Fuel cell systems and vehicles

Abstract

This disclosure relates to a fuel cell system and vehicle, belonging to the field of fuel cells. The system includes: a hydrogen storage tank and a radiator connected to a fuel cell stack; an exhaust pipeline including a gas-liquid separator connected to a water tank for separating the gas and liquid in the exhaust generated by the fuel cell stack and then transporting liquid water to the water tank; a heat exchange pipeline including a multi-port valve and a heat exchanger; a first port of the multi-port valve connected to the fuel cell stack and a second port connected to the radiator for cooling the circulating fluid of the fuel cell stack when the first and second ports are open; and a heat exchanger connected to the water tank and the fuel cell stack, wherein a third port of the multi-port valve is connected to the heat exchanger for heat exchange between the circulating fluid and the water in the water tank when the first and third ports are open. Collecting the liquid water generated by the fuel cell stack exhaust in the water tank reduces the "white smoke" produced by the exhaust vapor in cold weather or its freezing on the ground, thus reducing the risk to road safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of fuel cells, and more specifically, to a fuel cell system and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] During long-distance long-haul transportation, fuel cell vehicles are primarily powered by electrical energy generated by the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell. The exhaust components of the fuel cell after it has been working mainly include a large amount of water vapor, liquid water, and some other gases (such as nitrogen, and sometimes small amounts of oxygen and unreacted hydrogen). When the water vapor is cooled at low temperatures, it will condense into visible "white smoke" and liquid water. A large amount of uncondensed "white smoke" drifts upwards and affects the driving of vehicles behind. The condensed liquid water flows onto the ground and can easily make the ground slippery or even form ice, causing safety accidents. Utility Model Content

[0003] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, this disclosure provides a fuel cell system and vehicle.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a fuel cell system is provided, the system comprising: a hydrogen storage tank, a fuel cell stack, an exhaust pipe, a water tank, a heat exchange pipe, and a radiator;

[0005] The hydrogen storage cylinder is connected to the fuel cell stack and is used to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell stack;

[0006] The radiator is connected to the fuel cell stack and is used to dissipate heat from the circulating liquid of the fuel cell stack.

[0007] The tailpipeline includes a gas-liquid separator, which is connected to the water storage tank. The gas-liquid separator is used to separate the gas and liquid in the tailpipe generated by the fuel cell stack and transport the separated liquid water to the water storage tank.

[0008] The heat exchange pipeline includes a multi-way valve and a heat exchanger;

[0009] The first port of the multi-way valve is connected to the fuel cell stack, and the second port of the multi-way valve is connected to the radiator. The multi-way valve is used to dissipate heat from the circulating liquid of the fuel cell stack when the first port and the second port are open.

[0010] The heat exchanger is connected to the water storage tank and the fuel cell stack respectively. The third port of the multi-way valve is connected to the heat exchanger and is used to exchange heat between the circulating liquid of the fuel cell stack and the water in the water storage tank when the first port and the third port are open.

[0011] Optionally, the system further includes an overflow valve, and the water tank includes a level sensor;

[0012] The liquid level sensor is used to detect the liquid level value in the water storage tank, and the overflow valve is used to open the overflow valve when the liquid level value detected by the liquid level sensor is greater than the liquid level threshold of the water storage tank.

[0013] Optionally, the overflow valve is installed on the pipeline between the gas-liquid separator and the water storage tank, or the overflow valve is installed on the water storage tank.

[0014] Optionally, the system further includes: a water supply pipeline;

[0015] The water supply pipeline is connected to the water storage tank;

[0016] The water supply pipeline includes a solenoid valve and a water spraying device. The solenoid valve is connected to the water spraying device, which is located at a designated position around the hydrogen storage cylinder. The solenoid valve is used to control the water output of the water spraying device.

[0017] Optionally, the hydrogen storage cylinder includes: a first temperature sensor;

[0018] The first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the hydrogen storage cylinder. When the temperature of the hydrogen cylinder is greater than the hydrogen cylinder temperature threshold, the solenoid valve is opened so that the water spraying device discharges water to reduce the temperature of the hydrogen cylinder.

[0019] Optionally, the hydrogen storage cylinder includes: a concentration sensor;

[0020] The concentration sensor is used to detect the hydrogen leakage concentration when hydrogen leakage occurs in the hydrogen storage cylinder. When the hydrogen leakage concentration is greater than the hydrogen leakage concentration threshold, the solenoid valve is opened so that the water spraying device can reduce the hydrogen leakage concentration.

[0021] Optionally, the water supply pipeline further includes: a water purification device and a manual valve;

[0022] The water purification device and the manual valve are sequentially installed on the water supply pipeline. The water purification device is used to purify the water in the water storage tank, and the manual valve is used to provide domestic water.

[0023] Optionally, the water storage tank further includes: a second temperature sensor;

[0024] The second temperature sensor is used to detect the water temperature of the water tank. When the water temperature is lower than the user's required temperature, the first and third ports of the multi-way valve are opened to exchange heat between the circulating liquid of the fuel cell stack and the water in the water tank, so that the water temperature in the water tank reaches the user's required temperature.

[0025] Optionally, the system further includes: a tailpipe valve,

[0026] The tailpipe valve is connected to the fuel cell stack and the tailpipe line respectively, and is used to discharge unreacted hydrogen in the tailpipe line of the fuel cell stack through the tailpipe line.

[0027] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a vehicle is provided, the vehicle including the fuel cell system described in the first aspect of the present disclosure.

[0028] According to the above technical solution, the fuel cell system includes: a hydrogen storage tank, a fuel cell stack, an exhaust pipe, a water tank, a heat exchange pipe, and a radiator; the hydrogen storage tank is connected to the fuel cell stack and is used to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell stack; the radiator is connected to the fuel cell stack and is used to dissipate heat from the circulating liquid of the fuel cell stack; the exhaust pipe includes a gas-liquid separator, which is connected to the water tank, and the gas-liquid separator is used to separate the gas and liquid in the exhaust generated by the fuel cell stack and transport the separated liquid water to the water tank. The system includes a water storage tank and a heat exchange pipeline comprising a multi-way valve and a heat exchanger. The first port of the multi-way valve is connected to the fuel cell stack, and the second port is connected to the radiator. The multi-way valve is used to dissipate heat from the circulating fluid of the fuel cell stack when both the first and second ports are open. The heat exchanger is connected to both the water storage tank and the fuel cell stack. The third port of the multi-way valve is connected to the heat exchanger and is used to exchange heat between the circulating fluid of the fuel cell stack and the water in the water storage tank when both the first and third ports are open. Collecting the liquid water generated by the fuel cell exhaust in the water storage tank reduces the "white smoke" produced by the exhaust vapor in cold weather and prevents the liquid water in the exhaust from condensing into ice on the ground, thus reducing the risk to road safety.

[0029] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present disclosure and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0034] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0038] 110-Hydrogen storage cylinder, 111-First temperature sensor, 112-Concentration sensor, 113-First pressure reducing valve, 114-Tail exhaust valve, 115-Circulation pump, 120-Fuel cell stack, 121-Radiator, 130-Tail exhaust pipeline, 131-Gas-liquid separator, 132-Second pressure reducing valve, 133-Condenser, 140-Water storage tank, 141-Overflow valve, 142-Level sensor, 143-Second temperature sensor, 150-Heat exchange pipeline, 151-Multi-port valve, 152-Heat exchanger, 160-Water supply pipeline, 161-Solenoid valve, 162-Spray device, 163-Water purification device, 164-Manual valve, 170-Air compressor. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0040] It should be noted that all actions involving the acquisition of signals, information, or data in this disclosure are carried out in compliance with the relevant data protection laws and policies of the country where the location is situated, and with authorization from the owner of the relevant device.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes: a hydrogen storage tank 110, a fuel cell stack 120, an exhaust pipe 130, a water tank 140, a heat exchange pipe 150, and a radiator 121;

[0042] The hydrogen storage cylinder 110 is connected to the fuel cell stack 120 and is used to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell stack 120;

[0043] The radiator 121 is connected to the fuel cell stack 120 and is used to dissipate heat from the circulating liquid in the fuel cell stack 120.

[0044] The tailpipe 130 includes a gas-liquid separator 131, which is connected to the water tank 140. The gas-liquid separator 131 is used to separate the gas and liquid in the tailpipe generated by the fuel cell stack 120 and transport the separated liquid water to the water tank 140.

[0045] The heat exchange pipeline 150 includes a multi-way valve 151 and a heat exchanger 152;

[0046] The first port of the multi-way valve 151 is connected to the fuel cell stack 120, and the second port of the multi-way valve 151 is connected to the radiator 121. The multi-way valve 151 is used to dissipate heat from the circulating liquid of the fuel cell stack 120 when the first port and the second port are open.

[0047] The heat exchanger 152 is connected to the water storage tank 140 and the fuel cell stack 120 respectively. The third port of the multi-way valve 151 is connected to the heat exchanger 152 and is used to exchange heat between the circulating liquid of the fuel cell stack 120 and the water in the water storage tank 140 when the first port and the third port are open.

[0048] Optionally, the fuel cell system further includes an air compressor 170 connected to the fuel cell stack 120 for supplying air to the fuel cell stack 120.

[0049] For example, since the exhaust pipe 130 of the fuel cell system includes a gas-liquid separator 131, and the gas-liquid separator 131 is connected to the water tank 140, the exhaust of the fuel cell stack 120 can be gas-liquid separated, and the separated liquid water can be collected into the water tank 140. Therefore, by collecting the liquid water in the exhaust of the fuel cell stack 120, the large amount of "white smoke" generated by the excessively hot water vapor in the exhaust in cold weather can be reduced, as well as the possibility of the liquid water in the exhaust condensing into ice on the ground can be reduced, thereby reducing the risk to road driving safety.

[0050] Optionally, the system may also include a first pressure reducing valve 113, which is used to connect the fuel cell stack 120 and the hydrogen storage tank 110, and to reduce the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen delivered from the hydrogen storage tank 110 to the fuel cell stack 120.

[0051] The tailpipe 130 may also include a second pressure reducing valve 132 and a condenser 133. The second pressure reducing valve 132, the condenser 133 and the gas-liquid separator 131 are sequentially arranged on the tailpipe 130. The second pressure reducing valve 132 is used to reduce the pressure of the high temperature and high pressure tailpipe of the fuel cell stack 120. The condenser 133 is used to liquefy the gas-liquid two-phase water in the tailpipe and transport the liquefied gas-liquid two-phase water to the gas-liquid separator 131 so that the liquid water can be separated by the gas-liquid separator 131 and collected into the water storage tank 140.

[0052] Exemplarily, in one possible embodiment, in such a way Figure 1 In the fuel cell system shown, air can enter the cathode side of the fuel cell stack 120 via the air compressor 170. Hydrogen gas in the hydrogen storage tank 110 enters the anode side of the fuel cell stack 120 after passing through the first pressure reducing valve 113. Hydrogen gas and oxygen gas from the air are respectively transported to the anode chamber and cathode chamber of the fuel cell stack 120 through pipelines. In the anode chamber, hydrogen gas can undergo an oxidation reaction (H2=2H2O) under the action of a catalyst. + +2e - In the cathode chamber, oxygen combines with protons and electrons under the action of a catalyst to generate water. The fuel cell stack 120 can generate electricity to power the vehicle during the above reaction process. It is understood that since the reaction of the fuel cell stack 120 releases a large amount of heat, in order to prevent the fuel cell stack 120 from overheating and affecting the stack's operation, a coolant is needed to cool the fuel cell stack 120. At this time, when the coolant temperature rises, it can be cooled by the radiator 121. In addition, when the fuel cell stack 120 is fully reacted, the exhaust of the fuel cell stack 120 usually contains high-temperature and high-pressure gas-liquid two-phase water. At this time, the exhaust can be separated into gas and liquid by the second pressure reducing valve 132, condenser 133 and gas-liquid separator 131 in the exhaust pipe 130, and the gaseous water in the exhaust is collected into the water tank 140, and the gas in the exhaust is discharged into the atmosphere. In addition, the heat exchanger 152 is connected to the water storage tank 140 and the fuel cell stack 120 respectively, so that the circulating liquid of the fuel cell stack 120 and the water in the water storage tank 140 can be exchanged to heat the water in the water storage tank 140.

[0053] According to the above technical solution, the fuel cell system includes: a hydrogen storage tank, a fuel cell stack, an exhaust pipe, a water tank, a heat exchange pipe, and a radiator; the hydrogen storage tank is connected to the fuel cell stack and is used to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell stack; the radiator is connected to the fuel cell stack and is used to dissipate heat from the circulating liquid of the fuel cell stack; the exhaust pipe includes a gas-liquid separator, which is connected to the water tank, and the gas-liquid separator is used to separate the gas and liquid in the exhaust generated by the fuel cell stack and transport the separated liquid water to the water tank. The system includes a water storage tank and a heat exchange pipeline comprising a multi-way valve and a heat exchanger. The first port of the multi-way valve is connected to the fuel cell stack, and the second port is connected to the radiator. The multi-way valve is used to dissipate heat from the circulating fluid of the fuel cell stack when both the first and second ports are open. The heat exchanger is connected to both the water storage tank and the fuel cell stack. The third port of the multi-way valve is connected to the heat exchanger and is used to exchange heat between the circulating fluid of the fuel cell stack and the water in the water storage tank when both the first and third ports are open. Collecting the liquid water generated by the fuel cell exhaust in the water storage tank reduces the "white smoke" produced by the exhaust vapor in cold weather and prevents the liquid water in the exhaust from condensing into ice on the ground, thus reducing the risk to road safety.

[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 2 As shown, the water supply pipeline is 160.

[0055] The water supply pipeline 160 is connected to the water storage tank 140;

[0056] The water supply pipeline 160 includes a solenoid valve 161 and a water spraying device 162. The solenoid valve 161 is connected to the water spraying device 162, which is located at a designated position around the hydrogen storage cylinder 110. The solenoid valve 161 is used to control the water output of the water spraying device 162.

[0057] Optionally, the hydrogen storage cylinder 110 includes: a first temperature sensor 111;

[0058] The first temperature sensor 111 is used to detect the temperature of the hydrogen storage cylinder 110. When the temperature of the hydrogen cylinder is greater than the hydrogen cylinder temperature threshold, the solenoid valve 161 is opened so that the water spraying device 162 sprays water to reduce the temperature of the hydrogen cylinder.

[0059] Optionally, the hydrogen storage cylinder 110 includes: a concentration sensor 112;

[0060] The concentration sensor 112 is used to detect the hydrogen leakage concentration when hydrogen leakage occurs in the hydrogen storage cylinder 110. When the hydrogen leakage concentration is greater than the hydrogen leakage concentration threshold, the solenoid valve 161 is opened so that the water spraying device 162 discharges water to reduce the hydrogen leakage concentration.

[0061] For example, the water supply pipeline 160 includes a solenoid valve 161 and a water spraying device 162, which can be installed at a designated location around the hydrogen storage cylinder 110. The hydrogen storage cylinder 110 may also include a first temperature sensor 111 and a concentration sensor 112. For example, the designated location could be above or to the side of the hydrogen storage cylinder 110. Therefore, when the first temperature sensor 111 detects that the temperature of the hydrogen storage cylinder 110 is greater than a hydrogen cylinder temperature threshold, the solenoid valve 161 can be opened to lower the temperature of the hydrogen storage cylinder 110. Alternatively, when the concentration sensor 112 detects that the hydrogen leakage concentration is too high, the solenoid valve 161 can be opened to allow the water spraying device 162 to spray water onto the hydrogen storage cylinder 110, thereby reducing the concentration of leaked hydrogen. This can prevent problems such as fire, explosion, and environmental pollution caused by excessively high temperature of the hydrogen storage cylinder 110 or excessively high hydrogen leakage concentration. Furthermore, in one possible embodiment, the solenoid valve 161 can be an adjustable-opening solenoid valve, allowing the opening degree of the solenoid valve 161 to be determined based on the temperature range of the hydrogen cylinder or the concentration range of the hydrogen leakage concentration. For example, when the hydrogen cylinder temperature is within a first preset temperature range, the opening degree of the solenoid valve 161 is controlled to be a first opening degree; when the hydrogen cylinder temperature is within a second preset temperature range, the opening degree of the solenoid valve 161 is controlled to be a second opening degree, wherein the first preset temperature range is smaller than the second preset temperature range, and the first opening degree is smaller than the second opening degree. Additionally, the opening degree of the solenoid valve can be proportionally adjusted based on the temperature.

[0062] Alternatively, when the hydrogen leakage concentration is within a first preset concentration range, the opening degree of the solenoid valve 161 is controlled to a third opening degree; when the hydrogen leakage concentration is within a second preset concentration range, the opening degree of the solenoid valve 161 is controlled to a fourth opening degree, wherein the first preset concentration range is smaller than the second preset concentration range, and the third opening degree is smaller than the fourth opening degree.

[0063] Alternatively, when the hydrogen cylinder temperature is greater than the hydrogen cylinder temperature threshold and the hydrogen leakage concentration is greater than the hydrogen leakage concentration threshold, the fifth opening degree of the solenoid valve 161 can be determined based on the hydrogen cylinder temperature, and the sixth opening degree of the solenoid valve 161 can be determined based on the hydrogen leakage concentration. The maximum value of the fifth and sixth opening degrees can be used as the target opening degree of the solenoid valve 161.

[0064] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 3 As shown, the water supply pipeline 160 also includes: a water purification device 163 and a manual valve 164;

[0065] The water purification device 163 and the manual valve 164 are sequentially installed on the water supply pipeline 160. The water purification device 163 is used to purify the water in the water storage tank 140, and the manual valve 164 is used to provide domestic water.

[0066] For example, the water purification device 163 can purify the water in the water tank 140, providing clean drinking water to the driver when the driver opens the manual valve 164, or providing emergency rescue water to the vehicle when it catches fire.

[0067] Optionally, the water tank 140 also includes a second temperature sensor 143;

[0068] The second temperature sensor 143 is used to detect the water temperature of the water tank 140. When the water temperature is lower than the user's required temperature, the first and third ports of the multi-port valve 151 are opened to exchange heat between the circulating liquid of the fuel cell stack 120 and the water in the water tank 140, so that the water temperature in the water tank 140 reaches the user's required temperature.

[0069] For example, in a low-temperature environment, the water in the water tank 140 may freeze, or the vehicle driver may need hot water. Therefore, the water tank temperature of the water tank 140 can be detected by the second temperature sensor 143, and the multi-way valve 151 can be controlled according to the water tank temperature and the user's required temperature. When the water tank temperature is lower than the user's required temperature, the first and third ports of the multi-way valve can be opened to exchange heat between the circulating fluid of the fuel cell stack 120 and the water in the water tank 140, thereby heating the water in the water tank 140; or When the water tank temperature reaches the user's required temperature, the first and second ports of the multi-way valve 151 are opened to dissipate heat from the circulating fluid of the fuel cell stack 120 through the radiator 121; or, when the water tank temperature reaches the user's required temperature, in order to rapidly reduce the water tank temperature in a cold environment, the third port is frequently opened or closed. The first, second, and third ports of the multi-way valve 151 can be opened simultaneously to exchange heat with the water in the storage tank 140 through a portion of the circulating fluid, thereby maintaining the water tank temperature.

[0070] Optionally, the system also includes an overflow valve 141, and the water tank 140 includes a level sensor 142;

[0071] The liquid level sensor 142 is used to detect the liquid level value of the water in the water storage tank 140, and the overflow valve 141 is used to open the overflow valve 141 when the liquid level value detected by the liquid level sensor 142 is greater than the liquid level threshold of the water storage tank 140.

[0072] Optionally, the overflow valve 141 is installed on the pipeline between the gas-liquid separator 131 and the water storage tank 140, or the overflow valve 141 is installed on the water storage tank 140.

[0073] For example, since the water storage tank 140 has a limited capacity, if the water in the water storage tank 140 is not used for a long time, the water storage tank 140 may not be able to continue collecting water from the tail drain. Therefore, when the liquid level value detected by the liquid level sensor 142 is greater than the liquid level threshold of the water storage tank 140, the overflow valve 141 can be used to control the water in the water storage tank 140 to flow out, or the overflow valve 141 can be used to control the water in the tail drain pipe 130 to no longer enter the water storage tank 140. For example, as Figure 4 As shown, the overflow valve 141 can be installed on the pipeline between the gas-liquid separator 131 and the water storage tank 140. When the liquid level detected by the liquid level sensor 142 is greater than the liquid level threshold of the water storage tank 140, the overflow valve 141 can be closed to allow water in the tailpipe 130 to be discharged through the tailpipe 130 and no longer enter the water storage tank 140. This disclosure does not limit the location of the overflow valve 141 on the pipeline. For example, as... Figure 5 As shown, the overflow valve 141 can be installed on the water storage tank 140. When the liquid level value detected by the liquid level sensor 142 is greater than the liquid level threshold of the water storage tank 140, the overflow valve 141 can be opened to control the water in the water storage tank 140 to flow out. The water in the tail drain pipe 130 still enters the water storage tank 140. It can be understood that by installing the overflow valve 141 on the water storage tank 140, the problem of impurities settling and poor water quality in the water can be avoided when the overflow valve 141 is installed on the pipe between the gas-liquid separator 131 and the water storage tank 140, and the tail drain no longer enters the water storage tank 140, and the water in the water storage tank 140 has not been used for a long time. The present disclosure does not limit the position of the overflow valve 141 on the water storage tank 140.

[0074] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 6 As shown, the system also includes: a tailpipe valve 114.

[0075] The tail valve 114 is connected to the fuel cell stack 120 and the tail pipe 130 respectively, and is used to discharge the unreacted hydrogen in the tail of the fuel cell stack 120 through the tail pipe 130.

[0076] For example, there may be a problem that hydrogen does not react completely in the fuel cell stack 120. In this case, the unreacted hydrogen can be re-entered into the fuel cell stack 120 through the circulation pump 115. Alternatively, when the exhaust valve 114 is open, it can be transported to the exhaust pipeline through the exhaust valve 114 and react with the oxygen in the exhaust pipeline to generate water. The water enters the condenser 133 in the form of a two-phase gas-liquid mixture of water vapor and condensate. After the condenser 133 condenses the two-phase water, the water vapor in the gas phase becomes liquid water in the liquid phase. After being separated by the gas-liquid separator 131, it forms a two-phase gas-liquid mixture. Other exhaust gases in the gas phase (such as nitrogen, air, and a small amount of hydrogen) are discharged to the atmosphere through the exhaust pipe. The liquid water in the liquid phase enters the water storage tank 140 through the pipeline. This can reduce the generation of a large amount of white smoke and icing in cold weather, thereby reducing driving safety hazards.

[0077] According to the above technical solution, the fuel cell system includes: a hydrogen storage tank, a fuel cell stack, an exhaust pipe, a water tank, a heat exchange pipe, and a radiator; the hydrogen storage tank is connected to the fuel cell stack and is used to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell stack; the radiator is connected to the fuel cell stack and is used to dissipate heat from the circulating liquid of the fuel cell stack; the exhaust pipe includes a gas-liquid separator, which is connected to the water tank, and the gas-liquid separator is used to separate the gas and liquid in the exhaust generated by the fuel cell stack and transport the separated liquid water to the water tank. The system includes a water storage tank and a heat exchange pipeline comprising a multi-way valve and a heat exchanger. The first port of the multi-way valve is connected to the fuel cell stack, and the second port is connected to the radiator. The multi-way valve is used to dissipate heat from the circulating fluid of the fuel cell stack when both the first and second ports are open. The heat exchanger is connected to both the water storage tank and the fuel cell stack. The third port of the multi-way valve is connected to the heat exchanger and is used to exchange heat between the circulating fluid of the fuel cell stack and the water in the water storage tank when both the first and third ports are open. Collecting the liquid water generated by the fuel cell exhaust in the water storage tank reduces the "white smoke" produced by the exhaust vapor in cold weather and prevents the liquid water in the exhaust from condensing into ice on the ground, thus reducing the risk to road safety.

[0078] In another exemplary embodiment, a vehicle is also provided, which includes the fuel cell system described in the above embodiments.

[0079] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0080] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0081] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A fuel cell system characterized by comprising: The system includes: a hydrogen storage tank (110), a fuel cell stack (120), a tailpipe (130), a water tank (140), a heat exchange pipe (150), and a radiator (121). The hydrogen storage cylinder (110) is connected to the fuel cell stack (120) and is used to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell stack (120); The radiator (121) is connected to the fuel cell stack (120) and is used to dissipate heat from the circulating liquid of the fuel cell stack (120); The tailpipe (130) includes a gas-liquid separator (131), which is connected to the water tank (140). The gas-liquid separator (131) is used to separate the gas and liquid from the tailpipe generated by the fuel cell stack (120) and transport the separated liquid water to the water tank (140). The heat exchange pipeline (150) includes a multi-way valve (151) and a heat exchanger (152). The first port of the multi-way valve (151) is connected to the fuel cell stack (120), and the second port of the multi-way valve (151) is connected to the radiator (121). The multi-way valve (151) is used to dissipate heat from the circulating liquid of the fuel cell stack (120) when the first port and the second port are open. The heat exchanger (152) is connected to the water storage tank (140) and the fuel cell stack (120) respectively. The third port of the multi-way valve (151) is connected to the heat exchanger (152) and is used to exchange heat between the circulating liquid of the fuel cell stack (120) and the water in the water storage tank (140) when the first port and the third port are open.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein, The system also includes an overflow valve (141), and the water tank (140) includes a level sensor (142). The liquid level sensor (142) is used to detect the liquid level value of the water in the water storage tank (140), and the overflow valve (141) is used to open the overflow valve (141) when the liquid level value detected by the liquid level sensor (142) is greater than the liquid level threshold of the water storage tank (140).

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The overflow valve (141) is located on the pipeline between the gas-liquid separator (131) and the water storage tank (140), or the overflow valve (141) is located on the water storage tank (140).

4. The system of claim 1, wherein, The system also includes: a water supply pipeline (160). The water supply pipeline (160) is connected to the water storage tank (140); The water supply pipeline (160) includes a solenoid valve (161) and a water spraying device (162). The solenoid valve (161) is connected to the water spraying device (162). The water spraying device (162) is located at a designated position around the hydrogen storage cylinder (110). The solenoid valve (161) is used to control the water output of the water spraying device (162).

5. The system of claim 4, wherein, The hydrogen storage cylinder (110) includes: a first temperature sensor (111); The first temperature sensor (111) is used to detect the temperature of the hydrogen storage cylinder (110). When the temperature of the hydrogen cylinder is greater than the hydrogen cylinder temperature threshold, the solenoid valve (161) is opened so that the water spraying device (162) sprays water to reduce the temperature of the hydrogen cylinder.

6. The system of claim 4, wherein, The hydrogen storage cylinder (110) includes: a concentration sensor (112); The concentration sensor (112) is used to detect the hydrogen leakage concentration when hydrogen leakage occurs in the hydrogen storage cylinder (110), and to open the solenoid valve (161) when the hydrogen leakage concentration is greater than the hydrogen leakage concentration threshold, so that the water spraying device (162) discharges water to reduce the hydrogen leakage concentration.

7. The system of claim 4, wherein, The water supply pipeline (160) also includes: a water purification device (163) and a manual valve (164). The water purification device (163) and the manual valve (164) are sequentially installed on the water supply pipeline (160). The water purification device (163) is used to purify the water in the water storage tank (140), and the manual valve (164) is used to provide domestic water.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein, The water storage tank (140) also includes: a second temperature sensor (143); The second temperature sensor (143) is used to detect the water temperature of the water tank (140). When the water temperature is lower than the user's required temperature, the first and third ports of the multi-port valve (151) are opened to exchange heat between the circulating liquid of the fuel cell stack (120) and the water in the water tank (140) so that the water temperature in the water tank (140) reaches the user's required temperature.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein, The system also includes: a tailpipe valve (114). The tailpipe valve (114) is connected to the fuel cell stack (120) and the tailpipe line (130) respectively, and is used to discharge the unreacted hydrogen in the tailpipe of the fuel cell stack (120) through the tailpipe line (130).

10. A vehicle comprising the fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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