Emergency starter power supply

Abstract

This invention discloses an emergency start-up power supply, comprising a battery, such as a sodium battery, for storing electrical energy; a start-up connection terminal for connecting to an external system; and a high-current output path for connecting the battery and the start-up connection terminal, enabling the battery to output current to the external system to provide power for its startup. This invention enables the establishment of a power supply circuit with an external system through the battery, the high-current output path, and the start-up connection terminal. While providing power to the external system, it also detects the parameters and power supply status of the external system or the power supply unit itself, thereby controlling the on / off state of the power supply circuit and improving the safety of power supply to the external system. This further enhances the stability of the emergency start-up power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage power technology, and more specifically, to an emergency start-up power supply. Background Technology

[0002] In cases where a car cannot start due to insufficient or depleted battery power, a built-in sodium battery in the car emergency jump starter can be used to charge the car battery, indirectly providing the starting current required by the car to start the vehicle.

[0003] Traditional emergency jump starters mostly use lead-acid or lithium batteries. Lead-acid batteries are bulky and have poor low-temperature performance; lithium batteries pose a risk of thermal runaway. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an emergency start-up power supply.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an emergency start-up power supply, comprising a battery for storing electrical energy; a start-up connection terminal for connecting to an external circuit; a high-current output path for connecting the battery and the start-up connection terminal to enable the battery to output current to the external circuit; a switch module disposed in the high-current output path for controlling the connection or disconnection between the high-current output path and the external circuit; a detection module comprising a short-circuit identification unit for detecting whether a short circuit has occurred in the external circuit connected to the start-up connection terminal; the short-circuit identification unit having a reverse connection protection circuit; and a control module configured to control the connection or disconnection of the switch module based on the detection signal sent by the short-circuit identification unit.

[0006] In this invention, regardless of whether a short circuit or reverse connection occurs in the external circuit, the detection signal sent by the short circuit identification unit to the control module will be identified as abnormal by the control module; when an abnormality is identified, the control module will not allow the switch module to be turned on (controls the switch module to be turned off).

[0007] Optionally, the detection signal sent by the short-circuit identification unit to the control module is a voltage signal.

[0008] Optionally, regardless of whether a short circuit or reverse connection occurs in the external circuit, the detection signal (voltage signal) sent by the short circuit identification unit to the control module is either a low-level signal or a high-level signal.

[0009] Optionally, the short-circuit detection unit is configured to supply a certain voltage to the external circuit through its power supply circuit, and then detect the voltage magnitude at a detection point. Optionally, this detection point is the positive terminal of the external circuit (the positive output terminal of the start-up connection segment).

[0010] Optionally, the short-circuit identification unit includes a first voltage detection unit for detecting the voltage magnitude at the detection point.

[0011] Optionally, the reverse connection protection circuit of the short-circuit identification unit is set between the detection point and the detection signal output.

[0012] Optionally, the reverse connection protection circuit includes a switching transistor Q1 (e.g., a PMOS or PNP transistor that is turned on when the detection point is positive). When the detection point is negative, the switching transistor Q1 is turned off. Optionally, when the switching transistor Q1 is off, the detection signal output is a low-level signal.

[0013] Optionally, the short-circuit detection unit also has a negative clamping diode. This prevents the detection signal from being negative when the external circuit is reversed.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention provides an emergency start-up power supply, comprising a battery for storing electrical energy; a start-up connection terminal for connecting to an external circuit; a high-current output path for connecting the battery and the start-up connection terminal to enable the battery to output current to the external circuit; a switch module disposed on the high-current output path for controlling the connection or disconnection between the high-current output path and the external circuit; a detection module comprising a reverse connection detection unit for detecting whether a reverse connection has occurred with the external circuit connected to the start-up connection terminal; and a control module configured to control the switching module to turn on or off based on a detection signal sent by the reverse connection detection unit.

[0015] In this invention, if the external circuit is reversed, the control module will not allow the switch module to conduct (the control switch module will be disconnected).

[0016] Optionally, a fixed positive voltage is provided at one end of the reverse-connection detection unit, and then connected to the detection point CAR+ through at least one resistor and a one-way switch circuit. A voltage signal is drawn from one end of one of the resistors as the detection signal; when the one-way switch circuit is turned on, the detection signal is affected by the voltage at the detection point CAR+, and thus changes.

[0017] Optionally, when the detection point CAR+ is positively connected, the one-way switch circuit is not conducting; when the detection point CAR+ is reversely connected, the one-way switch circuit is conducting.

[0018] Optionally, when the one-way switch circuit is off, the output detection signal is a high-level signal; when the one-way switch circuit is on, the output detection signal is a low-level signal. The control module receives this detection signal and can then identify whether a reverse connection has occurred.

[0019] Optionally, the unidirectional switching circuit has a switching transistor, and more preferably, it also has a diode connected in series with the switching transistor.

[0020] Optionally, a negative clamping diode can be included in the reverse connection detection unit to ensure that the output measurement signal is not negative.

[0021] Thirdly, the present invention provides an emergency start-up power supply, comprising a battery containing two or more battery cells; a start-up connection terminal for connecting to an external circuit; a high-current output path for connecting the battery and the start-up connection terminal to enable the battery to output current to the external circuit; a switching module disposed in the high-current output path for controlling the connection or disconnection between the high-current output path and the external circuit; a detection module including a battery pack voltage detection unit for detecting the individual cell voltage of each battery cell; and a control module configured to perform battery protection or battery management based on the detection results obtained from the battery pack voltage detection unit.

[0022] Optionally, battery protection includes overcharge protection and / or over-discharge protection. That is, when the voltage of a battery cell is detected to be greater than or less than a certain threshold, the switching module is disconnected (the switching module is not allowed to conduct).

[0023] Optionally, battery management includes displaying the remaining battery power to the user, alerting the user (reporting errors / notifying abnormalities), and / or automatically performing battery equalization.

[0024] Optionally, the voltage detection unit has only one voltage signal point, and then through time-sharing control, the voltage signal point is connected to different battery cells (or to different combinations of battery cells, such as different numbers of battery cells) in a time-sharing manner, so as to measure the voltage of each battery cell.

[0025] Optionally, the battery has m battery cells (m is an integer not less than 2), and the battery pack voltage detection unit has at least m positive electrode branches Z1 to Zm. Each positive electrode branch is connected to the positive terminal of each battery cell. That is, the i-th positive electrode branch is connected to the positive terminal of the i-th battery cell, where i is an integer from 1 to m. Each positive electrode branch Zi is provided with a controllable switch unit Qi, which is used to turn the positive electrode branch Zi on or off under the control of the control signal Si.

[0026] Optionally, the control module can control each controllable switching unit Q1 to Qm, thereby turning on the positive branch Zi (or Zi to Zj) corresponding to different battery units Qi (or different battery unit combinations Qi to Qj), thus connecting different battery units Qi (or different battery unit combinations Qi to Qj) to the voltage signal acquisition circuit. Through time-division control, the voltage signal Vs can correspond to different battery units Qi (or different battery unit combinations Qi to Qj) at different times, thereby allowing the measurement of the individual voltage of each voltage unit.

[0027] Optionally, the m battery cells are connected in series. Therefore, when the positive terminal of the first battery, closest to the negative terminal of the battery pack, is connected to the voltage detection circuit, the voltage signal acquired by the voltage signal acquisition circuit is related to the voltage of the first battery cell. When the positive terminal of the i-th battery is connected to the voltage detection circuit, all battery cells from the first to the i-th battery cell (a total of i battery cells) are connected in series, and the voltage signal acquired by the voltage signal acquisition circuit is related to the sum of the voltages from the first to the i-th battery cell (a total of i battery cells). Thus, by switching different positive terminal branches Zi on, the voltage value of each battery cell can be measured / calculated.

[0028] Optionally, a plurality of step-down resistors are provided in the battery pack voltage detection unit. Preferably, when a larger number of battery cells are connected to the voltage detection circuit, more step-down resistors are also connected to the detection circuit. Preferably, when there are m battery cells, at least m step-down resistors are provided.

[0029] The resistance values ​​of the several step-down resistors can be the same or different. Preferably, at least some of the step-down resistors have the same resistance value. More preferably, when i series-connected battery cells are connected to the voltage detection circuit, the total resistance value of the series resistors in the measuring circuit is i times a fixed resistance value (i is an integer from 1 to m).

[0030] Fourthly, the present invention provides an emergency start-up power supply, comprising a battery for storing electrical energy; a start-up connection terminal for connecting to an external circuit; a high-current output path for connecting the battery and the start-up connection terminal to enable the battery to output current to the external circuit; a switch module disposed in the high-current output path for controlling the conduction or disconnection between the high-current output path and the external circuit; a detection module comprising a current detection unit for detecting the current magnitude of the high-current output path; and a control module configured to control the conduction or disconnection of the switch module based on the detection signal sent by the current detection unit.

[0031] Optionally, if the current exceeds the first current threshold A1 and continues for more than the first duration T1, the switching module is disconnected.

[0032] Optionally, multiple current value ranges can be set, for example, multiple current value ranges can correspond to different current magnitude levels, and multiple corresponding duration thresholds can be set. When the measured current magnitude is within different current value ranges (current magnitude levels), the duration threshold for triggering the control module to execute overcurrent protection (disconnect the switch module) is different.

[0033] Optionally, the current detection unit of the present invention includes a first current detection branch and a second current detection branch. The first current detection branch is used to detect a current magnitude not exceeding a certain set current value, while the second current detection branch is used to detect a current magnitude exceeding the set current value.

[0034] The first current detection branch and the second current detection branch have different amplification factors for the voltage signal (current signal).

[0035] Fifthly, the present invention provides an emergency start-up power supply, comprising: a sodium battery for storing electrical energy; a start-up connection terminal for connecting to an external system; and a high-current output path for connecting the sodium battery and the start-up connection terminal, so that the sodium battery outputs current to the external system to provide electrical energy for starting the external system.

[0036] In some embodiments, the emergency start-up power supply further includes: a detection module for detecting the state parameters of the sodium battery or the external system and obtaining the detection result; and a switching module located in the high-current output path, wherein the switching module controls the on / off state between the high-current output path and the external system based on the detection result of the detection module, so as to control the supply of power from the sodium battery to the external system.

[0037] In some embodiments, the emergency start-up power supply further includes: a control module, a first terminal of which is connected to the sodium battery, a second terminal of which is connected to the switch module, and a third terminal of which is connected to the detection module, wherein the control module controls the on / off state of the switch module based on the detection result.

[0038] In some embodiments, the detection module includes a short-circuit identification unit for detecting whether the external connection of the start-up connection is short-circuited; if the short-circuit identification unit detects a short circuit in the external connection of the start-up connection, the switch module is disconnected to prevent the sodium battery from outputting current to the external system.

[0039] In some embodiments, the detection module includes a first voltage detection unit for detecting the voltage parameters of the external system; when the detection result of the first voltage detection unit meets preset conditions, the switching module is turned on to allow the sodium battery to output current to the external system.

[0040] In some implementations, the preset condition includes the voltage of the external system being greater than a preset voltage threshold; or, the preset condition includes the voltage drop of the external system within a preset time period being greater than a preset voltage fluctuation threshold.

[0041] In some embodiments, the detection module includes a reverse connection detection unit for detecting the connection status between the start-up connection terminal and the external system; if the reverse connection detection unit detects that the start-up connection terminal and the external system are reversed, the switch module is disconnected to prevent the sodium battery from outputting current to the external system.

[0042] In some embodiments, the detection module includes a second voltage detection unit for detecting the voltage parameters of the sodium battery; if the detection result of the second voltage detection unit is less than a preset threshold, the switch module is disconnected to prevent the sodium battery from outputting current to the external system.

[0043] In some embodiments, the detection module includes a temperature detection unit disposed on the outer surface of the sodium battery; the temperature detection unit is used to collect the sodium battery temperature parameters; if the sodium battery temperature parameters do not meet the preset temperature range, the switch module is disconnected to prevent the sodium battery from outputting current to the external system.

[0044] In some embodiments, the detection module includes a current detection unit for detecting the current in the high-current output path; if the detection result of the current detection unit is greater than a preset current value, the switch module is disconnected to prevent the sodium battery from outputting current to the external system.

[0045] In some embodiments, the detection module further includes a first voltage detection unit, which is used to detect the voltage parameters of the external system; when the first voltage detection unit is greater than a preset voltage, the control module controls the switching module to periodically conduct, so as to control the sodium battery to periodically output current to the external system.

[0046] In some embodiments, the emergency start-up power supply further includes: a charging interface for connecting an external power supply to receive electrical energy from the power supply; and a charging circuit for connecting the charging interface and the sodium battery to charge the sodium battery with electrical energy from the power supply.

[0047] In some embodiments, the charging interface includes at least one of a USB port, a cigarette lighter interface, or a DC charging interface; the charging circuit includes at least one of a voltage regulation module or a current regulation module.

[0048] In some embodiments, the emergency start-up power supply further includes a prompting module for providing prompts based on the detection results of the detection module. The prompting module includes at least one of a display unit, a prompt light unit, or a prompt sound unit. It is used for providing audible / visual prompts and / or alarms.

[0049] The emergency start-up power supply of this invention includes a sodium battery for storing electrical energy; a start-up connection terminal for connecting to an external system; and a high-current output path for connecting the sodium battery and the start-up connection terminal, enabling the sodium battery to output current to the external system to provide power for its startup. This invention can establish a power supply circuit with an external system through the sodium battery, the high-current output path, and the start-up connection terminal. While providing power to the external system, it can also detect the parameters and power supply status of the external system or the power supply unit itself, thereby controlling the on / off state of the power supply circuit and improving the safety of power supply to the external system. This further enhances the stability of the emergency start-up power supply.

[0050] Additional aspects and advantages of embodiments of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of embodiments of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0051] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0052] Figure 1 This is an example diagram of one embodiment of the emergency start-up power supply provided by the present invention.

[0053] Figure 2 This is an example diagram of another embodiment of the emergency start-up power supply provided by the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 This is an example diagram of another embodiment of the emergency start-up power supply provided by the present invention;

[0055] Figure 4 This is an example diagram of another embodiment of the emergency start-up power supply provided by the present invention;

[0056] Figure 5 This is an example diagram of another embodiment of the emergency start-up power supply provided by the present invention.

[0057] Figure 6 This is a circuit structure of one specific embodiment of the present invention for detecting the voltage of a single cell in a series battery pack.

[0058] Figure 7This is a circuit structure of a specific embodiment of the power supply circuit of the short-circuit identification unit in this invention.

[0059] Figure 8 This is a circuit structure of a specific embodiment of the first voltage detection unit in this invention.

[0060] Figure 9 This is a circuit structure of a specific embodiment of the reverse connection detection unit in this invention.

[0061] Figure 10 This is a circuit structure of a specific embodiment of the temperature detection unit in this invention.

[0062] Figure 11 This is a circuit structure of a specific embodiment of the current detection unit in this invention.

[0063] Figure 12 This is an example diagram of one embodiment of the current detection unit in this invention.

[0064] Figure 13 This is an example diagram of one embodiment of the emergency start-up power supply provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0065] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0066] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or indirect contact between the first and second features through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0067] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two or three, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0068] This invention provides an emergency start-up power supply 100. The components and functions of the emergency start-up power supply 100 will be described in detail below.

[0069] <Battery>

[0070] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the emergency start-up power supply 100 of the present invention includes a battery 110.

[0071] The battery 110 can be made of any material available in the prior art. For example, lead-acid batteries, lithium batteries, and sodium batteries. The present invention preferably uses a sodium battery.

[0072] Sodium batteries, also known as sodium-ion batteries, are batteries that rely on the movement of sodium ions between the positive and negative electrodes to complete charging and discharging. Their working principle is similar to that of the widely used lithium-ion batteries.

[0073] During charging, sodium ions migrate from the positive electrode to the negative electrode and embed themselves in the negative electrode material (such as carbon). During discharging, sodium ions are released from the negative electrode and return to the positive electrode, releasing the stored energy.

[0074] Sodium batteries offer high safety performance, and are not prone to catching fire or exploding in tests such as overcharge, over-discharge, short circuit, and nail penetration. They also exhibit stronger tolerance to high and low temperatures, with a wide operating temperature range, from as low as -30 degrees Celsius to as high as +60 degrees Celsius.

[0075] Sodium batteries can charge / discharge faster than lithium batteries. This is because sodium-ion batteries typically use electrolytes such as sodium hexafluorophosphate (NaPF6), which has a higher ionic conductivity than lithium salts (such as LiPF6). Sodium ions migrate faster in the electrolyte. The Stokes radius (hydrated ionic radius) of sodium ions is smaller than that of lithium ions, resulting in lower migration resistance in the electrolyte and thus increasing the charge / discharge rate.

[0076] In addition, sodium is much cheaper than lithium, so sodium batteries are also cheaper than lithium batteries.

[0077] However, sodium batteries generally perform worse than lithium batteries in terms of energy density and cycle life. Compared to lithium batteries, sodium batteries tend to have lower energy density and fewer cycle lives. There is a negative correlation between the cycle life and energy density of sodium-ion batteries; lower energy density generally corresponds to a higher cycle life, and vice versa.

[0078] like Figure 4As shown, the present invention protects the battery 110 (especially the sodium battery) by using a short-circuit identification circuit 141, a reverse connection detection unit 143, a temperature detection unit 145, and / or a current detection unit 146, thereby reducing the damage that high current output operation may cause to the sodium battery, improving the actual battery life, increasing the actual cycle number, and extending the service life of the sodium battery.

[0079] The battery 110 in this invention preferably uses a battery pack formed by two or more battery cells connected in series and / or in parallel, or even a battery pack formed by four or more battery cells connected in series and / or in parallel, or even a battery pack formed by eight or more battery cells connected in series and / or in parallel. For example, when the operating voltage of a single sodium battery is 3V, four individual batteries can be connected in series to provide a 12V voltage, or eight individual batteries can be connected in series to provide a 24V voltage. During the operation of the emergency start-up power supply 100 of this invention, different battery series and parallel connection methods can be switched according to needs (e.g., according to mode selection) to output different voltages. For example, with eight 3V batteries, when four individual batteries are connected in series as a group and two groups are connected in parallel, a 12V voltage can be output; when eight individual batteries are connected in series, a 24V voltage can be output.

[0080] like Figure 5 As shown, the present invention can also use the battery pack voltage detection unit 147 to detect the voltage of individual cells in the battery pack. This facilitates refined management of the battery pack, such as preventing overcharging / over-discharging, displaying battery level, and achieving battery balancing.

[0081] This can also improve the actual battery life of sodium battery devices, increase the actual number of cycles, and extend the lifespan of sodium batteries.

[0082] High Current Output

[0083] The emergency start-up power supply 100 of the present invention is designed to provide a large current of 300A or more, with a peak current of 1500A or more.

[0084] In this invention, "high current" refers to current of 300A and above, or even 500A and above (instantaneous current).

[0085] Please see Figure 1 The emergency start-up power supply 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0086] Battery 110, such as a sodium battery, is used to store electrical energy; starting connection 130 is used to connect to an external system; high current output path 120 is used to connect battery 110 and starting connection 130 so that battery 110 outputs current to the external system to provide power to the external system, such as providing power for emergency starting (jump start) of an external vehicle.

[0087] Specifically, the sodium battery 110 uses sodium-ion battery cells, supports high-rate discharge (such as above 10C), and preferably has a built-in BMS (BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM) with overcharge / over-discharge protection functions.

[0088] Specifically, in practical applications, a complete power supply circuit is constructed through the battery 110, the high-current output path 120, the start-up connection terminal 130, and the external system. In the formed power supply circuit, the battery 110 outputs electrical energy, which passes through the high-current output path 120 and the start-up connection terminal 130, and is finally output to the external system connected to the start-up connection terminal 130.

[0089] Specifically, external systems include devices such as car batteries, starter motors, or external loads.

[0090] Specifically, the start-up connection terminal 130 may include a wire clamp, a magnetic connector, or other connection terminals with a fixing function, for connecting to an external system.

[0091] Specifically, the high-current output path 120 may include two output paths, one of which is a positive output path and the other is a negative output path; the start-up connection terminal 130 may include a positive connection terminal and a negative connection terminal. For example, to facilitate user differentiation, the positive output path may include a wire wrapped in red plastic; the negative output path may include a wire wrapped in black plastic; the positive connection terminal may include a red clamp, and the negative connection terminal may include a black clamp.

[0092] <Switch Module>

[0093] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the emergency start-up power supply 100 further includes: a detection module 140 for detecting the status parameters of the battery 110 or an external system and obtaining the detection results; and a switch module 150 disposed in the high-current output path 120. The switch module 150 is used to enable and disable the high-current output path 120.

[0094] In this invention, the switch module 150 is configured to control the on / off state between the high current output path 120 and the external system based on the detection result of the detection module 140, so as to control the power supply of the battery 110 to the external system.

[0095] In this embodiment, the battery 110 and / or external system are detected by the application detection module 140. When a problem is detected, the power supply circuit between the battery 110 and the external system is disconnected by the control switch module 150, thereby ensuring the safety of the equipment during the power supply process.

[0096] Specifically, the detection module 140 can detect the status parameters of the battery 110 or the external system, such as the voltage, temperature, and discharge current of the battery 110. For example, if the voltage of the battery 110 is lower than a certain set threshold, or the temperature rises abnormally, based on the detection results of the detection module 140, the switch module 150 can be put into an open state, thereby disconnecting the power connection between the battery 110 and the external system. The detection module 140 can use a dedicated sensor, discrete electronic components, or a combination thereof.

[0097] Specifically, the switch module 150 is located in the high-current output path 120 and is responsible for controlling the current flow between the battery 110 and the external system. Based on the status parameters provided by the detection module 140, the switch module 150 can disconnect the battery 110 from the external system. For example, when the detection module 140 detects that the battery 110 voltage is too low or the temperature is too high, the switch module 150 disconnects the battery 110 from the external system to prevent further discharge that could damage the battery 110 or cause safety hazards. When the detection module 140 detects that the load of the external system exceeds the power supply capacity of the battery 110, the switch module 150 disconnects to prevent the battery 110 from overloading. Alternatively, the detection module 140 can also detect the power demand of the external system. For example, if the vehicle starts, the switch module 150 closes to establish a circuit between the battery 110, the high-current output path 120, the starter connection 130, and the external system, allowing the battery 110 to supply power to the external system.

[0098] Specifically, the switching module 150 may include at least one of a MOSFET, a relay, or other electronic switches. For example, using a MOSFET can provide fast response and reliability, enabling disconnection operations to be completed within milliseconds.

[0099] Specifically, the switch module 150 may include a switch unit and a switch drive unit. The switch drive unit is connected to the switch unit. The switch unit is located in the high current output path 120. The switch unit may include at least one of a MOSFET, a relay, or other electronic switches.

[0100] In one specific embodiment, the switch module 150 is connected in series at any end of the high-current output path 120. For example, any terminal of the battery 110 is connected in series with the switch module 150, then the switch module 150 is connected to the high-current output path 120, and then the high-current output path 120 is connected in series with the start-up connection terminal 130.

[0101] In another specific embodiment, the two poles of the battery 110 can be connected to the high current output path 120 respectively, and then any one of the high current output paths 120 can be connected in series with the switch module 150. In the high current output path 120 where the switch module 150 exists, the switch module 150 is connected to the start connection terminal 130; in the high current output path 120 where the switch module 150 does not exist, the switch module 150 is connected to the start connection terminal 130.

[0102] In another specific embodiment, the switch module 150 may also be located in the middle of the high current output path 120 in any loop, that is, the battery 110 is connected to the high current output path 120, and then any high current output path 120 is connected to one side of the switch module 150, and the other side of the switch module 150 is connected to a new high current output path 120, and then the two current output paths 120 including and not including the switch module 150 are connected to the start connection terminal 130.

[0103] <Control Module>

[0104] Please see Figure 3 In one embodiment, the emergency start-up power supply 100 further includes a control module 160. The second end of the control module 160 (e.g., a control signal output end) is connected to the switch module 150, and the third end of the control module 160 (e.g., a detection result signal input end) is connected to the detection module 140. The control module 160 controls the on / off state of the switch module 150 based on the detection result.

[0105] Optionally, the first end of the control module 160 is connected to the battery 110. In this case, the battery 110 can be connected to the switch module 150 through the control module 160, thereby outputting the electrical energy of the battery 110 to an external system.

[0106] Specifically, the battery 110 can be electrically connected to an external system through the control module 160 to ensure that the current of the battery 110 can be transmitted to the external system.

[0107] Based on the detection results obtained by the detection module 140 monitoring the operating status of the battery 110, the control module 160 controls the switching module 150, controlling parameters such as voltage and temperature, to ensure that the battery 110 can operate normally and provide stable power to the external system. When the state of the battery 110 meets the operating requirements, based on the detection results of the detection module 140 (whether certain conditions are met), the control module 160 controls the on / off state of the switching module 150, allowing or prohibiting the output of electrical energy from the battery 110 through the switching module 150 (powering the load).

[0108] Optionally, the second terminal of the control module 160 is connected to the switch module 150. The switch module 150 functions in the power system to control the switching of current through the opening and closing of the control circuit. When the control module 160 receives an abnormal detection result from the detection module 140, such as detecting abnormalities in the voltage, temperature, or other states of the battery 110, the control module 160 can send a disconnect signal to the switch module 150 through its second terminal, cutting off the electrical connection between the battery 110 and the load. This prevents the battery 110 from being over-discharged, overheated, or subjected to other unsafe factors that could lead to system failure or damage. This ensures timely disconnection of the power supply when a problem occurs with the battery 110, guaranteeing system safety.

[0109] Optionally, the third terminal of the control module 160 is connected to the detection module 140 to receive the detection results from the detection module 140. For example, the detection module 140 collects the status parameters of the battery 110, including battery voltage, temperature, charging status, etc., and this data will be processed by the control module 160. The control module 160 analyzes the detection results transmitted by the detection module 140 to determine whether the working state of the battery 110 meets the start-up conditions. If abnormal conditions such as low battery or high temperature are detected in the battery 110, the control module 160 will, according to the set safety threshold, control the switch module 150 through the second terminal to cut off the output of the battery 110 in a timely manner to prevent damage caused by abnormal operation of the battery 110. The function of the detection module 140 is to provide accurate feedback on the status of the battery 110, thereby realizing intelligent regulation and precise management of the battery 110.

[0110] <Voltage Detection of Series Battery Packs>

[0111] Please see Figure 5 In some embodiments, the battery pack 110 includes a plurality of battery cells 110A, 110B, etc. For example, two or more, four or more, eight or more battery cells are connected in series and / or in parallel. The detection module 140 includes a battery pack voltage detection unit 147, which is capable of measuring the individual cell voltage of each battery cell 110A, 110B, etc. in the battery pack.

[0112] Optionally, the present invention is configured to sequentially detect the voltage of each battery cell 110A, 110B, etc., in one round of inspection. For example, a round of inspection is initiated by default when the device is started. For example, a round of inspection is initiated at regular intervals during device operation. For example, the individual cell voltage is continuously and cyclically detected during device operation without stopping.

[0113] For example, the battery pack voltage detection unit 147 can be set with only one voltage signal point Vs, and then through time-sharing control, the voltage signal point Vs can be connected to different battery cells 110A, 110B, etc. (or connected to different combinations of battery cells, such as different numbers of battery cells) in a time-sharing manner, so as to measure the voltage of each battery cell 110A, 110B, etc.

[0114] The detection result of the battery pack voltage detection unit 147 is fed back to the control module 160. Based on the detection result, the control module 160 can perform certain operations, such as controlling the first switch module 150 in the high current output path 120 to turn on or off.

[0115] For example, when the detected cell voltage is less than a certain threshold (e.g., 2.0V), the first switch module 150 is disconnected, thereby disconnecting the high-current output path 120. For example, when the detected cell voltage is less than a certain threshold (e.g., 2.0V), an alarm / charging reminder is triggered.

[0116] For example, since there is a correlation between the voltage of a single battery cell and its state of charge (SOC), the control module 160 can calculate the remaining capacity of the battery pack based on the detected voltage data of the battery pack, according to the voltage-SOC relationship (e.g., a pre-stored voltage-SOC curve). This remaining capacity is then displayed on the screen, making it convenient for the user.

[0117] like Figure 5 As shown, the emergency start-up power supply 100 of the present invention may also have a charging interface 170 and a charging circuit 171 for charging the battery pack 110.

[0118] Optionally, the charging interface 170 may include a bidirectional charging and discharging interface. On one hand, it can be used to charge the battery pack 110, and on the other hand, it can be used to charge external circuits (such as mobile phones and tablets) from the battery pack 110.

[0119] For example, during charging, the battery pack voltage detection unit 147 cyclically detects the voltage of each battery cell 110A, 110B, etc. When the detected cell voltage exceeds a certain threshold (e.g., 4.0V), the charging circuit 171 is disconnected, thus achieving overcharge protection.

[0120] Optionally, the emergency start-up power supply 100 of the present invention may further include a battery balancing module. For example, when the voltage deviation (difference) between several (two) battery cells is detected by the battery pack voltage detection unit 147 to exceed a certain threshold (e.g., 5%, 3%, 1%), the control module 160 controls the battery balancing module to perform battery balancing.

[0121] Battery balancing circuits can be passive or active. Passive balancing: This involves using resistors to dissipate excess energy from high-voltage batteries (e.g., by discharging through parallel resistors), bringing all battery voltages closer together. Active balancing: This involves transferring energy from high-energy batteries to low-energy batteries via energy transfer (e.g., capacitors, inductors, or transformers), achieving bidirectional compensation. Battery balancing can extend battery pack lifespan and improve driving range.

[0122] Figure 6 The circuit structure of one specific embodiment of the present invention for single-cell voltage detection in a series battery pack is shown.

[0123] The negative terminal of the battery pack voltage detection unit 147 is connected to the negative terminal BAT+ of the battery pack 110.

[0124] When the battery pack 110 has m battery cells (m is an integer not less than 2), the battery pack voltage detection unit 147 has at least m positive electrode branches Z1 to Zm. Each positive electrode branch is connected to the positive terminal of each battery cell. That is, the i-th positive electrode branch is connected to the positive terminal of the i-th battery cell, where i is an integer from 1 to m.

[0125] Each positive branch Zi is equipped with a controllable switch unit Qi, which is used to turn the positive branch Zi on or off under the control of the control signal Si.

[0126] In addition, the battery pack voltage detection unit 147 also has a voltage signal (voltage divider signal) acquisition circuit 1472 for detecting the voltage Vs at a certain point (outputting the voltage signal Vs at a certain point). For example, one end of the sampling resistor R0 is connected to the negative terminal BAT+ of the battery pack 110, and then the voltage Vs at the other end of the sampling resistor R0 is detected.

[0127] The control module 160 can control each controllable switching unit Q1 to Qm individually, thereby turning on the positive branch Zi (or Zi to Zj) corresponding to different battery units Qi (or different battery unit combinations Qi to Qj), thus connecting different battery units Qi (or different battery unit combinations Qi to Qj) to the voltage signal (voltage divider signal) acquisition circuit 1472. Through time-division control, the voltage signal Vs can correspond to different battery units Qi (or different battery unit combinations Qi to Qj) at different times, thereby allowing the measurement of the individual voltage of each voltage unit.

[0128] like Figure 6As shown, the controllable switching unit Qi includes a switching transistor Qia (e.g., one that conducts at a high level, such as an NPN transistor or an NMOS transistor), a switching transistor Qib (e.g., one that conducts at a low level, such as a PMOS transistor or a PNP transistor), and a resistor Ri. When the input signal Si is a high-level signal, Qia (e.g., the NPN transistor) is turned on, the third terminal (gate) of Qib (e.g., the PMOS transistor) is grounded, the voltage at the third terminal (gate) is less than the voltage at the first terminal (source), and Qib is turned on.

[0129] The two ends of Ri are connected to the third (gate) and the first (source) of Qib, respectively. Therefore, there can be a voltage drop across Ri, which ensures that the voltage of the third (gate) of Qib is lower than that of the first (source), keeping Qib on.

[0130] Optionally, the controllable switching unit Qi also includes a switching transistor Qiic. Specifically, the switching transistor Qib has the same characteristics (model number) as the switching transistor Qiic, but is connected in reverse series (i.e., the body diodes are in opposite directions). This structure completely prevents reverse current flow. For example, with two PMOS transistors connected in reverse series, since the body diodes of the two PMOS transistors are in opposite directions, when the control signal is off, regardless of which side has voltage, one body diode will always be in reverse, thus blocking the current.

[0131] Optionally, the reverse-connected switching transistors Qib and Qic can be controlled by a common third pole (gate).

[0132] like Figure 6 As shown, the third terminal (gate) of the switching transistor Qib is connected to the third terminal (gate) of the switching transistor Qiic. The first terminal (source) of the switching transistor Qib is also connected to the first terminal (source) of the switching transistor Qiic.

[0133] When the input signal Si is high, Qia (e.g., an NPN transistor) is turned on, and the third-gate voltage of Qib and Qiic (e.g., a PMOS transistor) is lower than the first-source voltage, so both Qib and Qiic are turned on. Thus, the positive branch Zi is turned on.

[0134] like Figure 6 As shown, when the positive branch Zi is turned on, the positive terminal BATi of the i-th battery is connected to the voltage detection circuit.

[0135] In some embodiments, only one positive branch Zi is turned on at a time, while the other positive branches are turned off, and then the voltage signal Vs is acquired.

[0136] In some embodiments, the m battery cells are connected in series. Therefore, when the positive terminal BAT1 of the first battery, which is closest to the negative terminal BAT- of the battery pack, is connected to the voltage detection circuit, the voltage signal Vs1 acquired by the voltage signal acquisition circuit 1472 is related to the voltage Vb1 of the first battery cell. When the positive terminal BATi of the i-th battery is connected to the voltage detection circuit, all battery cells from the first battery cell to the i-th battery cell (a total of i battery cells) are connected in series, and the voltage signal Vsi acquired by the voltage signal acquisition circuit 1472 is related to the sum of the voltages from the first battery cell to the i-th battery cell (a total of i battery cells) (Vb1 + ... + Vbi). Thus, by switching different positive terminal branches Zi on, the voltage value of each battery cell can be measured / calculated.

[0137] For a control module 160, there are often requirements on the maximum voltage signal value it can receive / process. For example, the ADC input voltage range of an MCU may be 0V to VREF (e.g., 3.3V). When only one battery cell BAT1 is connected to the voltage detection circuit, the acquired voltage signal Vs1 may not exceed the range. However, when BAT1 is connected, and i battery cells are connected in series to the voltage detection circuit, the acquired voltage signal Vsi may exceed VREF. To avoid the acquired voltage signal Vsi being too high when multiple battery cells are connected in series, this invention preferably sets several step-down resistors Rfi in the battery pack voltage detection unit 147. Furthermore, preferably, when more battery cells are connected to the voltage detection circuit, more step-down resistors Rfi are also connected to the detection circuit. Preferably, when there are m battery cells, at least m Rfi (i is an integer from 1 to m) are set. The resistance values ​​of each Rfi can be the same or different, as long as Vsi can be reduced to a reasonable range.

[0138] One specific implementation method is as follows Figure 6 As shown, several Rfi ( Figure 6 There are m voltage detection resistors (Rf1 to Rfm) connected in series, and then connected in series with the sampling resistor R0. The first terminal of the first step-down resistor Rf1 is connected to the sampling resistor R0; the second terminal of the first step-down resistor Rf1 is connected to the first positive branch Z1, and simultaneously connected to the first terminal of the second step-down resistor Rf2. Similarly, the first terminal of the i-th step-down resistor Rfi is connected to the (i-1)-th step-down resistor Rf(i-1), the second terminal of the i-th step-down resistor Rfi is connected to the i-th positive branch Zi, and simultaneously connected to the first terminal of the (i+1)-th step-down resistor Rf(i+1). Therefore, when BATi is connected (i.e., when i battery cells are connected in series to the voltage detection circuit), i series-connected step-down resistors Rfi are connected to the voltage detection circuit.

[0139] In one alternative, some of the step-down resistors have the same resistance value. For example, the second step-down resistor Rf2 to the m-th step-down resistor Rfm are all the same, that is, the resistance value of Rfj (when j is an integer from 2 to m) is the same. This facilitates the calculation by the control module (MCU).

[0140] In a preferred embodiment, the second step-down resistor Rf2 to the m-th step-down resistor Rfm are all the same, that is, the resistance value of Rfj (where j is an integer from 2 to m) is the same, and its resistance value is equal to (or approximately equal to) the sum of the first step-down resistor Rf1 and the sampling resistor R0. That is, Rfj = Rf1 + R0 (where j is an integer from 2 to m).

[0141] In this way, when i series-connected battery cells are connected to the voltage detection circuit, the total resistance of the series resistors in the measuring circuit is i times a fixed value (i is an integer from 1 to m). That is, when the first battery cell (BAT1) is connected, the total resistance of the series resistors in the circuit is Rf1 + R0, and when the first battery cell and the second battery cell are connected in series (BAT2), the total resistance of the series resistors in the circuit is Rf2 + Rf1 + R0 = (Rf1 + R0) * 2, and so on.

[0142] In this way, regardless of which positive branch Zi (BATi) is connected to the circuit, the output voltage signal Vs will fall within a roughly the same range. On the one hand, the control module (MCU) will not burn out. On the other hand, the over-discharge / overcharge thresholds can be set uniformly.

[0143] like Figure 6 As shown, in the battery pack voltage detection circuit 147 of the present invention, the voltage signal (voltage divider signal) acquisition circuit 1472 is used to acquire the voltage at the sampling resistor R0 to form a voltage signal Vs.

[0144] Preferably, the voltage signal (voltage divider signal) acquisition circuit 1472 may have at least one voltage buffer to absorb possible voltage fluctuations and buffer the divided voltage. This protects the electronic components and improves the signal-to-noise ratio. The voltage buffer may be a resistor, capacitor, clamping diode, or a combination thereof.

[0145] The voltage signal (voltage divider signal) acquisition circuit 1472 preferably includes a capacitor C29 connected in parallel with R0, one end of which is grounded to absorb potential voltage fluctuations. Optionally, the voltage signal (voltage divider signal) acquisition circuit 1472 may also include a resistor R116, one end of which is connected to R0, and the other end to C29, which can also help reduce voltage fluctuations and buffer the divided voltage. The signal is smoothed by forming an RC filter.

[0146] The voltage signal (voltage divider signal) acquisition circuit 1472 is preferably also equipped with at least one clamping diode to limit the voltage divider signal Vs from being less than a first threshold M1 (e.g., 0V) and / or not greater than a second threshold M2 (e.g., 3.3V). Figure 6 As shown, a forward clamping diode is provided on the voltage signal (voltage divider signal) acquisition circuit 1472 to limit the voltage signal Vs from being greater than the second threshold M2 (e.g., 3.3V).

[0147] For example, in one detection cycle (or one round of inspection), the control module 160 sequentially controls the i-th positive branch Zi of the battery pack voltage detection circuit 147 to be turned on, starting from i=1 to i=m. Only one positive branch Zi is turned on at a time, and the other positive branches are turned off. First, the first positive branch Z1 is turned on, and the voltage signal Vs1 is collected and input into the control module 160 to calculate the single-cell voltage Vb1 of the first battery cell; then, when the second positive branch Z2 is turned on, the voltage signal Vs2 is collected and input into the control module 160. Based on the previously calculated Vb1 and the newly collected Vs2, the single-cell voltage Vb2 of the second battery cell can be calculated; and so on. When the i-th positive branch Zi is turned on, the voltage signal Vsi is collected and input into the control module 160. Based on the previously calculated voltage values ​​from Vb1 to Vb(i-1) and the newly collected Vsi, the single-cell voltage Vbi of the i-th battery cell can be calculated.

[0148] The battery pack voltage detection circuit 147 of the present invention can conveniently detect the voltage of individual cells in the battery pack, achieving at least one of the following beneficial effects: First, it can detect the voltage when the batteries are working (in series) without affecting the normal operation of the battery pack; second, it has a fast response and high accuracy in acquiring voltage signals; and third, it facilitates subsequent processing (e.g., digital-to-analog conversion) and calculation by the subsequent control module (MCU).

[0149] Short Circuit Identification

[0150] Please see Figure 4 In some embodiments, the detection module 140 includes a short-circuit identification unit 141. The short-circuit identification unit 141 is used to detect whether the external circuit of the start-up connection terminal 130 is short-circuited. If the short-circuit identification unit 141 detects a short circuit in the external circuit of the start-up connection terminal 130, the switch module 150 is turned off (the switch module 150 is not allowed to conduct), so as to prevent the battery 110 from outputting current to the external system.

[0151] In this embodiment, the short-circuit identification unit 141 is implemented by continuously monitoring the electrical state of the start-up connection terminal 130, or by performing short-circuit identification before outputting current to the external system. The start-up connection terminal 130 is connected to the external system. The short-circuit identification unit 141 is mainly responsible for detecting whether a short-circuit fault has occurred in the external wiring of the start-up connection terminal 130. Once a short circuit is detected, the system needs to respond promptly to avoid overcurrent or other damage to the battery 110.

[0152] In implementation, the short-circuit detection unit 141 can operate through a combination of current detection and / or voltage detection. For example, when an external device experiences a short circuit, the current increases sharply and the voltage drops sharply. The short-circuit detection unit 141 can quickly identify this sudden change and accurately determine whether a short-circuit fault has occurred by comparing the detected current and / or voltage changes with a preset safety threshold.

[0153] When the short-circuit identification unit 141 detects a short-circuit fault, the control module 160 needs to disconnect the electrical connection between the battery 110 and the external load system via the switch module 150. The role of the switch module 150 in this process is to cut off the output path of the battery 110, preventing the battery 110 from continuing to supply current to the external system. This effectively protects the battery 110 from overcurrent damage and also prevents more serious damage to the equipment caused by the current generated by the short circuit in the external system.

[0154] On one hand, the switch module 150 also includes a mechanism where, in practical applications, upon confirmation of a short-circuit fault, the control module 160 immediately sends a disconnect signal to the switch module 150, instructing it to cut off the current output and ensure that the battery 110 no longer supplies power to the external system. The key to this process is ensuring that the battery 110 and the external system can be quickly and safely disconnected in the event of a short circuit through precise current and voltage detection, avoiding further electrical risks. This technical solution, through precise fault identification and current cutoff mechanisms, achieves self-protection of the battery 110 system in the event of a short circuit, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the system.

[0155] The short-circuit detection unit 141 can be designed to detect a sharp increase in current and / or a sharp drop in voltage. Therefore, a current detection module (e.g., setting a current-sensing resistor and measuring the voltage across it) can be used. However, a large current flowing through the current-sensing resistor can easily damage the current-sensing circuit. Therefore, this invention preferably uses a voltage detection module to detect voltage changes at the start-up connection terminal 130. At this time, the start-up connection terminal 130 (e.g., via a wire clamp) is connected to an external circuit, and the voltage change at this terminal corresponds to the voltage change at the external circuit.

[0156] In one embodiment, the short-circuit identification unit 141 includes at least a controllable switch and a transistor; the transistor is connected to the control module 160, the ground electrode, and the controllable switch respectively, and is used to control the controllable switch based on the control signal of the control module 160; the controllable switch is connected in series between the battery 110 and the start-up connection terminal 130, and is used to control the on / off state of the reference voltage and the start-up connection terminal 130; when the controllable switch responds to the control signal, the transistor controls the controllable switch to connect the reference voltage and the start-up connection terminal 130, and detects whether the start-up connection terminal 130 is short-circuited based on the voltage value of the start-up connection terminal 130.

[0157] Furthermore, the short-circuit identification unit 141 also includes a diode, with the positive terminal of the diode connected to a controllable switch and the negative terminal of the diode connected to the start-up connection terminal 130.

[0158] In some embodiments, the short-circuit identification unit 141 is designed to provide a power supply voltage to the external circuit (this power supply voltage source may be all or part of the battery pack 110, or it may be another power source inside the emergency start power supply 100, such as an internal regulated power supply), and then detect the voltage value at one end of the external circuit (such as the positive terminal of the external circuit, such as the positive output terminal of the start connection terminal 130) through a voltage detection unit (such as the first voltage detection unit 142).

[0159] If the detected voltage value drops (or drops sharply, for example, drops within a certain period of time) below a certain threshold (e.g., 0.1V), it is determined that there is a short circuit in the external circuit. At this time, the power supply circuit is forcibly disconnected. On the one hand, the power supply circuit in the short circuit identification unit 141 is forcibly disconnected, and on the other hand, the emergency start power supply 100 is not allowed to supply power to the external circuit (e.g., the switch module 160 is not allowed to be connected). In addition, when an external short circuit is detected, the control module 160 can issue an audible / visual alarm signal.

[0160] Figure 7 The circuit structure of a specific embodiment of the power supply circuit 1410 of the short circuit identification unit 141 is shown.

[0161] As described above, the power source for the short-circuit identification unit 141 can be all or part of the battery pack 110, for example, the battery pack 110 can be powered by a voltage regulator circuit; it can also be another power source inside the emergency start-up power supply 100, such as an internal voltage regulator. In this invention, it is preferable to use another power source besides the main battery pack (sodium battery 110), such as a 5V or 3.3V power source, to power the short-circuit identification unit 141. This can prevent damage to the main battery pack (sodium battery 110) when the short-circuit identification circuit is turned on.

[0162] The power supply circuit 1410 of the short circuit identification unit 141 includes a controllable switch circuit 1411, which is used to turn on or off the power supply of the short circuit identification unit 141 under the control of the control signal S1.

[0163] One specific implementation method is as follows Figure 7 As shown, the controllable switching circuit 1411 includes a switching transistor Q3 (e.g., an NPN transistor or NMOS transistor that conducts at a high level), a switching transistor Q2 (e.g., a PMOS transistor or PNP transistor that conducts at a low level), and a resistor R5. When the input signal S1 is a high-level signal, Q3 (e.g., an NPN transistor) is turned on, and the third terminal (gate) of Q2 (e.g., a PMOS transistor) is grounded. The voltage at the third terminal (gate) (is 0) is less than the voltage at the first terminal (source) (5V or 3.3V), so Q2 is turned on, and the power supply circuit of the short-circuit identification unit 141 is thus turned on.

[0164] R5 is connected to the third terminal (gate) and the first terminal (source) of Q2 respectively. Therefore, there is a voltage drop across R5, which ensures that the voltage of the third terminal (gate) of Q2 is lower than that of the first terminal (source), keeping Q2 on.

[0165] In addition, the power supply circuit 1410 of the short circuit identification unit 141 preferably includes a series diode D1 to prevent external voltage (CAR+) backflow.

[0166] Furthermore, the power supply circuit 1410 of the short-circuit identification unit 141 preferably includes a series protection resistor R3. This protection resistor R3 is generally a small-value resistor, such as 100R, to prevent the entire circuit from forming a complete short circuit.

[0167] When the power supply circuit 1410 of the short-circuit identification unit 141 is turned on and supplies power to the external circuit (CAR+), the voltage value at a detection point CAR+ can be detected by the first voltage detection unit 142. The detection point CAR+ generally corresponds to the positive terminal of the external circuit, such as the positive output terminal of the start-up connection terminal 130.

[0168] In this invention, the short circuit identification unit 141 may optionally include a first voltage detection unit 142 to detect the voltage value at the detection point CAR+.

[0169] Figure 8 The circuit structure of a specific embodiment of the first voltage detection unit 142 is shown.

[0170] The first voltage detection unit 142 has at least two resistors R6 and R8 connected in series. By detecting the voltage divider signal (e.g., V1) of the R8 section, the voltage magnitude at the detection point CAR+ can be calculated.

[0171] like Figure 8As shown, one end of resistor R8 is grounded, and voltage divider detection branch 1421 is connected between R6 and R8 to output voltage divider signal V1.

[0172] Preferably, the voltage divider detection branch 1421 may have at least one voltage buffer to absorb possible voltage fluctuations and buffer the divided voltage. This protects the electronic components and improves the signal-to-noise ratio. The voltage buffer may be a resistor, capacitor, clamping diode, or a combination thereof.

[0173] The voltage divider detection branch 1421 preferably includes a capacitor C1 connected in parallel with R8, with one end of C1 grounded to absorb potential voltage fluctuations. Alternatively, the voltage divider detection branch 1421 may also include a resistor R7, with one end of R7 connected to R8 and the other end connected to C1, which can also help reduce voltage fluctuations and buffer the divided voltage. This forms an RC filter to smooth the signal.

[0174] At least one clamping diode is preferably provided on the voltage divider detection branch 1421 to limit the voltage divider signal V1 to be no less than a first threshold M1 (e.g., 0V) and / or no greater than a second threshold M2 (e.g., 5V or 3.3V). Figure 8 As shown, a bidirectional clamping circuit D2 is provided on the voltage divider detection branch 1421, which includes two clamping diodes connected in parallel and in opposite directions to limit the voltage divider signal V1 to be no less than a first threshold M1 (e.g., 0V) and no greater than a second threshold M2 (e.g., 5V or 3.3V).

[0175] Preferably, the first voltage detection unit 142 of the present invention has a reverse connection protection (reverse connection identification) function. It is configured such that when the external circuit is reversed (positive and negative terminals are reversed), the output of the voltage divider signal V1 is 0 (or close to 0), and the control module 160 identifies it as an abnormality / short circuit, thereby preventing the switch module 150 from conducting.

[0176] like Figure 8 As shown, a reverse connection protection circuit 1422 is included. This reverse connection protection circuit 1422 is located, for example, between the detection point CAR+ and resistor R6. The reverse connection protection circuit 1422 includes a switching transistor Q1 (e.g., a PMOS or PNP transistor that is low-level on). When the detection point CAR+ is positive, the switching transistor Q1 is on. When the detection point CAR+ is negative, the switching transistor Q1 is off.

[0177] When the detection point CAR+ has a negative voltage, the switch Q1 is turned off, and the voltage at the ungrounded terminal of R8 is 0 or negative. Due to the action of the negative clamping diode in D2 (a clamping diode with its positive terminal grounded), and (if R7 is present in the voltage divider detection branch 1421, the combined effect of the negative clamping diode and R7) even when the voltage at the ungrounded terminal of R8 is negative, the output voltage signal V1 will not be negative (not less than 0). This avoids abnormal digital-to-analog signal conversion caused by a negative voltage signal after the voltage signal V1 is input to the control module 160.

[0178] Optionally, the reverse connection protection circuit 1422 includes a protection resistor R2 (a resistor with a large resistance value) connected in parallel with the switching transistor Q1. When the detection point CAR+ is negative, the switching transistor Q1 is turned off, and the protection resistor R2 connected in parallel with the switching transistor Q1 is connected to the circuit. Therefore, a negative current is formed in the circuit, and the resulting low voltage (negative voltage) at the second terminal (source) of Q1 can keep the switching transistor Q1 off.

[0179] exist Figure 8 In the specific circuit shown, the first terminal (drain) of the switching transistor Q1 (PMOS transistor) in the reverse connection protection circuit 1422 is connected to the detection point CAR+, the second terminal (source) is connected to resistor R6, and the third terminal (gate) is grounded through series resistor R1. The reverse connection protection circuit 1422 also has resistor R2, which is connected in parallel with Q1 (the two ends of resistor R2 are connected to the first and second terminals of Q1 respectively), and resistor R4, where the two ends of resistor R4 are connected to the third terminal (gate) and the second terminal (drain) of Q1 respectively.

[0180] Therefore, in some embodiments, the short-circuit identification circuit 141 of the present invention can not only identify short circuits in external circuits, but also has a reverse connection protection function. After the start-up connection terminal 130 is connected to the external circuit, before the emergency start-up power supply 100 turns on the switch module 150 to output a large current, the control module 160 (e.g., through a high-level signal S1) can turn on the short-circuit identification unit 141 of the present invention, and then use the voltage detection unit of the present invention to detect the voltage at the start-up connection terminal 130. When the external circuit is short-circuited or reverse-connected, the voltage signal detected by the voltage detection unit (below a certain threshold) will be identified as abnormal by the control module 160, thereby preventing the switch module 150 from being turned on.

[0181] Furthermore, since the present invention incorporates modules such as a negative clamping diode in the voltage detection unit, it can prevent the voltage signal detected by the voltage detection unit from being negative, thereby facilitating the identification (digital-to-analog conversion) of the control module 160.

[0182] <External Voltage Monitoring>

[0183] In this invention, the first voltage detection unit 142 is used not only to detect the external voltage during the short-circuit / reverse connection check before startup (when the switching transistor Q3 of the short-circuit identification unit 141 is turned on), but also to monitor the voltage state of the external circuit during normal operation (when the switching transistor Q3 of the short-circuit identification unit 141 is turned off). In one embodiment, the detection module 140 includes the first voltage detection unit 142, which is used to detect the voltage parameters of the external system; when the detection result of the first voltage detection unit 142 meets the preset conditions, the switching module 150 is turned on to allow the battery 110 to output current to the external system.

[0184] Optionally, the first voltage detection unit 142 may include a voltage divider unit, such as a voltage divider unit composed of two resistors, to obtain a voltage value, which is then sent to the switch module 150 as a detection result. The first voltage detection unit 142 may also include a voltage sensor, which can sample the external system voltage and convert it into a digital signal, which is then sent to the switch module 150 as a detection result. The operation of the switch module 150 depends on the detection result from the first voltage detection unit 142. If the detection result meets preset conditions, the control module 160 sends a command to the switch module 150, causing the switch module 150 to close, thus establishing a current path between the battery 110 and the external system. Optionally, the first voltage detection unit 142 can continue to monitor changes in the external system voltage. If the voltage value fluctuates abnormally, the switch module 150 changes its on / off state to off to prevent the battery 110 from outputting current to the external system.

[0185] Optionally, the preset conditions include the voltage of the external system being greater than a preset voltage threshold; or, the preset conditions include the voltage drop of the external system within a preset time being greater than a preset voltage fluctuation threshold.

[0186] For example, when the preset condition is that the voltage of the external system is greater than a preset voltage threshold, that is, when the detection result of the first voltage detection unit 142 is that the voltage of the external system is greater than the preset voltage threshold, the control switch module 150 is turned on. For example, when the external system, that is, the vehicle, starts, the car starter motor requires a large current to start, so the external detection voltage value (i.e., the voltage parameter of the external system) can be detected through the starter connection terminal 130. At that time, the external detection voltage value will drop rapidly. By preset a voltage threshold, when the external detection voltage value is lower than the preset voltage threshold, a detection result that meets the preset condition is generated and sent to the control module 160 or the switch module 150. The switch module 150 turns on based on the detection result to allow the battery 110 to output current to the external system.

[0187] On the other hand, when the preset condition is that the voltage drop of the external system within a preset time is greater than the preset voltage fluctuation threshold, that is, when the detection result of the first voltage detection unit 142 is that the voltage drop of the external system within a preset time is greater than the preset voltage fluctuation threshold, the control switch module 150 is turned on. For example, when the external system, i.e., the vehicle, is started, since the car starter motor requires a large current to start, the external detection voltage value (i.e., the voltage parameter of the external system) can be detected through the starter connection terminal 130. Within a preset time, such as 100ms, the external detection voltage value drops from 12V to 9V, that is, the voltage drop value is 3V. It is determined that the vehicle is in the ignition pull-down stage, and a detection result that meets the preset condition is generated and sent to the control module 160 or the switch module 150. The switch module 150 is turned on based on the detection result to allow the battery 110 to output current to the external system.

[0188] Reverse connection detection

[0189] In some embodiments of the present invention, for example, when the short-circuit identification circuit 141 (first voltage detection unit 142) used may not have reverse connection protection (reverse connection identification) function, it may be necessary to set up a separate reverse connection detection unit 143 to detect whether a reverse connection has occurred when the external circuit is connected to the start-up connection terminal 130. Even when the short-circuit identification circuit 141 used has reverse connection protection (reverse connection identification) function, a separate reverse connection detection unit 143 can still be set up in the detection module 140. For example, it can be used to further confirm whether a reverse connection has occurred. For example, the control module 160 first detects an abnormality (short circuit or reverse connection) through the short-circuit identification circuit 141, and then performs detection through the reverse connection detection unit 143 to confirm whether a short circuit or a reverse connection has occurred.

[0190] For example, after the external circuit is connected to the start connection terminal 130 and before the switch module 150 is turned on (e.g., before the short circuit identification unit 141 identifies a short circuit), the control module 160 first activates the reverse connection detection unit 143. When a reverse connection of the external circuit is detected, the switch module 150 is not allowed to be turned on. Optionally, an audible / visual alarm signal is also issued simultaneously.

[0191] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the detection module 140 includes a reverse connection detection unit 143, which is used to detect the connection status between the start-up connection terminal 130 and the external system. When the reverse connection detection unit 143 detects that the start-up connection terminal 130 and the external system are reversed, the switch module 150 is disconnected to prevent the battery 110 from outputting current to the external system.

[0192] In this embodiment, the reverse connection detection unit 143 is involved in confirming the connection status between the start-up connection terminal 130 and the external system. Its function is to determine whether the start-up connection terminal 130 and the external system are correctly connected, ensuring that the power supply direction meets design requirements and preventing damage to the equipment caused by reverse connection. The reverse connection detection unit 143 compares the voltage difference between the emergency start and the external system. When the reference voltage of the start-up connection terminal 130 is inconsistent with the voltage polarity of the external system, a reverse connection signal will trigger a protection action. The reverse connection signal is transmitted to the switch module 150, which disconnects based on the reverse connection signal, preventing the output of reverse current from having a long-term impact on the battery 110 and the external system.

[0193] Specifically, in response to the detection result of the reverse connection detection unit 143, the switch module 150 promptly disconnects the current output between the battery 110 and the external system when the detection result indicates a reverse connection. The output signal of the reverse connection detection unit 143 directly drives the operation of the switch module 150, changing the on / off state of the switch module 150 and quickly cutting off the current transmission channel between the battery 110 and the external system.

[0194] Figure 9 The circuit structure of a specific embodiment of the reverse connection detection unit 143 of the present invention is shown.

[0195] The design concept is that one end of the reverse connection detection unit 143 is provided with a fixed positive voltage V3 (e.g., from a regulated power supply, such as a 3.3V DC power supply), and then through at least one resistor ( Figure 9 The display shows two series resistors, R224 and R102, and a one-way switch circuit 1431, connected to the detection point CAR+ (the detection point CAR+ is generally the positive output terminal of the start-up connection section). From a certain resistor ( Figure 9 A voltage signal (voltage divider signal) V2 is led out from one end of R224 as a detection signal. When the one-way switch circuit 1431 is turned on, the voltage signal V2 changes due to the voltage at the detection point CAR+. (When the one-way switch circuit 1431 is not turned on, the voltage signal V2 remains unchanged.)

[0196] In this invention, the unidirectional switch circuit 1431 is used to achieve unidirectional conduction. For example, when the detection point CAR+ is positively connected, the unidirectional switch circuit 1431 is not connected, and when the detection point CAR+ is reversely connected, the unidirectional switch circuit 1431 is connected.

[0197] like Figure 9 As shown, the unidirectional switching circuit 1431 has a switching transistor Q93 (e.g., a high-level-on transistor, such as an NPN transistor or an NMOS transistor).

[0198] For example, in Figure 9In the specific circuit, the first terminal (collector) of the switching transistor Q93 (NPN) is located on the side with a fixed positive voltage V3 (e.g., connected to resistor R102), the second terminal (emitter) is connected to the side with the external circuit detection point CAR+ (e.g., connected to diode D15), and the third terminal (base) is grounded through a series resistor R89. Additionally, there is a resistor R95, with its two ends connected to the third terminal (base) and the second terminal (emitter) of Q93, respectively.

[0199] When the detection point CAR+ is reversed, the voltage is negative, and the circuit from ground to R89 to R95 to CAR+ (negative voltage) is turned on. At this time, due to the voltage drop across R95, the voltage of the third terminal (base) of Q93 is higher than that of the second terminal (emitter) of Q93, and Q93 is turned on.

[0200] Additionally, the unidirectional switching circuit 1431 may also include a diode D15. Diode D15 is connected in series with the switching transistor Q93. The cathode of diode D15 is connected to the detection point CAR+. This prevents reverse current from flowing into the reverse connection detection unit 143 when the external voltage (CAR+) is positive.

[0201] In this circuit, when the detection point CAR+ is positively connected (voltage is positive), the one-way switch circuit 1431 is turned off. On one hand, diode D15 prevents external positive voltage from entering; on the other hand, even if a small amount of current flows through diode D15, Q93 is turned off. (The voltage drop across R95 ensures that Q93 is turned off).

[0202] When the one-way switch circuit 1431 is off, the voltage signal V2 output after the fixed positive voltage V3 passes through the resistor (R224) is generally a high-level signal. When the one-way switch circuit 1431 is on and connected to the reverse-connected CAR+ (negative voltage), the voltage signal V2 will be significantly pulled low, and the output voltage signal V2 will be a low-level signal. The control module 160 receives the voltage signal V2 and can then detect the reverse connection.

[0203] Preferably, a negative clamping diode D45 is connected at the voltage signal V2 to limit the voltage divider signal V2 to be no less than a certain first threshold M1 (e.g., 0V). This ensures that the output voltage signal V2 will not be negative (no less than 0). This avoids the voltage signal V2 being negative, thus preventing abnormal digital-to-analog signal conversion caused by a negative voltage signal after the voltage signal V2 is input to the control module 160, and also facilitating the identification (digital-to-analog conversion) by the control module 160.

[0204] Compared with traditional optocoupler circuits, the reverse connection detection circuit of the present invention does not require a photoelectric conversion process, has higher detection sensitivity, faster response time, and lower cost.

[0205] <Battery Internal Voltage Detection / Monitoring>

[0206] In some embodiments, the detection module 140 includes a second voltage detection unit 144, which is used to detect the voltage parameters of the battery 110 (e.g., a sodium battery).

[0207] For example, to prevent over-discharge: if the detection result of the second voltage detection unit 144 is less than the preset threshold, the switch module 150 is disconnected to prevent the battery 110 from outputting current to the external system.

[0208] In this embodiment, the second voltage detection unit 144 detects the voltage parameters of the battery 110 to ensure that the battery 110 operates within a safe range. It collects voltage changes at the battery 110 ports and outputs the data to the detection unit for analysis. During this process, the battery 110 voltage is compared with a preset battery 110 voltage threshold, which can be customized based on the battery 110's chemical properties, discharge curve, and load requirements. Specifically, the voltage parameters of the battery 110 include at least the battery 110 voltage.

[0209] Specifically, when the detection result shows that the voltage of battery 110 is lower than the preset voltage threshold of battery 110, the second voltage detection unit 144 sends the detection result to the switch module 150 or to the control module 160. The control module 160 then controls the switch module 150 to adjust the on / off state to off, preventing the battery 110 from continuing to provide current to the external load.

[0210] In some embodiments, the battery pack voltage detection module 147 described above can also be used as a second voltage detection unit 144. For example, it can be used to detect the total voltage of the battery pack.

[0211] exist Figure 6 In the circuit structure shown, when BATm is connected to the detection circuit through the m-th positive branch Zm (other positive branches are turned off), all the series-connected batteries are connected to the detection circuit as a battery pack. At this time, the output voltage signal Vsm is directly related to the total voltage of the battery pack. Therefore, the total voltage of the battery pack can be calculated from the acquired voltage signal Vsm.

[0212] Temperature Detection

[0213] like Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, the detection module 140 includes a temperature detection unit 145. The temperature detection unit 145 is generally disposed on the outer surface of the battery 110 (e.g., a sodium battery). The temperature detection unit 145 is used to collect the battery temperature parameters of the battery 110. If the battery temperature parameters do not meet the preset temperature range, the switch module 150 is turned off to prevent the battery 110 from outputting current to an external system.

[0214] Optionally, the temperature detection unit 145 is disposed on the outer surface of the battery 110, thus accurately reflecting the surface temperature changes of the battery 110. During the charging and discharging process, the surface of the battery 110 will experience temperature changes due to internal chemical reactions and current flow. Therefore, the detection of the outer surface temperature becomes an important basis for judging the safety of the battery 110. The temperature sensor can be a thermocouple or an RTD (resistance temperature detector), which can convert the outer surface temperature of the battery 110 into a battery 110 temperature parameter output. Specifically, the sensor converts the temperature change into a corresponding resistance change or voltage change, and then the battery 110 temperature parameter is transmitted to the switching module 150 or the control module 160. The control module 160 controls the on / off state of the switching module 150 based on the battery 110 temperature parameter.

[0215] Specifically, when the temperature parameters of the battery 110 collected by the temperature detection unit 145 do not meet the preset temperature range, the switch module 150 will initiate a disconnection operation to prevent the battery 110 from outputting current to the external system.

[0216] Specifically, the temperature parameters of battery 110 include temperature electrical signals, which means that the collected temperature of battery 110 is converted into a corresponding electrical signal form.

[0217] Specifically, the temperature detection unit 145 includes at least a comparison unit, a first input unit, and a second input unit. The comparison unit includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and an output terminal. The comparison unit is used to compare the magnitude of the temperature electrical signal at the first input terminal and the reference electrical signal at the second input terminal, and outputs the detection result based on the comparison result. The first input unit is connected to the first input terminal and is used to perform temperature detection and provide a temperature electrical signal to the first input terminal based on the temperature detection result. The second input unit is connected to the second input terminal and is used to provide a reference signal to the second input terminal.

[0218] Specifically, the reference signal corresponds to a preset temperature value. When the first input unit acquires the temperature parameter of battery 110, it converts it into a corresponding temperature electrical signal and inputs it to the comparison unit through the first input terminal. The comparison unit compares the magnitude of the temperature electrical signal and the reference electrical signal, outputs the detection result, and the switch module 150 determines the on / off state based on the detection result, or the detection result is transmitted to the control module 160. The control module 160 controls the on / off state of the switch module 150 based on the temperature parameter of battery 110. Taking a reference signal corresponding to a temperature of 40 degrees as an example, when the temperature parameter of battery 110 corresponding to the temperature electrical signal is 45 degrees, the comparison unit outputs a high level as the detection result, and the switch module 150 is in the off state based on this detection result; when the temperature parameter of battery 110 corresponding to the temperature electrical signal is 35 degrees, the comparison unit outputs a low level as the detection result, and the switch module 150 is in the on state based on the detection result.

[0219] For example, the temperature detection module can use a thermistor as a temperature sensor. Taking advantage of the characteristic that its resistance decreases as the temperature rises, the thermistor and another resistor are combined to form a voltage divider circuit. Based on the electrical signal of the voltage divider node, the temperature of the thermistor can be determined, and thus the temperature of the battery 110 can be inferred.

[0220] See Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of an optional circuit structure for the temperature detection unit 145. The temperature detection module includes a thermistor NTC4 and a resistor R195 connected in series with it.

[0221] The temperature is calculated by detecting the resistance of the thermistor NTC4 using the voltage divider signal V4.

[0222] Optionally, a fixed voltage V3 is provided, which is connected in series with a sensitive resistor NTC4 and a resistor R195 and then grounded to form a current path.

[0223] Optionally, a capacitor C79 is connected in parallel with R195 to absorb potential voltage fluctuations. Alternatively, a resistor R193 can also be included, with one end of R7 connected to R195 and the other end of R193 connected to C79, which can also help reduce voltage fluctuations and buffer the voltage divider. This forms an RC filter to smooth the signal.

[0224] <Current Detection Unit>

[0225] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the detection module 140 may include a current detection unit 146. The current detection unit 146 is used to detect the current in the high-current output path 120.

[0226] For example, if the detection result of the current detection unit 146 is greater than the preset current value, the switch module 150 is disconnected to prevent the battery 110 from outputting current to the external system.

[0227] Optionally, the current detection unit 146 may include a sampling unit (e.g., a sampling resistor) and a voltage detection unit. The sampling unit is located in the high-current output path 120 and is used to collect the voltage value passing through itself (e.g., the voltage drop across the sampling resistor). The voltage detection unit is used to obtain the voltage value of the sampling unit (e.g., the voltage drop across the sampling resistor). The resistance value of the sampling unit is known. By obtaining the voltage value of the sampling unit, the voltage detection unit can obtain the current condition representing the current passing through the sampling unit, that is, obtain the current condition of the high-current output path 120. The larger the voltage value (e.g., the voltage drop across the sampling resistor), the larger the current value of the high-current output path 120.

[0228] The sampling unit may include at least one of a sampling resistor or a preset segment of the circuit in the high-current output path 120. The voltage detection unit may include a first resistor and a first capacitor. Optionally, the high-current output path 120 includes a positive output path and a negative output path. The sampling unit is located in the negative output path. The first resistor connects the sampling unit and the first terminal of the first capacitor, and the second terminal of the first capacitor is grounded. The current status of the high-current output path 120 can be obtained by reading the value at the connection between the first resistor and the first capacitor. For example, the control module 160 may be connected to the connection between the first resistor and the first capacitor to identify and determine the current status of the high-current output path 120. The current detection unit 146 may also have various implementations. For example, the voltage detection unit may include two voltage divider resistors, etc. The above is only one example and is not a unique limitation.

[0229] Optionally, the system can be configured to activate overcurrent protection (e.g., disconnect the switching module, or issue an audible / visual alarm) when the current exceeds a first current threshold A1 and persists for a first duration T1. Optionally, based on the detection results of the current detection unit 146, multi-stage overcurrent protection can also be designed. Multiple current value ranges can be preset, each corresponding to a different current magnitude level. The preset time threshold for triggering protection differs for each current value range, and the length of the preset time threshold is inversely related to the current magnitude level of the current value range (e.g., inversely proportional). For example, the larger the current magnitude level of the current value range, the shorter the corresponding preset time threshold; overcurrent protection is triggered when the duration of the current value reaches a shorter preset time threshold. Conversely, the smaller the current magnitude level of the current value range, the longer the corresponding preset time threshold; overcurrent protection is triggered only when the duration of the current value reaches a longer preset time threshold.

[0230] Optionally, the multiple current value ranges may include a first current value range, a second current value range, and a third current value range; the first current value range is a range greater than zero and less than or equal to a first preset current value, the second current value range is a range greater than the first preset current value and less than or equal to the second preset current value, the third current value range is a range greater than the second preset current value and less than or equal to the third preset current value, the first preset current value is less than the second preset current value, and the second preset current value is less than the third preset current value.

[0231] Specifically, when the control module 160 determines that the current value detected by the current detection unit 146 falls within a first current value range, it determines the corresponding preset time threshold as the first preset time threshold. When the duration of the current value reaches the first preset time threshold, the control switch module 150 disconnects to provide overcurrent protection. This effectively protects against scenarios where a user continuously presses the car start button or twists the key to attempt to start the car when it cannot be started.

[0232] Specifically, when the control module 160 determines that the current value detected by the current detection unit 146 falls within the second current value range, it determines the corresponding preset time threshold as the second preset time threshold. When the duration of the current value reaches the second preset time threshold, the control switch module 150 disconnects to provide overcurrent protection. This effectively protects against scenarios where the emergency jump starter 100 uses a small battery cell, while the vehicle to be started is a large-displacement vehicle, potentially leading to a situation where the electrical energy required by the vehicle exceeds the supply capacity of the emergency jump starter 100's battery cell.

[0233] Specifically, when the control module 160 determines that the current value detected by the current detection unit 146 falls within the third current value range, it determines the corresponding preset time threshold as the third preset time threshold. When the duration of the current value reaches the third preset time threshold, the control switch module 150 disconnects to provide overcurrent protection. At this time, if a short circuit occurs in the external system, rapid protection can be provided.

[0234] For example, multiple (n) current thresholds A1, A2... An can be set, where A1 > A2 >.... > An. Multiple (n) duration thresholds T1, T2... Tn can be set, where T1 < T2 <.... < Tn. It is set that the n current thresholds correspond to the n duration thresholds one by one. The current detection unit 146 can compare the detected current Ac with the n current thresholds to obtain the corresponding threshold Ai of Ac. For example, when Ac is greater than or equal to Ai and less than A(i + 1), it is determined that the corresponding threshold of Ac is Ai, where i is an integer from 1 to n (for example, when Ac is greater than or equal to A1 and less than A2, the corresponding threshold is A1). When it is determined that the threshold corresponding to the current Ac is Ai and the time that Ac is not less than Ai lasts longer than Ti, overcurrent protection is performed (such as disconnecting the switch module, such as sending out audible / visual alarm information).

[0235] Through overcurrent protection, the damage to the electronic switch caused by large current for a long time can be avoided.

[0236] In addition, since large current discharge for a long time (or smaller current discharge for a longer time) will also cause the temperature of the battery 110 (such as a sodium battery) to rise. Optionally, the current detection unit 146 can be used to replace the "temperature detection unit 145" to achieve overheat protection. By controlling different discharge durations allowed under different discharge currents (or current ranges), on the one hand, the damage to the electronic switch can be avoided, and on the other hand, the overheating of the battery (sodium battery) can be timely avoided.

[0237] Optionally, the detection module 140 can include a current detection unit 146, and the current detection unit 146 can also be used to detect the current of the large current output path 120; when the switch state of the switch module 150 is on and the battery 110 outputs current to the external system, after the external system is started, if the current detection unit 146 detects that the current is less than the preset current value, the switch state of the switch module 150 is switched to off to prohibit the battery 110 from outputting current to the external system. In this way, after the external system is started, the continuous power supply to the external system can be turned off, reducing the capacity loss of the battery 110.

[0238] For example, when jump-starting an external system (such as a car), the current in the high-current output path 120 is often a large current (e.g., greater than 300A). After the jump-start is complete, the current in the high-current output path 120 will decrease to a small current (e.g., less than 100A, or even less than 50A). When the current in the high-current output path 120 is detected to be less than a preset threshold Tj after the jump-start, it can be determined that the jump-start is complete. At this time, disconnecting the switch module 150 can prevent the battery 110 (such as a sodium battery) from continuously charging the external system (such as the car battery), thereby reducing the capacity loss of the battery 110 (such as a sodium battery).

[0239] Figure 11 The circuit structure of a specific embodiment of the current detection unit 146 is shown.

[0240] The two ends CAR-L and CAR-H of the current detection unit 146 are connected to the two ends of the sampling unit (e.g., the sampling resistor) respectively, so as to collect the voltage difference ΔV between the two ends.

[0241] Optionally, the current detection unit 146 includes an amplification unit 1463, which is used to generate an output voltage signal Vout that is proportional to the acquired voltage difference ΔV.

[0242] like Figure 11 As shown, the basic amplification unit 1463 can be a subtractor or a differential amplifier, for example, including four resistors R135, R130, R141, R145 and an operational amplifier OP. The relationship between the resistance values ​​of R135 and R130 determines the amplification factor of the amplification unit 1463. Vout = ΔV * R130 / R135.

[0243] Furthermore, the current detection unit 146 may also have at least one voltage buffer to absorb potential voltage fluctuations and buffer the voltage signal. This protects the electronic components and improves the signal-to-noise ratio. The voltage buffer may be a resistor, capacitor, clamping diode, or a combination thereof.

[0244] For example, capacitor C35 connected in parallel with R130 can reduce voltage signal fluctuations.

[0245] For example, at least one grounding capacitor C37 is provided at the output voltage signal Vout terminal to absorb possible voltage fluctuations. Optionally, a series resistor R138 provided at the output voltage signal Vout terminal, together with the grounding capacitor C37, forms an RC filter, which can smooth the signal, reduce voltage fluctuations, and buffer the voltage signal.

[0246] For example, at least one clamping diode can be placed between the terminals CAR-L and CAR-H of the current detection unit 146 and the operational amplifier OP to limit the voltage value at that point to be no less than a first threshold M1 (e.g., 0V) and / or no greater than a second threshold M2 (e.g., 3.3V). Figure 11 As shown, bidirectional clamping circuits D25 and D27 are respectively provided on the input lines of CAR-L and CAR-H. A bidirectional clamping circuit includes two clamping diodes connected in parallel and in opposite directions, used to limit the voltage divider signal V1 to be no less than a first threshold M1 (e.g., 0V) and no more than a second threshold M2 (e.g., 3.3V).

[0247] By using clamping diodes, the input voltage can be forcibly limited to a safe range, preventing the amplifier from being damaged by transient high voltages (such as ESD or surges).

[0248] like Figure 12 As shown, optionally, the current detection unit 146 of the present invention includes a first current detection branch 1461 and a second current detection branch 1462. The first current detection branch 1461 is used to detect smaller discharge currents, for example, to detect currents not exceeding a certain set current value Amax1. The second current detection branch 1462 is used to detect larger discharge currents, for example, to detect currents exceeding a certain set current value Amax1. Exemplarily, Amax1 can be set to 50A, 100A, 200A, 300A, etc.

[0249] For example, when Amax1 is set to 50A, the first current detection branch 1461 is used to detect currents not exceeding 50A, and the second current detection branch 1462 is used to detect currents exceeding 50A.

[0250] For example, when the current detection unit 146 is working, the first current detection branch 1461 can be connected to the point to be detected. When the measurement result shows that the current current has reached Amax1 (i.e., full scale, i.e. not less than Amax1), the second current detection branch 1462 is switched to perform current measurement to obtain the specific current magnitude.

[0251] exist Figure 11 In the circuit structure shown, the amplification factor of the amplifier unit 1463 can be adjusted by changing the resistance values ​​of R135 and R130. Vout = ΔV * R130 / R135. The difference between the first current detection branch 1461 and the second current detection branch 1462 can be limited to the ratio of R130 / R135. For example, when R135 is fixed, the resistance values ​​of R130 corresponding to the first current detection branch 1461 and the second current detection branch 1462 are different.

[0252] Therefore, optionally, in one embodiment, the first current detection branch 1461 and the second current detection branch 1462 can be combined into one circuit, and the control module performs current detection in different ranges by switching R130 with different resistance values.

[0253] Alternatively, in another embodiment, the first current detection branch 1461 and the second current detection branch 1462 are two independent circuits with different ratios of R130 / R135. The control module switches between the different detection branches by switching the connection of the voltage input terminals CAR-L and CAR-H.

[0254] The first current detection branch 1461 and the second current detection branch 1462 are set up to detect smaller currents and larger currents, respectively. This not only covers a larger current detection range, but also obtains more accurate measurement results in the corresponding detection range.

[0255] <Periodic Conduction>

[0256] In this invention, the detection module 140 may include a first voltage detection unit 142, which is used to detect the voltage parameters of an external system.

[0257] Optionally, when the first voltage detection system detects a voltage greater than a preset voltage, the control module 160 controls the switch module 150 to periodically conduct, allowing the battery 110 to periodically output current to the external system. The preset voltage can be a value greater than 0V, such as any value between 0.1V and 9V, such as 0.5V, 1V, 2V, 3V, 4V, etc., to detect when the external system is connected to the start-up connection terminal 130, causing the switch module 150 to conduct, thus allowing the battery 110 to periodically output current to the external system. In this way, after the external system is connected to the start-up connection terminal 130, the switch module 150 is intelligently activated periodically to wait for the external system to start, thereby allowing the battery 110 to output current to the external system.

[0258] Optionally, the switch module 150 can periodically conduct for N seconds, then disconnect for M seconds, then conduct for N seconds, disconnect for M seconds, and so on, in a loop. Furthermore, N seconds can be 1 second, 2 seconds, 3 seconds, 4 seconds, etc., and M seconds can be 0.5 seconds, 1 second, etc.

[0259] Optionally, the first voltage detection unit 142 is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the start-up connection terminal 130 respectively, so as to connect to the positive and negative terminals of the external system and thus obtain the voltage status of the external system.

[0260] Optionally, the first detection unit may include a voltage divider circuit to acquire the voltage value of the external system. The voltage divider circuit may include two resistors and sends the detected voltage value to the control module 160, so that the control module 160 can determine that the voltage value of the external system is greater than a preset voltage value based on the voltage value detected by the voltage divider circuit, and then control the switching module 150.

[0261] Optionally, the first voltage detection unit 142 can also determine whether the voltage value of the external system is greater than a preset voltage value. For example, the first voltage detection unit 142 may include a resistor and a comparator. The comparator is used to determine whether the voltage value of the external system is greater than the preset voltage value. For example, when the voltage value of the external system is greater than the preset voltage value, the comparator outputs a high level; when it is not greater than the preset voltage value, it outputs a low level. Alternatively, the first voltage detection unit 142 may include a resistor and a MOS switch. The MOS switch is used to determine whether the voltage value of the external system is greater than the preset voltage value. When the voltage value of the external system is not greater than the preset voltage value, the MOS switch closes, causing the first voltage detection unit 142 to output a specified level signal. In this way, the first voltage detection unit 142 can quickly determine whether the voltage value of the external system is greater than the preset voltage value, thereby achieving rapid control of the switching module 150.

[0262] In addition to the various embodiments described above, the first voltage detection unit 142 may also be implemented in other ways. The various implementation methods described above are only examples and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0263] <Charging and Others>

[0264] In one embodiment, the emergency start-up power supply 100 further includes: a charging interface 170 for connecting an external power supply to receive electrical energy from the power supply; and a charging circuit 171 for connecting the charging interface 170 and the battery 110 to charge the battery 110 with electrical energy from the power supply.

[0265] Optionally, the emergency jump starter 100 may include one or more charging ports 170; the charging ports 170 may be located in the housing of the emergency jump starter 100 so that a user can charge the emergency jump starter 100 through the charging ports 170. The charging circuit 171 is at least partially located on the circuit board and is housed within the housing of the emergency jump starter 100.

[0266] Optionally, the charging interface 170 includes at least one of a USB port, a cigarette lighter port, or a DC charging interface 170; the USB port may include various USB standard protocol interfaces, or may include future updated USB standard protocol interfaces.

[0267] Optionally, the charging circuit 171 includes at least one of a voltage regulation module or a current regulation module, and the voltage regulation module may include at least one of a boost circuit, a buck circuit, or a voltage regulator circuit.

[0268] Optionally, the charging circuit 171 may further include a protocol identification module, which initiates charging upon identifying a standard charging protocol, such as the Type-C interface protocol. Exemplarily, the standard protocol module may be the same module as the voltage regulation module, or they may be two separate modules.

[0269] Optionally, the emergency start-up power supply 100 may also include a charging protection module, which is used to disconnect the external power supply to charge the battery 110 in the event of a charging abnormality detected.

[0270] Optionally, the charging protection module may include at least one of the following protection units:

[0271] The overcurrent protection unit is used to detect the charging current of the charging circuit 171, so that if the charging current is greater than the preset current, the charging circuit 171 will disconnect the external power supply from charging the battery 110.

[0272] An overcharge protection unit is used to detect the voltage of battery 110 (or the voltage of a single cell in the battery pack) so that if the voltage of battery 110 (or the voltage of a single cell in the battery pack) is greater than a preset charging voltage, the charging circuit 171 disconnects the external power supply from charging battery 110.

[0273] An over-temperature protection unit is used to detect the temperature of the battery 110, so that if the temperature of the battery 110 is higher than a preset temperature, the charging circuit 171 will disconnect the external power supply from charging the battery 110.

[0274] The short-circuit protection unit is used to detect short circuits in the charging circuit 171, so that in the event of a short circuit in the charging interface 170, the charging circuit 171 disconnects the external power supply from charging the battery 110.

[0275] Optionally, the overcurrent protection unit may include at least one of a fuse, a sampling resistor, and a voltage detection circuit; the overcharge protection unit may include a voltage detection circuit; the overtemperature protection unit may include a thermistor and a voltage divider resistor, wherein the thermistor may be located at or near the battery 110, and the thermistor is connected to the voltage divider resistor; and the short circuit protection unit may include a voltage divider circuit.

[0276] Optionally, the charging protection module can use the detection module 140 described above to perform the corresponding voltage / current / temperature detection.

[0277] Please see Figure 13In one embodiment, the emergency start-up power supply 100 may further include a discharge interface 180 and a discharge circuit 181, wherein,

[0278] The discharge interface 180 is used to connect an external electrical device to provide electrical power to the device.

[0279] Discharge circuit 181 is used to connect the discharge interface 180 and the battery 110 so that the battery 110 discharges to the electrical device.

[0280] The discharge interface 180 includes at least one of a wireless discharge interface 180, a USB port, a cigarette lighter interface, or a DC discharge interface 180.

[0281] Thus, the charging port 170 can also be connected to external devices so that the battery 110 can charge the external devices, such as mobile phones, smartwatches, emergency lights, and laptops.

[0282] Optionally, the charging interface 170 may include a bidirectional charging and discharging interface 180, so that the charging interface 170 can also be connected to an external power device so that the battery 110 can charge the external power device.

[0283] Optionally, the emergency start-up power supply 100 further includes a prompting module for providing prompts based on the detection results of the detection module 140. The prompting module includes at least one of a display unit, a warning light unit, or a warning sound unit. It is used for providing audible / visual prompts and / or alarms. Thus, the prompting module can inform the user of the status of the emergency start-up power supply 100, including its working status or abnormal status.

[0284] Those skilled in the art will understand that the various units / modules / functions / methods described above can be combined / integrated with each other without obvious conflict.

[0285] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "some embodiments," "in one example," and "exemplarily" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0286] Any process or method description in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing a particular logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the invention includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, as will be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of the invention pertain.

[0287] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An emergency start-up power supply, characterized in that, include: Batteries are used to store electrical energy; Start-up connector, used to connect to an external circuit; A high-current output path is provided to connect the battery and the start-up connection terminal so that the battery outputs current to the external circuit. A switching module, located in the high-current output path, is used to control the connection or disconnection between the high-current output path and the external circuit. The detection module includes a short-circuit identification unit for detecting whether a short circuit has occurred in the external circuit connected to the start connection terminal; the short-circuit identification unit has a reverse connection protection circuit; the control module is configured to control the switching module to turn on or off based on the detection signal sent by the short-circuit identification unit.

2. The emergency start-up power supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Regardless of whether a short circuit or reverse connection occurs in the external circuit, the detection signal sent by the short circuit identification unit to the control module will be identified as abnormal by the control module; when an abnormality is identified, the control module will not allow the switch module to conduct.

3. The emergency start-up power supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The detection signal sent by the short-circuit identification unit to the control module is a voltage signal; moreover, regardless of whether a short circuit or reverse connection occurs in the external circuit, the short-circuit identification unit sends either a low-level signal or a high-level signal to the control module.

4. The emergency start-up power supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The short circuit identification unit includes a first voltage detection unit for detecting the voltage at the detection point and outputting a detection signal; the reverse connection protection circuit of the short circuit identification unit is set between the detection point and the detection signal output.

5. The emergency start-up power supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The reverse connection protection circuit has a switching transistor; when the detection point is at a positive voltage, the switching transistor is turned on; when the detection point is at a negative voltage, the switching transistor is turned off; and / or, the short circuit identification unit also has a negative clamping diode.

6. The emergency start-up power supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The detection module also includes a reverse connection detection unit for detecting / confirming whether the external circuit connected to the start connection terminal is reverse connected.

7. The emergency start-up power supply as described in claim 6, characterized in that, When the external circuit of the detection point is connected in the positive direction, the one-way switch circuit is not conducting; when the external circuit of the detection point is connected in the reverse direction, the one-way switch circuit is conducting. And / or, when the one-way switch circuit is off, the output detection signal is a high-level signal; when the one-way switch circuit is on, the output detection signal is a low-level signal; the control module receives the detection signal and can then identify whether a reverse connection has occurred.

8. The emergency start-up power supply as described in claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, A unidirectional switching circuit has a switching transistor, and further and / or, a diode connected in series with the switching transistor; And / or, a negative clamping diode is provided in the reverse connection detection unit.

9. The emergency start-up power supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The battery contains two or more battery cells; the detection module further includes a battery pack voltage detection unit for detecting the individual cell voltage of each battery cell; the control module is configured to perform battery protection or battery management based on the detection results obtained from the battery pack voltage detection unit.

10. The emergency start-up power supply as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Battery protection includes overcharge protection and / or over-discharge protection; battery management includes displaying the remaining battery power to the user, alerting the user, and / or automatically performing battery equalization; wherein the alarm includes reporting errors or notifying abnormalities.

11. The emergency start-up power supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage detection unit has only one voltage signal point. Then, through time-sharing control, the voltage signal point is connected to different battery cells or different combinations of battery cells in a time-sharing manner, so as to measure the voltage of each battery cell.

12. The emergency start-up power supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The control module can control each controllable switch unit, thereby turning on different battery cells and connecting different battery cells, or combinations of different battery cells, to the voltage signal acquisition circuit. Through time-division control, the voltage signal can correspond to different battery cells, or combinations of different battery cells, at different times, thereby allowing the individual voltage of each voltage cell to be measured.

13. The emergency start-up power supply as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Several battery cells are connected in series, and several step-down resistors are set in the battery pack voltage detection unit; and / or, the battery pack voltage detection unit is designed such that when more battery cells are connected to the voltage detection circuit, more step-down resistors are also connected to the detection circuit.

14. The emergency start-up power supply as described in claim 13, characterized in that, Several step-down resistors have the same resistance value; and / or, at least some of the step-down resistors have the same resistance value; and / or, when i series-connected battery cells are connected to the voltage detection circuit, the total resistance of the series resistors in the measuring circuit is i times a fixed resistance value.

15. The emergency start-up power supply as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The resistance values ​​of several step-down resistors are different; and / or, at least some of the step-down resistors have the same resistance value; and / or, when i series-connected battery cells are connected to the voltage detection circuit, the total resistance value of the series resistors in the measuring circuit is i times a fixed resistance value.

16. The emergency start-up power supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The detection module also includes a current detection unit for detecting the current magnitude of the high-current output path.

17. The emergency start-up power supply as described in claim 16, characterized in that, If the current exceeds the first current threshold and continues for more than the first duration, the switching module will be disconnected.

18. The emergency start-up power supply as described in claim 16, characterized in that, In the control module, multiple current value ranges are set, and multiple corresponding duration thresholds are set; when the measured current value is within different current value ranges, the duration threshold for triggering the control module to disconnect the switch module is different.

19. The emergency start-up power supply as described in claim 16, characterized in that, The current detection unit includes a first current detection branch and a second current detection branch; wherein, the first current detection branch is used to detect the current magnitude not exceeding a certain set current value, and the second current detection branch is used to detect the current magnitude exceeding the set current value.

20. The emergency start-up power supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The detection module also includes a temperature detection unit; the temperature detection unit is used to collect the sodium battery temperature parameters; if the sodium battery temperature parameters do not meet the preset temperature range, the switch module is turned off to prevent the sodium battery from outputting current to the external system.

21. The emergency start-up power supply as described in claim 20, characterized in that, The emergency start-up power supply further includes: a charging interface for connecting an external power supply; and a charging circuit for connecting the charging interface and the sodium battery to charge the battery using the electrical energy from the power supply.

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