Power battery pack with pressure relief channel
By setting an insulated, high-temperature resistant, sealed pressure relief channel under the power battery module and installing easily perforated connecting pieces at each row of battery cells, the problem of short circuits and thermal runaway caused by material ejected from the battery cells is solved, thus achieving safe protection for the power battery.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 柳州华霆新能源技术有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-31
AI Technical Summary
Existing power batteries are prone to short circuits and thermal runaway events when electrolytes and other substances are ejected from the pressure relief valve inside the cell. Existing protective structures cannot effectively prevent the spread of high-temperature liquid substances.
Multiple rows of pressure relief channels are set below the power battery module. They are made of insulating and high-temperature resistant materials. The pressure relief channels are sealed spaces. Each row of battery units is equipped with easily perforated cavity connecting pieces. The ejected material enters the channel through small, easily broken ribs.
It effectively prevents high-temperature liquid substances from spreading to surrounding battery cells, avoiding short circuits and thermal runaway in the power battery, and improving safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN224582441U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power battery manufacturing technology, and in particular to a power battery PACK with a pressure relief channel. Background Technology
[0002] In recent years, electric vehicle fires have occurred frequently, a significant portion of which stem from spontaneous combustion of the power battery. Power battery safety protection design is the most crucial aspect of power battery structural design. Lithium-ion cells have pressure relief valves on their top or bottom covers. When a cell fails internally, electrolytes and other substances inside the cell will spray out from the valve. This sprayed material often carries high temperatures and can easily trigger a short circuit, leading to a deflagration of the power battery. To prevent this, current power battery safety protection designs often use baffles to block the high-temperature material sprayed out after the pressure relief valve of a failed cell opens, preventing the explosion from directly affecting surrounding cells. However, the sprayed material is liquid and fluid, and its dispersion direction is unpredictable. This unrestrained high-temperature liquid material can easily cause a short circuit in the power battery, potentially leading to more severe thermal runaway events. Therefore, to avoid this type of failure, the high-temperature liquid material generated during cell pressure relief must be directed into an insulated, high-temperature-resistant channel to prevent it from triggering another short circuit. Utility Model Content
[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a power battery PACK with a pressure relief channel, which can solve the problem that when the electrolyte and other substances in the cell are ejected from the pressure relief valve, these high-temperature liquid substances can easily cause short circuits in the power battery and lead to more serious thermal runaway events.
[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: This power battery PACK with pressure relief channels includes a power battery module, a lower power battery housing, and a upper power battery cover; the power battery module is disposed between the lower power battery housing and the upper power battery cover; and multiple rows of pressure relief channels are provided below the power battery module.
[0005] A more specific embodiment of the above technical solution is as follows: the pressure relief channel is a closed, narrow, rectangular space, i.e., a channel cavity; the pressure relief channel is provided for each row of battery cells in the power battery module; and the pressure relief channel is provided with an easily perforated cavity connecting piece at the corresponding position of the cell explosion-proof valve in each battery cell of the power battery module.
[0006] Furthermore, the pressure relief channel is made of insulating and high-temperature resistant material.
[0007] Furthermore, the material of the pressure relief channel is mica.
[0008] Furthermore: the cavity connecting piece is connected to the channel cavity through two sets of opposite small, easily breakable ribs; when the battery cell fails and ejects material, the ejected material can easily break through the cavity connecting piece and reach the channel cavity.
[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, this utility model has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: This utility model provides a pressure relief channel device, which is arranged below the power battery module. A cavity connecting piece that is easy to break through is set at the corresponding position of the cell explosion-proof valve. The material ejected from the cell can break through the connecting piece and reach the pressure relief channel. The pressure relief channel is made of insulating and high-temperature resistant material and is designed as a sealed space to prevent the material ejected due to failure from spreading to the surrounding cells, effectively preventing short circuit and thermal runaway failure of the power battery. Attached Figure Description
[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure relief channel structure of this utility model; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the connecting piece on the pressure relief channel.
[0011] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Pressure relief channel; 1-1. Cavity connecting piece; 1-2. Channel cavity; 1-3. Easily broken rib; 2. Power battery module; 3. Power battery lower casing; 4. Power battery upper cover. Detailed Implementation
[0012] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The power battery PACK with a pressure relief channel includes a power battery module 2 with multiple rows of battery units, a power battery lower housing 3, a power battery upper cover 4, and a pressure relief channel 1.
[0013] The power battery module 2 is located between the lower housing 3 and the upper cover 4 of the power battery. Multiple rows of pressure relief channels 1 are provided below the power battery module 2, each corresponding to a row of battery cells in the power battery module 2. The pressure relief channels 1 are made of insulating and high-temperature resistant material; in this embodiment, mica is used. Each pressure relief channel 1 is a closed, narrow, rectangular space, i.e., a channel cavity 1-2. At each cell explosion-proof valve position in the power battery module 2, a easily perforated cavity connecting piece 1-1 is provided in the pressure relief channel 1. The cavity connecting piece 1-1 is connected to the channel cavity 1-2 via two sets of small, easily breakable ribs 1-3. When a cell fails and ejects material, the ejected material easily breaks through the cavity connecting piece 1-1 and reaches the pressure relief channel, thus preventing the ejected material from spreading to surrounding cells and causing short circuits and thermal runaway.
Claims
1. A power battery pack with a pressure relief channel, comprising a power battery module (2), a lower power battery housing (3), and a upper power battery cover (4); wherein the power battery module (2) is disposed between the lower power battery housing (3) and the upper power battery cover (4); characterized in that: A pressure relief channel (1) is provided below the power battery module (2).
2. The power battery PACK with a pressure relief channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief channel (1) is a closed cuboid space; the pressure relief channel is provided with a cavity connecting piece (1-1) at the corresponding position of the explosion-proof valve of each cell in the power battery module of the battery unit.
3. The power battery PACK with a pressure relief channel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pressure relief channel (1) is made of insulating and high-temperature resistant material.
4. The power battery PACK with a pressure relief channel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The material of the pressure relief channel (1) is mica.
5. The power battery PACK with pressure relief channels according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cavity connecting piece (1-1) is connected to the channel cavity (1-2) through the easily broken rib (1-3); when the battery cell fails and ejects material, the ejected material breaks through the cavity connecting piece (1-1) and reaches the channel cavity (1-2).