A power distribution system and charging pile

Abstract

This utility model provides a power distribution system and charging pile, including a circuit breaker module, an AC contact module, and multiple rectifier modules. The circuit breaker module includes at least one circuit breaker, and the AC contact module includes multiple AC contactors. The input terminal of the circuit breaker is electrically connected to the AC power grid, and the output terminal of the circuit breaker is electrically connected to the input terminals of the multiple AC contactors. The output terminals of the AC contactors are electrically connected to the input terminals of the corresponding rectifier modules. This utility model designs a newly added AC contactor to supply power solely to the rectifier module with charging needs. The other modules have no AC input, thus eliminating reactive power loss and effectively reducing reactive power loss during the operation of the power distribution system, thereby improving the operating efficiency of the power distribution system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of charging technology, and in particular to a power distribution system and a charging pile. Background Technology

[0002] DC charging piles primarily convert AC power input from the power grid into DC power that meets the charging needs of electric vehicles through a series of transformations and controls. They also provide precise control and protection during the charging process, ensuring safe and efficient charging of electric vehicle batteries. Currently, the internal circuitry of a DC charging pile typically consists of an AC input circuit, a rectifier module, a charging control and protection circuit, an auxiliary power supply circuit, and a communication circuit. The AC input circuit provides 380V AC power to the rectifier module. When a module in a DC charging pile needs charging, it communicates with the vehicle's Battery Management System (BMS) via CAN communication to obtain battery status information such as voltage, current, and temperature. Based on the vehicle's needs, it adjusts the output parameters to achieve precise control of different stages, such as constant current charging and constant voltage charging. The remaining rectifier modules, which do not require charging, remain in standby mode.

[0003] The AC input circuit of a DC charging pile is connected to the mains power supply via a circuit breaker. The circuit breaker can disconnect the circuit in case of overload, short circuit, or other faults to protect the equipment. Then, it passes through an AC contactor, which can be controlled by the charging pile's internal monitoring unit to control the AC power supply to the rectifier modules. However, each input circuit breaker is typically equipped with one AC contactor, and multiple rectifier modules are connected to each contactor. When only one set of modules needs charging, other modules that do not need charging will also receive AC input, resulting in reactive power loss and reducing the overall system efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a power distribution system and a charging pile, aiming to solve the problem of large reactive power loss during the operation of power distribution systems in related technologies.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the first aspect of this utility model provides a power distribution system, including a circuit breaker module, an AC contact module, and multiple rectifier modules. The input terminal of the circuit breaker module is electrically connected to the AC power grid, the output terminal of the circuit breaker module is electrically connected to the input terminal of the AC contact module, and the output terminal of the AC contact module is electrically connected to the input terminal of the rectifier modules.

[0006] The circuit breaker module includes at least one circuit breaker, and the AC contact module includes multiple AC contactors; the input terminal of the circuit breaker is electrically connected to the AC power grid, the output terminal of the circuit breaker is electrically connected to the input terminals of the multiple AC contactors, and the output terminals of the AC contactors are electrically connected to the corresponding input terminals of the rectifier module.

[0007] Furthermore, the power distribution system also includes a power distribution unit and multiple output modules. The input terminal of the power distribution unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the rectifier module, and the output terminal of the power distribution unit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the output module.

[0008] Furthermore, the power distribution unit includes a positive power distribution unit and a negative power distribution unit. The input terminal of the positive power distribution unit is electrically connected to the positive output terminal of the rectifier module, and the output terminal of the positive power distribution unit is electrically connected to the positive input terminal of the output module. The input terminal of the negative power distribution unit is electrically connected to the negative output terminal of the rectifier module, and the output terminal of the negative power distribution unit is electrically connected to the negative input terminal of the output module.

[0009] Furthermore, the circuit breaker module includes a first circuit breaker and a second circuit breaker, the AC contact module includes a first AC contactor, a second AC contactor, a third AC contactor, a fourth AC contactor and a fifth AC contactor, and the power distribution system includes a first rectifier module, a second rectifier module, a third rectifier module, a fourth rectifier module and a fifth rectifier module;

[0010] The output terminal of the first circuit breaker is electrically connected to the input terminals of the first AC contactor, the second AC contactor, the third AC contactor, the fourth AC contactor, and the fifth AC contactor. The output terminals of the first AC contactor, the second AC contactor, the third AC contactor, the fourth AC contactor, and the fifth AC contactor are respectively electrically connected to the input terminals of the first rectifier module, the second rectifier module, the third rectifier module, the fourth rectifier module, and the fifth rectifier module.

[0011] Furthermore, the circuit breaker module also includes a second circuit breaker, the AC contact module also includes a sixth AC contactor, a seventh AC contactor, an eighth AC contactor, a ninth AC contactor and a tenth AC contactor, and the power distribution system includes a sixth rectifier module, a seventh rectifier module, an eighth rectifier module, a ninth rectifier module and a tenth rectifier module;

[0012] The output terminal of the second circuit breaker is electrically connected to the input terminals of the sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth AC contactors. The output terminals of the sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth AC contactors are respectively electrically connected to the input terminals of the sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth rectifier modules.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes an eleventh rectifier module and a twelfth rectifier module, wherein the input terminal of the eleventh rectifier module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the fifth AC contactor, and the input terminal of the twelfth rectifier module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the tenth AC contactor.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a monitoring module, which is used to connect to the AC contact module.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a circuit protection module, which is electrically connected to the rectifier module.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes an auxiliary power supply module, which is electrically connected to the circuit protection module.

[0017] The second aspect of this utility model provides a charging pile, including a power distribution system as described in any one of the above.

[0018] As can be seen from the above description, compared with related technologies, this utility model designs an additional AC contactor in the scenario where multiple rectifier modules originally share one AC contactor in the AC input circuit. This allows the newly added AC contactor to supply power to the rectifier module that needs charging, while the other modules will not generate reactive power loss without AC input. This can effectively reduce reactive power loss during the operation of the power distribution system and improve the operating efficiency of the power distribution system. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an existing power distribution system.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power distribution system provided in the first aspect of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a detailed structural diagram of a power distribution system provided in the first aspect of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another detailed power distribution system provided in the first aspect of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another detailed power distribution system provided in the first aspect of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another power distribution system provided in the first aspect of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a detailed circuit diagram of a power distribution system provided in the first aspect of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Throughout the description, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0027] DC charging piles primarily convert AC power input from the power grid into DC power that meets the charging needs of electric vehicles through a series of transformations and controls. They also provide precise control and protection during the charging process, ensuring safe and efficient charging of electric vehicle batteries. Currently, the internal circuitry of a DC charging pile typically consists of an AC input circuit, a rectifier module, a charging control and protection circuit, an auxiliary power supply circuit, and a communication circuit. The AC input circuit provides 380V AC power to the rectifier module. When a module in a DC charging pile needs charging, it communicates with the vehicle's Battery Management System (BMS) via CAN communication to obtain battery status information such as voltage, current, and temperature. Based on the vehicle's needs, it adjusts the output parameters to achieve precise control of different stages, such as constant current charging and constant voltage charging. The remaining rectifier modules, which do not require charging, remain in standby mode.

[0028] The AC input circuit of a DC charging pile is connected to the mains power supply via a circuit breaker. The circuit breaker can disconnect the circuit in case of overload, short circuit, or other faults to protect the equipment. Then, it passes through an AC contactor, which can be controlled by the charging pile's internal monitoring unit to control the AC power supply to the rectifier module. However, as... Figure 1The diagram shows how mains power supplies 12 rectifier modules through two AC input circuits. Each input circuit is typically equipped with an AC contactor, and multiple rectifier modules are connected after each contactor. When only one module needs charging, other modules that do not need charging will also have AC input, resulting in reactive power loss and reducing the overall operating efficiency of the system.

[0029] As can be seen from the above, in related technologies, due to the problem of large reactive power loss during the operation of power distribution systems, this utility model embodiment provides a power distribution system.

[0030] like Figure 2 The diagram shows a power distribution system according to a first aspect of the present invention. The power distribution system includes a circuit breaker module 10, an AC contact module 20, and multiple rectifier modules 30. The circuit breaker module 10 includes at least one circuit breaker 101, and the AC contact module 20 includes multiple AC contactors 201, 202... The input terminal of the circuit breaker 101 is electrically connected to the AC power grid, and the output terminal of the circuit breaker 101 is electrically connected to the input terminals of the multiple AC contactors 201, 202... The output terminals of the AC contactors 201, 202... are electrically connected to the input terminals of the corresponding rectifier modules 30.

[0031] Specifically, typically, each incoming power line has only one AC contactor after a circuit breaker, and all rectifier modules are connected after the single AC contactor. In this embodiment, an additional AC contactor is designed so that the rectifier module with charging needs can be powered separately through the added AC contactor. The other modules will not generate reactive power loss without AC input, thereby effectively reducing reactive power loss during the operation of the power distribution system and improving the operating efficiency of the power distribution system.

[0032] like Figure 3 The diagram shown is a detailed structural schematic of a power distribution system provided in the first aspect of this utility model. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 3 The power distribution system also includes a power distribution unit 40 and multiple output modules 50. The input terminal of the power distribution unit 40 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the rectifier module 30, and the output terminal of the power distribution unit 40 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the output module 50.

[0033] Specifically, in a power distribution system, the core function of a rectifier module is to convert the input AC power into stable DC power, providing DC input for subsequent DC loads. However, the DC power output from a rectifier module is typically a single, high-power DC output, while subsequent loads or output modules often do not require such high power. Therefore, a power distribution unit is needed to provide appropriate power output based on the characteristics of the external load.

[0034] Furthermore, the power distribution unit includes a positive power distribution unit and a negative power distribution unit. The input terminal of the positive power distribution unit is electrically connected to the positive output terminal of the rectifier module, and the output terminal of the positive power distribution unit is electrically connected to the positive input terminal of the output module. The input terminal of the negative power distribution unit is electrically connected to the negative output terminal of the rectifier module, and the output terminal of the negative power distribution unit is electrically connected to the negative input terminal of the output module.

[0035] Specifically, in some embodiments, the power distribution unit includes a positive power distribution unit and a negative power distribution unit, which have identical structures, configurations, and operations. The physical isolation design of the positive and negative electrodes significantly reduces the risk of short circuits, making it particularly suitable for high-voltage applications. The symmetrical layout of the positive and negative electrodes also reduces line impedance differences, ensuring uniform distribution of the charging module's output current and reducing heat loss. Independent bipolar control can quickly cut off fault paths, preventing excessive equipment damage or personal injury. Furthermore, the power distribution unit features a pluggable design; when maintenance is needed, the unit can be quickly replaced simply by disconnecting the power and removing the fixing screws at both ends, without needing to disassemble the copper busbars or cables.

[0036] like Figure 4 The diagram shown is a further detailed structural schematic of a power distribution system provided in the first aspect of this utility model. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4 The circuit breaker module includes a first circuit breaker 101; the AC contact module includes a first AC contactor 201, a second AC contactor 202, a third AC contactor 203, a fourth AC contactor 204, and a fifth AC contactor 205; the power distribution system includes a first rectifier module 301, a second rectifier module 302, a third rectifier module 303, a fourth rectifier module 304, and a fifth rectifier module 305; the output terminal of the first circuit breaker 101 is electrically connected to the input terminals of the first AC contactor 201, the second AC contactor 202, and the third AC contactor 205. The input terminals of AC contactors 203, 204, and 205, and the output terminals of AC contactors 201, 202, 203, 204, and 205 are respectively electrically connected to the input terminals of the first rectifier module 301, 302, 303, 404, and 305.

[0037] Furthermore, the circuit breaker module also includes a second circuit breaker 102, the AC contact module includes a sixth AC contactor 206, a seventh AC contactor 207, an eighth AC contactor 208, a ninth AC contactor 209, and a tenth AC contactor 210, and the power distribution system includes a sixth rectifier module 306, a seventh rectifier module 307, an eighth rectifier module 308, a ninth rectifier module 309, and a tenth rectifier module 310; the output terminal of the second circuit breaker 102 is electrically connected to the input terminals of the sixth AC contactor 206, the seventh AC contactor 207, and the eighth AC contactor 208. The input terminals of contactor 208, the ninth AC contactor 209, and the tenth AC contactor 210, and the output terminals of the sixth AC contactor 206, the seventh AC contactor 207, the eighth AC contactor 208, the ninth AC contactor 209, and the tenth AC contactor 210 are respectively electrically connected to the input terminals of the sixth rectifier module 306, the seventh rectifier module 307, the eighth rectifier module 308, the ninth rectifier module 309, and the tenth rectifier module 310.

[0038] Specifically, Figure 4 This paper illustrates a specific power distribution system structure. Connected to the AC power grid via two circuit breakers, it has two AC inputs and five rectifier outputs after each circuit breaker. In existing systems, each circuit breaker is connected to only one AC contactor, which is then connected to each of the five rectifier modules. However, in this embodiment, each rectifier module is equipped with its own AC contactor, creating a one-to-one correspondence, as shown in the figure. This ensures that each output is equipped with a dedicated AC contactor. When a single output module has power demand, the corresponding AC contactor can be closed. Since the other modules have no AC input, no reactive power loss occurs, effectively reducing reactive power loss during power distribution system operation and improving the system's operating efficiency.

[0039] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 The diagram shown is a further detailed structural schematic of a power distribution system provided in the first aspect of the present invention. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 5 The power distribution system also includes an eleventh rectifier module and a twelfth rectifier module. The input terminal of the eleventh rectifier module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the fifth AC contactor, and the input terminal of the twelfth rectifier module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the tenth AC contactor.

[0040] Specifically, in this embodiment, there are two additional rectifier modules, connected in parallel to the output terminals of the fifth and tenth AC contactors, respectively, forming a complete embodiment where two AC inputs power twelve sets of rectifier modules. This corresponds to... Figure 1The specific existing embodiments are described below. It is understood that, in specific situations, not all rectifier modules need to be configured with a corresponding AC contactor. In addition to saving component size, in actual situations, there may be a need to call two or more rectifier modules and outputs. In such cases, the corresponding modules can be directly assigned to work. Therefore, the AC contactor can be configured according to specific requirements.

[0041] like Figure 6 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of another power distribution system provided in an embodiment of this utility model. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 6 The power distribution system also includes a monitoring module 60, which is used to connect to the AC contact module.

[0042] Specifically, in some embodiments, the AC power distribution section replaces the original two AC contactors with two incoming lines with ten smaller AC contactors (NDC2-150RX). Five AC contactors are connected to the downstream end of each circuit breaker, allowing independent control of the AC power supply for each rectifier module. Inactive rectifier modules can have their AC power disconnected to avoid reactive power consumption. The monitoring module includes a dedicated EU2 monitoring unit. The ten newly added smaller AC contactors use separate EU2 monitoring units, sharing an RS485 communication channel with the existing AC board. The EU2 monitoring unit's I / O ports indirectly control the power supply to the AC contactor coils by controlling intermediate relays, and simultaneously determine the current status of the contactors through their auxiliary contacts.

[0043] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 As shown, the power distribution system also includes a circuit protection module 70, which is electrically connected to the AC contact module.

[0044] Furthermore, the power distribution system also includes an auxiliary power supply module, which is electrically connected to the circuit protection module.

[0045] Furthermore, the circuit breaker in the power distribution system is a molded case circuit breaker.

[0046] Specifically, in this embodiment, a circuit protection module, including a residual current device (RCD) and a surge protector, is also provided in the power distribution system to identify and block abnormal electrical conditions, preventing the fault from spreading to the main circuit or load equipment, thereby protecting system reliability and equipment safety. In addition, an auxiliary power supply module is included to convert 380V AC power to low-voltage DC power to provide low-voltage power to other modules in the power distribution system, such as the monitoring module. This module is located after the circuit protection module to prevent high-voltage AC power from directly damaging downstream circuits in the event of a line fault.

[0047] like Figure 7 The diagram shown is a detailed circuit diagram of a power distribution system according to an embodiment of this utility model. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 7The circuit diagram is corresponding to Figure 1 A specific embodiment of the existing implementation is a power distribution system with two inputs and twelve outputs. The modules in the above embodiments are corresponding to the boxed labels in the figure. Circuit breakers 101 and 102 provide two AC inputs. The AC contact module 20 includes 10 AC contactors, subsequently connected to 12 rectifier modules 30. The rectifier modules and output modules are connected through a positive power distribution unit 401 and a negative power distribution unit 402. Furthermore, it also includes a protection circuit module 70 and an auxiliary power supply module 80. The protection circuit module is connected between the circuit breakers, AC contactors, and auxiliary power supply module, and includes surge protectors, residual current devices, auxiliary relays, etc., to protect system reliability and equipment safety.

[0048] In summary, this invention addresses the scenario where multiple rectifier modules share a single AC contactor in the AC input circuit by designing an additional AC contactor. This allows the newly added AC contactor to supply power to rectifier modules that require charging, while the other modules, lacking AC input, will not incur reactive power losses. This effectively reduces reactive power losses during the operation of the power distribution system and improves its operational efficiency.

[0049] A second aspect of this utility model also provides a charging pile, including the power distribution system in any of the above embodiments. This charging pile can perform the functions of the power distribution system in the above embodiments. Referring to the above embodiments, the specific modules have already been explained and will not be repeated here.

[0050] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this utility model are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0051] It should also be noted that, in the present invention, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0052] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined in the present invention may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A power distribution system, characterized by, It includes a circuit breaker module, an AC contact module, and multiple rectifier modules. The circuit breaker module includes at least one circuit breaker, and the AC contact module includes multiple AC contactors. The input terminal of the circuit breaker is used to electrically connect to the AC power grid, and the output terminal of the circuit breaker is electrically connected to the input terminal of the multiple AC contactors. The output terminal of the AC contactor is electrically connected to the input terminal of the corresponding rectifier module.

2. The power distribution system of claim 1, wherein, The power distribution system also includes a power distribution unit and multiple output modules. The input terminal of the power distribution unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the rectifier module, and the output terminal of the power distribution unit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the output module.

3. The power distribution system of claim 2, wherein, The power distribution unit includes a positive power distribution unit and a negative power distribution unit. The input terminal of the positive power distribution unit is electrically connected to the positive output terminal of the rectifier module, and the output terminal of the positive power distribution unit is electrically connected to the positive input terminal of the output module. The input terminal of the negative power distribution unit is electrically connected to the negative output terminal of the rectifier module, and the output terminal of the negative power distribution unit is electrically connected to the negative input terminal of the output module.

4. The power distribution system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The circuit breaker module includes a first circuit breaker and a second circuit breaker; the AC contact module includes a first AC contactor, a second AC contactor, a third AC contactor, a fourth AC contactor, and a fifth AC contactor; and the power distribution system includes a first rectifier module, a second rectifier module, a third rectifier module, a fourth rectifier module, and a fifth rectifier module. The output terminal of the first circuit breaker is electrically connected to the input terminals of the first AC contactor, the second AC contactor, the third AC contactor, the fourth AC contactor, and the fifth AC contactor. The output terminals of the first AC contactor, the second AC contactor, the third AC contactor, the fourth AC contactor, and the fifth AC contactor are respectively electrically connected to the input terminals of the first rectifier module, the second rectifier module, the third rectifier module, the fourth rectifier module, and the fifth rectifier module.

5. The power distribution system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The circuit breaker module also includes a second circuit breaker, the AC contact module also includes a sixth AC contactor, a seventh AC contactor, an eighth AC contactor, a ninth AC contactor and a tenth AC contactor, and the power distribution system includes a sixth rectifier module, a seventh rectifier module, an eighth rectifier module, a ninth rectifier module and a tenth rectifier module; The output terminal of the second circuit breaker is electrically connected to the input terminals of the sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth AC contactors. The output terminals of the sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth AC contactors are respectively electrically connected to the input terminals of the sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth rectifier modules.

6. The power distribution system according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes an eleventh rectifier module and a twelfth rectifier module. The input terminal of the eleventh rectifier module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the fifth AC contactor, and the input terminal of the twelfth rectifier module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the tenth AC contactor.

7. The power distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a monitoring module, which is used to connect to the AC contact module.

8. The power distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a circuit protection module, which is electrically connected to the AC contact module.

9. The power distribution system according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes an auxiliary power supply module, which is electrically connected to the circuit protection module.

10. A charging pile, characterized in that, Includes the power distribution system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images