Battery modules, energy storage devices and energy storage systems
By optimizing the cell array layout and improving the series connection structure, the battery module forms positive and negative terminals on the same side, solving the problem of difficult port access under odd-numbered arrangements, achieving compact assembly and efficient current transmission, and improving vibration resistance reliability and system safety.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SUNGROW (SHANGHAI) CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-31
AI Technical Summary
When existing battery modules use an odd-numbered arrangement, it is difficult for the positive and negative terminals to be led out from the same side, resulting in a non-compact assembly structure and stress concentration due to vibration.
By optimizing the arrangement of the cell array and improving the series connection structure between cells, the positive and negative terminals of the cell array are formed in the Nth column. Short-distance busbars are used to connect to the cell terminals, avoiding long-distance cross-row connections.
This achieves a compact assembly structure for the battery module, improves vibration resistance and reliability, simplifies the assembly process, reduces material usage and mold development costs, and enhances current transmission efficiency and system safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN224582458U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to a battery module, energy storage device, and energy storage system. Background Technology
[0002] A battery module is the core unit of an energy storage device or system. It integrates multiple cells together in series, parallel or series-parallel combination to form a standardized energy unit with specific voltage, capacity and performance.
[0003] All the cells in a battery module are connected in series and parallel to form a positive port and a negative port. The positive port is used to output the positive signal of electrical energy, and the negative port is used to output the negative signal of electrical energy. The positive and negative ports are the core interfaces for the battery module to transmit electrical energy to the outside world. However, when existing battery modules use an odd number of rows, it is difficult to bring out the positive and negative ports from the same side of the battery module. Utility Model Content
[0004] This application provides a battery module, energy storage device, and energy storage system that can solve the problem that the positive and negative terminals of existing battery modules are difficult to be led out from the same side of the battery module.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, this application provides a battery module, comprising:
[0006] A cell array is composed of M rows and N columns of stacked cells, where M is an odd number greater than or equal to 3 and N is greater than or equal to 2.
[0007] The positive and negative terminals of each cell in the first row are arranged in the opposite direction to those of each cell in the third row; the positive and negative terminals of the cells in the first column of the second row are arranged in the same direction as those of the cells in the first row, and the positive and negative terminals of the cells in the first column of the second row are arranged in the opposite direction to those of the remaining cells in the second row.
[0008] Multiple cells in the cell array are connected in series to form a positive and negative terminal in the Nth column.
[0009] In some embodiments of this application, the cells in the first row, first column to the Nth column of the first row are connected in series, and the cells in the first column of each row are connected in series.
[0010] In some embodiments of this application, M equals 3 and N equals 3, and the third row of third column cells are connected in series between the second row of third column cells and the third row of second column cells, or connected in series between the second row of third column cells and the second row of second column cells;
[0011] The positive and negative terminals are located in the third column of the first row and the third column of the second row, respectively.
[0012] In some embodiments of this application, M equals 3 and N is greater than 3. From the first column to the (N-1)th column, at least one column of cells in the third row is connected in series to the next column of cells in the second row or to the next column of cells in the third row.
[0013] In some embodiments of this application, the cells in the third row and the Nth column are connected in series between the cells in the third row and the N-1th column and the Nth column of the second row, and the positive and negative terminals are located in the first row and the Nth column of the second row, respectively.
[0014] or,
[0015] The cells in the second row, column N are connected in series between the cells in the third row, column N-1 and the cells in the third row, column N. The positive and negative terminals are located in the cells in the first row, column N and the cells in the third row, column N, respectively.
[0016] In some embodiments of this application, N is greater than 2, and from the second row to the Mth row, the cells in the second column to the Nth column of each row are connected in series sequentially, and the cells in the Nth column of the third row and the cells in the second column of the second row are connected in series.
[0017] The positive and negative terminals are located in the first row, column N cell and the second row, column N cell, respectively.
[0018] In some embodiments of this application, M equals 3 and N equals 3, and the first column of the third row, the second column of the second row, the second column of the third row, the third column of the third row, and the third column of the second row are connected in series.
[0019] The positive and negative terminals are located in the first row, column N cell and the second row, column N cell, respectively.
[0020] In some embodiments of this application, M equals 3 and N is greater than 2. The cells in the first column of the third row, the second column of the third row, the second column of the second row, the third column of the second row, and the third column of the third row are connected in series. The positive terminal and the negative terminal are located in the cell in the Nth column of the first row and the cell in the Nth column of the third row, respectively.
[0021] In some embodiments of this application, M equals 3 and N is greater than 3. From the fourth column to the Nth column, the cells in each column of the second row are connected in series between the cells in the same column of the third row and the cells in the previous column of the third row.
[0022] The positive and negative terminals are located in the first row, column N cell and the third row, column N cell, respectively.
[0023] In some embodiments of this application, M is greater than 3 and N is greater than 2. From the third row to the Mth row, the positive and negative terminals of each cell in each adjacent row are arranged in opposite directions, and the positive and negative terminals of the cells in the same row are arranged in the same direction.
[0024] From the third row to the M-1 row, the two cells in the N-2 column of every two adjacent rows are connected in series.
[0025] In some embodiments of this application, N is an odd number, and the positive terminal and the negative terminal are located in the Nth column of the first row and the Nth column of the second row, respectively. The cells in the first column of the first row to the Nth column of the first row are connected in series. The cells in the first column of each row are connected in series. The cells in the first column of the Mth row to the Nth column of the Mth row are connected in series.
[0026] In some embodiments of this application, all cells from the fourth row to the Mth row, and from the second column to the Nth column of each row, are connected in series.
[0027] In some embodiments of this application, from the third column to the Nth column, the cells in each column of the third row are connected in series between the cells in the same column of the second row and the cells in the previous column of the second row;
[0028] or,
[0029] From the second row to the Mth row, the cells in the second column to the Nth column of each row are connected in series, and the cells in the Nth column of the third row are connected in series with the cells in the second column of the second row.
[0030] In some embodiments of this application, multiple cells from the second row to the Mth row of each column are connected in series.
[0031] N is an even number, and the positive terminal and negative terminal are located in the Nth column of the first row and the Nth column of the second row, respectively.
[0032] N is an odd number, with the positive terminal and negative terminal located in the cell in the Nth column of the first row and the cell in the Nth column of the Mth row, respectively.
[0033] In some embodiments of this application, N is an even number greater than 3, and the positive terminal and the negative terminal are located in the Nth column of the first row and the Nth column of the Mth row, respectively.
[0034] From the first column to the N-2th column, multiple cells from the second row to the Mth row in each column are connected in series.
[0035] From the fourth row to the Mth row, the two cells in the N-1th column and the Nth column of the same row are connected in series.
[0036] In some embodiments of this application, M is greater than 3 and N is greater than 2. From the third row to the Mth row, the positive and negative terminals of each cell in each adjacent row are arranged in opposite directions, and the positive and negative terminals of the cells in the same row are arranged in the same direction.
[0037] The positive terminal and the negative terminal are located in the Nth column of the first row and the Nth column of the Sth row, respectively, where S is an odd number and 3≤S<M;
[0038] From the second row to the S+1 row, multiple cells in the second column of each row are connected in series.
[0039] The cells in the second row and column X+1 are connected in series between the cells in the second row and column X and the cells in the third row and column X+1, and X is an even number less than N;
[0040] From row S+1 to row M, the cells in the second column to the Nth column of each row are connected in series.
[0041] Secondly, this application also provides an energy storage device including a battery module as described in any of the above technical solutions.
[0042] Thirdly, this application also provides an energy storage system, including an energy storage converter and multiple battery modules as described in any of the above technical solutions, wherein the multiple battery modules are connected in series or in parallel to form a battery cluster, and the battery cluster is connected to the DC side of the energy storage converter.
[0043] The above-mentioned technical solution of this application has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0044] This application optimizes the arrangement of cells in the cell array and improves the series connection structure between cells, enabling the formation of positive and negative terminals in the Nth column of the cell array. This avoids the long-distance cross-row connection required by traditional two-sided lead-out designs, resulting in a more compact battery module assembly structure. Furthermore, traditional long-distance busbars are prone to stress concentration due to vibration, leading to loosening or breakage of connection points. However, with the design described in this application, there is no need for long-distance busbars; the connection to the cell terminals is directly achieved through short-distance busbars, which improves vibration resistance and reliability. Attached Figure Description
[0045] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the series connection of the battery cells in the battery module in the embodiments of this application;
[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of battery cells connected in series with M equal to 3 and N equal to 2 in an embodiment of this application;
[0048] Figure 3a This is one of the schematic diagrams of battery cells connected in series with M equal to 3 and N equal to 3 in the embodiments of this application;
[0049] Figure 3b This is the second schematic diagram of the series connection of battery cells with M equal to 3 and N equal to 3 in the embodiments of this application;
[0050] Figure 4a This is one of the schematic diagrams of battery cells connected in series with M equal to 3 and N greater than 3 in the embodiments of this application;
[0051] Figure 4b This is the second schematic diagram of battery cells connected in series with M equal to 3 and N greater than 3 in the embodiments of this application;
[0052] Figure 5a This is the third schematic diagram of the series connection of battery cells with M equal to 3 and N greater than 3 in the embodiments of this application;
[0053] Figure 5b This is the fourth schematic diagram of the series connection of battery cells with M equal to 3 and N greater than 3 in the embodiments of this application;
[0054] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of battery cells connected in series, where M is an odd number greater than 3 and N is greater than 2, in an embodiment of this application.
[0055] Figure 7 This application provides the third schematic diagram of a series connection of battery cells with M equal to 3 and N equal to 3 in this embodiment.
[0056] Figure 8 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the series connection of battery cells with M equal to 3 and N equal to 3 in the embodiments of this application;
[0057] Figure 9 This is the fifth schematic diagram of the series connection of battery cells with M equal to 3 and N equal to 3 in the embodiments of this application;
[0058] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the series connection of battery cells with M equal to 3 and N greater than 3 in the embodiments of this application;
[0059] Figure 11 This is one of the schematic diagrams of battery cells connected in series in the embodiments of this application, where M is an odd number greater than 3 and N is an odd number;
[0060] Figure 12 This is the second schematic diagram of series connection of battery cells in the embodiments of this application, where M is an odd number greater than 3 and N is an odd number;
[0061] Figure 13 This is one of the schematic diagrams of battery cells connected in series in the embodiments of this application, where M is an odd number greater than 3 and N is an even number;
[0062] Figure 14 This is the third schematic diagram of series connection of battery cells in the embodiments of this application, where M is an odd number greater than 3 and N is an odd number;
[0063] Figure 15 This is the second schematic diagram of battery cells connected in series in the embodiments of this application, where M is an odd number greater than 3 and N is an even number;
[0064] Figures 16a to 16d This is a schematic diagram of the series connection of the cells in the case where M is an odd number greater than 3, and the positive terminal and negative terminal are located in the Nth column of the first row and the Nth column of the S row, respectively.
[0065] Figure 17 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of an energy storage system in the embodiments of this application;
[0066] Figure 18 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system in the embodiments of this application;
[0067] Figure 19 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of another energy storage system in the embodiments of this application;
[0068] Figure 20 This is a second schematic diagram of another energy storage system in the embodiments of this application.
[0069] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0070] 10-Battery cell; 20-Positive terminal; 30-Negative terminal; 40-Energy storage inverter; 401-AC-DC converter; 402-DC-DC converter; 50-Battery cluster; 501-DC converter; 60-Photovoltaic power generation system. Detailed Implementation
[0071] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0072] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.
[0073] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.
[0074] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0075] This application provides a battery module, an energy storage device, and an energy storage system, which are described in detail below. It should be noted that the order of description of the following embodiments is not intended to limit the preferred order of the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, in the following embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphasis; parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to in the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.
[0076] A battery module is the core unit of an energy storage device or system. It can integrate multiple battery cells 10 in series, parallel or series-parallel combination to form a standardized energy unit with specific voltage, capacity and performance.
[0077] All the cells in a battery module are connected in series and parallel to form a positive terminal and a negative terminal. The positive terminal is used to output the positive signal of electrical energy, and the negative terminal is used to output the negative signal of electrical energy. The positive and negative terminals are the core interfaces for the battery module to transmit electrical energy to the outside world. However, when existing battery modules use an odd number of rows, regardless of the connection method (such as "Z" or "serpentine" routing), the terminals of the first and last cells in the series path will inevitably be located on opposite sides. This makes it difficult to bring out the positive and negative terminals of the battery module from the same side of the battery module.
[0078] To this end, this application provides a battery module in which the cell array adopts a unique arrangement to ensure that the cell array forms a positive terminal and a negative terminal on the same side.
[0079] Please refer to Figure 1The battery module includes a cell array, which is composed of M rows and N columns of stacked cells 10, where M is an odd number greater than or equal to 3, and N is greater than or equal to 2. The positive and negative terminals of each cell 10 in the first row are arranged in the opposite direction to those in the third row; the positive and negative terminals of the first column of cells 10 in the second row are arranged in the same direction as those in the first row, while the arrangement of the positive and negative terminals of the first column of cells 10 in the second row is opposite to that of the remaining columns of cells 10 in the second row. Multiple cells 10 in the cell array are connected in series to form a positive terminal 20 and a negative terminal 30 in the Nth column.
[0080] In this technical solution, by optimizing the arrangement of each cell 10 in the cell array and improving the series connection structure between each cell 10, the positive terminal port 20 and the negative terminal port 30 are formed in the Nth column of the cell array. This avoids the long-distance connection across rows required by the traditional two-sided lead-out design, making the assembly structure of the battery module more compact. Furthermore, traditional long-distance busbars are prone to stress concentration due to vibration, leading to loosening or breakage of connection points. However, with the above-mentioned design of this application, there is no need to use long-distance busbars; the connection to the cell 10 terminals is directly achieved through short-distance busbars, which helps to improve vibration resistance and reliability.
[0081] In this design, the battery cells 10 in the first row, from the first column to the Nth column, are connected in series. Furthermore, the battery cells 10 in the first column of each row are also connected in series. This series connection of the battery cells 10 from the first column to the Nth column in the first row requires only a short-distance busbar, reducing material usage and significantly decreasing the physical length of the current loop and the complexity of the manufacturing process. Moreover, compared to traditional solutions, if the series connection of the battery cells 10 in the first column of each row requires irregularly shaped busbars, the number of such busbars would be large, increasing mold development costs and material management complexity. In this application, the battery cells 10 in the first column of each row are connected longitudinally, requiring only irregularly shaped busbars at the connection points between the battery cells 10 in the first column of the first row and the battery cells 10 in the first column of the second row. This reduces the types and number of irregularly shaped busbars, lowers mold development costs, and shortens the design cycle.
[0082] It should be noted that the extension direction of the irregularly shaped busbar intersects with the arrangement direction of each row of cells 10, and also with the arrangement direction of each column of cells 10. Specifically, without considering the necessary bending or extension required when the connecting busbar is welded or bolted to the tabs of the cells 10, if the connecting busbar exhibits the characteristics of extending obliquely from between the positive and negative terminals of the cells 10, having inflection points in the connection path, and having an irregular geometric shape, then it is defined as an irregularly shaped busbar.
[0083] Please refer to Figure 2M equals 3 and N equals 2. The cells 10 in the first column of the third row, the second column of the third row, and the second column of the second row are connected in series. The positive terminal 20 and the negative terminal 30 are located in the second column of the first row and the second column of the second row, respectively.
[0084] like Figure 3a and Figure 3b As shown, M equals 3 and N equals 3. The third row, third column cells 10 are connected in series between the second row, third column cells 10 and the third row, second column cells 10, or connected in series between the second row, third column cells 10 and the second row, second column cells 10. The positive port 20 and negative port 30 are located in the first row, third column cells 10 and the second row, third column cells 10, respectively. In this technical solution, the series path is concentrated in the adjacent columns of the third and second rows, requiring only short-distance connections between rows to complete the electrical connection, reducing the complexity of cross-row connections, thereby improving production efficiency and yield.
[0085] For example, such as Figure 3a As shown, the cells 10 in the first column of the third row, the second column of the third row, the second column of the second row, the third column of the third row, and the third column of the second row are connected in series. Current flows sequentially through the first column of the third row → the second column of the third row → the second column of the second row → the third column of the third row → the third column of the second row, and finally exits from the negative terminal 30 of the cell 10 in the third column of the second row. Alternatively, as... Figure 3b As shown, the first column of the third row, the second column of the second row, the second column of the third row, the third column of the third row, and the third column of the second row are connected in series with the third column of the second row. The current flows through the first column of the third row → the second column of the second row → the second column of the third row → the third column of the third row → the third column of the second row, and finally flows out from the negative terminal 30 of the third column of the second row.
[0086] like Figure 4a , Figure 4b , Figure 5a and Figure 5b As shown, M equals 3 and N is greater than 3. From the first column to the (N-1)th column, at least one column of cell 10 in the third row is connected in series to the next column of cell 10 in the second row or in series to the next column of cell 10 in the third row. This avoids long-distance detours across rows, thereby reducing the extra length of cross-row connections, which can shorten the current path to a certain extent and improve the power transmission efficiency.
[0087] Please refer to Figure 4a and Figure 4bThe third row, Nth column cell 10 is connected in series between the third row, N-1th column cell 10 and the second row, Nth column cell 10. The positive port 20 and negative port 30 are located in the first row, Nth column cell 10 and the second row, Nth column cell 10, respectively. This design allows current to flow directly from the third row, N-1th column to the third row, Nth column, then to the second row, Nth column, and finally out of the second row, forming a compact "Z-shaped" path, avoiding the long-distance bypass of traditional cross-row designs. Furthermore, the positive port 20 and negative port 30 are located on the same side of adjacent rows, simplifying the assembly process, reducing the mechanical stress risk from cross-row connections, and avoiding short-circuit hazards that may result from side-lead designs, thus enhancing system safety and reliability.
[0088] Please refer to Figure 5a and Figure 5b The second row, column N cell 10 is connected in series between the third row, column N-1 cell 10 and the third row, column N cell 10. The positive port 20 and negative port 30 are located in the first row, column N cell 10 and the third row, column N cell 10, respectively. The positive port 20 and negative port 30 are on the same side, avoiding the short-circuit risk that may arise from traditional two-sided lead-out designs. Furthermore, the same-side port layout concentrates the current loop, facilitating focused protection of the port area, such as by installing high-strength insulating sleeves, while also improving assembly efficiency.
[0089] Specifically, Figure 4a and Figure 5a In the illustrated embodiment, only the series connection method of the three cells 10 in the third row, column N-1, the third row, column N, and the second row, column N is different. The connection method of these three cells 10 depends on the position of the negative terminal 30. Similarly, Figure 4b and Figure 5b In the embodiment shown, only the series connection method of the three cells 10 in the third row, column N-1, the third row, column N, and the second row, column N is different. The connection method of the three cells 10 depends on the position of the negative terminal 30.
[0090] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 6In this embodiment, N is greater than 2. From the second row to the Mth row, each cell 10 in the second to Nth columns of each row is connected in series. Similarly, the cell 10 in the Nth column of the third row and the cell 10 in the second column of the second row are connected in series. The positive terminal 20 and the negative terminal 30 are located in the cell 10 in the Nth column of the first row and the cell 10 in the Nth column of the second row, respectively. In this embodiment, the third row to the Mth row form an S-shaped series path. Furthermore, this series structure has only two irregularly shaped connecting rows. One irregularly shaped row connects the cell 10 in the first column of the first row and the cell 10 in the first column of the second row, while the other irregularly shaped row connects the cell 10 in the Nth column of the Mth row and the cell 10 in the second column of the second row, thus effectively reducing the number of irregularly shaped rows used. Moreover, the third row to the Mth row has a fixed series sequence, facilitating precise operation by automated equipment (such as welding robots), reducing human error, and improving production efficiency and consistency.
[0091] It should be noted that in this embodiment, if M equals 3 and N equals 3, then... Figure 7 As shown, the cells 10 in the first to third columns of the third row are connected in series, the cells 10 in the second column of the second row and the cells 10 in the third column of the second row are connected in series, and the cells 10 in the third column of the third row and the cells 10 in the second column of the second row are connected in series. The positive terminal 20 and the negative terminal 30 are located in the cells 10 in the third column of the first row and the cells 10 in the third column of the second row, respectively.
[0092] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 8 As shown, M equals 3 and N equals 3. Cells 10 in the first column of the third row, the second column of the second row, the second column of the third row, the third column of the third row, and the third column of the second row are connected in series. The positive port 20 and the negative port 30 are located in the Nth column of the first row and the Nth column of the second row, respectively. Current flows sequentially through the first column of the third row → the second column of the second row → the second column of the third row → the third column of the third row → the third column of the second row, forming a continuous path. This series path connects adjacent cells 10 only through short-distance connecting blocks, significantly shortening the path length, reducing line resistance, and improving current transmission efficiency.
[0093] Please combine Figure 9 and Figure 10In this embodiment, M equals 3 and N is greater than 2. The cells 10 in the first column of the third row, the second column of the third row, the second column of the second row, the third column of the second row, and the third column of the third row are connected in series. The positive port 20 and the negative port 30 are located in the cell 10 in the Nth column of the first row and the cell 10 in the Nth column of the third row, respectively. The current flows sequentially through the first column of the third row → the second column of the third row → the second column of the second row → the third column of the second row → the third column of the third row, forming a compact path with the third row as the main axis and the second row partially interspersed. The current does not need to travel long distances across rows, but only connects adjacent cells 10 through short connecting columns, greatly shortening the path length and improving the current transmission efficiency.
[0094] Please continue to refer to Figure 10 When M equals 3 and N is greater than 3, from the fourth column to the Nth column, the cells 10 in each column of the second row are connected in series between the cells 10 in the same column of the third row and the cells 10 in the preceding column of the third row. The positive terminal 20 and the negative terminal 30 are located at the cells 10 in the Nth column of the first row and the cells 10 in the Nth column of the third row, respectively. When M = 3 (3 rows of cells 10) and N > 3 (number of columns greater than 3), from the fourth column to the Nth column, the cells 10 in the second row are connected in series between the cells 10 in the same column of the third row and the cells 10 in the preceding column of the third row. For example, the current flows sequentially through the third column of the third row → the fourth column of the second row → the fourth column of the third row. Because the relative positions of the cells 10 in the second row and the cells 10 in the adjacent columns of the third row are fixed, the connection can be completed by a short-distance connecting row, greatly simplifying the connection structure.
[0095] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figures 11 to 15 As shown, M is greater than 3 and N is greater than 2. From the third row to the Mth row, the positive and negative terminals of each cell 10 in every two adjacent rows are arranged in opposite directions, and the positive and negative terminals of the cells 10 in the same row are arranged in the same direction. This allows the positive and negative terminals of cells 10 in adjacent rows to be directly connected without the need for additional adjustments or complex adapter structures. From the third row to the M-1th row, the two cells 10 in the N-2th column of every two adjacent rows are connected in series. The series connection is only achieved through a short connecting strip connecting the cells 10 in the N-2th column of every two adjacent rows from the third row to the M-1th row. This series connection path is short and direct, simplifying the series connection process. In other words, from the third row to the M-1th row, the two cells 10 in the N-2th column of every two adjacent rows are connected in series through a connecting strip, and the extension direction of this connecting strip is the same as the arrangement direction of each column of cells 10.
[0096] In this design, each row of cells 10 is arranged sequentially along a first direction, and each column of cells 10 is arranged sequentially along a second direction. All cells 10 in rows 4 to 1M are connected by connecting strips extending along either the first or second direction. In other words, when connecting all cells 10 in rows 4 to 1M in series, this application eliminates the need for irregularly shaped strips; instead, standardized straight connecting strips are used to connect adjacent cells 10 (which can be in adjacent rows or columns), significantly reducing material costs. Furthermore, it reduces alignment errors caused by the complex shape of irregularly shaped strips, improving assembly efficiency.
[0097] Please refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12 In this embodiment, N is an odd number, and the positive terminal 20 and the negative terminal 30 are located in the Nth column of the first row and the Nth column of the second row, respectively. The cells 10 in the first column to the Nth column of the first row are connected in series. The cells 10 in the first column of each row are connected in series. The cells 10 in the first column of the Mth row are connected in series. This makes the series path between all cells 10 in the first row, all cells 10 in the first column, and all cells 10 in the Mth row direct and short, which significantly reduces the line resistance and process difficulty and improves production efficiency.
[0098] Furthermore, in order to further shorten the series path of each cell 10 in the battery array, all cells 10 from the fourth row to the Mth row, and from the second column to the Nth column of each row, are connected in series sequentially. The series connection is only through short connecting blocks to connect adjacent cells 10, resulting in fewer connection points, further reducing contact resistance and improving current transmission efficiency, especially under high current scenarios.
[0099] like Figure 11 As shown, from the third column to the Nth column, the cells 10 in each column of the third row are connected in series between the cells 10 in the same column of the second row and the cells 10 in the previous column of the second row. This embeds the cells 10 in the third row from the third column to the Nth column into the series path of the cells 10 in adjacent columns of the second row. In other words, the cells 10 in the third row from the third column to the Nth column only need to be connected in series over a short distance between adjacent columns in the second row. Electrical connection can be completed through this short-distance connection, significantly simplifying the connection structure.
[0100] like Figure 12 As shown, from the second row to the Mth row, each cell 10 in the second to Nth columns of each row is connected in series, and the cell 10 in the Nth column of the third row is connected in series with the cell 10 in the second column of the second row. Therefore, when the cells 10 in the second to Nth columns of each row are connected in series from the second row to the Mth row, only one irregularly shaped strip is needed to connect the cell 10 in the Nth column of the third row with the cell 10 in the second column of the second row. The remaining cells 10 are connected in series with adjacent cells 10 through short-distance straight strip connecting strips. The path is short and there are no bends, resulting in extremely low contact resistance and line impedance, ensuring efficient current transmission.
[0101] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 13 and Figure 14 In each column, multiple cells 10 from the second row to the Mth row are connected in series. That is, the cells 10 in each column are connected in series with adjacent cells 10 via short, straight connecting strips, resulting in a short current flow path and ensuring efficient current transmission. For example, Figure 13 As shown, N is an even number, and the positive terminal 20 and negative terminal 30 are located in the first row, Nth column of cell 10 and the second row, Nth column of cell 10, respectively. Figure 14 As shown, N is an odd number, and the positive port 20 and negative port 30 are located in the Nth column of the first row and the Nth column of the Mth row of the cell 10, respectively. The above two wiring methods can be applied to different usage scenarios.
[0102] like Figure 15 As shown, N is an even number greater than 3, and the positive terminal 20 and negative terminal 30 are located in the Nth column of the first row and the Nth column of the Mth row, respectively. From the first column to the (N-2)th column, multiple cells 10 in the second to the Mth columns of each column are connected in series. From the fourth row to the Mth row, two cells 10 in the (N-1)th and Nth columns of the same row are connected in series. Thus, from the first column to the (N-2)th column, and from the fourth row to the Mth row, multiple cells 10 are connected in series with adjacent cells 10 through short-distance connecting blocks, ensuring efficient current transmission through short paths. In addition, the (N-1)th column of the second row, the (N-1)th column of the third row, the Nth column of the second row, and the (N-1)th column of the third row are connected in series in sequence.
[0103] Please refer to Figures 16a to 16d In this embodiment, M is greater than 3 and N is greater than 2. From the third row to the Mth row, the positive and negative terminals of each cell 10 in each adjacent row are arranged in opposite directions, and the positive and negative terminals of the cells 10 in the same row are arranged in the same direction. The positive terminal 20 and the negative terminal 30 are located in the Nth column of the first row and the Nth column of the Sth row, respectively, where S is an odd number and 3 ≤ S < M. From the second row to the (S+1)th row, multiple cells 10 in the second column of each row are connected in series. The cells 10 in the (X+1)th column of the second row are connected in series between the cells 10 in the second to Xth columns and the cells 10 in the (X+1)th column of the third row, where X is an even number less than N. From the (S+1)th row to the Mth row, each cell 10 in the second to Nth columns of each row is connected in series. In other words, in this embodiment, one of the positive port 20 and the negative port 30 can be located in the Sth row and Nth column of cell 10, and the other can be located in the first row and Nth column of cell 10.
[0104] In some embodiments of this application, this application also provides an energy storage device, which includes the battery module described in any of the above technical solutions. Since the battery module in the energy storage device has the same structure as the battery module described in any of the above technical solutions, the two can solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects.
[0105] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 17 As shown, this application also provides an energy storage system, which includes an energy storage inverter 40 and multiple battery modules as described in any of the above technical solutions. The multiple battery modules are connected in series or in parallel to form a battery cluster 50, and the battery cluster 50 is connected to the DC side of the energy storage inverter 40. Since the battery modules in this energy storage system have the same structure as the battery modules described in any of the above technical solutions, both can solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects.
[0106] In this system, the cells 10 inside each battery module are connected in series to form a fixed voltage and capacity unit. Multiple battery modules can be connected in series or parallel to form a battery cluster 50. The battery cluster 50 is connected to the DC side of the energy storage inverter 40 through a DC bus, avoiding complex cable branches and conversion structures, and reducing installation difficulty and material costs.
[0107] like Figure 17 As shown, the battery cluster 50 also includes multiple DC-DC converters 501. Each battery module is connected in parallel to the DC side of the AC-DC converter 401 in the energy storage inverter 40 through its corresponding DC-DC converter 501. This application, through an independent DC-DC converter 501, can precisely adjust the output voltage and current of each battery module to meet the unified requirements of the DC side of the energy storage inverter 40, thereby enabling flexible parallel connection of battery modules with different parameters and improving the compatibility of the energy storage system.
[0108] like Figure 18 As shown, multiple battery modules are connected in series to form a battery cluster 50. The battery cluster 50 is connected to the DC side of the AC-DC converter 401 in the energy storage inverter 40 via a junction box. The battery cluster 50 uses a series connection of battery modules, combined with the standardized connection of the junction box, giving the energy storage system stronger modularity. Users can flexibly increase or decrease the number of battery modules according to actual needs, quickly expanding or reducing the capacity of the energy storage system, improving the system's adaptability and scalability. The junction box contains switches, protective wiring devices, and a DC-DC converter.
[0109] like Figure 19 As shown, it is similar to Figure 17The difference in the illustrated embodiment is that the battery cluster 50 is not directly connected to the DC side of the energy storage inverter 40, but is indirectly connected to the DC side of the energy storage inverter 40 through the DC-DC converter 402 in the energy storage inverter 40. The energy storage inverter 40 usually has specific input voltage range requirements, and the intermediate DC-DC converter 501 can boost or buck the voltage output by the battery cluster 50 to stabilize it at a voltage level suitable for the energy storage inverter 40 to connect to.
[0110] like Figure 20 As shown, it is similar to Figure 18 The difference in the illustrated embodiment is that the junction box is not directly connected to the DC side of the energy storage inverter 40, but is indirectly connected to the DC side of the energy storage inverter 40 through the DC-DC converter 402 in the energy storage inverter 40.
[0111] It should be noted that, in Figure 19 and Figure 20 In the illustrated embodiment, the energy storage inverter 40 also includes an AC-DC converter 401, and a DC-DC converter 402 in the energy storage inverter 40 is connected to the DC side of the AC-DC converter 401. The AC-DC converter 401 can efficiently convert grid AC power to DC power to charge the battery during charging, and invert the battery DC power back to AC power for grid connection or to supply the load during discharging. The DC-DC converter 402 can precisely adjust the voltage of the battery cluster 50 to match the DC bus requirements of the energy storage inverter 40, and also avoids the circulating current problem caused by direct parallel connection of batteries, improving system safety.
[0112] Based on the above embodiments, the energy storage system further includes a photovoltaic power generation system 60, which is connected to the DC side of the energy storage inverter 40. The photovoltaic power generation system 60 converts solar energy into direct current (DC) through photovoltaic modules. The energy storage inverter 40 can invert the DC power from the photovoltaic power generation system 60 into alternating current (AC) and feed it into the power grid, or rectify the AC power from the power grid into DC power to charge the battery.
[0113] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0114] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of protection of the claims. Furthermore, specific examples have been used in the specification to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application, and the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.
Claims
1. A battery module, characterized by, include: A cell array is composed of M rows and N columns of stacked cells, where M is an odd number greater than or equal to 3 and N is greater than or equal to 2. The arrangement direction of the positive and negative terminals of each cell in the first row is opposite to that of each cell in the third row; the arrangement direction of the positive and negative terminals of the cells in the first column of the second row is the same as that of the cells in the first row, and the arrangement direction of the positive and negative terminals of the cells in the first column of the second row is opposite to that of the cells in the remaining columns of the second row. Multiple cells in the cell array are connected in series to form a positive terminal and a negative terminal in the Nth column.
2. The battery module of claim 1, wherein, The battery cells in the first row, first column to the Nth column of the first row are connected in series, and the battery cells in the first column of each row are connected in series.
3. The battery module of claim 2, wherein, M equals 3 and N equals 3. The cells in the third row and third column are connected in series between the cells in the third row and third column of the second row and the cells in the second row and second column of the third row, or connected in series between the cells in the third row and third column of the second row and the cells in the second row and second column of the second row. The positive terminal and the negative terminal are located in the third column of the first row of the battery cell and the third column of the second row of the battery cell, respectively.
4. The battery module of claim 2, wherein, M equals 3 and N is greater than 3. From the first column to the (N-1)th column, at least one column of the battery cells in the third row is connected in series with the battery cells in the column after the second row or in series with the battery cells in the column after the third row.
5. The battery module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The battery cells in the third row and Nth column are connected in series between the battery cells in the third row and N-1th column and the battery cells in the second row and Nth column, respectively. The positive terminal and the negative terminal are located in the battery cells in the first row and Nth column and the battery cells in the second row and Nth column, respectively. or, The battery cells in the second row, column N are connected in series between the battery cells in the third row, column N-1 and the battery cells in the third row, column N. The positive terminal and the negative terminal are located in the battery cells in the first row, column N and the battery cells in the third row, column N, respectively.
6. The battery module of claim 2, wherein, N is greater than 2. From the second row to the Mth row, the cells in the second column to the Nth column of each row are connected in series. The cells in the Nth column of the third row and the cells in the second column of the second row are connected in series. The positive terminal and the negative terminal are located in the first row, Nth column of the battery cell and the second row, Nth column of the battery cell, respectively.
7. The battery module of claim 2, wherein, M equals 3 and N equals 3. The cells in the first column of the third row, the second column of the second row, the second column of the third row, the third column of the third row, and the third column of the second row are connected in series. The positive terminal and the negative terminal are located in the first row, Nth column of the battery cell and the second row, Nth column of the battery cell, respectively.
8. The battery module of claim 2, wherein, M equals 3 and N is greater than 2. The cells in the first column of the third row, the second column of the third row, the second column of the second row, the third column of the second row, and the third column of the third row are connected in series. The positive terminal and the negative terminal are located in the cell in the Nth column of the first row and the cell in the Nth column of the third row, respectively.
9. The battery module of claim 2, wherein, M equals 3 and N is greater than 3. From the fourth column to the Nth column, the cells in each column of the second row are connected in series between the cells in the same column of the third row and the cells in the previous column of the third row. The positive terminal and the negative terminal are located in the first row, column N cell and the third row, column N cell, respectively.
10. The battery module of claim 1, wherein, M is greater than 3 and N is greater than 2. From the third row to the Mth row, the positive and negative terminals of each cell in each adjacent row are arranged in opposite directions, and the positive and negative terminals of the cells in the same row are arranged in the same direction. From the third row to the M-1 row, the two cells in the N-2 column of each adjacent row are connected in series.
11. The battery module of claim 10, wherein, N is an odd number, and the positive terminal and the negative terminal are located in the Nth column of the first row and the Nth column of the second row, respectively. The cells in the first column of the first row to the Nth column of the first row are connected in series. The cells in the first column of each row are connected in series. The cells in the first column of the Mth row to the Nth column of the Mth row are connected in series.
12. The battery module of claim 11, wherein, From the fourth row to the Mth row, all cells from the second column to the Nth column of each row are connected in series.
13. The battery module according to claim 12, characterized in that, From the third column to the Nth column, the battery cells in each column of the third row are connected in series between the battery cells in the same column of the second row and the battery cells in the previous column of the second row; or, From the second row to the Mth row, the cells in the second column to the Nth column of each row are connected in series, and the cells in the Nth column of the third row are connected in series with the cells in the second column of the second row.
14. The battery module according to claim 10, characterized in that, Multiple cells from the second row to the Mth row of each column are connected in series. N is an even number, and the positive terminal and the negative terminal are located in the Nth column of the first row and the Nth column of the second row, respectively. N is an odd number, and the positive terminal and the negative terminal are located in the Nth column of the first row and the Nth column of the Mth row, respectively.
15. The battery module of claim 10, wherein, N is an even number greater than 3, and the positive terminal and the negative terminal are located in the Nth column of the first row and the Nth column of the Mth row, respectively. From the first column to the N-2th column, multiple battery cells from the second row to the Mth row in each column are connected in series. From the fourth row to the Mth row, the two cells in the N-1th and Nth columns of the same row are connected in series.
16. The battery module of claim 1, wherein, M is greater than 3 and N is greater than 2. From the third row to the Mth row, the positive and negative terminals of each cell in each adjacent row are arranged in opposite directions, and the positive and negative terminals of the cells in the same row are arranged in the same direction. The positive terminal and the negative terminal are located in the Nth column of the first row and the Nth column of the S row, respectively, where S is an odd number and 3≤S<M; From the second row to the S+1 row, multiple cells in the second column of each row are connected in series. The battery cells in the second row, column X+1 are connected in series between the battery cells in the second row to column X and the battery cells in the third row, column X+1, where X is an even number less than N; From row S+1 to row M, the cells in each row, from the second column to the Nth column, are connected in series.
17. An energy storage device, comprising: The battery module includes any one of claims 1 to 16.
18. An energy storage system characterized by, It includes an energy storage converter and a plurality of battery modules as described in any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the plurality of battery modules are connected in series or in parallel to form a battery cluster, and the battery cluster is connected to the DC side of the energy storage converter.