A lithium battery explosion-proof cover with integrated multi-channel pressure relief

Abstract

This utility model provides a lithium battery explosion-proof cover plate with integrated multi-channel pressure relief, relating to the field of lithium battery explosion-proof technology. It includes a cover plate body, a protective shell on the top of the cover plate body, positive and negative electrical posts on the top of the protective shell, an explosion-proof valve on the top of the protective shell, and a vent hole on the top of the protective shell. A guide groove is located at the bottom of the cover plate body, and a pressure relief membrane is located at the top of the guide groove. A main channel for solid ejection and a secondary channel for high-temperature gas are located at the top of the pressure relief membrane. Flame-retardant mesh is located at the top of the main channel for solid ejection and the secondary channel for high-temperature gas. By employing the main channel for solid ejection and the secondary channel for high-temperature gas, in the event of a full-scale thermal runaway, the solid ejection enters the main channel for solid ejection through the guide groove. When the pressure relief rate is insufficient or there is blockage, the gas in the main channel for solid ejection will be discharged at high speed through the channel extending from the secondary channel for high-temperature gas, ensuring maximum pressure relief efficiency under extreme conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of lithium battery explosion-proof technology, and in particular to a lithium battery explosion-proof cover plate with integrated multi-channel pressure relief. Background Technology

[0002] According to Chinese Patent Publication No. CN219457802U, a cover plate and battery pack for a lithium battery are disclosed. The cover plate for the lithium battery includes at least: a cover plate body, on which a pressure relief hole is provided; an explosion-proof sheet, which is installed on one side surface of the cover plate body and covers the pressure relief hole; and a first protective film, which is attached to the side surface of the explosion-proof sheet facing the cover plate body and covers the explosion-proof sheet. The first protective film is used to prevent the explosion-proof sheet from contacting the electrolyte of the lithium battery.

[0003] The aforementioned comparative documents and existing technologies have the following technical problems: Existing lithium battery explosion-proof valves usually have only a single pressure relief port. When the internal pressure of the battery reaches the preset opening threshold, the explosion-proof membrane ruptures, and gas is ejected instantly. In extreme cases of thermal runaway, violent chemical reactions will produce a large amount of gas and solid ejected material. The single pressure relief channel will face the risk of insufficient pressure relief speed or blockage by ejected material, which will lead to a more violent explosion of the battery casing due to overpressure. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a lithium battery explosion-proof cover with integrated multi-channel pressure relief.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a lithium battery explosion-proof cover with integrated multi-channel pressure relief, comprising a cover body, a protective shell on the top of the cover body, a positive electrode post on one side of the top of the protective shell, a negative electrode post on the other side of the top of the protective shell, and an explosion-proof valve at the center of the top of the protective shell.

[0006] Preferably, insulating washers are provided at the bottom of both the positive and negative electrical columns.

[0007] Preferably, the explosion-proof valve at the top center of the protective shell is provided with vent holes on both sides, and the bottom of the vent holes is connected to the top of the cover plate body.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom end of the cover plate body is provided with a flow guide groove, and the top of the flow guide groove is provided with a pressure relief membrane.

[0009] Preferably, the top of the pressure relief membrane is provided with a main channel for solid ejection, and the two sides of the main channel for solid ejection are provided with secondary channels for high-temperature gas.

[0010] Preferably, the top of the main channel of the solid ejection material and the secondary channel of the high-temperature gas are provided with flame-retardant mesh, and the top of the flame-retardant mesh is provided with vent holes.

[0011] Preferably, the high-temperature gas secondary channel has a channel extending to the main channel of the solid ejection at its center, and a filter screen is provided at the bottom of the high-temperature gas secondary channel. The cover plate body has a reserved space and an insulation area inside.

[0012] Beneficial effects

[0013] In this invention, a main channel for solid ejected material and a secondary channel for high-temperature gas are employed. Through functionally partitioned pressure relief channels, when thermal runaway fully erupts and the first pressure relief membrane is completely broken, the internal pressure will carry a large amount of heavy electrode material particles and other solid ejected material into the main channel. The bottom of the secondary channel for high-temperature gas is protected by a filter that prevents the solid ejected material from entering. Meanwhile, the lighter high-temperature and high-pressure gas will fill the entire main channel for solid ejected material and the secondary channel for high-temperature gas. When the pressure relief rate is insufficient or there is blockage, the gas in the main channel for solid ejected material will be discharged at high speed through the channel extending from the secondary channel for high-temperature gas, ensuring maximum pressure relief efficiency under extreme conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a front view of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0018] Legend:

[0019] 1. Cover plate body; 2. Protective shell; 3. Positive electrode; 4. Negative electrode; 5. Explosion-proof valve; 6. Insulating gasket; 7. Vent hole; 8. Guide groove; 9. Pressure relief membrane; 10. Main channel for solid ejected material; 11. Secondary channel for high-temperature gas; 12. Flame-retardant mesh. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the technical means, creative features, and achieved objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model is further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. However, the following embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described in the implementation plan without creative effort are all within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0021] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Specific Implementation Example 1:

[0023] Reference Figure 1-4 This utility model provides a lithium battery explosion-proof cover with integrated multi-channel pressure relief, including a cover body 1, a protective shell 2 on the top of the cover body 1, the protective shell 2 being made of explosion-proof material, a positive electrode post 3 on one side of the top of the protective shell 2, and a negative electrode post 4 on the other side of the top of the protective shell 2, the positive electrode post 3 and the negative electrode post 4 being symmetrically arranged, an explosion-proof valve 5 being located at the center of the top of the protective shell 2, insulating gaskets 6 being located at the bottom of both the positive electrode post 3 and the negative electrode post 4, vent holes 7 being located on both sides of the explosion-proof valve 5 at the center of the top of the protective shell 2, the bottom of the vent holes 7 communicating with the top of the cover body 1, and multiple guide grooves 8 being located at the bottom of the cover body 1. The top of the flow channel 8 is provided with a pressure relief membrane 9, the top of the pressure relief membrane 9 is provided with a solid ejection main channel 10, the two sides of the solid ejection main channel 10 are provided with high temperature gas secondary channels 11, the top of the solid ejection main channel 10 and the high temperature gas secondary channel 11 are provided with a flame-retardant mesh 12, the top of the flame-retardant mesh 12 is provided with a vent hole 7, the center of the high temperature gas secondary channel 11 is provided with a channel extending to the solid ejection main channel 10, and the bottom of the high temperature gas secondary channel 11 is provided with a filter screen. The interior of the cover plate body 1 is provided with a reserved space and an insulation area. The flow channel 8, pressure relief membrane 9, main channel 10 and high temperature gas secondary channel 11 are all located inside the cover plate body 1. The system employs a solid ejection main channel 10 and a high-temperature gas secondary channel 11. Through functionally partitioned pressure relief channels, when thermal runaway fully erupts and the first pressure relief membrane 9 is completely ruptured, the internal pressure will carry a large amount of heavy electrode material particles and other solid ejection materials into the solid ejection main channel 10 through the guide channel 8. The bottom of the high-temperature gas secondary channel 11 is protected from solid ejection materials by a filter screen that blocks them. Meanwhile, the lighter high-temperature and high-pressure gas will fill the entire solid ejection main channel 10 and the high-temperature gas secondary channel 11. When the pressure relief rate is insufficient or there is blockage, the gas in the solid ejection main channel 10 will be discharged at high speed through the channel extending from the high-temperature gas secondary channel 11, ensuring maximum pressure relief efficiency under extreme conditions. After passing through the pressure relief channel, the gas passes through a flame-retardant mesh to prevent flames or high-temperature particles from escaping as much as possible. Specific Implementation Example 2:

[0025] Reference Figure 1It uses polymer materials with microcapsule structures and dynamic covalent bonds. When micro-damage is caused by aging, cracking or compression, these materials can self-repair at room temperature or with slight heating, improving the life and reliability of the sealing material and delaying the time when the sealing ring leaks due to aging. The location is the O-ring or flat gasket between the shell and the cover plate. Utilizing the changes in air pressure inside the battery, through a preset elastic structure, it automatically strengthens the sealing contact pressure when the pressure increases and returns to normal when the pressure decreases, dynamically adapting to the pressure fluctuations during battery use and preventing insufficient sealing under low pressure and excessive deformation under high pressure.

[0026] In summary:

[0027] 1. A solid ejection main channel 10 and a high-temperature gas secondary channel 11 are adopted. When thermal runaway occurs, the solid ejection enters the solid ejection main channel 10 through the guide groove 8. When the pressure relief speed is insufficient or there is blockage, the gas in the solid ejection main channel 10 will be discharged at high speed through the channel extended from the high-temperature gas secondary channel 11, ensuring the maximum pressure relief efficiency under extreme conditions.

[0028] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0029] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An integrated multi-path pressure relief vented cover plate for lithium batteries, comprising a cover plate body (1), characterized in that: The top of the cover body (1) is provided with a protective shell (2). A positive electric column (3) is provided on one side of the top of the protective shell (2), and a negative electric column (4) is provided on the other side of the top of the protective shell (2). The positive electric column (3) and the negative electric column (4) are symmetrically arranged. An explosion-proof valve (5) is provided at the center of the top of the protective shell (2). Multiple guide grooves (8) are provided at the bottom of the cover body (1). A pressure relief membrane (9) is provided at the top of the guide groove (8). A solid ejection material main channel (10) is provided at the top of the pressure relief membrane (9). High-temperature gas secondary channels (11) are provided on both sides of the solid ejection material main channel (10).

2. The explosion-proof cover plate of lithium battery integrated with multiple pressure relief channels according to claim 1, characterized in that: Insulating gaskets (6) are provided at the bottom of both the positive electrode (3) and the negative electrode (4).

3. The lithium battery explosion-proof cover with integrated multi-channel pressure relief as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion-proof valve (5) at the top center of the protective shell (2) is provided with vent holes (7) on both sides, and the bottom of the vent holes (7) is connected to the top of the cover plate body (1).

4. The explosion relief cover plate of lithium battery integrated with multiple pressure relief channels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow guide groove (8), pressure relief membrane (9), main channel (10), and high-temperature gas secondary channel (11) are all located inside the cover plate body (1).

5. The explosion relief cover plate of lithium battery integrated with multiple relief channels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the solid ejection main channel (10) and the high-temperature gas secondary channel (11) is provided with a flame-retardant mesh (12).

6. The explosion relief cover plate of lithium battery integrated with multi-path pressure relief channels according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flame-retardant mesh (12) has ventilation holes (7) at the top.

7. A lithium battery explosion-proof cover with integrated multi-channel pressure relief as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The high-temperature gas secondary channel (11) has a channel extending to the solid ejection main channel (10) at its center, and a filter screen is provided at the bottom of the high-temperature gas secondary channel (11). The cover plate body (1) has a reserved space and an insulation area inside.

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