A data center energy-saving power supply system

Abstract

This utility model discloses an energy-saving power supply system for a data center. The system includes: a mains power supply module for acquiring mains power; a generator power supply module for generating and outputting electrical energy; a switching module that, upon receiving a mains power failure signal, switches the connection between the mains power supply module and the data center load system to the generator power supply module and the data center load system; during generator start-up and maintenance, it connects the generator power supply module to an energy storage and power consumption system; a direct charging module for storing the electrical energy generated by the generator power supply module; and an indirect charging module for converting the electrical energy generated by the generator power supply module into heat energy for primary storage, and then generating electricity based on the heat energy stored in the primary storage for secondary storage. This utility model solves the problem of wasted electrical energy during generator maintenance by collecting and using the electrical energy generated by the generator power supply module during routine maintenance in production and daily life scenarios, thereby achieving energy conservation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to equipment power supply technology, and more particularly to an energy-saving power supply system for data centers. Background Technology

[0002] Diesel generators are commonly used backup power sources in data centers, taking over the data center's load in case of mains power line failures or planned power outages. Campus-level data centers typically have large power loads and are usually configured with multiple diesel generators operating in parallel. As a backup power system, the diesel generator system is in standby mode most of the time, but it needs to be started monthly or at specified intervals to check its overall operation. Simultaneously, dummy loads are used to test the generator's load-carrying capacity while consuming the electricity it generates.

[0003] During the inspection of the backup power supply's operational status, the electrical energy generated by the generator was wasted, and the dummy load also consumed further electrical energy due to mechanical cooling. This process resulted in low energy utilization and, to some extent, a waste of energy resources. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides an energy-saving power supply system for data centers, which solves the problem of wasted electrical energy during generator maintenance. By collecting the electrical energy generated by the generator power supply module during routine maintenance and using it in production and daily life scenarios, energy saving is achieved.

[0005] This utility model embodiment provides an energy-saving power supply system for a data center, including:

[0006] The mains power supply module is used to obtain mains power.

[0007] Generator power supply module, used to generate electricity and output electrical energy;

[0008] The switching module includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, a first output terminal, and a second output terminal; the first input terminal is connected to the mains power supply module, the second input terminal is connected to the generator power supply module, and the first output terminal is used to connect to the data center load system; the switching module is used to switch the first input terminal and the first output terminal to be connected to the second input terminal and the first output terminal when a mains power failure signal is received;

[0009] An energy storage and power consumption system includes a direct charging module and an indirect charging module, both of which are connected to the second output terminal of a switching module; the switching module is used to connect the second input terminal and the second output terminal of the switching module during the generator start-up and maintenance phase.

[0010] The direct charging module is used to store the electrical energy generated by the generator power supply module when the second input terminal and the second output terminal of the switching module are connected;

[0011] The indirect charging module is used to convert the electrical energy generated by the generator power supply module into heat energy for primary storage when the second input terminal and the second output terminal of the switching module are connected, and then generate electricity based on the heat energy stored in the primary storage for secondary storage.

[0012] Optionally, the direct charging module includes a transformer, a first charger, and a first battery pack; the transformer and the first charger are connected in series between the second output terminal of the switching module and the first battery pack.

[0013] The transformer is used to step down the voltage generated by the generator power supply module to the rated voltage of the first charger;

[0014] The first charger is used to charge the first battery pack according to the rated voltage formed by the step-down voltage of the transformer.

[0015] Optionally, the indirect charging module includes a phase change energy storage device, a thermoelectric generator, a second charger, and a second battery pack; the phase change energy storage device, the thermoelectric generator, and the second charger are connected in series between the second output terminal of the switching module and the second battery pack.

[0016] The phase change energy storage device is used to convert up to a portion of the electrical energy generated by the generator power supply module into heat energy, and to perform primary storage of the heat energy through a phase change process;

[0017] The thermoelectric generator is used to generate an electromotive force based on the thermoelectric effect by using the temperature difference formed by the phase change process of the phase change energy storage device.

[0018] The second charger is used to charge the second battery pack according to the electromotive force generated by the thermoelectric generator.

[0019] Optionally, the phase change energy storage device includes a phase change material and a heating wire, wherein the heating wire is disposed in the phase change material and is electrically connected to the second output terminal of the switching module.

[0020] Optionally, the phase change material includes a molten salt.

[0021] Optionally, the thermoelectric power generation device includes a semiconductor thermoelectric structure, a hot electrode, and a cold electrode;

[0022] The hot electrode and the cold electrode are respectively connected to the semiconductor thermoelectric structure, the hot electrode is disposed in the phase change material, and the cold electrode is disposed in the outdoor environment;

[0023] The semiconductor thermoelectric structure is used to generate an electromotive force when there is a temperature difference between the hot electrode and the cold electrode.

[0024] Optionally, the thermoelectric power generation device includes a plurality of the aforementioned hot electrodes, and the phase change energy storage device includes a plurality of the aforementioned heating wires, wherein the plurality of heating wires and the plurality of hot electrodes are arranged alternately and at intervals in the phase change material.

[0025] Optionally, the first battery pack can be reused as the second battery pack.

[0026] Optionally, the switching module includes a first switch, which is a single-pole single-throw switch;

[0027] The first contact of the first switch is connected to the mains power supply module as the first input terminal of the switching module.

[0028] The second contact of the first switch serves as the first output terminal of the switching module, and is used to connect to the data center load system.

[0029] Optionally, the switching module includes a second switch; the second switch is a single-pole double-throw switch;

[0030] The moving contact of the second switch is connected to the generator power supply module as the second input terminal of the switching module;

[0031] The first stationary contact of the second switch serves as the first output terminal of the switching module, used to connect to the data center load system;

[0032] The second stationary contact of the second switch serves as the second output terminal of the switching module and is connected to the energy storage and power consumption system.

[0033] This utility model provides an energy-saving power supply system for a data center. Under normal circumstances, the mains power supply module supplies power to the data center load system. When the mains power supply module fails, a switching module supplies power to the data center load system via a generator power supply module. During generator power supply module maintenance, the switching module connects the generator power supply module to the energy storage and power consumption system. A direct charging module directly receives and stores the electrical energy generated by the generator power supply module, while an indirect charging module consumes and stores additional power, which is then stored. The energy storage and power consumption system collects the electrical energy generated by the generator power supply module during routine maintenance and uses it in production and daily life scenarios, thereby achieving energy saving. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a data center energy-saving power supply system provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another data center energy-saving power supply system provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a phase change energy storage device and a thermoelectric generator;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another energy-saving power supply system for a data center provided in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] In the picture:

[0039] 10-Mainland power supply module;

[0040] 20 - Generator power supply module;

[0041] 30 - Switching module; 31 - First input terminal; 32 - Second input terminal; 33 - First output terminal; 34 - Second output terminal; 35 - First switch; 36 - Second switch;

[0042] 40 - Energy storage and power consumption system; 41 - Direct charging module; 411 - Transformer; 412 - First charger; 413 - First battery pack; 42 - Indirect charging module; 421 - Phase change energy storage device; 4211 - Phase change material; 4212 - Heating wire; 422 - Thermoelectric generator; 4221 - Semiconductor thermoelectric structure; 4222 - Hot electrode; 4223 - Cold electrode; 423 - Second charger; 424 - Second battery pack;

[0043] 50 - Data Centers and Load Management Systems;

[0044] 60 - Domestic Electricity Module. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, not the entire structure.

[0046] The terminology used in the embodiments of this utility model is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit the utility model. It should be noted that directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" described in the embodiments of this utility model are used to describe the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this utility model. Furthermore, in the context, it should be understood that when referring to an element being formed "upper" or "lower" of another element, it can be formed not only directly "upper" or "lower" of the other element, but also indirectly "upper" or "lower" of the other element through an intermediate element. The terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0047] The term "comprising" and its variations as used in this utility model are open-ended, meaning "including but not limited to". The term "based on" means "at least partially based on". The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment".

[0048] It should be noted that the concepts of "first" and "second" mentioned in this utility model are only used to distinguish the corresponding contents and are not used to limit the order or interdependence.

[0049] It should be noted that the terms "a" and "a plurality of" used in this utility model are illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise expressly indicated in the context, they should be understood as "one or more".

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a data center energy-saving power supply system provided in an embodiment of this utility model; Reference Figure 1 The data center energy-saving power supply system includes a mains power supply module 10, a generator power supply module 20, a switching module 30, and an energy storage and power consumption system 40. The mains power supply module 10 is used to obtain mains power. The generator power supply module 20 is used to generate and output electrical energy. The switching module 30 includes a first input terminal 31, a second input terminal 32, a first output terminal 33, and a second output terminal 34. The first input terminal 31 is connected to the mains power supply module 10, the second input terminal 32 is connected to the generator power supply module 20, and the first output terminal 33 is used to connect the data center load system 50. When a mains power failure signal is received, the switching module 30 switches the connection between the first input terminal 31 and the first output terminal 33 to the connection between the second input terminal 32 and the first output terminal 33.

[0051] The energy storage and power consumption system 40 includes a direct charging module 41 and an indirect charging module 42, both of which are connected to the second output terminal 34 of the switching module 30. The switching module 30 is used to connect the second input terminal 32 to the second output terminal 34 during the generator start-up and maintenance phase. The direct charging module 41 stores the electrical energy generated by the generator power supply module 20 when the second input terminal 32 and the second output terminal 34 of the switching module 30 are connected. The indirect charging module 42 converts the electrical energy generated by the generator power supply module 20 into heat energy for primary storage when the second input terminal 32 and the second output terminal 34 of the switching module 30 are connected, and then generates electricity based on the primary stored heat energy for secondary storage.

[0052] It is understood that the data center energy-saving power supply system provided in this embodiment of the present invention is used to supply power to the data center load system 50, which includes electrical equipment such as servers and switches. This embodiment of the present invention provides two power supply modules: a mains power supply module 10 and a generator power supply module 20. The mains power supply module 10 serves as the primary power source, and the data center load system 50 obtains mains power through electrical connection. The generator power supply module 20 serves as an auxiliary power source, and is only used to generate electricity when the mains power supply module 10 fails. The main components of the generator power supply module 20 can be a diesel generator set consisting of multiple diesel generators; this embodiment of the present invention does not limit this to this.

[0053] The switching between the mains power supply module 10 and the generator power supply module 20 is achieved through a switching module 30. The switching module 30 includes a first input terminal 31, a second input terminal 32, a first output terminal 33, and a second output terminal 34. The first input terminal 31 is connected to the mains power supply module 10, the second input terminal 32 is connected to the generator power supply module 20, and the first output terminal 33 is used to connect to the data center load system 50. Under normal circumstances, the first input terminal 31 and the first output terminal 33 are connected, meaning the mains power supply module 10 supplies power to the data center load system 50. When the mains power supply module 10 loses power, under the action of the switching module 30, the second input terminal 32 and the first output terminal 33 are connected, meaning the generator power supply module 20 supplies power to the data center load system 50.

[0054] It should be noted that data centers typically include power monitoring devices and / or power meters that can monitor key parameters of the mains power in real time to determine if a power outage or abnormality has occurred. The main monitoring functions include voltage and frequency detection, phase loss and disconnection detection, and harmonic and waveform distortion detection. An automated monitoring system monitors the mains power status in real time. When the monitoring system receives a power failure signal from the mains power supply module 10, the switching module 30 switches the connection between the first input terminal 31 and the first output terminal 33 to the second input terminal 32 and the first output terminal 33. At this time, the generator power supply module 20 generates electricity to ensure normal power supply to the data center.

[0055] Understandably, the generator power supply module 20 serves as an auxiliary power source and is in standby mode most of the time. However, it needs to be started monthly or at specified intervals to check its overall operation. At this time, the second input terminal 32 of the switching module 30 will be connected to the second output terminal 34, and the generator power supply module 20 will supply power to the energy storage and power consumption system 40. The energy storage and power consumption system 40 can collect and store the electrical energy generated by the generator power supply module 20 during routine maintenance and use it in production and daily life scenarios.

[0056] The energy storage and power consumption system 40 includes a direct charging module 41 and an indirect charging module 42, which are connected in parallel and both connected to the second output terminal 34 of the switching module 30. During the generator start-up and maintenance phase, the direct charging module 41 and the indirect charging module 42 operate simultaneously. The direct charging module 41 directly receives and stores the electrical energy generated by the generator power supply module 20 without intermediate energy conversion. However, since the direct charging module 41 cannot control the charging power, the power output of the generator power supply module 20 may exceed the rated power of the first charger 412. The indirect charging module 42 is used to consume and store the additional power. The electrical energy generated by the generator power supply module 20 is converted into heat energy for primary storage, and then used to generate electricity for secondary storage. The direct charging module 41 and the indirect charging module 42 work together to supply power to the domestic power consumption module 60, whose electrical energy can be used for lighting equipment.

[0057] This utility model provides an energy-saving power supply system for a data center. Under normal circumstances, the mains power supply module supplies power to the data center load system. When the mains power supply module fails, a switching module supplies power to the data center load system via a generator power supply module. During generator power supply module maintenance, the switching module connects the generator power supply module to the energy storage and power consumption system. A direct charging module directly receives and stores the electrical energy generated by the generator power supply module, while an indirect charging module consumes and stores additional power, which is then stored. The energy storage and power consumption system collects the electrical energy generated by the generator power supply module during routine maintenance and uses it in production and daily life scenarios, thereby achieving energy saving.

[0058] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 The switching module 30 includes a first switch 35, which is a single-pole single-throw switch; the first contact of the first switch 35 serves as the first input terminal 31 of the switching module 30 and is connected to the mains power supply module 10; the second contact of the first switch 35 serves as the first output terminal 33 of the switching module 30 and is used to connect to the data center load system 50.

[0059] In most normal situations, the first switch 35 is in the closed state, that is, the first contact and the second contact of the first switch 35 are connected, and the mains power supply module 10 supplies power to the data center load system 50.

[0060] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 The switching module 30 includes a second switch 36; the second switch 36 is a single-pole double-throw switch; the moving contact of the second switch 36 serves as the second input terminal 32 of the switching module 30 and is connected to the generator power supply module 20; the first stationary contact of the second switch 36 serves as the first output terminal 33 of the switching module 30 and is used to connect to the data center load system 50; the second stationary contact of the second switch 36 serves as the second output terminal 34 of the switching module 30 and is connected to the energy storage and power consumption system 40.

[0061] When the monitoring system receives a power failure signal from the mains power supply module 10, the moving contact of the second switch 36 and the first stationary contact of the second switch 36 are connected, and the generator power supply module 20 supplies power to the data center load system 50; when it is necessary to check the overall operation status of the generator power supply module 20, the moving contact of the second switch 36 and the second stationary contact of the second switch 36 are connected, and the generator power supply module 20 supplies power to the energy storage and power consumption system 40.

[0062] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another data center energy-saving power supply system provided in this embodiment of the present invention, for reference. Figure 2Optionally, in another embodiment of this utility model, the direct charging module 41 includes a transformer 411, a first charger 412, and a first battery pack 413; the transformer 411 and the first charger 412 are connected in series between the second output terminal 34 of the switching module 30 and the first battery pack 413. The transformer 411 is used to step down the voltage generated by the generator power supply module 20 to the rated voltage of the first charger 412. The first charger 412 is used to charge the first battery pack 413 according to the rated voltage formed by the step-down voltage of the transformer 411.

[0063] Specifically, the generator power supply module 20 can be a diesel generator, which can be a low-voltage generator or a high-voltage generator, with a generating voltage of up to thousands or even tens of thousands of volts. The transformer 411 reduces the high voltage output by the generator power supply module 20 to the rated input voltage required by the first charger 412 through electromagnetic induction, such as 220V. After this voltage is input to the first charger 412, the first charger 412 can charge the first battery pack 413 according to the rated voltage formed by the step-down voltage of the transformer 411 by controlling the current.

[0064] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 2 The indirect charging module 42 includes a phase change energy storage device 421, a thermoelectric generator 422, a second charger 423, and a second battery pack 424. The phase change energy storage device 421, the thermoelectric generator 422, and the second charger 423 are connected in series between the second output terminal 34 of the switching module 30 and the second battery pack 424. The phase change energy storage device 421 converts up to a portion of the electrical energy generated by the generator power supply module 20 into thermal energy and performs primary storage of the thermal energy through a phase change process. The thermoelectric generator 422 generates an electromotive force based on the temperature difference created by the phase change process of the phase change energy storage device 421, according to the thermoelectric effect. The second charger 423 charges the second battery pack 424 according to the electromotive force generated by the thermoelectric generator 422.

[0065] Understandably, since the charging power of the first charger 412 is limited, an indirect charging module 42 is connected in parallel with the direct charging module 41. Since the second charger 423 has a rated voltage, it charges the second battery pack 424 with a rated current. That is, the second charger 423 has a rated charging power. However, the power of the generator power supply module 20 may be higher than the rated power of the second charger 423. For example, the power of the generator power supply module 20 may be 100kW, and the power of the transformer 411 may be 50kW. The excess power is transmitted to the indirect charging module 42, which stores electrical energy through the phase change energy storage device 421, handles the excess power, converts this portion of electrical energy into heat energy, and uses the thermoelectric generator 422 to convert the heat energy back into electrical energy. After electrical energy is input into the second charger 423, the first charger 423 is used to charge the second battery pack 424 according to the electromotive force generated by the thermoelectric generator 422. The indirect charging module 42 has advantages such as long life, low maintenance and strong environmental adaptability, and is suitable for long-cycle energy storage scenarios.

[0066] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagrams of the phase change energy storage device and the thermoelectric generator, for reference. Figure 3 Optionally, in another embodiment of the present invention, the phase change energy storage device 421 includes a phase change material 4211 and a heating wire 4212. The heating wire 4212 is disposed in the phase change material 4211 and is electrically connected to the second output terminal 34 of the switching module 30.

[0067] The phase change energy storage device 421 includes a phase change material 4211 and a heating wire 4212, with the heating wire 4212 disposed within the phase change material 4211. The phase change material 4211 is a material that efficiently stores and releases thermal energy through physical phase changes. These physical phase changes can be solid-liquid, liquid-gas, or solid-solid. Its core principle is to utilize the latent heat accompanying the phase change process to absorb or release energy, while the material's temperature remains almost constant during the phase change. In this embodiment, the phase change material 4211 is stored in an insulated enclosure. The heating wire 4212 generates heat, causing the phase change material 4211 to undergo a solid-liquid phase change under electrical heating. This absorbs a large amount of latent heat, converting the electrical energy generated by the generator power supply module 20 into stable thermal energy storage. When energy needs to be released, the phase change material 4211 solidifies and releases heat, which is then converted back into electrical energy by the thermoelectric generator 422, achieving long-term, low-loss electrical energy storage.

[0068] Optionally, the phase change material 4211 includes molten salt.

[0069] Among them, phase change material 4211 includes molten salt. During the phase change process, molten salt can achieve efficient energy storage through high latent heat storage. It has a wide operating temperature range, is suitable for medium and high temperature scenarios, has stable chemical properties, is non-flammable, has low vapor pressure, high safety and long service life. In addition, the raw materials of molten salt (such as nitrates and carbonates) are abundant and low in cost, which is both economical and environmentally friendly, and is especially suitable for large-scale, long-term stable energy storage needs.

[0070] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 3 The thermoelectric generator 422 includes a semiconductor thermoelectric structure 4221, a hot electrode 4222, and a cold electrode 4223. The hot electrode 4222 and the cold electrode 4223 are respectively connected to the semiconductor thermoelectric structure 4221. The hot electrode 4222 is disposed in the phase change material 4211, and the cold electrode 4223 is disposed in the outdoor environment. The semiconductor thermoelectric structure 4221 is used to generate an electromotive force when there is a temperature difference between the hot electrode 4222 and the cold electrode 4223.

[0071] In this thermoelectric generator 422, the hot electrode 4222 is disposed in the phase change material 4211, and the cold electrode 4223 is disposed in the outdoor environment. The phase change material 4211 transfers the released heat to the hot electrode 4222, and the cold electrode 4223 uses the outdoor environment to dissipate heat to form a low-temperature end. Under the action of the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends, the semiconductor thermoelectric structure 4221 excites the migration of charge carriers, causing charge separation at both ends of the semiconductor and forming an electromotive force, thereby realizing the conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy. By combining the continuous heating of the phase change material 4211 with natural heat dissipation, a stable temperature difference field can be constructed to ensure long-term and efficient power generation.

[0072] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 3 The thermoelectric generator 422 includes multiple hot electrodes 4222, and the phase change energy storage device 421 includes multiple heating wires 4212. The multiple heating wires 4212 and the multiple hot electrodes 4222 are arranged alternately in the phase change material 4211.

[0073] In this process, multiple heating wires 4212 and multiple hot electrodes 4222 are arranged alternately in the phase change material 4211. The heating wires 4212 serve as heat sources, and the hot electrodes 4222 serve as heat conduction media. Their alternating distribution enables the phase change material 4211 to form multidirectional heat flow paths during the melting process, avoiding local overheating, ensuring the synchronicity of the phase change process, and improving the uniformity of energy storage and release. The high thermal conductivity of the hot electrodes 4222 can quickly dissipate the heat generated by the heating wires 4212. Combined with the distributed heating of the heating wires 4212, the energy transfer efficiency can be significantly improved.

[0074] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another energy-saving power supply system for a data center provided in this embodiment of the present invention, for reference. Figure 4Optionally, in another embodiment of the present invention, the first battery pack 413 is reused as the second battery pack 424.

[0075] It is understandable that the functions of the first battery pack 413 of the direct power supply module 41 and the second battery pack 424 of the indirect power supply module 42 are both for energy storage and to provide power to the household power module 60. Therefore, reusing the first battery pack 413 as the second battery pack 424 is beneficial to simplifying the system architecture, reducing hardware costs and improving energy utilization.

[0076] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, combinations, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Many other equivalent embodiments may be included without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A data center energy saving power supply system, characterized by, include: The mains power supply module is used to obtain mains power. Generator power supply module, used to generate electricity and output electrical energy; The switching module includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, a first output terminal, and a second output terminal; the first input terminal is connected to the mains power supply module, the second input terminal is connected to the generator power supply module, and the first output terminal is used to connect to the data center load system; the switching module is used to switch the first input terminal and the first output terminal to be connected to the second input terminal and the first output terminal when a mains power failure signal is received; An energy storage and power consumption system includes a direct charging module and an indirect charging module, both of which are connected to the second output terminal of a switching module; the switching module is used to connect the second input terminal and the second output terminal of the switching module during the generator start-up and maintenance phase. The direct charging module is used to store the electrical energy generated by the generator power supply module when the second input terminal and the second output terminal of the switching module are connected; The indirect charging module is used to convert the electrical energy generated by the generator power supply module into heat energy for primary storage when the second input terminal and the second output terminal of the switching module are connected, and then generate electricity based on the heat energy stored in the primary storage for secondary storage.

2. The energy-efficient power supply system of claim 1, wherein, The direct charging module includes a transformer, a first charger, and a first battery pack; the transformer and the first charger are connected in series between the second output terminal of the switching module and the first battery pack. The transformer is used to step down the voltage generated by the generator power supply module to the rated voltage of the first charger; The first charger is used to charge the first battery pack according to the rated voltage formed by the step-down voltage of the transformer.

3. The energy-efficient power supply system of claim 2, wherein, The indirect charging module includes a phase change energy storage device, a thermoelectric generator, a second charger, and a second battery pack; the phase change energy storage device, the thermoelectric generator, and the second charger are connected in series between the second output terminal of the switching module and the second battery pack. The phase change energy storage device is used to convert up to a portion of the electrical energy generated by the generator power supply module into heat energy, and to perform primary storage of the heat energy through a phase change process; The thermoelectric generator is used to generate an electromotive force based on the temperature difference formed by the phase change process of the phase change energy storage device. The second charger is used to charge the second battery pack according to the electromotive force generated by the thermoelectric generator.

4. The energy-efficient power supply system of claim 3, wherein, The phase change energy storage device includes a phase change material and a heating wire. The heating wire is disposed in the phase change material and is electrically connected to the second output terminal of the switching module.

5. The energy-efficient power supply system of claim 4, wherein, The phase change material includes molten salt.

6. The energy-efficient power supply system of claim 4, wherein, The thermoelectric power generation device includes a semiconductor thermoelectric structure, a hot electrode, and a cold electrode; The hot electrode and the cold electrode are respectively connected to the semiconductor thermoelectric structure, the hot electrode is disposed in the phase change material, and the cold electrode is disposed in the outdoor environment; The semiconductor thermoelectric structure is used to generate an electromotive force when there is a temperature difference between the hot electrode and the cold electrode.

7. The energy-efficient power supply system of claim 6, wherein, The thermoelectric generator includes multiple heating electrodes, and the phase change energy storage device includes multiple heating wires, with the multiple heating wires and the multiple heating electrodes arranged alternately and at intervals in the phase change material.

8. The energy efficient power supply system of claim 3, wherein, The first battery pack is reused as the second battery pack.

9. The energy-efficient power supply system of claim 1, wherein, The switching module includes a first switch, which is a single-pole single-throw switch. The first contact of the first switch is connected to the mains power supply module as the first input terminal of the switching module. The second contact of the first switch serves as the first output terminal of the switching module, and is used to connect to the data center load system.

10. The energy-saving power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching module includes a second switch; the second switch is a single-pole double-throw switch. The moving contact of the second switch is connected to the generator power supply module as the second input terminal of the switching module; The first stationary contact of the second switch serves as the first output terminal of the switching module, used to connect to the data center load system; The second stationary contact of the second switch serves as the second output terminal of the switching module and is connected to the energy storage and power consumption system.

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