component 31, it is convenient to connect external components such as the battery unit 10 through the connector 361. This facilitates the integration of each electrical component 31 and the connector 361, enabling functions such as high-voltage sampling and low-voltage control for externally connected components such as the battery unit 10.

[0200] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 10 In some embodiments of this application, the conductive connection portion 3622 includes at least one of a conductive sheet, an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit Board), and a PCB (Printed Circuit Board).

[0201] It should be noted that the conductive connection portion 3622 refers to the part of the second connector 362 that connects between the connector 361 and its second connection portion 3621. The conductive connection portion 3622 can be, but is not limited to, a conductive sheet, FPC, PCB, etc.

[0202] By adopting the above solution, the second connector 362 can replace the wire harness through the conductive connection part 3622 to realize the connection between the connector 361 and its second connection part 3621, thereby reducing the setting of wire harness, reducing the problems of wire harness interference and wire harness wear, ensuring and improving the structural reliability of the connector 361 and the second connector 362, and ensuring and improving the reliability and performance of the power distribution device 30.

[0203] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 10 In some embodiments of this application, the conductive connection portion 3622 is embedded in the cover 35.

[0204] It should be noted that at least a portion of the conductive connection portion 3622 of the second connector 362 is embedded in the cover 35 so that the installation position and installation state of the second connector 362 relative to the cover 35 are stable and secure.

[0205] By adopting the above solution, the cover 35 can provide better protection for the portion of the conductive connection 3622 embedded therein, thereby reducing the risk of interference, wear, and damage to the conductive connection 3622 and extending the service life of the conductive connection 3622 and the circuit element 36. Furthermore, since the conductive connection 3622 is embedded in the cover 35, it ensures and improves the stability and accuracy of the installation of the circuit element 36 relative to the cover 35. Based on this, when assembling the cover 35 to the base 32 and simultaneously completing the electrical connection between the circuit element 36 and each electrical component 31, the alignment accuracy between the circuit element 36 and each electrical component 31 is effectively improved, thereby enhancing the convenience and reliability of the connection between the circuit element 36 and each electrical component 31.

[0206] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 In some embodiments of this application, the cover 35, connector 361 and conductive connection 3622 are an integrated structure.

[0207] It should be noted that, based on the configuration of "connector 361 embedded in cover 35" and "conductive connection 3622 embedded in cover 35", cover 35, connector 361 and conductive connection 3622 can be integrated into a single structure through, but not limited to, integral injection molding, 3D printing and other integral molding processes.

[0208] By adopting the above solution, the cover 35 and the connector 361 and conductive connection 3622 embedded in the cover 35 can form an integrated structure. Based on this, the connection reliability, tightness, stability and strength between the cover 35 and the connector 361 and conductive connection 3622 can be effectively enhanced. The overall structural strength of the cover 35 and the connector 361 and conductive connection 3622 can be effectively enhanced. The protective effect of the cover 35 on the connector 361 and conductive connection 3622 can be effectively enhanced. The risk of wear and damage to the connector 361 can be reduced. The risk of interference and wear to the conductive connection 3622 can be reduced.

[0209] By adopting the above solution, the assembly process between the cover 35 and the connector 361, and between the cover 35 and the conductive connection part 3622, can be simplified. It also facilitates the precise alignment between the second connection part 3621 of the second connector 362 and the first connection part 3171 of the corresponding electrical component 31 during the assembly of the cover 35, and the electrical connection between the second connection part 3621 and the corresponding first connection part 3171 can be completed simultaneously. That is, the connection process between the second connector 362 and the electrical component 31 can be simplified, thereby effectively reducing the assembly steps, effectively ensuring and improving the connection reliability between the connector 361 and the electrical component 31, and effectively improving the assembly efficiency and structural reliability of the power distribution device 30.

[0210] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 9 , Figure 11 In some embodiments of this application, the power distribution device 30 includes an electrical component 31 and an insulating heat-conducting element 37. The electrical component 31 includes a relay 312. The electrical component 31 is mounted on a base 32. One side of the insulating heat-conducting element 37 is connected to at least a portion of the electrical component 31, and the other side of the insulating heat-conducting element 37 is used to connect to a heat exchanger 40. The insulating heat-conducting element 37 is used to transfer heat from the electrical component 31 to the heat exchanger 40.

[0211] It should be noted that electrical component 31 can refer to any electrical element in the power distribution device 30. Electrical component 31 may include relay 312, current sensor 313, fuse, tamper 314, precharge resistor 315, etc. Among them, relay 312 may include main positive relay 3121, main negative relay 3122, precharge relay 3123, etc. Current sensor 313 may include shunt 3131, Hall current sensor 3132, etc. In some embodiments, tamper 314 may be a fuse.

[0212] Electrical component 31 can be mounted on base 32. Based on this, electrical component 31 can be mounted and protected by base 32, and the mounting position and state of electrical component 31 relative to base 32 can be stable and secure. This helps to protect and extend the service life of electrical component 31. It facilitates the stable positioning and state of each electrical component 31, enabling the establishment of the required electrical connections between them. Furthermore, when the mounting position and state of insulating and thermally conductive component 37 relative to base 32 are stable, it facilitates precise and stable alignment of electrical component 31 and insulating and thermally conductive component 37, thus facilitating the precise and reliable establishment of an insulating and thermally conductive connection between electrical component 31 and insulating and thermally conductive component 37.

[0213] It should also be noted that heat exchanger 40 can refer to an external component used for heat exchange with components such as electrical device 31. Heat exchanger 40 has good thermal conductivity, enabling rapid and reliable heat exchange with components such as electrical device 31 and insulating heat-conducting component 37, and quickly dissipating heat. For example, heat exchanger 40 can be a thermal management component 41, the housing 20 of battery 1, the body of a vehicle, etc.

[0214] It should also be noted that the insulating heat-conducting element 37 is at least a component used to transfer heat from the electrical device 31 to the heat exchanger 40. When the power distribution device 30 is located on the heat exchanger 40, the insulating heat-conducting element 37 will be located between the electrical device 31 and the heat exchanger 40.

[0215] The insulating heat-conducting component 37 comprises a heat-conducting material and possesses thermal conductivity, enabling it to perform heat exchange and heat conduction functions. One side of the insulating heat-conducting component 37 is thermally connected to at least a portion of the electrical device 31, and the other side is thermally connected to the heat exchanger 40. This facilitates rapid and reliable heat exchange between the electrical device 31 and the heat exchanger 40 via the insulating heat-conducting component 37, particularly facilitating the rapid heat conduction of heat generated by the electrical device 31 to the heat exchanger 40. Consequently, it effectively ensures and improves the heat dissipation performance and efficiency of the power distribution device 30 on the electrical device 31, reduces the risk of thermal failure of the electrical device 31, and ensures and extends the service life of both the electrical device 31 and the power distribution device 30.

[0216] The insulating heat-conducting component 37 also includes insulating material, which has insulating properties and can perform insulating functions. Based on the insulating properties of the insulating heat-conducting component 37, it can be ensured that the electrical component 31 and the heat exchange component 40 are insulated from each other through the insulating heat-conducting component 37, which can prevent short circuits between the electrical component 31, the insulating heat-conducting component 37 and the heat exchange component 40, thereby reducing the risk of high-voltage short circuit arcing between the electrical component 31, the insulating heat-conducting component 37 and the heat exchange component 40.

[0217] The insulating and heat-conducting component 37 can be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure.

[0218] The shape of the insulating heat-conducting component 37 can be designed in various ways, such as cuboid, cylinder, etc.

[0219] While ensuring the thermal conductivity and insulation between the insulating heat-conducting component 37 and the electrical component 31, the connection method between the insulating heat-conducting component 37 and the electrical component 31 can be flexibly designed, such as abutment, bonding, bolt locking connection, etc.

[0220] While ensuring the thermal conductivity and insulation between the insulating heat-conducting component 37 and the heat exchange component 40, the connection method between the insulating heat-conducting component 37 and the heat exchange component 40 can be flexibly designed, such as abutment, bonding, bolt locking connection, etc.

[0221] By adopting the above scheme, the power distribution device 30 can be insulated and thermally connected to the electrical component 31 through the insulating thermally conductive component 37, and also insulated and thermally connected to the external heat exchange component 40 through the insulating thermally conductive component 37. Based on this, on the one hand, the insulating performance of the insulating thermally conductive component 37 can ensure that the electrical component 31 and the heat exchange component 40 can be insulated from each other through the insulating thermally conductive component 37, thereby basically avoiding short circuits between the electrical component 31, the insulating thermally conductive component 37 and the heat exchange component 40, and effectively reducing the risk of high-voltage short circuit arcing between the electrical component 31, the insulating thermally conductive component 37 and the heat exchange component 40. On the other hand, it facilitates heat exchange and conduction between the electrical device 31 and the heat exchanger 40 through the insulating heat-conducting element 37. In particular, it facilitates the conduction of heat generated by the electrical device 31 to the heat exchanger 40 through the insulating heat-conducting element 37, so as to diffuse and conduct the heat generated by the electrical device 31 to the outside of the power distribution device 30. Thus, it can effectively ensure and improve the heat dissipation performance and efficiency of the power distribution device 30 on the electrical device 31, effectively reduce the risk of thermal failure of the electrical device 31, and effectively ensure and extend the service life of the electrical device 31 and the power distribution device 30.

[0222] Please see Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 In some embodiments of this application, the electrical device 31 includes a sheet-like conductive structure 311. The conductive structure 311 has a heat-conducting surface 3111, which is connected to the insulating heat-conducting element 37.

[0223] It should be noted that the conductive structure 311 is a component of the electrical device 31 used to achieve electrical connection. The conductive structure 311 may be in the form of a sheet, and may include a bar, busbar, conductive sheet, etc. Among them, the bar may include copper bar, aluminum bar, etc.

[0224] The conductive structure 311 has a heat-conducting surface 3111, which can be thermally connected to the insulating heat-conducting element 37 in close contact. This arrangement allows the conductive structure 311, which generates a significant amount of heat during operation, to be directly and thermally connected to the insulating heat-conducting element 37 via the heat-conducting surface 3111. This ensures and increases the thermal contact area between the conductive structure 311 and the insulating heat-conducting element 37, facilitating reliable and effective heat transfer of the large amount of heat generated by the conductive structure 311 to the heat exchanger 40 (e.g., [other components]). Figure 3 As shown in the figure, this can effectively ensure and improve the heat dissipation performance and efficiency of the power distribution device 30 to the electrical components 31, effectively reduce the risk of thermal failure of the electrical components 31, and effectively ensure and extend the service life of the electrical components 31 and the power distribution device 30.

[0225] Furthermore, based on the insulating properties of the insulating heat-conducting component 37, the conductive structure 311 and the insulating heat-conducting component 37 can be insulated from each other. This arrangement can essentially prevent short circuits between the conductive structure 311 and the insulating heat-conducting component 37, thereby reducing the risk of high-voltage short circuits and arcing between them.

[0226] By adopting the above scheme, by connecting the heat-conducting surface 3111 of the conductive structure 311 of the electrical device 31 to the insulating heat-conducting component 37, on the one hand, based on the insulation characteristics of the insulating heat-conducting component 37, the conductive structure 311 and the insulating heat-conducting component 37 can be insulated from each other, thereby basically avoiding short circuits between the conductive structure 311 and the insulating heat-conducting component 37, and reducing the risk of high-voltage short circuit arcing between the conductive structure 311 and the insulating heat-conducting component 37. On the other hand, the conductive structure 311 of the electrical device 31, which generates a lot of heat during operation, can be directly and thermally connected to the insulating thermally conductive element 37 through the heat-conducting surface 3111. Based on this, the thermal contact area between the conductive structure 311 and the insulating thermally conductive element 37 can be guaranteed and increased, so that the large amount of heat generated by the conductive structure 311 can be reliably and effectively transferred to the heat exchange element 40 through the insulating thermally conductive element 37. Thus, the heat dissipation performance and efficiency of the power distribution device 30 on the electrical device 31 can be effectively guaranteed and improved, the risk of thermal failure of the electrical device 31 can be effectively reduced, and the service life of the electrical device 31 and the power distribution device 30 can be effectively guaranteed and extended.

[0227] Of course, in other embodiments, the electrical device 31 can be insulated and thermally connected to the insulating and thermally conductive element 37 with a non-sheet-shaped conductive structure 311; or, the electrical device 31 can be insulated and thermally connected to the insulating and thermally conductive element 37 with a portion other than the conductive structure 311.

[0228] Please see Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13In some embodiments of this application, the conductive structure 311 includes a first conductive portion 3112, a second conductive portion 3113, and a third conductive portion 3114. The second conductive portion 3113 is laid on the side of the base 32 facing the insulating heat-conducting element 37, and a heat-conducting surface 3111 is provided on the side of the second conductive portion 3113 facing the insulating heat-conducting element 37. The first conductive portion 3112 and the third conductive portion 3114 are respectively connected to different sides of the second conductive portion 3113, and are both bent towards the side closer to the base 32. The first conductive portion 3112 is connected to the corresponding electrical component 31. The third conductive portion 3114 is used to connect to the electrical component.

[0229] It should be noted that "electrical component" refers to the component that forms an electrical connection with electrical device 31. The electrical component can be other electrical devices 31, or it can be a circuit (not limited to a circuit board), an external bus, etc. The electrical components electrically connected to different electrical devices 31 can be the same or different.

[0230] The conductive structure 311 is a component used to electrically connect the corresponding electrical device 31 to the corresponding electrical component. The corresponding electrical device 31 refers to the electrical device 31 that includes and is electrically connected to the conductive structure 311. The corresponding electrical component refers to another component, besides the corresponding electrical device 31, that is electrically connected to the conductive structure 311. In other words, the corresponding electrical device 31 and the corresponding electrical component are two components connected to the conductive structure 311.

[0231] It should also be noted that the conductive structure 311 is a sheet-like structure. The conductive structure 311 includes a first conductive portion 3112, a second conductive portion 3113, and a third conductive portion 3114 connected sequentially. The first conductive portion 3112 is connected to the corresponding electrical component 31 and extends towards the side closest to the insulating heat-conducting element 37. The third conductive portion 3114 is connected to the corresponding electrical component and extends towards the side closest to the insulating heat-conducting element 37. The second conductive portion 3113 is bent and connected to the end of the first conductive portion 3112 near the insulating heat-conducting element 37, and the end of the third conductive portion 3114 near the insulating heat-conducting element 37. That is, the second conductive portion 3113 connects from the end of the first conductive portion 3112 near the insulating heat-conducting element 37 to the end of the third conductive portion 3114 near the insulating heat-conducting element 37, with the second conductive portion 3113 and the first conductive portion 3112 forming an angle, and the second conductive portion 3113 and the third conductive portion 3114 forming an angle.

[0232] Based on the layout of the corresponding electrical device 31 and the corresponding electrical component, as well as the shape of the second conductive part 3113, the first conductive part 3112 and the third conductive part 3114 can be connected to different sides of the second conductive part 3113. That is, the first conductive part 3112 and the third conductive part 3114 can be connected to adjacent sides of the second conductive part 3113, or they can be connected to opposite sides of the second conductive part 3113, and so on. In other words, the overall shape of the conductive structure 311 can be flexibly designed as needed.

[0233] By sequentially bending and connecting the first conductive part 3112, the second conductive part 3113, and the third conductive part 3114, the conductive structure 311 can conveniently and reliably connect the corresponding electrical device 31 to the corresponding electrical component.

[0234] It should also be noted that the second conductive portion 3113 is laid on the side of the base 32 facing the insulating heat-conducting element 37. That is, the second conductive portion 3113 is disposed on the side of the base 32 facing the insulating heat-conducting element 37 in a posture that is "generally parallel to the side of the base 32 facing the insulating heat-conducting element 37". In this case, on the side of the second conductive portion 3113 facing the insulating heat-conducting element 37, the second conductive portion 3113 can form the aforementioned heat-conducting surface 3111 for thermally conductively connecting with the insulating heat-conducting element 37 in close contact. Based on this, the conductive structure 311 can be directly and thermally conductively connected to the insulating heat-conducting element 37 through the heat-conducting surface 3111 of the second conductive portion 3113, thereby reducing the obstruction effect of the base 32 on the heat conduction path between the conductive structure 311 and the insulating heat-conducting element 37, and ensuring and increasing the thermal contact area between the conductive structure 311 and the insulating heat-conducting element 37.

[0235] By adopting the above scheme, the corresponding electrical device 31 can be conveniently and reliably connected to the corresponding electrical component through the conductive structure 311, especially through the first conductive part 3112, the second conductive part 3113 and the third conductive part 3114 which are connected by bending in sequence. Based on this, the second conductive part 3113 can be laid on the side of the base 32 facing the insulating heat-conducting element 37, and the side of the second conductive part 3113 facing the insulating heat-conducting element 37 can be provided with a heat-conducting surface 3111. This allows the conductive structure 311 to be directly and thermally connected to the insulating heat-conducting element 37 through the heat-conducting surface 3111 of the second conductive part 3113. Based on this, the obstruction effect of the base 32 on the heat conduction path between the conductive structure 311 and the insulating heat-conducting element 37 can be reduced, and the heat conduction contact area between the conductive structure 311 and the insulating heat-conducting element 37 can be guaranteed and increased. This can guarantee and improve the heat conduction effect between the conductive structure 311 and the insulating heat-conducting element 37, and facilitate the reliable and effective rapid dissipation of the large amount of heat generated by the conductive structure 311 through the insulating heat-conducting element 37. This can guarantee and improve the heat dissipation performance and efficiency of the power distribution device 30 on the electrical components 31.

[0236] Please see Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 In some embodiments of this application, the conductive structure 311 of the relay 312 is disposed outside the receiving cavity 321, and the second conductive part 3113 of the relay 312 is disposed on the outer side of the receiving cavity 321 near the insulating heat-conducting member 37.

[0237] It should be noted that the conductive structure 311 of the relay 312, that is, the conductive structure 311 used to electrically connect the relay 312 to other electrical components, is disposed outside the receiving cavity 321 without occupying additional internal space of the receiving cavity 321. In particular, the second conductive portion 3113 of the conductive structure 311 of the relay 312 is disposed on the outer side of the receiving cavity 321 near the insulating heat-conducting member 37.

[0238] By adopting the above solution, the conductive structure 311 of the relay 312 can be disposed outside the receiving cavity 321, so that the conductive structure 311 can electrically connect the relay 312 to other electrical components without occupying additional internal space of the receiving cavity 321. Based on this, the design margin and space waste between the base 32 and the relay 312 can be reduced, and the assembly and cooperation of the base 32, the relay 312, the conductive structure 311 of the relay 312, and the electrical components connected to the conductive structure 311 of the relay 312 can be facilitated. It also facilitates the conductive structure 311 to conveniently and reliably connect the relay 312 to other electrical components. Based on this, the second conductive part 3113 of the relay 312 can be disposed on the outer side of the receiving cavity 321 near the insulating heat-conducting member 37, so that the second conductive part 3113 of the relay 312 can be exposed on the outer side of the receiving cavity 321 near the insulating heat-conducting member 37. This facilitates the direct insulating and thermally conductive connection between the conductive structure 311 of the relay 312 and the insulating heat-conducting member 37 via the second conductive part 3113. As a result, the obstruction effect of the wall of the receiving cavity 321 on the thermal conductive path between the conductive structure 311 of the relay 312 and the insulating heat-conducting member 37 can be reduced, and the thermal contact area between the conductive structure 311 of the relay 312 and the insulating heat-conducting member 37 can be increased. This can improve the thermal conductivity between the relay 312 and the insulating heat-conducting member 37, and facilitate the reliable and effective rapid dissipation of heat generated by the relay 312 and its conductive structure 311 through the insulating heat-conducting member 37. This can improve the heat dissipation performance and efficiency of the power distribution device 30 for the relay 312, and reduce the risk of thermal failure of the relay 312.

[0239] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 11 , Figure 13In some embodiments of this application, the power distribution device 30 includes a housing 38 connected to the base 32 on the side near the insulating thermally conductive element 37. The insulating thermally conductive element 37 is mounted on the housing 38. The surface of the insulating thermally conductive element 37 facing away from the electrical device 31 is exposed in the housing 38.

[0240] It should be noted that the power distribution device 30 is located on the heat exchanger 40 (e.g., Figure 3 As shown, the power distribution unit 30 is mainly mounted on the heat exchanger 40 via a mounting base 38. The mounting base 38 is a component used at least for mounting and fixing the insulating and heat-conducting component 37.

[0241] Electrical component 31 is located on the side of the housing 38 opposite to the heat exchanger 40. In some embodiments, electrical component 31 can be fixed by mounting on the base 32 and via a connection between the base 32 and the housing 38, while the mounting position and mounting state are substantially stable relative to the housing 38.

[0242] The insulating thermally conductive element 37 is mounted on the package holder 38. The mounting method between the insulating thermally conductive element 37 and the package holder 38 can be flexibly designed. The side of the insulating thermally conductive element 37 facing the electrical component 31 is insulated and thermally connected to the electrical component 31. The surface of the insulating thermally conductive element 37 facing away from the electrical component 31 is exposed on the side of the package holder 38 facing the heat exchanger 40 and is thermally connected to the heat exchanger 40.

[0243] By adopting the above scheme, the insulating heat-conducting component 37 can be fixedly installed through the encapsulation base 38, so that the installation position and installation state of the insulating heat-conducting component 37 relative to the encapsulation base 38 are stable and secure. This facilitates precise and stable alignment between the insulating heat-conducting component 37 and the electrical component 31, and facilitates a precise and reliable insulating heat-conducting connection between the insulating heat-conducting component 37 and the electrical component 31. Furthermore, since the side of the insulating heat-conducting component 37 facing the electrical component 31 is insulated and heat-conductingly connected to the electrical component 31, while the surface of the insulating heat-conducting component 37 facing away from the electrical component 31 is exposed on the encapsulation base 38 and heat-conductingly connected to the heat exchanger 40, it is convenient for the insulating heat-conducting component 37 to be directly insulated and heat-conductingly connected between the electrical component 31 and the heat exchanger 40. This reduces the obstruction effect of the encapsulation base 38 on the heat conduction path of the insulating heat-conducting component 37, and ensures and improves the heat conduction effect of the insulating heat-conducting component 37 between the electrical component 31 and the heat exchanger 40.

[0244] Of course, in other embodiments, the power distribution device 30 may not include the encapsulation base 38, but instead the insulating heat-conducting element 37 may be mounted and fixed on other components of the power distribution device 30.

[0245] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 11 , Figure 13 In some embodiments of this application, the insulating heat-conducting element 37 is embedded in the encapsulation base 38.

[0246] It should be noted that the insulating thermally conductive element 37 is partially or entirely embedded in the encapsulation base 38. The side of the insulating thermally conductive element 37 facing the electrical device 31 is insulated and thermally connected to the electrical device 31. The surface of the insulating thermally conductive element 37 facing away from the electrical device 31 is exposed on the side of the encapsulation base 38 facing the heat exchanger 40 and is thermally connected to the heat exchanger 40.

[0247] By adopting the above solution, at least a portion of the insulating heat-conducting element 37 can be embedded in the encapsulation base 38, based on the previous embodiment. Therefore, on the one hand, at least a portion of the insulating heat-conducting element 37 can share space with the encapsulation base 38, thereby saving space occupied by both the insulating heat-conducting element 37 and the encapsulation base 38. On the other hand, it facilitates the insulating heat-conducting element 37 to directly and thermally insulate between the electrical device 31 and the heat exchanger 40 through the encapsulation base 38, thereby reducing the obstruction effect of the encapsulation base 38 on the heat conduction path of the insulating heat-conducting element 37, and helping to ensure and improve the heat conduction effect of the insulating heat-conducting element 37 between the electrical device 31 and the heat exchanger 40.

[0248] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 11 , Figure 13 In some embodiments of this application, the packaging base 38 is provided with a first limiting structure 381 on the side facing the electrical device 31, which is used to limit the portion of the electrical device 31 that is connected to the insulating heat-conducting component 37.

[0249] It should be noted that the side of the package holder 38 facing the electrical component 31 is provided with a first limiting structure 381. The structure of the first limiting structure 381 can be designed in various ways. For example, the first limiting structure 381 can be a hole-shaped structure, a groove-shaped structure, or a frame structure, etc.

[0250] The portion of the electrical component 31 used for thermally conductive connection with the insulating thermally conductive element 37 (e.g., the second conductive portion 3113 mentioned above) can be limited and installed in the first limiting structure 381, and has an insulating thermally conductive connection with the surface of the insulating thermally conductive element 37 corresponding to the first limiting structure 381. Wherein, when the portion of the electrical component 31 used for thermally conductive connection with the insulating thermally conductive element 37 can be limited in the first limiting structure 381, the shape of this portion of the electrical component 31 can be the same as or different from the shape of the first limiting structure 381, and the fit between this portion of the electrical component 31 and the first limiting structure 381 can be a clearance fit, a transition fit, or an interference fit.

[0251] By adopting the above scheme, a first limiting structure 381 can be provided on the encapsulation base 38 to facilitate the partial thermal connection of the electrical component 31 with the insulating heat-conducting component 37. The component is limited and installed in the first limiting structure 381, and its surface is thermally insulated with the insulating heat-conducting component 37 at the corresponding position of the first limiting structure 381. Based on this, the first limiting structure 381 of the encapsulation base 38 can limit and position the partial thermal connection of the electrical component 31 with the insulating heat-conducting component 37, thereby facilitating the quick and accurate alignment of each electrical component 31 and the encapsulation base 38. It can also ensure that each electrical component 31 can be precisely aligned with the insulating heat-conducting component 37 installed in the encapsulation base 38, which can help stabilize the relative position and state between the electrical component 31 and the insulating heat-conducting component 37. This facilitates the accurate and reliable insulating heat-conducting connection between the electrical component 31 and the insulating heat-conducting component 37, and ensures the heat conduction effect between the electrical component 31 and the insulating heat-conducting component 37.

[0252] Of course, in other embodiments, the package holder 38 may not have the first limiting structure 381, and the surface of the insulating heat-conducting element 37 facing the electrical device 31 may be exposed on the corresponding side of the package holder 38 and have at least a partial thermally conductive connection with the electrical device 31.

[0253] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 11 , Figure 13 In some embodiments of this application, the packaging base 38 is provided with a second limiting structure 382 on the side opposite to the electrical device 31, for limiting the installation of the insulating heat-conducting component 37.

[0254] It should be noted that a second limiting structure 382 is provided on the side of the package holder 38 facing away from the electrical component 31 (i.e., the side of the package holder 38 facing the heat exchanger 40). The structure of the second limiting structure 382 can be designed in various ways. For example, the second limiting structure 382 can be a groove structure, a hole structure, or a frame structure, etc.

[0255] The insulating heat-conducting element 37 is limited and installed in the second limiting structure 382. When the insulating heat-conducting element 37 is limited and installed in the second limiting structure 382, ​​the shape of the second limiting structure 382 and the shape of the insulating heat-conducting element 37 can be the same or different. The fit between the insulating heat-conducting element 37 and the second limiting structure 382 can be a clearance fit, a transition fit, or an interference fit.

[0256] By adopting the above solution, a second limiting structure 382 can be provided on the side of the encapsulation base 38 away from the electrical device 31, so as to limit the installation of the insulating heat-conducting component 37 in the second limiting structure 382. Based on this, the insulating heat-conducting component 37 can be limited and accommodated by the second limiting structure 382 of the encapsulation base 38, thereby facilitating the quick and accurate assembly between the insulating heat-conducting component 37 and the encapsulation base 38, and enabling the insulating heat-conducting component 37 to be accurately aligned with the electrical device 31 to be thermally connected, so as to enable the insulating heat-conducting component 37 to perform its heat conduction function accurately, stably and reliably.

[0257] Please see Figures 4 to 13 Based on the above embodiments, this application provides a specific example of a power distribution device 30.

[0258] The power distribution device 30 includes a base 32 and relays 312. Two receiving cavities 321 are provided on one side of the base 32. At least two relays 312 are provided, including a main positive relay 3121 and a main negative relay 3122. The main positive relay 3121 is fixedly installed in one of the receiving cavities 321. The main positive relay 3121 is a caseless relay, and the outer wall of its switching unit 3124 is exposed within the receiving cavity 321. The wall of the receiving cavity 321 is connected to the main positive relay 3121, thus fixing the main positive relay 3121 to the receiving cavity 321. The main negative relay 3122 is fixedly installed in the other receiving cavity 321. The main negative relay 3122 is also a caseless relay, and the outer walls of its switching units 3124 are exposed within the receiving cavity 321. The wall of the receiving cavity 321 is connected to the main negative relay 3122, thus fixing the main negative relay 3122 to the receiving cavity 321. Based on this, by accommodating, limiting, fixing, and protecting the main positive relay 3121 and the main negative relay 3122 through the base 32, the housing structure of the main positive relay 3121 and the main negative relay 3122 can be omitted. This allows for a more compact layout of the power distribution device 30, reduces design margin, space waste, and space occupation, lightens the weight of the power distribution device 30, facilitates the formation of an integrated, miniaturized, lightweight, and simplified power distribution device 30, and reduces the production cost of the power distribution device 30.

[0259] The inner wall 3211 of the receiving cavity 321 includes a bottom wall 3212, a top wall 3213, a first side wall 3214, a second side wall 3215, and a third side wall 3216. The bottom wall 3212 supports the relay 312, and the top wall 3213 is disposed opposite to the bottom wall 3212. The first side wall 3214 is disposed opposite to the second side wall 3215. The third side wall 3216 is disposed opposite to the opening 3217 of the receiving cavity 321. Each of the bottom wall 3212, top wall 3213, first side wall 3214, second side wall 3215, and third side wall 3216 is provided with a protruding structure 323. The protruding structure 323 provided on the bottom wall 3212, top wall 3213, first side wall 3214, and second side wall 3215 is a first protrusion 3231, which extends in a direction away from the opening 3217. The protruding structure 323 provided on the third sidewall 3216 is a second protrusion 3232, and the second protrusions 3232 are cross-connected. Based on this, during the assembly of the relay 312 being placed and removed from the receiving cavity 321, the bottom wall 3212, top wall 3213, first sidewall 3214, and second sidewall 3215 can all reduce the friction with the relay 312, especially in directions other than the disassembly and assembly direction, by using the first protrusion 3231 to conform to the disassembly and assembly direction of the relay 312 and the receiving cavity 321. Furthermore, the bottom wall 3212, top wall 3213, first sidewall 3214, second sidewall 3215, and third sidewall 3216 can all form a first gap 322 with the relay 312 through the area where the protruding structure 323 is not provided, so as to form an assembly allowance through the first gap 322 and provide assembly space. As a result, the assembly convenience and assembly efficiency between the relay 312 and the receiving cavity 321 can be improved. With the relay 312 already placed in the receiving cavity 321, the bottom wall 3212, top wall 3213, first side wall 3214, second side wall 3215, and third side wall 3216 can all abut against the relay 312 through the protruding structure 323, thereby ensuring and enhancing the limiting and positioning effect of the relay 312; and each can form a connection space through the first gap 322 to fill with structural adhesive, thus facilitating the stable and reliable fixing of the relay 312 to the receiving cavity 321 via the structural adhesive. This improves the installation stability of the relay 312 within the receiving cavity 321.

[0260] The power distribution device 30 includes two cover members 33. The cover members 33 are snapped together with the inner wall 3211 of the receiving cavity 321 via latches 333, allowing the two cover members 33 to seal the openings 3217 of the two receiving cavities 321 one-to-one. Based on this, the cover members 33, in conjunction with the base 32, provide comprehensive protection for the relay 312 within the receiving cavity 321, thereby improving the protection effect of the power distribution device 30 on the relay 312 and extending the service life of both the relay 312 and the power distribution device 30. The cover members 33 reliably prevent the relay 312 from detaching from the opening 3217 of the receiving cavity 321, especially preventing the relay 312 from detaching from the receiving cavity 321 due to vibration during operation, thus ensuring the stability and reliability of the installation of the relay 312 within the power distribution device 30. The cover 33 can reliably prevent external devices from contacting, colliding with, or damaging the relay 312, thereby extending the service life of the relay 312 and the power distribution device 30 and reducing the safety hazards of the power distribution device 30.

[0261] The relay 312 has two contacts 3125, and the contacts 3125 are positioned facing the opening 3217. Correspondingly, the cover 33 has two through holes 331, which expose the two contacts 3125 of the relay 312 one-to-one. Therefore, the cover 33 can expose the contacts 3125 of the relay 312 through the through holes 331, facilitating the connection of the contacts 3125 of the relay 312 to the high-voltage circuit and enabling them to control the on / off state of the high-voltage circuit. Furthermore, since the contacts 3125 of the relay 312 are separated in different through holes 331, the insulation between the two contacts 3125 of the relay 312 is improved, thereby reducing the risk of short circuits and minimizing safety hazards in the power distribution device 30.

[0262] The cover 33 has a partition structure 332 on the side opposite to the receiving cavity 321, located between the two through holes 331. Therefore, when the two contacts 3125 of the relay 312 pass through the two through holes 331 of the cover 33 one-to-one, the cover 33 can use the partition structure 332 to insulate and separate the two contacts 3125 exposed in the two through holes 331. This increases the creepage distance between the two contacts 3125 of the relay 312, improves the insulation between them, reduces the risk of short circuits, and minimizes safety hazards in the power distribution device 30.

[0263] The two receiving cavities 321 are arranged adjacent to each other, i.e., close to each other. The base 32 is provided with an insulating structure 324, which is located between the two receiving cavities 321. The insulating structure 324 can insulate the two receiving cavities 321, especially the main positive relay 3121 and the main negative relay 3122, and particularly the contacts 3125 of the main positive relay 3121 and the main negative relay 3122. Based on this, the insulation between the contacts 3125 of the main positive relay 3121 and the main negative relay 3122 can be improved, reducing the risk of short circuits and improving the reliability and safety of the power distribution device 30.

[0264] The power distribution device 30 includes a shielding member 34. The shielding member 34 is located on the side of the two cover members 33 facing away from the receiving cavity 321. The shielding member 34 can shield the two cover members 33, as well as the contacts 3125 of the main positive relay 3121 and the main negative relay 3122. Therefore, the shielding member 34 can provide protection for the two cover members 33, the contacts 3125 of the main positive relay 3121, and the contacts 3125 of the main negative relay 3122, thereby ensuring and extending the service life of the relays 312 and the power distribution device 30. Furthermore, the shielding member 34 can reliably prevent human hands or external devices from contacting the contacts 3125 of the main positive relay 3121 and the contacts 3125 of the main negative relay 3122, thus reducing safety hazards associated with the power distribution device 30.

[0265] The power distribution device 30 includes at least two electrical components 31. Each electrical component 31 includes a main positive relay 3121, a main negative relay 3122, a pre-charge relay 3123, a shunt 3131, a Hall current sensor 3132, a main fuse 3141, and a pre-charge resistor 315. Each electrical component 31 is mounted on a base 32. The pre-charge relay 3123 is located on the side of the main positive relay 3121 opposite to the main negative relay 3122 and is positioned close to the main positive relay 3121. The pre-charge resistor 315 is located on the side of the pre-charge relay 3123 opposite to the main positive relay 3121 and is positioned close to the pre-charge relay 3123. The main fuse 3141 is located on the side of the main positive relay 3121 away from the main negative relay 3122, and is located beside the pre-charge relay 3123 and the pre-charge resistor 315. The main fuse 3141 is positioned close to the main positive relay 3121, the pre-charge relay 3123, and the pre-charge resistor 315. Both the shunt 3131 and the Hall current sensor 3132 are current sensors 313. The Hall current sensor 3132 is located on the side of the main fuse 3141 away from the main positive relay 3121. The shunt 3131 is located on the side of the main negative relay 3122 away from the main positive relay 3121. The main positive relay 3121, the main negative relay 3122, the pre-charge relay 3123, the shunt 3131, the Hall current sensor 3132, the main fuse 3141, and the pre-charge resistor 315 are connected according to the circuit diagram of the power distribution device 30. The circuit diagram of the power distribution device 30 is well-known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here. Based on this, the main positive relay 3121, main negative relay 3122, pre-charge relay 3123, shunt 3131, Hall current sensor 3132, main fuse 3141, and pre-charge resistor 315 can achieve a compact and optimized layout, thereby reducing the design margin, wasted space, and space occupation of the power distribution device 30. This allows for a reduction in the size of the power distribution device 30 in the height direction of the base 32 (corresponding to the assembly direction of the cover 35, base 32, and encapsulation base 38), and a reduction in the overall external size of the power distribution device 30, thus facilitating the formation of an integrated and miniaturized power distribution device 30.

[0266] The power distribution device 30 also includes a cover 35, which is mounted on one side of the base 32. Based on the compact layout of the electrical components 31, the base 32 and the cover 35 can enclose an internal space to accommodate the pre-charge relay 3123 and the pre-charge resistor 315. A circuit element 36 is provided on the side of the cover 35 facing each electrical component 31. The circuit element 36 can be used to electrically connect with each electrical component 31 to establish the required electrical connection relationship between the components 31, ensuring that the power distribution device 30 can achieve the required functions.

[0267] Each electrical component 31 is provided with a first connector 317, which has a first connecting portion 3171 for detachable electrical connection with a circuit element 36. For any electrical component 31, the gap between it and adjacent electrical components 31 can be used as a second gap 316, and the first connecting portion 3171 of the first connector 317 is located outside each of the second gaps 316. Taking the precharge relay 3123 as an example, the main positive relay 3121, the precharge resistor 315, and the main fuse 3141 are all arranged adjacent to the precharge relay 3123. The gap between the main positive relay 3121 and the precharge relay 3123, the gap between the precharge resistor 315 and the precharge relay 3123, and the gap between the main fuse 3141 and the precharge relay 3123 can all be used as second gaps 316, but the dimensions of these second gaps 316 can be the same or different. The first connecting portion 3171 of the first connecting member 317 of the precharge relay 3123 can be located outside each of the second gaps 316 of the precharge relay 3123. That is, the first connecting portion 3171 of the precharge relay 3123 can be located outside the gap between the main positive relay 3121 and the precharge relay 3123, outside the gap between the precharge resistor 315 and the precharge relay 3123, and outside the gap between the main fuse 3141 and the precharge relay 3123. Therefore, in this embodiment, the first connecting portion 3171 of the precharge relay 3123 is located on the side of the precharge relay 3123 facing the cover 35. Similarly, the first connecting portions 3171 of the main positive relay 3121, the main negative relay 3122, the shunt 3131, the Hall current sensor 3132, the main fuse 3141, and the precharge resistor 315 can be located as far away from their respective second gaps 316 as possible. Of course, according to the layout design requirements, some electrical components 31 can have their first connecting parts 3171 disposed in their second gaps 316. Based on this, by disposing the first connecting parts 3171 outside the second gaps 316 of the corresponding electrical components 31, it is convenient to perform the connection operation of the first connecting parts 3171 in the space outside the second gaps 316 of the corresponding electrical components 31, thereby ensuring and improving the convenience of connecting and disconnecting the first connecting parts 3171. Furthermore, it also means that the second gaps 316 of the electrical components 31 do not need to provide space to accommodate the first connecting parts 3171, nor do they need to provide space for the connection operation of the first connecting parts 3171, thereby facilitating the compression of the gaps between the electrical components 31 and adjacent electrical components 31 as needed, which is conducive to the compact overall layout of the electrical components 31, thereby facilitating the formation of an integrated, compact, and miniaturized power distribution device 30, and improving the space utilization and energy density of the power distribution device 30.

[0268] Circuit element 36 includes two connectors 361, one of which is used to connect to battery cell 10 (e.g., Figure 3One connector (shown) is used for high-voltage sampling, and another connector (361) is used to connect to the battery unit 10 for low-voltage control. Both connectors (361) are embedded in the cover 35, and the insertion ports (3611) of both connectors (361) are exposed outside the cover 35. Depending on the number and location of the electrical devices (31) to be connected to the connectors (361), each connector (361) is provided with at least one second connector (362). The second connector (362) includes a conductive connection portion (3622), one end of which is electrically connected to the connector (361), and the other end of which extends toward the electrical device (31) to be connected. At the end of the conductive connection portion (3622) near the corresponding electrical device (31), the second connector (362) can be bent to form a second connection portion (3621). The second connection portion (3621) is bent toward the corresponding electrical device (31) and can be used for detachable insertion and engagement with the first connection portion (3171) of the corresponding electrical device (31). The insertion and mating direction of the second connecting part 3621 and the corresponding first connecting part 3171 can correspond to the assembly direction of the cover 35 and the base 32. Based on this, when assembling the cover 35 and the base 32, the precise alignment of the second connecting part 3621 and the corresponding first connecting part 3171 can be completed at the same time, and the insertion and mating of the second connecting part 3621 and the corresponding first connecting part 3171 can be completed at the same time. This can reduce the assembly steps, ensure and improve the connection reliability between the connector 361 and the electrical component 31, and improve the assembly efficiency and structural reliability of the power distribution device 30.

[0269] The conductive connection part 3622 uses conductive sheets, FPC, or PCB to replace wire harnesses, thereby reducing the need for wire harnesses and minimizing problems such as wire harness interference and wear. This ensures and improves the structural reliability of connector 361 and the second connector 362, and also ensures and improves the reliability and safety of the power distribution device 30. Connector 361 is embedded in cover 35, and conductive connection part 3622 is embedded in cover 35. Cover 35, connector 361, and conductive connection part 3622 are integrally injection molded.

[0270] The power distribution device 30 includes a housing 38. The housing 38 is mounted on the side of the base 32 opposite to the cover 35. Based on the compact layout of the electrical components 31, the base 32 and the housing 38 can be enclosed to form an internal space to accommodate the installation of the main fuse 3141.

[0271] The power distribution device 30 is located on the heat exchanger 40 (e.g.) Figure 3As shown, the power distribution device 30 is mainly mounted on the heat exchanger 40 via an encapsulation base 38. A second limiting structure 382, ​​which is a groove-shaped structure, is provided on the side of the encapsulation base 38 facing the heat exchanger 40. The power distribution device 30 includes an insulating heat-conducting element 37. The insulating heat-conducting element 37 is provided and embedded in the second limiting structure 382. The insulating heat-conducting element 37 is integrally formed with the encapsulation base 38. The side of the insulating heat-conducting element 37 facing the heat exchanger 40 protrudes from the groove of the second limiting structure 382 and is thermally connected to the heat exchanger 40.

[0272] Each electrical component 31 mounted on the base 32 is provided with a conductive structure 311. The conductive structure 311 includes a first conductive portion 3112, a second conductive portion 3113, and a third conductive portion 3114. The first conductive portion 3112 is connected to the corresponding electrical component 31 and extends towards the side near the package holder 38. The third conductive portion 3114 is connected to the corresponding electrical component and extends towards the side near the package holder 38. The second conductive portion 3113 is bent and connected to the end of the first conductive portion 3112 near the package holder 38 and the end of the third conductive portion 3114 near the package holder 38. The second conductive portion 3113 is laid on the side of the base 32 facing the package holder 38. The side of the package holder 38 facing the base 32 is provided with a first limiting structure 381, which is a hole-like structure and connects to the bottom of the groove of the second limiting structure 382. The second conductive part 3113 of the electrical device 31 is respectively confined in the corresponding first limiting structure 381. The side of the second conductive part 3113 near the insulating heat-conducting member 37 is provided with a heat-conducting surface 3111. The heat-conducting surface 3111 is insulated and heat-conductingly connected to the surface of the insulating heat-conducting member 37 at the corresponding first limiting structure 381.

[0273] Based on this, during the operation of electrical component 31, the insulating heat-conducting component 37 can conduct the heat generated by electrical component 31, especially the conductive structure 311, to the heat exchange component 40, so as to quickly remove the heat of electrical component 31 to the outside of the power distribution device 30. This improves the heat dissipation performance and efficiency of the power distribution device 30 for electrical component 31, reduces the risk of thermal failure of electrical component 31, and ensures and extends the service life of the power distribution device 30. The insulating heat-conducting component 37 is made of ceramic with excellent thermal conductivity and voltage withstand capability, enabling it to reliably perform its heat conduction function. It also reduces the risk of the insulating heat-conducting component 37 being broken down by high voltage during the operation of electrical component 31, thus ensuring and extending the service life of the insulating heat-conducting component 37, and ensuring and improving the service life and safety of the power distribution device 30.

[0274] The conductive structure 311 of the relay 312 is disposed outside the receiving cavity 321 without occupying additional internal space. In particular, the second conductive portion 3113 of the conductive structure 311 of the relay 312 is disposed on the outer side of the receiving cavity 321 near the insulating heat-conducting member 37, so that the conductive structure 311 of the relay 312 can be directly and thermally insulatedly connected to the insulating heat-conducting member 37 via the second conductive portion 3113.

[0275] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 Some embodiments of this application provide a battery 1, including a power distribution device 30 provided in embodiments of this application.

[0276] By adopting the above solution, the battery 1 can ensure and improve the space utilization, volume utilization and energy density of the battery 1 by using the power distribution device 30 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0277] Please see Figure 1 Some embodiments of this application provide an electrical device, including the battery 1 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0278] By adopting the above solution, the electrical equipment can ensure and improve its performance by using the battery 1 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0279] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A power distribution device, characterized by, include: The base forms a receiving cavity; A relay is fixedly mounted on the base. The relay includes a switching unit, at least a portion of the outer wall of which is exposed within the receiving cavity. The inner wall of the receiving cavity is connected to the relay to fix the relay within the receiving cavity.

2. The power distribution device of claim 1, wherein, The relay abuts against at least a portion of the inner wall.

3. The power distribution device of claim 2, wherein, There is a first gap between the relay and at least a portion of the inner wall.

4. The power distribution device of claim 3, wherein, The first gap is used to fill structural adhesive, and the relay is bonded to at least a portion of the inner wall by the structural adhesive.

5. The power distribution device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall is provided with a protruding structure, and the inner wall abuts against the relay through at least a portion of the protruding structure.

6. The power distribution device of claim 5, wherein, The receiving cavity has an opening, and the inner wall includes a bottom wall, a top wall, a first side wall, a second side wall, and a third side wall. The bottom wall is used to support the relay. The top wall is disposed opposite to the bottom wall, the first side wall is disposed opposite to the second side wall, and the third side wall is disposed opposite to the opening. At least a portion of the bottom wall, the top wall, the first side wall, the second side wall, and the third side wall are provided with the protruding structure.

7. The power distribution device of claim 6, wherein, The protruding structure on the bottom wall, the top wall, the first side wall and the second side wall is a first protrusion, and the first protrusion extends in a direction away from the opening.

8. The power distribution device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The protrusion structure on the third sidewall is a second protrusion, and there are at least two second protrusions, each of which is cross-connected.

9. The power distribution device of any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The receiving cavity has an opening, and the power distribution device includes a cover connected to the base for sealing the opening.

10. The power distribution device of claim 9, wherein, The cover has a through hole for the relay contacts to pass through.

11. The power distribution device of claim 10, wherein, Each of the cover members has at least one of the through holes, each of the relays has at least two of the contacts, each of the through holes corresponds to at least one of the contacts, and each of the through holes is used for the corresponding contact to pass through.

12. The power distribution device as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The cover is provided with a partition structure to separate two adjacent contacts of the relay.

13. The power distribution device of claim 10, wherein, The power distribution device includes a shielding member disposed on the side of the cover member opposite to the receiving cavity, for shielding the contacts of the relay.

14. The power distribution device of claim 9, wherein, The cover is snapped into the inner wall of the receiving cavity via a snap fastener.

15. The power distribution device of any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The receiving cavity is provided with at least two, and the relay is provided with at least two, with at least some of the relays installed one-to-one in the receiving cavity.

16. The power distribution device of claim 15, wherein, The base is provided with at least one insulating structure, which is disposed between two adjacent receiving cavities to separate the contacts of the corresponding two relays.

17. The power distribution device as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The power distribution device includes electrical components and a cover. The electrical components include the relay. There are at least two electrical components, and each is mounted on the base. The cover is located on the same side of each of the electrical components and is connected to the base. The side of the cover facing each of the electrical components is provided with circuit elements for electrical connection with each of the electrical components.

18. The power distribution device as claimed in claim 17, characterized in that, The gap between the electrical device and the adjacent electrical device is a second gap. The electrical device is provided with a first connector. The first connector includes a first connecting portion for detachable connection with the circuit element. The first connecting portion is located outside each of the second gaps corresponding to the electrical device.

19. The power distribution device of claim 17, wherein, The circuit element includes a connector and a second connector. The connector is embedded in the cover, and the connector's socket is exposed outside the cover. The second connector includes a conductive connection portion and a second connection portion. One end of the conductive connection portion is connected to the connector, and the other end of the conductive connection portion is connected to the second connection portion. The second connection portion is bent toward the corresponding electrical component for detachable connection with the corresponding electrical component.

20. The power distribution device of claim 19, wherein, The conductive connection portion is embedded in the cover body; And / or, the cover, the connector, and the conductive connection are an integrated structure.

21. The power distribution device of any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The power distribution device includes electrical components and insulating and heat-conducting components. The electrical components include the relay and are mounted on the base. One side of the insulating thermally conductive element is connected to at least a portion of the electrical device, and the other side of the insulating thermally conductive element is used to connect to a heat exchanger. The insulating thermally conductive element is used to transfer heat from the electrical device to the heat exchanger.

22. The power distribution device of claim 21, wherein, The power distribution device includes an encapsulation base, which is connected to the base on the side near the insulating heat-conducting component; The insulating thermally conductive element is mounted on the package holder, and the insulating thermally conductive element is exposed on the package holder away from the surface of the electrical device.

23. A battery, characterized by Includes the power distribution device as claimed in any one of claims 1-22.

24. An electrical device, comprising: Includes the battery as described in claim 23.

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