Battery cover plate and single battery

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of battery technology and discloses a battery cover and a single battery cell. The battery cover includes a cover body and a fire extinguishing structure. The cover body has an explosion-proof chamber that communicates with the inside of the battery, and the outer wall of the explosion-proof chamber has explosion-proof markings. The fire extinguishing structure is disposed in the explosion-proof chamber and is limitedly connected to the inner wall of the explosion-proof chamber. The fire extinguishing structure can be heated and melted, detached from the inner wall of the explosion-proof chamber, and fall into the battery to extinguish a fire. This battery cover can extinguish a fire inside the battery in advance and provide explosion-proof pressure relief, thereby improving the safety of the single battery cell with the battery cover installed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery cover and a single battery cell. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid growth of the new energy vehicle market, the application of lithium batteries is becoming increasingly widespread. However, thermal runaway is one of the most dangerous failure modes of lithium batteries. Thermal runaway is a phenomenon in which the internal chemical reaction of a lithium battery becomes uncontrolled under extreme conditions (such as high temperature, short circuit, external impact, etc.). Once the internal temperature reaches a certain level, it can cause the battery to catch fire, explode, and release toxic gases, posing a serious safety hazard.

[0003] Currently, traditional power battery top covers are equipped with explosion-proof valve safety devices. When the battery experiences thermal runaway (uncontrollable internal chemical reactions), although the explosion-proof valve can release pressure, it cannot prevent the energy released by chain reactions such as electrolyte vaporization and positive electrode material oxidation. At this point, the battery may have already entered a violent combustion stage, and the explosion-proof valve's role is limited to preventing explosive rupture. If thermal runaway is not controlled in time, the battery may still experience violent reactions.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a battery cover and a single battery cell to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] One objective of this invention is to provide a battery cover that can pre-extinguish internal fires and provide explosion-proof pressure relief, thereby improving its safety.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] Battery cover, including:

[0008] The cover plate body is provided with an explosion-proof chamber, which is connected to the inside of the battery, and the outer wall of the explosion-proof chamber is provided with explosion-proof markings.

[0009] The fire extinguishing structure is disposed in the explosion-proof chamber and is limitedly connected to the inner wall of the explosion-proof chamber. The fire extinguishing structure can be heated and melted to detach from the inner wall of the explosion-proof chamber and fall into the battery to extinguish the fire.

[0010] Optionally, the inner wall of the explosion-proof chamber is provided with a slot, and the fire extinguishing structure is provided with a protrusion, with the slot and the protrusion cooperating with each other.

[0011] Optionally, multiple slots and protrusions are provided in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0012] Optionally, the aforementioned card slot is offset from the aforementioned explosion-proof groove.

[0013] Optionally, the aforementioned explosion-proof grooves are formed on the circumferential outer wall of the aforementioned explosion-proof chamber.

[0014] Optionally, the above-mentioned fire extinguishing structure is a fire extinguishing gel.

[0015] Optionally, it also includes a lower insulating member, which is disposed on the side of the cover plate body facing the inside of the battery. The lower insulating member has a vent, which covers the explosion-proof chamber so that the fire extinguishing structure is in communication with the inside of the battery.

[0016] Optionally, the cover plate body is also provided with an injection hole for injecting electrolyte into the battery.

[0017] Optionally, it also includes a pole post, which is insulated and sealed through the cover plate body.

[0018] Another objective of this utility model is to provide a single battery, including a casing, a battery cell, and the aforementioned battery cover, wherein the battery cell is disposed inside the casing, and the battery cover is sealed to the opening of the casing.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0020] This invention provides a battery cover and a single battery cell. By incorporating an explosion-proof chamber on the cover body and a fire-extinguishing structure within the chamber, with explosion-proof grooves on the outer wall of the chamber, the following design ensures that in the event of thermal runaway within the battery, the increased internal temperature melts the fire-extinguishing structure, causing it to separate from the inner wall of the explosion-proof chamber. This allows the fire-extinguishing structure to fall into the battery and cover the fire source at the point of thermal runaway, isolating oxygen and thus extinguishing the fire. Furthermore, the sudden increase in internal pressure causes the explosion-proof chamber to break along the explosion-proof grooves, thereby releasing pressure within the battery. This dual design of fire extinguishing and explosion-proof structures significantly improves the safety of the battery cover and the single battery cell on which it is mounted. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the battery cover provided in a specific embodiment of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the battery cover provided in a specific embodiment of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 4 This is an isometric view of a single battery cell provided in a specific embodiment of this utility model.

[0025] In the picture:

[0026] 10. Cover plate body; 11. Explosion-proof chamber; 111. Slot; 12. Explosion-proof groove; 13. Injection hole;

[0027] 20. Fire extinguishing structure; 21. Protrusion;

[0028] 1. Shell. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, not the entire structure.

[0030] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0032] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0033] The following reference Figures 1 to 4 This invention introduces the battery cover and individual battery cells provided by this utility model.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3This embodiment provides a battery cover, which includes a cover body 10 and a fire extinguishing structure 20. The cover body 10 is provided with an explosion-proof chamber 11, which is connected to the inside of the battery. The outer wall of the explosion-proof chamber 11 is provided with explosion-proof grooves 12. The fire extinguishing structure 20 is disposed in the explosion-proof chamber 11 and is limitedly connected to the inner wall of the explosion-proof chamber 11. The fire extinguishing structure 20 can be heated and melted to detach from the inner wall of the explosion-proof chamber 11 and fall into the battery to extinguish the fire.

[0035] In this embodiment, the battery cover plate features an explosion-proof chamber 11 on its body 10, with a fire extinguishing structure 20 within the chamber. The outer wall of the explosion-proof chamber 11 also has explosion-proof notches 12. When thermal runaway occurs inside the battery, the internal temperature rises, melting the fire extinguishing structure 20 and causing it to separate from the inner wall of the explosion-proof chamber 11. This allows the fire extinguishing structure 20 to fall into the battery and cover the fire source at the point of thermal runaway, isolating oxygen and thus extinguishing the fire. Furthermore, the sudden increase in internal pressure causes the explosion-proof chamber 11 to break along the explosion-proof notches 12, thereby releasing pressure inside the battery. This dual design of fire extinguishing and explosion-proof structures significantly improves the safety of the battery cover plate and the individual battery cells on which it is mounted.

[0036] Furthermore, since the temperature rises faster than the pressure rises during thermal runaway, the fire extinguishing structure 20 will melt and extinguish the fire first, and then the explosion-proof notch 12 will disconnect to release pressure, thus isolating the thermal runaway site from oxygen before external oxygen enters, which greatly improves the safety of the battery cover and the individual battery cells on which the battery cover is installed.

[0037] Specifically, the explosion-proof chamber 11 is provided to protrude from the side of the cover plate body 10 facing the inside of the battery in a direction away from the inside of the battery, so as to form a shape with a groove on one side and a protrusion on the other side, that is, a protruding explosion-proof chamber 11.

[0038] Optionally, the explosion-proof chamber 11 and the cover plate body 10 are integrally stamped, which simplifies the processing technology and makes it easier to form and use the explosion-proof chamber 11.

[0039] Specifically, the inner wall of the explosion-proof chamber 11 is provided with a slot 111, and the fire extinguishing structure 20 is provided with a protrusion 21. The slot 111 and the protrusion 21 cooperate to limit the fire extinguishing structure 20. There are no other obstructing structures between the fire extinguishing structure 20 and the inside of the battery, which better realizes the function of the fire extinguishing structure 20 melting when heated and falling into the inside of the battery to extinguish the fire.

[0040] Furthermore, the fire extinguishing structure 20 is a fire extinguishing gel. By setting the fire extinguishing gel, it fills the explosion-proof chamber 11 when it is not in a solid state. After it solidifies, it automatically forms a protrusion 21 that matches the slot 111, thereby limiting the position of the fire extinguishing structure 20.

[0041] Optionally, the fire extinguishing gel may include materials such as fluorine, which can lower the temperature, isolate oxygen as much as possible, and prevent the generation of highly hazardous chemicals such as hydrogen fluoride, thereby improving battery safety.

[0042] Of course, in other embodiments, the fire extinguishing structure 20 may also be made of other fire extinguishing materials, which are not specifically limited here.

[0043] Optionally, both the protrusion 21 and the slot 111 can be annular or arc-shaped, both of which can achieve the function of limiting the movement of the two together. The specific design can be set according to actual needs.

[0044] As an optional embodiment, multiple slots 111 and protrusions 21 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence, which can further improve the limiting effect of the inner wall of the explosion-proof chamber 11 on the fire extinguishing structure 20. Specifically, multiple slots 111 and protrusions 21 are provided at intervals along the axial direction of the explosion-proof chamber 11 to form a multi-layer limiting effect.

[0045] Optionally, the slot 111 and the explosion-proof groove 12 are misaligned to avoid weak points in the cavity wall of the explosion-proof chamber 11, which could lead to deformation.

[0046] Furthermore, the explosion-proof notch 12 is formed on the circumferential outer wall of the explosion-proof chamber 11. This arrangement is because the circumferential outer wall is set at a certain angle to the cover plate body 10. Even if electrolyte splashes during the electrolyte injection of the individual battery on which the battery cover plate is installed, the splashed electrolyte will flow down the circumferential outer wall and will not leave any residue at the explosion-proof notch 12, thereby improving the reliability of the explosion-proof pressure relief of the battery cover plate.

[0047] Of course, the battery cover in this embodiment also includes a lower insulating member. The lower insulating member is disposed on the side of the cover body 10 facing the inside of the battery. The lower insulating member is provided with a vent, which covers the explosion-proof chamber 11 so that the fire extinguishing structure 20 is connected to the inside of the battery. This not only achieves insulation between the battery cover and the battery cell inside the battery, but also achieves communication between the explosion-proof chamber 11 and the fire extinguishing structure 20 and the inside of the battery.

[0048] Specifically, the venting section is provided with multiple through holes to allow the explosion-proof chamber 11 and the fire extinguishing structure 20 to be connected to the inside of the battery.

[0049] Furthermore, the cover plate body 10 is also provided with an injection hole 13, which is used to inject electrolyte into the battery. Of course, after the electrolyte injection is completed, the injection hole 13 will also be sealed to ensure that the battery is sealed.

[0050] In this embodiment, the battery cover also includes a terminal post, which is insulated and sealed through the cover body 10. One end of the terminal post is electrically connected to the battery cell inside the battery, and the other end is used for external electrical connection to realize the internal and external connection of the battery.

[0051] Specifically, one side of the electrode post is insulated from the cover plate body 10 by a lower insulating member. An upper insulating member is provided between the other side of the electrode post and the cover plate body 10 to achieve insulation between the other side of the electrode post and the cover plate body 10. Simultaneously, a sealing insulating member is provided between the through-hole of the electrode post in the cover plate body 10 and the through-hole of the cover plate body 10. Through the above arrangements, sealing and insulation between the electrode post and the cover plate body 10 can be achieved.

[0052] Optionally, the pole and the cover plate body 10 are fixedly connected by riveting, gluing or other methods, which are all commonly used fixing methods in the field. They can be selected according to actual needs and will not be described in detail here.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 4 This embodiment also provides a single-cell battery, which includes a casing 1, a battery cell, and a battery cover as described in any of the above embodiments. The battery cell is disposed within the casing 1, and the battery cover is sealed to the opening of the casing 1. Specifically, this single-cell battery can be a nickel-metal hydride battery, a nickel-cadmium battery, a lead-acid (or lead-acid) battery, a lithium-ion battery, a polymer lithium-ion battery, etc. The single-cell battery can also be a primary lithium-ion battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-lithium-ion battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, etc., which will not be elaborated further here. This single-cell battery has the beneficial effects of the battery cover as described in any of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0054] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the protection scope of this utility model. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A battery cover plate, characterized by include: The cover body (10) is provided with an explosion-proof chamber (11), which is connected to the inside of the battery. The outer wall of the explosion-proof chamber (11) is provided with explosion-proof grooves (12). Fire extinguishing structure (20) is disposed in the explosion-proof chamber (11) and is limitedly connected to the inner wall of the explosion-proof chamber (11). The fire extinguishing structure (20) can be heated and melted to detach from the inner wall of the explosion-proof chamber (11) and fall into the battery to extinguish the fire.

2. The battery cover plate of claim 1, wherein, The inner wall of the explosion-proof chamber (11) is provided with a slot (111), and the fire extinguishing structure (20) is provided with a protrusion (21). The slot (111) and the protrusion (21) cooperate with each other.

3. The battery cover plate of claim 2, wherein, The slots (111) and protrusions (21) are provided in multiple corresponding positions.

4. The battery cover plate of claim 2, wherein, The slot (111) and the explosion-proof groove (12) are misaligned.

5. The battery cover plate of claim 1, wherein, The explosion-proof groove (12) is formed on the circumferential outer wall of the explosion-proof chamber (11).

6. The battery cover plate of claim 1, wherein, The fire extinguishing structure (20) is a fire extinguishing gel.

7. The battery cover plate of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a lower insulating member, which is disposed on the side of the cover plate body (10) facing the inside of the battery. The lower insulating member has a vent, which covers the explosion-proof chamber (11) so that the fire extinguishing structure (20) is in communication with the inside of the battery.

8. The battery cover plate of claim 1, wherein, The cover plate body (10) is also provided with an injection hole (13), which is used to inject electrolyte into the battery.

9. The battery cover plate of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a pole post, which is insulated and sealed through the cover plate body (10).

10. A single cell characterized by The battery includes a housing (1), a battery cell, and a battery cover as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the battery cell is disposed within the housing (1), and the battery cover is sealed to the opening of the housing (1).

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