Air series gas distribution device

Abstract

This utility model discloses an air-series gas distribution device, belonging to the field of fuel cell technology. It includes a top plate, a first flow channel plate, a partition plate, a second flow channel plate, and a bottom plate. A fuel flow channel is provided within the first flow channel plate, and an air flow channel is provided within the second flow channel plate. The top plate is provided with a fuel gas outlet pipe, an air inlet pipe, and an air outlet pipe, as well as a first group of air vents and a second group of air vents. Each group of air vents includes several sets of air vents for connecting to the fuel cell stack. Each set of air vents includes an air inlet and an air outlet. The first air flow channel connects the air inlet pipe to the air inlet of the first group of air vents, the second air flow channel connects the air outlet of the first group of air vents and the air inlet of the second group of air vents, and the third air flow channel connects the air outlet pipe to the air inlet of the second group of air vents. Air first enters the fuel cell stack reaction on the first group of air vents, and then enters the fuel cell stack reaction on the second group of air vents, improving air utilization while reducing airflow and lowering waste heat recovery costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of fuel cell technology, specifically relating to an air series gas distribution device. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to this utility model and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Fuel cell stacks have advantages such as high power generation efficiency, high combined heat and power efficiency, water conservation, environmental friendliness, easy modular assembly, and a wide range of fuel options. Typically, fuel gas is introduced into the stack module to react with air, and the exhaust gas after the reaction is discharged.

[0004] Currently, uniform gas distribution is one of the key technologies in the development of fuel cell stack modules. Uneven gas distribution will lead to uneven reaction and heat release. In order to ensure uniform gas distribution in fuel cell stack modules, a gas distribution platform is often used to evenly distribute air and fuel gas before supplying them to the fuel cell stack reaction.

[0005] The prior art discloses a gas distribution platform for a multi-module solid oxide fuel cell power generation system, including a shell. The shell is provided with an air inlet chamber, a fuel gas inlet chamber, an air exhaust chamber and a fuel gas exhaust chamber. Multiple airflow channels are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the shell. Each airflow channel is connected to the air inlet chamber, the fuel gas inlet chamber, the air exhaust chamber and the fuel gas exhaust chamber respectively, and the air output of each airflow channel is equal.

[0006] However, the above solution has the following drawbacks:

[0007] The air entering the fuel cell reactor is evenly distributed among multiple reactors for their respective reactions, ensuring uniform air distribution. After the reaction, the air is directly discharged from the reactor into the air exhaust chamber and then from the gas distribution platform. During this process, the oxygen in the air participating in the reaction in a single reactor is not fully utilized and is directly discharged from the gas distribution platform, resulting in low air utilization. In addition, this also leads to a high total air flow rate through the gas distribution platform, while the air temperature entering the reactor is high (requiring several hundred degrees Celsius). The high flow rate also increases the cost of waste heat recovery from the air. Utility Model Content

[0008] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides an air-series gas distribution device. A first group of air vents and a second group of air vents are provided on the top plate. Each group of air vents contains a vent assembly, which includes an air inlet vent and an air outlet vent. The vent assembly connects to the air vents at the bottom of the fuel cell stack. A fuel flow channel is provided within a first flow channel plate, and an air flow channel is provided within the second flow channel plate. Both the fuel flow channel and the air flow channel are connected to the vent assembly of the air vents. An air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are also provided on the top plate, connecting the first air flow channel to the air inlet pipe and the second air outlet pipe. An air inlet group of vents connects to the air outlet group of the first air inlet group and the air inlet group of the second air inlet group via a second air flow channel. A third air flow channel connects the air outlet pipe to the air inlet group of the second air inlet group. This allows air to pass through the fuel cell reactor on the first air inlet group before entering the fuel cell reactor on the second air inlet group. The air undergoes two fuel cell reactor reactions, which not only improves the utilization rate of air but also reduces the air flow rate by half compared to the existing technology where air flows into two sets of fuel cell reactors separately, thus reducing the cost of waste heat recovery.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] An air-series gas distribution device is provided, comprising a top plate, a first flow channel plate, a partition plate, a second flow channel plate, and a bottom plate that are fixedly connected in sequence; a fuel flow channel is provided in the first flow channel plate, and an air flow channel is provided in the second flow channel plate;

[0011] A fuel gas outlet pipe is fixed along the centerline of the short side of the top surface of the top plate. Air inlet pipes and air outlet pipes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fuel gas outlet pipe. The top surface of the top plate is also provided with a first group of air holes and a second group of air holes symmetrically arranged relative to the centerline of the short side. Each group of air holes includes several sets of air holes for connecting to the air holes at the bottom of the fuel cell stack. Each set of air holes includes an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole. The air outlet hole is located close to the centerline of the short side, and the air inlet hole is located away from the centerline of the short side.

[0012] The airflow channel includes a first airflow channel connecting the air intake pipe and the air intake port of the first air hole group, a second airflow channel connecting the air outlet port of the first air hole group and the air intake port of the second air hole group, and a third airflow channel connecting the air outlet pipe and the air intake port of the second air hole group.

[0013] Preferably, each air vent group also includes a fuel gas inlet and a fuel gas outlet disposed between the air inlet and the air outlet; and a fuel gas inlet pipe is disposed on the side of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe that are far apart from each other.

[0014] Preferably, the fuel flow channel includes a second fuel flow channel and two first fuel flow channels symmetrically arranged relative to the second fuel flow channel; the second fuel flow channel connects the fuel gas outlet of the first vent group and the second vent group, and the fuel gas outlet pipe; the first fuel flow channel connects the fuel gas inlet of the first vent group or the second vent group, and the fuel gas inlet pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the first flow channel plate includes a first frame, the first frame having a symmetrical U-shaped structure relative to the short side centerline of the top plate, and multiple baffles disposed inside the first frame to divide the first frame into fuel flow channels, and a second fuel flow channel having a symmetrical U-shaped structure in the middle.

[0016] Preferably, between the first fuel flow channel and the second fuel flow channel, there are also air inlet slots and air outlet slots symmetrically arranged relative to the second fuel flow channel; the first frame is provided with air pipes whose number, diameter and position are all corresponding to the air inlet or air outlet, and the top of the air pipe is connected to the air inlet or air outlet.

[0017] Preferably, the partition is provided with air inlet slots and air outlet slots corresponding to the air inlet slots and air outlet slots; and air holes with the same number, diameter and position as the air inlet or air outlet holes, the air holes being connected to the air pipes to form air branches.

[0018] Preferably, the second flow channel plate includes a second frame, and the interior of the second frame is divided into air flow channels by baffles, wherein the second air flow channel has a U-shaped structure, and the third air flow channel is located between the second air flow channels.

[0019] Preferably, the second frame edge is provided with air distribution holes whose number, position, and diameter are consistent with those of the air inlet or air outlet holes.

[0020] Preferably, the air distribution hole is a semi-circular hole, which is connected to the first air flow channel, the second air flow channel, or the third air flow channel; the top of the air distribution hole is connected to the air branch.

[0021] Preferably, the air intake pipe is connected to the first air flow channel through the air intake slot and the air intake slot hole; the air outlet pipe is connected to the third air flow channel through the air outlet slot and the air outlet slot hole.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this utility model are:

[0023] This invention features a first group of vents and a second group of vents on the top plate. Each group of vents contains a vent assembly, which includes an air inlet vent and an air outlet vent. The vent assembly connects to the vents at the bottom of the fuel cell stack. A fuel flow channel is located within a first flow channel plate, and an air flow channel is located within a second flow channel plate. Both the fuel flow channel and the air flow channel are connected to the vent vent assembly of the vents. An air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are also provided on the top plate. The first air flow channel connects to the air inlet pipe and the air outlet vent of the first group of vents, the second air flow channel connects to the air outlet vent of the first group of vents and the air inlet vent of the second group of vents, and the third air flow channel connects to the air outlet pipe and the air inlet vent of the second group of vents. This design allows air to first pass through the fuel cell stack reaction on the first group of vents and then enter the fuel cell stack reaction on the second group of vents. The air undergoes two fuel cell stack reactions, which not only improves air utilization but also reduces the air flow rate by half compared to the prior art where air flows separately into two groups of fuel cell stack reactions, thus lowering the cost of waste heat recovery. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of this utility model. The illustrative embodiments of this utility model and their descriptions are used to explain this utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the air series gas distribution device according to an embodiment of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top plate according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second flow channel plate according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the air flow path within the air channel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first flow channel according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the flow path of fuel gas in the fuel gas flow channel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the stratified flow path of fuel gas and air according to an embodiment of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the partition according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the base plate according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 10 This is an overall schematic diagram of the air series gas distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] In the picture:

[0036] 1. Top plate; 10. Vent group; 11. Fuel gas inlet pipe; 111. Fuel gas inlet pipe hole; 12. Fuel gas outlet pipe; 121. Fuel gas inlet pipe hole; 13. Air inlet pipe; 131. Air inlet pipe hole; 14. Air outlet pipe; 141. Air outlet pipe hole; 15. Air inlet hole; 16. Air outlet hole; 17. Fuel gas inlet hole; 18. Fuel gas outlet hole; 2. First flow channel plate; 21. First frame; 22. Air pipe; 23. Second fuel gas flow channel; 24. First fuel gas flow channel; 25. Air inlet slot; 26. Air outlet slot; 3. Partition plate; 31. Air hole; 32. Air inlet slot hole; 33. Air outlet slot hole; 4. Second flow channel plate; 41. First air flow channel; 42. Second air flow channel; 43. Third air flow channel; 44. Air distribution hole; 5. Bottom plate. Detailed Implementation

[0037] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0038] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] This embodiment discloses an air-series gas distribution device, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 10 As shown, the system includes a top plate 1 at the very top and a bottom plate 5 at the very bottom. Between the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 5, a first flow channel plate 2, a partition plate 3, and a second flow channel plate 4 are sequentially fixedly connected. The first flow channel plate 2 contains a fuel flow channel, the second flow channel plate 4 contains an air flow channel, and the partition plate 3 separates the fuel flow channel from the air flow channel. Figure 7 As shown, this allows the fuel gas and air to flow separately in stratified layers, without interfering with each other.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, a fuel gas outlet pipe 12 is fixedly installed at the center line of a short side of the top surface of the top plate 1. With the fuel gas outlet pipe 12 as the center, an air inlet pipe 13 and an air outlet pipe 14 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fuel gas outlet pipe 12. The air inlet pipe 13 and the air outlet pipe 14 are connected to the air flow channel.

[0041] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the top surface of the top plate 1 is also provided with a first group of vents and a second group of vents symmetrically arranged relative to the center line of the shorter side. Each group of vents includes several groups of vents 10 arranged sequentially along the long side of the top plate 1. The groups of vents 10 are used to connect to the vent groups at the bottom of the fuel cell stack. The air flow channel and the fuel flow channel are both connected to the first group of vents or the second group of vents.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the air vent assembly 10 includes an air inlet 15 and an air outlet 16. The air outlet 16 is located close to the center line of the short side, while the air inlet 15 is located away from the center line of the short side.

[0043] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the airflow channel includes a first airflow channel 41 connecting the air intake pipe 13 and the air intake port 15 of the first air vent group, a second airflow channel 42 connecting the air outlet port 16 of the first air vent group and the air intake port 15 of the second air vent group, and a third airflow channel 43 connecting the air outlet pipe 14 and the air intake port 15 of the second air vent group.

[0044] That is, the air intake pipe 13 and the air outlet pipe 14 are connected to the air flow channel of the second flow channel plate 4; the air flow channel is connected to the air intake hole 15 and the air outlet hole 16. Further, one end of the first air flow channel 41 is connected to the air intake pipe 13, and the air outlet pipe 14 is connected to one end of the third air flow channel 43.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, after air enters the first air channel 41 in the air flow channel through the air intake pipe 13, it flows in the first air channel 41 and is evenly distributed into multiple streams. After passing upward through the air intake holes 15 of the first air hole group, it enters the fuel cell stack on the first air hole group to participate in the first reaction, and then exits from the fuel cell stack on the first air hole group. It then enters downward through the air outlet holes 16 of the first air hole group and enters the second air channel 42. The multiple air streams converge in the second air channel 42 and flow to the bottom of the air intake holes 15 of the second air hole group. They are once again evenly distributed into multiple streams, pass upward through the air intake holes 15 of the second air hole group, enter the fuel cell stack on the second air hole group to participate in the second reaction, and then exit from the fuel cell stack on the second air hole group. They then enter downward through the air outlet holes 16 of the second air hole group and converge in the third air channel 43, and finally exit the device through the air outlet pipe 14.

[0046] It is understood that in this embodiment, the air undergoes two fuel cell reactions, which not only improves the utilization rate of air, but also reduces the air flow by half compared to the prior art where air flows into two sets of fuel cell reactions separately, thereby reducing the cost of air waste heat recovery.

[0047] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the air vent assembly 10 also includes a fuel gas inlet 17 and a fuel gas outlet 18. The fuel gas inlet 17 and the fuel gas outlet 18 are located between the air inlet 15 and the air outlet 16, with the fuel gas inlet 17 located on the side closer to the air inlet 15 and the fuel gas outlet 18 located on the side of the air outlet 16.

[0048] In this embodiment, the vent assembly 10 includes one air inlet 15, one air outlet 16, two fuel gas inlets 17, and two fuel gas outlets 18. Figure 2 As shown, in the air inlet 15 and air outlet 16 of the air inlet group 10 are arranged symmetrically, and the two fuel gas inlets 17 and the two fuel gas outlets 18 are also arranged symmetrically.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, a fuel gas inlet pipe 11 is installed on the side of the air inlet pipe 13 and the air outlet pipe 14 away from the fuel gas outlet pipe 12. The fuel gas inlet pipe 11, the fuel gas outlet pipe 12, the fuel gas inlet port 17, and the fuel gas outlet port 18 are all connected to the fuel gas flow channel. This allows the fuel gas to enter the fuel gas flow channel through the fuel gas inlet pipe 11, be evenly distributed, and then enter each fuel cell reactor through the fuel gas inlet port 17. The reacted fuel gas can then enter the fuel gas flow channel through the fuel gas outlet port 18 and be collected before being discharged from the fuel gas outlet pipe 12.

[0050] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, since the first flow channel plate 2 is adjacent to and connected to the top plate 1, the fuel gas inlet and fuel gas outlet are connected to the fuel gas flow channel; as Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the fuel flow channel includes a second fuel flow channel 23 and two first fuel flow channels 24 symmetrically arranged relative to the second fuel flow channel 23. The second fuel flow channel 23 connects the fuel gas outlet 18 of the first and second vent groups and the fuel gas outlet pipe 12; the first fuel flow channels 24 connect the fuel gas inlet 17 of the first or second vent group and the fuel gas inlet pipe 11.

[0051] Furthermore, one end of the first fuel flow channel 24 is connected to the fuel gas inlet pipe, and the fuel gas exhaust pipe is connected to one end of the second fuel flow channel 23.

[0052] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, two fuel gas intake pipes 11 are connected to a main fuel gas intake pipe. Figure 6As shown, fuel gas enters two first fuel gas flow channels 24 through two fuel gas inlet pipes 11, and is then evenly distributed into multiple streams. The fuel gas flows upward through the fuel gas inlet holes 17 of the first or second pore group, enters the fuel cell stack on the first or second pore group, and is then discharged from the fuel cell stack on the first or second pore group. The fuel gas then flows through the fuel gas outlet holes 18 of the first or second pore group into the second fuel gas flow channel 23, and is discharged from the device through the fuel gas outlet pipe 12.

[0053] After being evenly distributed in the fuel gas flow channel, the fuel gas enters each fuel cell stack reaction through the fuel gas inlet 17 of the first or second pore group, ensuring that the amount of fuel gas in each fuel cell stack is consistent, thereby enabling each fuel cell stack to react and release heat evenly.

[0054] It is understood that in this embodiment, both air and fuel gas are distributed within their respective flow channels before entering their respective fuel cell stacks to participate in the reaction. The difference lies in that, after distribution, the fuel gas enters the fuel cell stacks of the first and second pore groups for reaction, while the air, after distribution, first enters the fuel cell stack of the first pore group for reaction, then gathers and is distributed again to the fuel cell stack of the second pore group for reaction.

[0055] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, the first flow channel plate 2 includes a first frame 21, which has a symmetrical U-shaped structure relative to the short side centerline of the top plate 1. Multiple baffles are set inside the first frame 21 to divide the interior of the first frame 21 into fuel flow channels. It also includes a second fuel flow channel 23 located in the middle, which also has a U-shaped structure relative to the short side centerline of the top plate 1. The advantage of this structure is that it can simultaneously collect the fuel exhaust gas entering the second fuel flow channel 23 through the fuel gas outlet holes of the first and second air hole groups.

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, two first fuel flow channels 24 are symmetrically arranged relative to the second fuel flow channel 23. Between the first fuel flow channel 24 and the second fuel flow channel 23, there is a perforated groove, an air inlet groove 25, and an air outlet groove 26. The top surface of the air inlet groove 25 is connected to an air inlet pipe, and the top surface of the air outlet groove 26 is connected to an air outlet pipe.

[0057] like Figure 5 As shown, the baffles on both sides of the hollow groove are set at a certain angle, so that the first fuel gas flow channel 24 below the fuel gas inlet is at a certain angle, so that the first fuel gas flow channel 24 gradually narrows from the air intake direction; so that the flow velocity of each fuel gas inlet corresponding to the first fuel gas flow channel 24 is consistent, thereby achieving uniform gas distribution.

[0058] like Figure 5As shown, a number of air pipes 22 are also provided on the first frame 21; the number, diameter and position of the air pipes 22 correspond to the air inlet or air outlet on the top plate 1; and are used to connect the air inlet or air outlet.

[0059] like Figure 1 , Figure 8 As shown, the function of the baffle 3 is to block the bottom of the first flow channel plate 2 and the top of the second flow channel plate 4, but it also needs to ensure the connection between the second flow channel plate 4 and the top plate 1. Figure 8 As shown, the partition 3 is provided with a number of air holes 31; the number, diameter and position of the air holes 31 correspond to the air inlet or air outlet on the top plate 1; the air holes 31 are connected to the air pipe 22 to form an air branch, the upper end of the air branch is connected to the air inlet or air outlet, and the lower end is connected to the air flow channel.

[0060] like Figure 8 As shown, the partition 3 is also provided with air inlet slot holes 32 and air outlet slot holes 33, which correspond to the positions and sizes of the air inlet slot 25 and air outlet slot 26. The bottom of the air inlet slot holes 32 and air outlet slot holes 33 are connected to the air flow channel, and the tops are connected to the air inlet pipe 13 and air outlet pipe 14 respectively through the air inlet slot 25 and air outlet slot 26.

[0061] It is easy to understand that by setting up structures such as air branch, air inlet slot 32, air outlet slot 33, air inlet slot 25, and air outlet slot 26, air and fuel gas can be distributed and flow separately in the air flow channel and the fuel flow channel without interfering with each other.

[0062] Specifically, such as Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 Air intake pipe 13 is connected to air intake slot 25, air intake slot hole 32, and first air flow channel 41. The first air flow channel 41 is connected to air intake hole or air outlet hole through air branch. Air outlet pipe 14 is connected to air outlet slot 26, air outlet slot hole 33, and third air flow channel 43. The third air flow channel 43 is connected to air intake hole or air outlet hole through air branch.

[0063] like Figure 8 As shown, the partition plate 3 also has perforated holes, which are consistent with the position, diameter and shape of the perforated groove on the first flow channel plate 2.

[0064] like Figure 4As shown, the second flow channel plate 4 includes a second frame, and the interior of the second frame is divided into air flow channels by baffles. The second air flow channel 42 is also a U-shaped structure, and the third air flow channel 43 is located between the second air flow channels 42. The reason for this arrangement is to enable the second air flow channels 42 to connect the air outlet of the first air hole group and the air inlet of the second air hole group.

[0065] like Figure 4 As shown, the second frame edge is provided with air distribution holes 44, the number, position, and diameter of which are consistent with those of the air inlet or air outlet. The air distribution holes are semi-circular and communicate with the first air channel 41, the second air channel 42, or the third air channel 43. Furthermore, the top of the air distribution hole 44 is connected to an air branch, i.e., to an air hole 31. That is, the first air channel 41, the second air channel 42, or the third air channel 43 are connected to the air inlet or air outlet through the air distribution hole 44.

[0066] like Figure 4 As shown, the second flow channel plate 4 also includes a corresponding hollow groove. The baffles on both sides of the hollow groove are set at a certain angle, so that the first air flow channel and the second air flow channel below the air inlet are at a certain angle, so that the first air flow channel and the section of the second air flow channel below the air inlet gradually narrow from the air intake direction; so that the flow velocity of each corresponding air inlet is consistent, thereby achieving uniform gas distribution.

[0067] like Figure 1 , Figure 9 As shown, the function of the base plate 5 is to block the bottom of the second flow channel plate 4, so only a hollow groove is opened on the base plate 5.

[0068] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a fuel gas inlet pipe hole 121 is provided on the top plate 1 for connecting the fuel gas inlet pipe 11. An air inlet pipe hole 131 and an air outlet pipe hole 141 are provided on both sides of the fuel gas inlet pipe hole 121 for connecting the air inlet pipe 13 and the air outlet pipe 14, respectively. A fuel gas inlet pipe hole 111 is provided on each side of the air inlet pipe hole 131 and the air outlet pipe hole 141 that are far apart from each other for connecting the fuel gas inlet pipe 11.

[0069] In this embodiment, the top plate 1, the first flow channel plate 2, the partition plate 3, the second flow channel plate 4, and the bottom plate 5 are integrally formed by brazing or diffusion welding to form a fuel flow channel and an air flow channel, so that the two gases are evenly distributed in different channels; at the same time, the air can be connected in series.

[0070] Although the specific embodiments of the present utility model have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solution of the present utility model are still within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An air-tandem gas distribution device, characterized in that, It includes a top plate, a first flow channel plate, a partition plate, a second flow channel plate, and a bottom plate that are fixedly connected in sequence; the first flow channel plate is provided with a fuel flow channel, and the second flow channel plate is provided with an air flow channel; The fuel gas outlet pipe is fixed along the centerline of the short side of the top surface of the top plate. Air inlet pipes and air outlet pipes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fuel gas outlet pipe. The top surface of the top plate is also provided with a first group of air holes and a second group of air holes symmetrically arranged relative to the centerline of the short side. Each group of air holes includes several sets of air holes for connecting to the air holes at the bottom of the fuel cell stack. Each set of air holes includes an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole. The air outlet hole is located close to the centerline of the short side, and the air inlet hole is located away from the centerline of the short side. The airflow channel includes a first airflow channel connecting the air intake pipe and the air intake port of the first air hole group, a second airflow channel connecting the air outlet port of the first air hole group and the air intake port of the second air hole group, and a third airflow channel connecting the air outlet pipe and the air intake port of the second air hole group.

2. The air-tandem gas distribution device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the air vent groups also includes a fuel gas inlet and a fuel gas outlet disposed between the air inlet and the air outlet; a fuel gas inlet pipe is provided on the side of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe that are far apart from each other.

3. The air-tandem gas distribution device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The fuel flow channel includes a second fuel flow channel and two first fuel flow channels symmetrically arranged relative to the second fuel flow channel; the second fuel flow channel connects the fuel gas outlet of the first vent group and the second vent group, as well as the fuel gas outlet pipe; the first fuel flow channel connects the fuel gas inlet of the first vent group or the second vent group, as well as the fuel gas inlet pipe.

4. The air-tandem gas distribution device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first flow channel plate includes a first frame, which has a symmetrical U-shaped structure relative to the short side centerline of the top plate. Multiple baffles are provided inside the first frame to divide the first frame into fuel flow channels, including a second fuel flow channel with a symmetrical U-shaped structure. The first frame is provided with air pipes whose number, diameter, and position correspond to air inlets or air outlets, and the top of the air pipes is connected to the air inlets or air outlets.

5. The air-tandem gas distribution device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Between the first fuel flow channel and the second fuel flow channel, there are also air inlet slots and air outlet slots symmetrically arranged relative to the second fuel flow channel.

6. The air-tandem gas distribution device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The partition is provided with air inlet slots and air outlet slots corresponding to the air inlet slots and air outlet slots; and air holes with the same number, diameter and position as the air inlet or air outlet holes. The air holes are connected to the air pipes and form air branches.

7. The air-tandem gas distribution device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second flow channel plate includes a second frame, and the air flow channel is separated inside the second frame by a baffle. The second air flow channel has a U-shaped structure, and the third air flow channel is located between the second air flow channels.

8. An air-tandem gas distribution device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The second frame edge is provided with air distribution holes whose number, position, and diameter are consistent with those of the air inlet or air outlet holes.

9. An air-tandem gas distribution device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The air distribution hole is a semi-circular hole, which is connected to the first air flow channel, the second air flow channel, or the third air flow channel; the top of the air distribution hole is connected to the air branch.

10. An air-tandem gas distribution device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The air intake pipe is connected to the first air flow channel through an air intake slot and an air intake slot hole; the air outlet pipe is connected to the third air flow channel through an air outlet slot and an air outlet slot hole.

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