A high-voltage charging circuit and chip

Abstract

This invention provides a high-voltage charging circuit and chip, relating to the field of high-voltage charging technology. The high-voltage charging circuit includes a charging module, an adjustment module, and a switching module; the switching module includes a first high-voltage switching transistor; the adjustment module includes a first Zener diode. When the charging module is short-circuited, the first Zener diode clamps the gate voltage of the first high-voltage switching transistor to a preset voltage value, thereby limiting the output current of the switching module. Based on this, this invention utilizes the high-voltage transistor and the Zener diode to construct a simple high-voltage charging circuit, generating the rated power rail voltage, thus alleviating the technical problem in the prior art of efficiently and stably generating the required power rail, and achieving current limiting protection based on the aforementioned high-voltage charging circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of high-voltage charging technology, and in particular to a high-voltage charging circuit and chip. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of electronic technology, high-voltage applications are becoming increasingly common in fields such as industrial control, automotive electronics, and power systems. In these scenarios, the external input voltage often varies significantly, which places higher demands on the power management of chips. To ensure that chips can operate normally under high-voltage environments, it is typically necessary to provide them with rated power rails before enabling them internally.

[0003] However, existing power management circuits often struggle to efficiently and stably generate the required power rails when faced with high-voltage signals over a wide input range. Therefore, designing a simple circuit for charging high-voltage signals to generate specific power rails from high-voltage signals with a wide input range has become a pressing technical problem. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-voltage charging circuit and chip. A simple high-voltage charging circuit is constructed using a high-voltage transistor and a Zener diode to generate the rated power rail voltage, thereby alleviating the technical problem of difficulty in efficiently and stably generating the required power rail in the prior art. At the same time, current limiting protection is achieved by using the charging path.

[0005] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a current-limited start-up high-voltage charging circuit, the high-voltage charging circuit comprising:

[0006] The system comprises a charging module, an adjustment module, and a switching module; the switching module includes a first high-voltage switching transistor; the adjustment module includes a first Zener diode.

[0007] The first terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor is connected to the power input unit, and the second terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor is connected to the charging module; the charging module is also connected to the load and supplies power to the load; the cathode of the first Zener diode is connected to the control terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor and the power input unit; the anode of the first Zener diode is connected to the second terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor.

[0008] When the charging module is short-circuited, the first Zener diode is used to clamp the gate voltage of the first high-voltage switching transistor to a preset voltage value to limit the output current of the switching module.

[0009] Optionally, the switching module includes a first current-limiting resistor; the second terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor is connected to the first terminal of the first current-limiting resistor; and the second terminal of the first current-limiting resistor is connected to the charging module.

[0010] The first current-limiting resistor, the first high-voltage switching transistor, and the first Zener diode form a negative feedback loop to limit the output current of the first high-voltage switching transistor.

[0011] Optionally, the adjustment module further includes a voltage adjustment component; the voltage adjustment component includes multiple Zener diodes; the Zener diodes are cascaded to form a cascaded branch; the first end of the cascaded branch is connected to the control terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor; the second end of the cascaded branch is connected to the output terminal of the charging module.

[0012] The clamping voltage of the first Zener diode is equal to the sum of the voltages between the Zener diodes in the cascaded branch.

[0013] Optionally, the formula for calculating the charging voltage of the charging module is expressed as follows:

[0014] VDD=(Vzener1+…+Vzener n)-Vth;

[0015] Wherein, VDD is the preset charging voltage value of the charging module; Vth is the conduction voltage of the first high-voltage switch; Vzener1, ..., Vzenern are the voltage values ​​of each Zener diode in the cascaded branch; and n is the total number of Zener diodes in the cascaded branch.

[0016] Optionally, the voltage regulation component includes two Zener diodes. When the two Zener diodes include a second Zener diode and a third Zener diode, the cathode of the second Zener diode is connected to the control terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor; the anode of the second Zener diode is connected to the cathode of the third Zener diode; and the anode of the third Zener diode is connected to the output terminal of the charging module.

[0017] Optionally, the switching module further includes a second high-voltage switching transistor, with the second end of the first high-voltage switching transistor connected to the first end of the second high-voltage switching transistor; the second end of the second high-voltage switching transistor is connected to the charging module.

[0018] When power is supplied to the charging module, the first high-voltage switch is turned on and the second high-voltage switch is in a unidirectional conducting state.

[0019] Optionally, the gate and source terminals of the second high-voltage switching transistor are shorted.

[0020] Optionally, when the output voltage of the charging module is greater than the input voltage of the power input unit, the second high-voltage switch is in the off state.

[0021] Optionally, the high-voltage charging circuit further includes a second current-limiting resistor; the first end of the second current-limiting resistor is connected to the power input unit; and the second end of the second current-limiting resistor is connected to the control terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor.

[0022] Secondly, this utility model also provides a high-voltage charging chip, including the high-voltage charging circuit described in any of the first aspects above.

[0023] The high-voltage charging circuit and chip provided by this utility model have the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The high-voltage charging circuit in this application includes a charging module, an adjustment module, and a switching module. The switching module includes a first high-voltage switching transistor; the adjustment module includes a first Zener diode. The first terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor is connected to the power input unit, and the second terminal is connected to the charging module. The charging module is also connected to a load and supplies power to the load. The cathode of the first Zener diode is connected to the control terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor, and the anode of the first Zener diode is connected to the second terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor. When the charging module is short-circuited, the first Zener diode clamps the gate voltage of the first high-voltage switching transistor to a preset voltage value to limit the output current of the switching module. Based on this, this application utilizes the high-voltage transistor and the Zener diode to construct a simple high-voltage charging circuit that generates the rated power rail voltage, thereby alleviating the technical problem in the prior art of efficiently and stably generating the required power rail, and implementing current-limiting protection based on the aforementioned high-voltage charging circuit. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 One of the structural schematic diagrams of the high-voltage charging circuit provided in the embodiment of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a voltage waveform diagram of the charging module in the charging state in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a voltage waveform diagram of the charging module in a short-circuit state in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 A second schematic diagram of the high-voltage charging circuit provided in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 The third schematic diagram of the high-voltage charging circuit provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 6One of the circuit schematic diagrams of the high-voltage charging circuit provided in the embodiment of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 7 The second circuit diagram of the high-voltage charging circuit provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 8 The third circuit diagram of the high-voltage charging circuit provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0034] Icons: 10-High voltage charging circuit; 20-Power input unit; 101-Charging module; 102-Adjustment module; 103-Switch module; 201-Voltage adjustment component; M1-First high voltage switch; M2-Second high voltage switch; R1-First current limiting resistor; R2-Second current limiting resistor; C1-Charging capacitor; Z1-First Zener diode; Z2-Second Zener diode; Z3-Third Zener diode; D1-Body diode. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0036] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0038] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used only for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0040] The following describes some embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] It should be noted that, without conflict, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a high-voltage charging circuit is shown. The high-voltage charging circuit 10 includes a charging module 101, an adjustment module 102, and a switching module 103. The switching module 103 includes a first high-voltage switching transistor M1; the adjustment module 102 includes a first Zener diode Z1.

[0043] In this embodiment, the first end of the first high-voltage switch M1 is connected to the power input unit 20, and the second end of the first high-voltage switch M1 is connected to the charging module 101; the charging module 101 is also connected to the load and supplies power to the load.

[0044] The cathode of the first Zener diode Z1 is connected to the control terminal of the first high-voltage switch M1 and the power input unit 20; the anode of the first Zener diode Z1 is connected to the second terminal of the first high-voltage switch M1.

[0045] When the charging module 101 is short-circuited, the first Zener diode Z1 is used to clamp the gate voltage of the first high-voltage switching transistor M1 to a preset voltage value to limit the output current of the switching module 103.

[0046] In this embodiment, the output current of the power input unit 20 flows to the charging module 101 through the first high-voltage switch M1, wherein the first high-voltage switch M1 is subject to adjustment of the gate voltage.

[0047] When the high-voltage charging circuit 10 is in normal charging state, taking the potential point A (at the input terminal) of the charging module 101 as an example, please refer to... Figure 2 , Figure 2The diagram shows the voltage waveform of the charging module in the high-voltage charging circuit of this embodiment when it is in the charging state. As the input voltage VIN rises, the gate voltage VG of the first high-voltage switch M1 increases until the gate voltage VG exceeds the threshold voltage Vth of the first high-voltage switch M1. At this time, the first high-voltage switch M1 turns on, and the power input unit 20 starts to charge the charging module 101, that is, the high voltage flows to the charging module 101. The voltage VDD corresponding to the potential point A (at the input terminal) of the charging module 101 gradually rises until it reaches the preset charging voltage value.

[0048] Furthermore, when the charging module 101 is affected by external interference voltage and a short circuit occurs, the high-voltage charging circuit 10 provided in this embodiment can provide effective short-circuit protection. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a voltage waveform diagram of the charging module in the high-voltage charging circuit in this embodiment when it is in a short-circuit state. When the charging module 101 is short-circuited, the voltage at potential point A is VDD, which is 0V. The gate voltage VG of the first high-voltage switch M1 is clamped to a preset voltage value, such as the Vzener value below, thereby limiting the output current of the switch module 103.

[0049] Based on this, this embodiment provides a high-voltage charging circuit, which uses a high-voltage tube and a Zener diode to construct a simple high-voltage charging circuit to generate the rated power rail voltage. This can alleviate the technical problem of difficulty in efficiently and stably generating the required power rail in the prior art. At the same time, current limiting protection is achieved by using the charging path.

[0050] This embodiment does not limit the configuration of the switch module 103. In one possible implementation, please refer to... Figure 1 Based on, refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the switch module in this embodiment; wherein, the switch module 103 includes a first current-limiting resistor R1; the second end of the first high-voltage switch M1 is connected to the first end of the first current-limiting resistor R1; the second end of the first current-limiting resistor R1 is connected to the charging module 101.

[0051] The first current-limiting resistor R1, the first high-voltage switch M1, and the first Zener diode Z1 form a negative feedback loop to limit the output current of the first high-voltage switch M1.

[0052] In this embodiment, when the charging module 101 is short-circuited, the gate voltage of the first high-voltage switch M1 is clamped to the Vzener value. The first resistor limits the output current of the first high-voltage switch M1 through negative feedback. For example, when the output current is large, a large voltage drop can be generated across the first resistor, causing the gate-source voltage Vgs of the first high-voltage switch M1 to decrease, thereby limiting the output voltage of the first high-voltage switch M1 and playing the role of current limiting protection.

[0053] Please Figure 1 Based on, refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is another structural schematic diagram of the high-voltage charging circuit in this embodiment; the adjustment module 102 in this embodiment also includes a voltage adjustment component 201; the voltage adjustment component 201 includes multiple Zener diodes; the Zener diodes are cascaded to form a cascaded branch; the first end of the cascaded branch is connected to the control terminal of the first high-voltage switch M1; the second end of the cascaded branch is connected to the output terminal of the charging module 101.

[0054] The clamping voltage of the first Zener diode Z1 is equal to the sum of the voltages between the Zener diodes in the cascaded branch.

[0055] In this embodiment, please continue to refer to Figure 2 As the input voltage VIN rises, the gate voltage of the first high-voltage switch M1 increases until the gate voltage exceeds the threshold voltage Vth of the first high-voltage switch M1. At this time, the first high-voltage switch M1 turns on, and the power input unit 20 starts to charge the charging module 101. The charging voltage of the charging module 101 slowly increases with the gate voltage of the first high-voltage switch M1, eventually reaching the preset charging voltage.

[0056] The formula for calculating the charging voltage of the charging module 101 in this embodiment can be expressed as:

[0057] VDD=(Vzener1+…+Vzener n)-Vth;

[0058] Wherein, VDD is the preset charging voltage of the charging module 101; Vth is the turn-on voltage of the first high-voltage switch M1; Vzener1, ..., Vzenern are the voltages of each Zener diode in the cascaded branch; and n is the total number of Zener diodes in the cascaded branch.

[0059] Please Figure 1 Based on, refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6This is a circuit diagram of the high-voltage charging circuit in this embodiment; the voltage adjustment component 201 includes two Zener diodes. When the two Zener diodes include a second Zener diode Z2 and a third Zener diode Z3, the cathode of the second Zener diode Z2 is connected to the control terminal of the first high-voltage switch M1; the anode of the second Zener diode Z2 is connected to the cathode of the third Zener diode Z3, and the anode of the third Zener diode Z3 is connected to the output terminal of the charging module 101.

[0060] At this point, the formula for calculating the charging voltage of the charging module 101 can be further expressed as: VDD=(Vzener1+Vzener 2)-Vth; where Vzener1 is the voltage of the second Zener diode Z2 and Vzener 2 is the voltage of the third Zener diode Z3.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the Zener diodes in the high-voltage charging circuit 10 can be of the same type. In this case, the voltage (or clamping voltage) of each Zener diode in each cascade branch can be kept consistent, for example, all being Vzener values. Based on this, the formula for calculating the charging voltage of the charging module 101 can be expressed as: VDD = 2 * Vzener - Vth.

[0062] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the gate voltage of the first high-voltage switch M1 is also equal to Vzener. That is, when the charging module 101 is short-circuited, the gate voltage of the first high-voltage switch M1 is clamped to the Vzener value by the first Zener diode Z1.

[0063] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 6 In this embodiment, the charging module 101 may include a charging capacitor C1. At this time, the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the charging capacitor C1, and the second end of the charging capacitor C1 is connected to the anode of the second Zener diode Z2.

[0064] In one possible implementation method, please Figure 6 Based on, refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is another circuit diagram of the high-voltage charging circuit in this embodiment. The switching module 103 also includes a second high-voltage switching transistor M2. The second end of the first high-voltage switching transistor M1 is connected to the first end of the second high-voltage switching transistor M2. The second end of the second high-voltage switching transistor M2 is connected to the charging module 101.

[0065] When power is supplied to the charging module 101, the first high-voltage switch M1 is turned on and the second high-voltage switch M2 is in a unidirectional conducting state.

[0066] In this embodiment, both the first high-voltage switch M1 and the second high-voltage switch M2 are high-voltage MOSFETs. The first high-voltage switch M1 is controlled by its gate voltage to charge the charging module 101 from the high-voltage input voltage VIN. At this time, the gate and source of the second high-voltage switch M2 are short-circuited, and the input current flows through the forward-biased body diode D1. Furthermore, when the voltage at potential point A in the charging module 101 is driven high by an interference voltage, the second high-voltage switch M2 is turned off, and the body diode D1 is reverse-biased, thus protecting the internal circuitry.

[0067] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 7 At this time, the source of the second high-voltage switch M2 is connected to the first terminal of the charging capacitor C1.

[0068] Please Figure 7 Based on, refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 This diagram shows another circuit schematic of the high-voltage charging circuit in this embodiment. The high-voltage charging circuit 10 also includes a second current-limiting resistor R2. The first end of the second current-limiting resistor R2 is connected to the power input unit 20. The second end of the second current-limiting resistor R2 is connected to the control terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor M1.

[0069] Based on this, this application provides a high-voltage charging circuit, which uses a high-voltage transistor and a Zener diode to construct a simple high-voltage charging circuit to generate the rated power rail voltage, thereby alleviating the technical problem of difficulty in efficiently and stably generating the required power rail in the prior art. At the same time, current limiting protection is achieved by using the resistor on the charging path.

[0070] Similar to the previous embodiment, this utility model also provides a high-voltage charging chip, which integrates at least the high-voltage charging circuit described in the above embodiment. The high-voltage charging circuit integrates at least a charging module, an adjustment module, and a switching module. The switching module includes a first high-voltage switching transistor; the adjustment module includes a first Zener diode. The first terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor is connected to a power input unit, and the second terminal is connected to the charging module. The charging module is also connected to a load and supplies power to the load. The cathode of the first Zener diode is connected to the control terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor, and the anode of the first Zener diode is connected to the second terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor. When the charging module is short-circuited, the first Zener diode clamps the gate voltage of the first high-voltage switching transistor to a preset voltage value to limit the output current of the switching module.

[0071] Based on this, this application utilizes a high-voltage tube and a Zener diode to construct a simple high-voltage charging circuit to generate the rated power rail voltage, thereby alleviating the technical problem of difficulty in efficiently and stably generating the required power rail in the prior art, and realizing current limiting protection based on the above high-voltage charging circuit.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high voltage charging circuit, characterized by, The high-voltage charging circuit includes: The system includes a charging module, an adjustment module, and a switching module; the switching module includes a first high-voltage switching transistor; and the adjustment module includes a first Zener diode. The first terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor is connected to the power input unit, and the second terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor is connected to the charging module; the charging module is also connected to the load and supplies power to the load; the cathode of the first Zener diode is connected to the control terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor and the power input unit; the anode of the first Zener diode is connected to the second terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor. When the charging module is short-circuited, the first Zener diode is used to clamp the gate voltage of the first high-voltage switching transistor to a preset voltage value to limit the output current of the switching module.

2. The high voltage charging circuit of claim 1, wherein, The switching module includes a first current-limiting resistor; the second terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor is connected to the first terminal of the first current-limiting resistor; the second terminal of the first current-limiting resistor is connected to the charging module. The first current-limiting resistor, the first high-voltage switching transistor, and the first Zener diode form a negative feedback loop to limit the output current of the first high-voltage switching transistor.

3. The high voltage charging circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The adjustment module further includes a voltage adjustment component; the voltage adjustment component includes multiple Zener diodes; the Zener diodes are cascaded to form a cascaded branch; the first end of the cascaded branch is connected to the control terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor; the second end of the cascaded branch is connected to the output terminal of the charging module. Wherein, the clamping voltage of the first Zener diode is equal to the sum of the voltages between the Zener diodes in the cascaded branch.

4. The high voltage charging circuit of claim 3, wherein, The voltage adjustment component includes two Zener diodes. When the two Zener diodes include a second Zener diode and a third Zener diode, the cathode of the second Zener diode is connected to the control terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor; the anode of the second Zener diode is connected to the cathode of the third Zener diode; and the anode of the third Zener diode is connected to the output terminal of the charging module.

5. The high voltage charging circuit of claim 3, wherein, The switching module further includes a second high-voltage switching transistor, with the second end of the first high-voltage switching transistor connected to the first end of the second high-voltage switching transistor; the second end of the second high-voltage switching transistor is connected to the charging module. When power is supplied to the charging module, the first high-voltage switch is turned on and the second high-voltage switch is in a unidirectional conducting state.

6. The high voltage charging circuit of claim 5, wherein, The gate and source terminals of the second high-voltage switching transistor are shorted.

7. The high-voltage charging circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the output voltage of the charging module is greater than the input voltage of the power input unit, the second high-voltage switch is in the off state.

8. The high voltage charging circuit of claim 1, wherein, The high-voltage charging circuit further includes a second current-limiting resistor; the first end of the second current-limiting resistor is connected to the power input unit; the second end of the second current-limiting resistor is connected to the control terminal of the first high-voltage switching transistor.

9. A high-voltage charging chip, characterized in that, Includes the high-voltage charging circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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