A battery pack, a battery pack stacking system, and an energy storage system.

Abstract

This utility model provides a battery pack, a battery pack stacking system, and an energy storage system, belonging to the field of energy storage technology. A battery pack includes a battery body, a first stacking connector, a second stacking connector, and a third stacking connector. The first stacking connector is located on the first end face of the battery pack, while the second and third stacking connectors are located on the second end face. The positive terminal of the battery body is connected to the first, second, and third stacking connectors, respectively, and the negative terminal of the battery body is connected to the first and third stacking connectors, respectively. When the first stacking connector of the battery pack is connected to the second or third stacking connector of an adjacent battery pack, the battery pack is connected in series or in parallel with the adjacent battery pack. This effectively solves the problems of cumbersome connection methods, poor flexibility, limited scalability, and reliability issues associated with high-current parallel connections in traditional battery systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of energy storage technology, and relates to a battery pack, a battery pack stacking system, and an energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] Existing technologies employ a method that, based on clearly defined positive and negative connectors, adjusts the position of the connectors by horizontal flipping to change the series or parallel connection of adjacent battery modules. However, this approach has several drawbacks. Firstly, series connection requires alternating placement of connectors; incorrect placement of these connectors can lead to short circuits or open circuits. Secondly, electrical connection terminals, cooling channels, and mounting holes must be strictly aligned, making tolerance control difficult. Accumulated tolerances can cause misalignment of higher-level modules, affecting sealing and conductivity. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies by proposing a battery pack, a battery pack stacking system, and an energy storage system.

[0004] The objective of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solution: a battery pack, comprising:

[0005] The battery pack includes a battery body, a first stacking connector, a second stacking connector, and a third stacking connector; wherein the first stacking connector is located on the first end face of the battery pack, and the second and third stacking connectors are located on the second end face of the battery pack.

[0006] The positive terminal of the battery body is connected to the first stacking connector, the second stacking connector, and the third stacking connector, respectively; the negative terminal of the battery body is connected to the first stacking connector and the third stacking connector, respectively.

[0007] When the first stack connector of the battery pack is connected to the second or third stack connector of the adjacent battery pack, the battery pack is connected in series or in parallel with the adjacent battery pack.

[0008] As an optional embodiment of this utility model, when the first stacking connector of the battery pack is plugged into the second or third stacking connector of the adjacent battery pack, the battery pack and the adjacent battery pack are connected in series or in parallel, including:

[0009] When the first stack connector of the battery pack is connected to the second stack connector of the adjacent battery pack, the negative terminal of the battery body of the battery pack is connected to the positive terminal of the battery body of the adjacent battery pack, and the battery pack and the adjacent battery pack are connected in series.

[0010] When the first stack connector of the battery pack is connected to the third stack connector of the adjacent battery pack, the positive and negative terminals of the battery body of the battery pack are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery body of the adjacent battery pack, respectively, and the battery pack and the adjacent battery pack are connected in parallel.

[0011] As an optional embodiment of this utility model, it also includes a battery management unit, which is connected to the first stacking connector, the second stacking connector and the third stacking connector respectively.

[0012] As an optional embodiment of this utility model, the battery management unit includes a series-parallel auxiliary identification port;

[0013] When the first stack connector of the battery pack is connected to the second stack connector of the adjacent battery pack, the series-parallel auxiliary identification port of the battery pack and the series-parallel auxiliary identification port of the adjacent battery pack are both unused, and the identified battery pack is connected in series with the adjacent battery pack.

[0014] When the first stack connector of the battery pack is plugged into the third stack connector of the adjacent battery pack, the series-parallel auxiliary identification port of the battery pack is connected to the series-parallel auxiliary identification port of the adjacent battery pack, thus identifying that the battery pack is connected in parallel with the adjacent battery pack.

[0015] As an optional embodiment of this utility model, the battery management unit further includes a high-level data line, a low-level data line, a signal input line, and a signal output line; the positive terminal of the battery body is connected to the first stacking connector, the second stacking connector, and the third stacking connector respectively, including:

[0016] The positive terminal of the battery body is connected to the positive terminal ports of the first stacked connector, the second stacked connector, and the third stacked connector, respectively.

[0017] The negative terminal of the battery body is connected to the first stack connector and the third stack connector, respectively, including:

[0018] The negative terminal of the battery body is connected to the negative terminal ports of the first stacked connector and the third stacked connector, respectively.

[0019] The battery management unit is connected to the first stack connector, the second stack connector, and the third stack connector, respectively, including:

[0020] The high-level data lines are respectively connected to the high-level data line ports of the first stacked connector, the second stacked connector, and the third stacked connector;

[0021] The low-order data lines are respectively connected to the low-order data line ports of the first stacked connector, the second stacked connector, and the third stacked connector;

[0022] The signal input line is connected to the signal input port of the first stacked connector;

[0023] The signal output lines are connected to the signal output ports of the second and third stacked connectors, respectively.

[0024] As an optional embodiment of this utility model, the first end face and the second end face are two opposite end faces of the battery pack.

[0025] This utility model also proposes a battery pack stacking system, such as one or more battery packs as described in any of the preceding claims, wherein adjacent battery packs in the plurality of battery packs are connected in series and / or in parallel.

[0026] The battery packs include a first-end battery pack with a vacant first stack connector, and a second-end battery pack with a vacant second stack connector and a third-end battery pack with a vacant third stack connector.

[0027] This utility model also proposes an energy storage system, including:

[0028] As mentioned above, the battery pack stacking system, high-voltage distribution box, and base; the high-voltage distribution box includes a high-voltage box connector, and the base includes a base connector;

[0029] The first stack connector of the first battery pack is connected to the high voltage box connector, and the second or third stack connector of the last battery pack is connected to the base connector.

[0030] As an optional embodiment of this utility model, the high-voltage box connector includes: a high-voltage main negative terminal port, a high-voltage main positive terminal port, a high-level data line port, a low-level data line port, and a signal output port.

[0031] The main negative terminal of the high-voltage distribution box is connected to the battery negative terminal of the first stacked connector through the high-voltage main negative terminal port;

[0032] The main positive terminal of the high-voltage distribution box is connected to the battery positive terminal of the first stacked connector through the high-voltage main positive terminal port;

[0033] The high-voltage distribution box's high-level data line is connected to the high-level data line port of the first stacked connector via the high-level data line port.

[0034] The low-level data line of the high-voltage distribution box is connected to the low-level data line port of the first stacked connector through the low-level data line port.

[0035] The signal output line of the high-voltage distribution box is connected to the signal output port of the first stacked connector through the signal output port.

[0036] As an optional embodiment of this utility model, the base connector includes: a battery positive terminal port and a system main positive port;

[0037] The positive terminal of the battery body of the end battery pack is connected to the positive terminal of the base connector through the positive terminal port of the battery of the second stack connector or the third stack connector.

[0038] The system positive terminal of the energy storage system is connected to the system positive terminal of the base connector via the system positive terminal of the second or third stack connector of the terminal battery pack; wherein, the battery positive terminal of the base connector is connected to the system positive terminal.

[0039] Compared with existing technologies, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] The battery pack integrates multiple connectors on both ends, with the positive and negative terminals distributed in a specific manner. This allows a single battery pack to automatically complete electrical series or parallel connections simply by physically interfacing with different connectors of adjacent battery packs, without altering its internal structure. This greatly simplifies the battery system assembly process, allowing for the rapid and flexible construction of different battery modules based on actual voltage and capacity requirements.

[0041] This design provides multiple parallel paths, significantly improving current carrying capacity and connection reliability: the positive terminal of the battery body is connected to three connectors simultaneously, and the negative terminal is connected to two connectors. This design offers options for series / parallel connections, and especially provides multiple independent current paths for parallel connections. When multiple battery packs are connected in parallel, current can be transmitted in parallel through multiple connector interfaces, effectively reducing the current load and thermal risk of individual interfaces, and improving the overall current carrying capacity, stability, and safety of the system.

[0042] The optimized spatial layout facilitates stacking and expansion: By centrally arranging connectors on two opposite end faces, cable management and layout are simplified and more efficient during physical stacking of battery packs, promoting a compact modular structure. This design facilitates the orderly stacking and expansion of multiple battery packs within a limited space, providing convenience for the integration of high-energy-density battery systems.

[0043] In summary, this invention effectively solves the problems of cumbersome connection methods, poor flexibility, limited scalability, and high current parallel reliability of traditional battery systems. It is particularly suitable for modular energy storage systems that require flexible configuration, rapid deployment, and high reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of multiple battery packs connected in series according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of multiple battery packs connected in parallel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of multiple battery packs connected in series and parallel according to an embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] This embodiment provides a battery pack, including:

[0050] The battery pack includes a battery body, a first stacking connector, a second stacking connector, and a third stacking connector; wherein the first stacking connector is located on the first end face of the battery pack, and the second and third stacking connectors are located on the second end face of the battery pack.

[0051] The positive terminal of the battery body is connected to the first stacking connector, the second stacking connector, and the third stacking connector, respectively; the negative terminal of the battery body is connected to the first stacking connector and the third stacking connector, respectively.

[0052] When the first stack connector of the battery pack is connected to the second or third stack connector of the adjacent battery pack, the battery pack is connected in series or in parallel with the adjacent battery pack.

[0053] Figures 1 to 3 These are schematic diagrams illustrating the series, parallel, and series-parallel connections between multiple battery packs provided in the embodiments of this utility model. See also Figures 1-3 Each battery pack consists of a battery body, a first stacking connector, a second stacking connector, and a third stacking connector. The first end face of the battery pack is the upper end, and the first stacking connector, designated as upper stacking connector 1, is located at the upper end of the battery pack. The second end face of the battery pack is the lower end, and the second stacking connector, designated as lower stacking connector 1, and the third stacking connector, designated as lower stacking connector 2, are both located at the lower end of the battery pack.

[0054] It is understood that a battery pack contains a main battery module, which comprises multiple battery modules. The positive terminal (BAT+) of the main battery module serves as the convergence point for all currents from the series or parallel connection of the multiple battery modules within the entire battery pack, and represents the highest voltage point. The negative terminal (BAT-) of the main battery module serves as the return point for all currents from the series or parallel connection of the multiple battery modules within the entire battery pack. In this embodiment, the positive terminal of the main battery module is connected to the upper stacking connector 1, the lower stacking connector 1, and the lower stacking connector 2. The negative terminal of the main battery module is connected to the upper stacking connector 1 and the lower stacking connector 2.

[0055] When multiple battery packs need to be stacked to provide higher voltage and greater charge capacity, the battery packs to be connected are inserted by inserting the upper stacking connector 1 into the lower stacking connector 1 or lower stacking connector 2 of the adjacent battery pack, depending on whether the connection is in series or parallel. That is, when the battery pack to be connected is in series with an adjacent battery pack, the upper stacking connector 1 of the battery pack to be connected is inserted into the lower stacking connector 1 of the adjacent battery pack. When the battery pack to be connected is in parallel with an adjacent battery pack, the upper stacking connector 1 of the battery pack to be connected is inserted into the lower stacking connector 2 of the adjacent battery pack.

[0056] Preferably, when the first stacking connector of the battery pack is plugged into the second or third stacking connector of the adjacent battery pack, the battery pack and the adjacent battery pack are connected in series or in parallel, including:

[0057] When the first stack connector of the battery pack is connected to the second stack connector of the adjacent battery pack, the negative terminal of the battery body of the battery pack is connected to the positive terminal of the battery body of the adjacent battery pack, and the battery pack and the adjacent battery pack are connected in series.

[0058] When the first stack connector of the battery pack is connected to the third stack connector of the adjacent battery pack, the positive and negative terminals of the battery body of the battery pack are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery body of the adjacent battery pack, respectively, and the battery pack and the adjacent battery pack are connected in parallel.

[0059] When the upper stacking connector 1 of the battery pack to be connected is connected to the lower stacking connector 1 of the adjacent battery pack, the negative terminal of the battery body of the battery pack is connected to the positive terminal of the battery body of the adjacent battery pack. Specifically, as follows... Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 Four battery packs are stacked in series. When the second battery pack is stacked with the first battery pack, the upper stacking connector 1 of the second battery pack is connected to the lower stacking connector 1 of the first battery pack. The negative terminal of the battery body of the second battery pack is connected to the positive terminal of the battery body of the lower stacking connector 1 of the first battery pack through the negative terminal port of the upper stacking connector 1, so that the negative terminal of the battery body of the second battery pack is connected to the positive terminal of the battery body of the first battery pack, thus realizing the series connection between the second battery pack and the first battery pack.

[0060] When the upper stacking connector 1 of the battery pack to be connected is plugged into the lower stacking connector 2 of the adjacent battery pack, the positive and negative terminals of the battery body of the battery pack are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery body of the adjacent battery pack, respectively. Specifically, as follows... Figure 2As shown, when the upper stacking connector 1 of the third battery pack is connected to the lower stacking connector 2 of the second battery pack, the negative terminal of the battery body of the third battery pack is connected to the negative terminal port 3 of the lower stacking connector 2 of the second battery pack through the negative terminal port 3 of the upper stacking connector 1, thus connecting the negative terminals of the battery bodies of the third and second battery packs. The positive terminal of the battery body of the third battery pack is connected to the positive terminal port 4 of the lower stacking connector 2 of the second battery pack through the positive terminal port 4 of the upper stacking connector 1, thus connecting the positive terminals of the battery bodies of the third and second battery packs in parallel.

[0061] Preferably, it further includes a battery management unit, which is connected to the first stacking connector, the second stacking connector and the third stacking connector respectively.

[0062] The Battery Management Unit (BMU) is the BMU of each battery pack. Each battery pack's BMU connects to the upper stack connector 1, lower stack connector 1, and lower stack connector 2 of the pack through various ports. It not only monitors the safety of the battery body of the pack but also provides communication functions when multiple battery packs are stacked. It is an indispensable control core within the battery pack.

[0063] Preferably, the battery management unit includes a series-parallel auxiliary identification port.

[0064] When the first stack connector of the battery pack is connected to the second stack connector of the adjacent battery pack, the series-parallel auxiliary identification port of the battery pack and the series-parallel auxiliary identification port of the adjacent battery pack are both unused, and the identified battery pack is connected in series with the adjacent battery pack.

[0065] When the first stack connector of the battery pack is plugged into the third stack connector of the adjacent battery pack, the series-parallel auxiliary identification port of the battery pack is connected to the series-parallel auxiliary identification port of the adjacent battery pack, thus identifying that the battery pack is connected in parallel with the adjacent battery pack.

[0066] This embodiment uses the series-parallel auxiliary identification port of the BMU to identify whether the battery pack is connected in series or in parallel with adjacent battery packs. Specifically, as shown below... Figure 1-3 As shown, in this embodiment, the serial-parallel auxiliary identification port of the BMU is port 5, which is connected to port 9 of the upper stack connector 1 and port 9 of the lower stack connector 2 via SMP (Slave Monitoring Protection) data lines.

[0067] like Figure 3As shown, when the second battery pack is connected in parallel with the first battery pack, since the upper stacking connector 1 of the second battery pack is connected to the lower stacking connector 2 of the first battery pack, the SMP data line of the second battery pack is connected to the lower stacking connector 2 of the first battery pack through port 9 of the upper stacking connector 1. When the signal of the SMP data line is detected at port 9 of the lower stacking connector 2 of the first battery pack, the second battery pack will recognize that it is connected in parallel with the first battery pack.

[0068] like Figure 3 As shown, when the third battery pack is connected in series with the second battery pack, since the upper stacking connector 1 of the third battery pack is connected to the lower stacking connector 1 of the second battery pack, the SMP data line of the third battery pack is connected to the lower stacking connector 1 of the second battery pack through port 9 of the upper stacking connector 1. However, port 9 of the lower stacking connector 1 of the second battery pack is in an unused state and there is no SMP data line signal. Therefore, the BMU of the third battery pack recognizes this situation of its port 5 as being connected in series with the second battery pack.

[0069] Preferably, the battery management unit further includes a high-level data line, a low-level data line, a signal input line, and a signal output line; the positive terminal of the battery body is connected to the first stacking connector, the second stacking connector, and the third stacking connector, respectively, including:

[0070] The positive terminal of the battery body is connected to the positive terminal ports of the first stacked connector, the second stacked connector, and the third stacked connector, respectively.

[0071] In this embodiment, for each battery pack, port 4 of the upper stack connector 1, port 1 of the lower stack connector 1, and port 4 of the lower stack connector 2 are set as the positive terminal ports of the battery, which are used to connect to the positive terminal of the battery body.

[0072] The negative terminal of the battery body is connected to the first stack connector and the third stack connector, respectively, including:

[0073] The negative terminal of the battery body is connected to the negative terminal ports of the first stacked connector and the third stacked connector, respectively.

[0074] In this embodiment, for each battery pack, ports 1 and 3 of the upper stack connector 1 and port 3 of the lower stack connector 2 are set as the negative terminal ports of the battery, which are used to connect to the negative terminal of the battery body.

[0075] The battery management unit is connected to the first stack connector, the second stack connector, and the third stack connector, respectively, including:

[0076] The high-level data lines are connected to the high-level data line ports of the first stacked connector, the second stacked connector, and the third stacked connector, respectively.

[0077] The low-order data lines are connected to the low-order data line ports of the first stack connector, the second stack connector, and the third stack connector, respectively.

[0078] The signal input line is connected to the signal input port of the first stack connector.

[0079] The signal output lines are connected to the signal output ports of the second and third stacked connectors, respectively.

[0080] like Figure 1-3 As shown, each battery pack's BMU has high-level data lines, low-level data lines, signal input lines, and signal output lines. The high-level data line is CAN-H, the low-level data line is CAN-L, the signal input lines are further divided into a positive signal input line DI+ and a negative signal input line DI-, and the signal output lines are further divided into a positive signal output line DO+ and a negative signal output line DO-. In this embodiment, port 5 of the upper stack connector 1, lower stack connector 1, and lower stack connector 2 is designated as the high-level data line port, used for connecting the BMU's CAN-H to the upper stack connector 1, lower stack connector 1, and lower stack connector 2. Port 6 of the upper stack connector 1, lower stack connector 1, and lower stack connector 2 is designated as the low-level data line port, used for connecting the BMU's CAN-L to the upper stack connector 1, lower stack connector 1, and lower stack connector 2. Port 7 of the upper stack connector 1 is designated as the signal input port for the positive signal input line, used for connecting the BMU's DI+ to the upper stack connector 1. Port 7 of both lower stack connectors 1 and 2 is designated as the positive signal output port, used for connecting the BMU's DO+ to lower stack connectors 1 and 2. Port 8 of upper stack connector 1 is designated as the negative signal input port, used for connecting the BMU's DI- to upper stack connector 1. Port 8 of both lower stack connectors 1 and 2 is designated as the negative signal output port, used for connecting the BMU's DO- to lower stack connectors 1 and 2.

[0081] Preferably, the first end face and the second end face are two opposite end faces of the battery pack.

[0082] The upper stacking connector 1 located on the first end face and the lower stacking connector 1 located on the second end face are situated in the same vertical direction of the battery pack. The lower stacking connector 1 and lower stacking connector 2 located on the second end face are horizontally symmetrical about each other with the vertical direction of the middle of the battery pack as an axis. In this embodiment, each of the upper stacking connector 1, lower stacking connector 1, and lower stacking connector 2 has 9 ports.

[0083] Based on the upper stacking connector 1, lower stacking connector 1, and lower stacking connector 2 of the above battery pack, with the positive and negative electrodes distributed in a specific manner, a single battery pack can automatically complete electrical series or parallel connections simply by physically connecting to different connectors of adjacent battery packs without changing its internal structure. This greatly simplifies the battery system assembly process, allowing for the rapid and flexible construction of different battery modules according to actual voltage and capacity requirements. It also provides multiple parallel paths, significantly improving current carrying capacity and connection reliability: the positive electrode of the battery body is connected to three connectors simultaneously, and the negative electrode is connected to two connectors. This design provides options for series / parallel connections, especially providing multiple independent current paths for parallel connections. When multiple battery packs are connected in parallel, current can be transmitted in parallel through multiple connector interfaces, effectively reducing the current load and thermal risk of a single interface, and improving the overall current carrying capacity, stability, and safety of the system.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] Based on the battery pack of Embodiment 1, a battery pack stacking system is also proposed, including one or more battery packs as in Embodiment 1, wherein adjacent battery packs in the plurality of battery packs are connected in series and / or in parallel.

[0086] The battery packs include a first-end battery pack with a vacant first stack connector, and a second-end battery pack with a vacant second stack connector and a third-end battery pack with a vacant third stack connector.

[0087] like Figure 1-3 As shown, each contains four battery packs. Figure 1 Each battery pack is connected in series with the adjacent battery pack. Figure 2 Each battery pack is connected in parallel with the adjacent battery pack. Figure 3 The battery pack connections are as follows: the second battery pack is connected in parallel with the first battery pack, the third battery pack is connected in series with the second battery pack, and the fourth battery pack is connected in parallel with the third battery pack.

[0088] Whether connected in series or parallel, stacking battery packs will always result in a first-end battery pack and a last-end battery pack. For the first-end battery pack, according to the aforementioned connection relationship, the upper stacking connector 1 is unused. For the last-end battery pack, both the lower stacking connector 1 and the lower stacking connector 2 are unused.

[0089] This battery pack stacking system optimizes spatial layout and facilitates stacking expansion: by centrally arranging connectors on two opposite end faces, cable management and layout are simpler and more efficient during physical stacking of battery packs, which is conducive to forming a compact modular structure. This design facilitates the orderly stacking and expansion of multiple battery packs within a limited space, providing convenience for the integration of high-energy-density battery systems.

[0090] Example 3

[0091] Based on the battery pack stacking system of Embodiment 2, an energy storage system is also proposed, including the battery pack stacking system as in Embodiment 2, a high-voltage distribution box, and a base; the high-voltage distribution box includes a high-voltage box connector, and the base includes a base connector.

[0092] The first stack connector of the first battery pack is connected to the high voltage box connector, and the second or third stack connector of the last battery pack is connected to the base connector.

[0093] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the upper stacking connector 1 of the first battery pack is connected to the high-voltage box connector of the high-voltage distribution box. The lower stacking connector 1 of the last battery pack is connected to the base connector of the base. The base connector can also be connected to the lower stacking connector 2.

[0094] Preferably, the high-voltage box connector includes: a high-voltage main negative terminal port, a high-voltage main positive terminal port, a high-level data line port, a low-level data line port, and a signal output port.

[0095] The main negative terminal of the high-voltage distribution box is connected to the battery negative terminal of the first stacked connector through the high-voltage main negative terminal port.

[0096] The main positive terminal of the high-voltage distribution box is connected to the battery positive terminal of the first stacked connector through the high-voltage main positive terminal port.

[0097] The high-voltage distribution box's high-level data line is connected to the high-level data line port of the first stacked connector via the high-level data line port.

[0098] The low-level data line of the high-voltage distribution box is connected to the low-level data line port of the first stacked connector through the low-level data line port.

[0099] The signal output line of the high-voltage distribution box is connected to the signal output port of the first stacked connector through the signal output port.

[0100] like Figure 1-3As shown, the high-voltage box connector has 9 ports. Port 3 is designated as the high-voltage main negative port, port 4 as the high-voltage main positive port, port 5 as the high-level data line port, port 6 as the low-level data line port, port 7 as the positive signal output port, and port 8 as the negative signal output port. The remaining ports 1, 2, and 9 are unused. The high-voltage distribution box main negative terminal B- is connected to port 3 of the upper stack connector 1 of the first-end battery pack via port 3, thus connecting to the negative terminal of the battery body of the first-end battery pack. The high-voltage distribution box main positive terminal B+ is connected to port 4 of the upper stack connector 1 of the first-end battery pack via port 4, thus connecting to the positive terminal of the battery body of the first-end battery pack. The high-level data line CAN-H of the high-voltage distribution box is connected to port 5 of the upper stack connector 1 of the first-end battery pack via port 5, thus connecting to the high-level data line CAN-H of the BMU. The low-level data line CAN-L of the high-voltage distribution box is connected to port 6 of the upper stacking connector 1 of the first-end battery pack via port 6, thereby connecting to the low-level data line CAN-L of the BMU. The positive signal output line DO+ of the high-voltage distribution box is connected to port 7 of the upper stacking connector 1 of the first-end battery pack via port 7, thereby connecting to the positive signal input line DI+ of the BMU. The negative signal output line DO- of the high-voltage distribution box is connected to port 8 of the upper stacking connector 1 of the first-end battery pack via port 8, thereby connecting to the negative signal input line DI- of the BMU.

[0101] Preferably, the base connector includes: a battery positive terminal port and a system main positive terminal port.

[0102] The positive terminal of the battery body of the end battery pack is connected to the positive terminal port of the base connector through the positive terminal port of the battery of the second or third stack connector.

[0103] The system positive terminal of the energy storage system is connected to the system positive terminal of the base connector via the system positive terminal of the second or third stack connector of the terminal battery pack; wherein, the battery positive terminal of the base connector is connected to the system positive terminal.

[0104] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the base connector has 9 ports, of which ports 1 and 4 are designated as battery positive ports, and port 2 is designated as the system's overall positive port. It can be understood that in an energy storage system, after multiple battery packs are stacked according to the battery pack stacking system, there is a system overall positive port BAT1+. When the base connector is connected to the lower stacking connector 1 of the end battery pack, the positive terminal of the battery body of the end battery pack is connected to port 1 of the base connector through port 1 of the lower stacking connector 1; when the base connector is connected to the lower stacking connector 2 of the end battery pack, the positive terminal of the battery body of the end battery pack is connected to port 4 of the base connector through port 4 of the lower stacking connector 2.

[0105] For each battery pack, port 2 of the upper stack connector 1, lower stack connector 1, and lower stack connector 2 is designated as the system's main positive port, and the system's main positive connection is made to these ports. When the base connector is plugged into the lower stack connector 1 of the end battery pack, the system's main positive connection is made to port 2 of the base connector via port 2 of the lower stack connector 1. Furthermore, ports 1 and 2 of the base connector are connected to connect the system's main positive connection to the positive terminal of the battery body of the end battery pack. Based on the aforementioned connection relationships, the system's main positive connection is finally made to connect to the main positive connection of the high-voltage distribution box. When the base connector is plugged into the lower stack connector 2 of the end battery pack, the system's main positive connection is made to port 2 of the base connector via port 2 of the lower stack connector 2. Since the positive terminal of the battery in the lower stack connector 2 of the end battery pack is port 4, ports 4 and 2 of the base connector are connected, making the system's main positive connection to the main positive connection of the high-voltage distribution box.

[0106] Based on the battery pack stacking system, a high-voltage distribution box and base are set up for use in the energy storage system. By setting the ports of the high-voltage connectors and base connectors, the connection relationship of each port is pre-set, eliminating the need to set the connector positions separately, avoiding the risk of short circuits and open circuits, and facilitating the series and parallel stacking of battery packs.

[0107] The above energy storage systems can effectively solve the problems of cumbersome connection methods, poor flexibility, limited scalability, and high current parallel reliability of traditional battery systems. They are particularly suitable for situations requiring flexible configuration, rapid deployment, and high reliability of energy storage systems.

[0108] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0109] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "a" in this utility model is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. The terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal connection of two elements or the interaction between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0110] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0111] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples illustrating the spirit of this utility model. Those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of this utility model or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized by, include: The battery pack includes a battery body, a first stacking connector, a second stacking connector, and a third stacking connector; wherein the first stacking connector is located on the first end face of the battery pack, and the second and third stacking connectors are located on the second end face of the battery pack. The positive terminal of the battery body is connected to the first stacking connector, the second stacking connector, and the third stacking connector, respectively; the negative terminal of the battery body is connected to the first stacking connector and the third stacking connector, respectively. When the first stacking connector of the battery pack is plugged into the second or third stacking connector of the adjacent battery pack, the battery pack is connected in series or in parallel with the adjacent battery pack.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the first stacking connector of the battery pack is plugged into the second or third stacking connector of an adjacent battery pack, the battery pack and the adjacent battery pack are connected in series or in parallel, including: When the first stacking connector of the battery pack is connected to the second stacking connector of the adjacent battery pack, the negative terminal of the battery body of the battery pack is connected to the positive terminal of the battery body of the adjacent battery pack, and the battery pack and the adjacent battery pack are connected in series. When the first stacking connector of the battery pack is connected to the third stacking connector of the adjacent battery pack, the positive and negative terminals of the battery body of the battery pack are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery body of the adjacent battery pack, and the battery pack and the adjacent battery pack are connected in parallel.

3. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a battery management unit, which is connected to the first stacking connector, the second stacking connector and the third stacking connector respectively.

4. The battery pack of claim 3, wherein, The battery management unit includes a series-parallel auxiliary identification port; When the first stacking connector of the battery pack is plugged into the second stacking connector of the adjacent battery pack, the series-parallel auxiliary identification port of the battery pack and the series-parallel auxiliary identification port of the adjacent battery pack are both empty, thus identifying that the battery pack and the adjacent battery pack are connected in series. When the first stacking connector of the battery pack is plugged into the third stacking connector of the adjacent battery pack, the series-parallel auxiliary identification port of the battery pack is connected to the series-parallel auxiliary identification port of the adjacent battery pack, thus identifying that the battery pack and the adjacent battery pack are connected in parallel.

5. The battery pack of claim 4, wherein, The battery management unit further includes a high-level data line, a low-level data line, a signal input line, and a signal output line; the positive terminal of the battery body is connected to the first stacking connector, the second stacking connector, and the third stacking connector, respectively, including: The positive terminal of the battery body is connected to the positive terminal ports of the first stacked connector, the second stacked connector, and the third stacked connector, respectively. The negative terminal of the battery body is connected to the first stacking connector and the third stacking connector, respectively, including: The negative terminal of the battery body is connected to the negative terminal ports of the first stacked connector and the third stacked connector, respectively. The battery management unit is connected to the first stacking connector, the second stacking connector, and the third stacking connector, respectively, including: The high-level data lines are respectively connected to the high-level data line ports of the first stacked connector, the second stacked connector, and the third stacked connector. The low-order data lines are respectively connected to the low-order data line ports of the first stacked connector, the second stacked connector, and the third stacked connector. The signal input line is connected to the signal input port of the first stacked connector; The signal output lines are respectively connected to the signal output ports of the second stacked connector and the third stacked connector.

6. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein, The first end face and the second end face are two opposite end faces of the battery pack.

7. A battery pack stacking system, comprising: include: One or more battery packs as described in any one of claims 1-6, wherein adjacent battery packs are connected in series and / or in parallel; The plurality of battery packs include a first-end battery pack with a vacant first stack connector, and an end battery pack with vacant second and third stack connectors.

8. An energy storage system characterized by, include: The battery pack stacking system, high-voltage distribution box, and base as described in claim 7; The high-voltage distribution box includes a high-voltage box connector, and the base includes a base connector; The first stacking connector of the first battery pack is connected to the high voltage box connector, and the second or third stacking connector of the last battery pack is connected to the base connector.

9. The energy storage system of claim 8, wherein, The high-voltage box connector includes: a high-voltage main negative terminal port, a high-voltage main positive terminal port, a high-level data line port, a low-level data line port, and a signal output port; The main negative terminal of the high-voltage distribution box is connected to the battery negative terminal of the first stacked connector through the main negative terminal port of the high-voltage distribution box. The main positive terminal of the high-voltage distribution box is connected to the battery positive terminal of the first stacked connector through the main positive terminal port of the high-voltage distribution box; The high-voltage distribution box's high-level data line is connected to the high-level data line port of the first stacked connector through the high-level data line port. The low-level data line of the high-voltage distribution box is connected to the low-level data line port of the first stacked connector through the low-level data line port. The signal output line of the high-voltage distribution box is connected to the signal output port of the first stacked connector through the signal output port.

10. The energy storage system of claim 8 or 9, wherein, The base connector includes: a battery positive terminal port and a system main positive terminal port; The positive terminal of the battery body of the terminal battery pack is connected to the positive terminal port of the base connector through the positive terminal port of the battery of the second stacking connector or the third stacking connector. The system positive terminal of the energy storage system is connected to the system positive terminal of the base connector via the system positive terminal of the second or third stacking connector of the terminal battery pack; wherein the battery positive terminal of the base connector is connected to the system positive terminal.

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