Rotor laminations, motors and vehicles

Abstract

This utility model relates to a rotor lamination, a motor, and a vehicle. The rotor lamination has multiple winding slots on its outer circumferential surface for mounting excitation windings. The rotor lamination has a first arcuate segment and a second arcuate segment circumferentially arranged on its outer circumferential surface between at least two adjacent winding slots. The first arcuate segment is connected to one of the two adjacent winding slots, and the second arcuate segment is connected to the other of the two adjacent winding slots. At least one of the first and second arcuate segments is eccentrically positioned relative to the center of the rotor lamination. The rotor lamination of this utility model, through the non-uniform air gap formed by the first and / or second arcuate segments, can improve harmonics in the rotor magnetic field and reduce harmonic content in the back electromotive force, thereby significantly reducing torque ripple and electromagnetic force levels, and contributing to the optimization of the motor's NVH (Noise, Vibration, and Harshness) level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of motor technology, specifically to a rotor lamination, a motor, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Electrically excited synchronous motors are one of the commonly used drive motor types for electric vehicles. In related technologies, the stator and rotor outer diameters are concentrically designed, and the air gap is uniform throughout the pole arc. Therefore, the rotor magnetic field contains abundant harmonics of the 3rd, 5th, and 7th orders, resulting in large torque ripple and electromagnetic force. It is difficult to balance motor torque performance and NVH performance (the comprehensive performance of vehicle noise, vibration, and harshness, which is a core indicator for measuring vehicle manufacturing quality and ride comfort). Utility Model Content

[0003] This utility model aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0004] Therefore, embodiments of this utility model propose a rotor lamination that can improve harmonics in the rotor magnetic field, reduce harmonic content in the back EMF, reduce torque pulsation and electromagnetic force levels, and help optimize the NVH performance of the motor.

[0005] An embodiment of this utility model also proposes an electric motor.

[0006] An embodiment of this utility model also proposes a vehicle.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rotor lamination has a plurality of winding slots on its outer peripheral surface. The winding slots are used to install excitation windings. The rotor lamination has a first arc surface segment and a second arc surface segment arranged circumferentially on its outer peripheral surface between at least two adjacent winding slots. The first arc surface segment is connected to one of the two adjacent winding slots, and the second arc surface segment is connected to the other of the two adjacent winding slots. At least one of the first arc surface segment and the second arc surface segment is eccentrically arranged relative to the center of the rotor lamination.

[0008] The rotor laminations of this utility model form a non-uniform air gap through the first arc surface segment and / or the second arc surface segment, which can improve the harmonics in the rotor magnetic field and reduce the harmonic content in the back electromotive force. This can significantly reduce torque pulsation and electromagnetic force levels, and help optimize the NVH level of the motor.

[0009] In some embodiments, the winding slot has a symmetry plane, and the first arcuate segment and the second arcuate segment located on both sides of the winding slot are symmetrical about the symmetry plane of the winding slot.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first arc segment and the second arc segment located between two adjacent winding slots are located on the same eccentric circle.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first arc segment has a first minimum air gap point, the second arc segment has a second minimum air gap point, and the second minimum air gap point coincides with the first minimum air gap point.

[0012] In some embodiments, the rotor lamination has a preset minimum air gap, and the air gap at the first minimum air gap point is equal to the preset minimum air gap.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first arc segment has a first maximum air gap point, and the air gap ratio between the first maximum air gap point and the first minimum air gap point ranges from 1.5 to 2.

[0014] In some embodiments, at least one of the first arcuate segment and the second arcuate segment is provided with at least one groove.

[0015] In some embodiments, the grooves on the first arc segment and the grooves on the second arc segment between two adjacent winding slots are symmetrical about the symmetrical surface between the two winding slots.

[0016] The motor of this utility model embodiment includes an excitation winding and a rotor lamination, wherein the excitation winding is installed in the winding slot of the rotor lamination.

[0017] The vehicle in this embodiment of the utility model includes the aforementioned motor. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein only the inner circle of the stator is shown;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor lamination structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the eccentric circle on the rotor lamination where the first and second arc sections between the two winding slots on the upper side of the rotor lamination are located;

[0021] Figure 4 Yes Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of the image;

[0022] Figure 5 These are the no-load back EMF waveforms of the motor before and after optimization;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the percentage of back EMF harmonics in the motor before and after optimization.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a graph showing the relationship between the motor torque and electrical angle before and after optimization;

[0025] Figure 8 These are torque ripple amplitude diagrams of the motor before and after optimization;

[0026] Figure 9 These are electromagnetic force amplitude diagrams of the motor before and after optimization;

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] 1000, Electric motor;

[0029] 100. Rotor laminations;

[0030] 1. Winding slots;

[0031] 2. First arc segment; 21. First minimum air gap point; 22. First maximum air gap point;

[0032] 3. Second arc segment; 31. Second minimum air gap point; 32. Second maximum air gap point;

[0033] 4. Preset minimum air gap point;

[0034] 5. Groove;

[0035] 200. Excitation winding;

[0036] 300. Stator;

[0037] R1 is the radius of the eccentric circle, and R2 is the radius of the rotor lamination before eccentricity. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0039] The following is a reference to the appendix. Figures 1 to 9 The rotor lamination 100, the motor 1000, and the vehicle of this utility model embodiment are described in detail.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the motor 1000 of this utility model embodiment includes an excitation winding 200 and a rotor lamination 100.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, the rotor lamination 100 of this embodiment of the present invention has a plurality of winding slots 1 on its outer peripheral surface, and the excitation winding 200 is installed in the winding slots 1. The rotor lamination 100 has a first arc surface segment 2 and a second arc surface segment 3 arranged circumferentially on its outer peripheral surface between at least two adjacent winding slots 1. The first arc surface segment 2 is connected to one of the two adjacent winding slots 1, and the second arc surface segment 3 is connected to the other of the two adjacent winding slots 1. At least one of the first arc surface segment 2 and the second arc surface segment 3 is eccentrically arranged relative to the center of the rotor lamination 100.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the motor 1000 of this embodiment of the present invention also includes a stator 300, and a rotor lamination 100 is located inside the stator 300, with the rotor lamination 100 and the stator 300 coaxially arranged. Wherein... Figure 1 In the middle section, the stator 300 was not fully displayed; only the inner circle was shown.

[0043] It should be noted that the physical gap between the stator and the rotor laminations 100 is the air gap.

[0044] At least one of the first arc segment 2 and the second arc segment 3 on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor lamination 100 in this embodiment of the invention is eccentrically arranged, such that the gap between at least one of the first arc segment 2 and the non-eccentric area on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor lamination 100 and the inner circle of the stator 300 is different. Furthermore, the gap between the first arc segment 2 and / or the second arc segment 3 and the inner circle of the stator 300 is different at different positions in the circumferential direction. Thus, when the motor 1000 is running, the first arc segment 2 and / or the second arc segment 3 form an uneven air gap, making the air gap uneven at various points under the pole arc. This uneven air gap reduces the 3rd, 5th, and 7th order harmonics in the rotor magnetic field, thereby significantly reducing torque pulsation and electromagnetic force levels, which helps to optimize the NVH level of the motor 1000.

[0045] Specifically, there are multiple winding slots 1, and each pair of adjacent winding slots 1 has a first arc segment 2 and a second arc segment 3. In other words, a winding slot 1 is connected to the first arc segment 2 and the second arc segment 3 on both sides of its circumference.

[0046] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the winding slot 1 has a plane of symmetry, and the first arc segment 2 and the second arc segment 3 located on both sides of the winding slot 1 are symmetrical about the plane of symmetry of the winding slot 1. That is, the first arc segment 2 and the second arc segment 3 located on both sides of the winding slot 1 are mirror-symmetrical about the plane of symmetry of the winding slot 1. Figure 2The diagram shows the end face of the rotor lamination 100. The center line of symmetry of the winding slot 1 is located on the radial line of the rotor lamination 100, and the plane passing through the rotor shaft containing this center line of symmetry is the plane of symmetry of the winding slot 1. Therefore, the first arc segment 2 and the second arc segment 3 are symmetrically arranged and eccentrically relative to the center of the rotor lamination 100. This facilitates the machining of the first arc segment 2 and the second arc segment 3 on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor lamination 100, and also simplifies the design of the rotor lamination 100 by reducing the magnitude of parameters when optimizing NVH performance parameters.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first arc segment 2 and the second arc segment 3 located between two adjacent winding slots 1 are situated on the same eccentric circle. Therefore, the first arc segment 2 and the second arc segment 3 between two adjacent winding slots 1 also have a symmetrical relationship, with the plane of symmetry located on the plane of symmetry of the two adjacent winding slots 1, ensuring that the back EMF waveform remains sinusoidal overall. This also facilitates reducing the design and manufacturing difficulty of the first arc segment 2 and the second arc segment 3 when designing and manufacturing the rotor lamination 100.

[0048] In some embodiments, the first arc segment 2 has a first minimum air gap point 21, and the second arc segment 3 has a second minimum air gap point 31, which coincides with the first minimum air gap point 21. Then, the first arc segment 2 and the second arc segment 3 located between two adjacent winding slots 1 are connected, and the connection point is the coincidence of the first minimum air gap point 21 and the second minimum air gap point 31, further reducing the design and manufacturing difficulty of the first arc segment 2 and the second arc segment 3.

[0049] In some embodiments, the rotor lamination 100 has a preset minimum air gap, and the air gap at the first minimum air gap point 21 is equal to the preset minimum air gap. The preset minimum air gap is a uniform air gap in the related art when the stator and rotor outer diameters are designed concentrically; in other words, the preset minimum air gap is the air gap corresponding to the non-eccentric region on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor lamination 100. Since the air gap at the first minimum air gap point 21 is equal to the preset minimum air gap, that is, the air gap at the second minimum air gap point 31 is equal to the preset minimum air gap, then, see... Figure 3 and Figure 4 On the outer circumferential surface between two adjacent winding slots 1, the area corresponding to the preset minimum air gap is the preset minimum air gap point 4. The preset minimum air gap point 4, the first minimum air gap point 21, and the second minimum air gap point 31 coincide. Therefore, the minimum air gap after eccentricity (eccentricity of the first arc segment 2 and the second arc segment 3) is equal to the air gap before eccentricity, thereby avoiding the gap between the first arc segment 2 and the second arc segment 3 and the inner circle of the stator 300 after eccentricity changes too much, and avoiding the air gap change too much to reduce the performance of the motor 1000.

[0050] Furthermore, the fact that the preset minimum air gap point 4 coincides with the first minimum air gap point 21 also indicates that the circle containing the circumferential surface of the rotor lamination 100 before eccentricity is internally tangent to the eccentric circle containing the first arc segment 2 (second arc segment 3) after eccentricity. This also facilitates the design and processing of the first arc segment 2 and the second arc segment 3. (See reference...) Figure 3 and Figure 4 The diagram shows the eccentric circle containing the first arc segment 2 and the second arc segment 3 between two adjacent winding slots 1 on the upper side, and the circle before the rotor lamination 100 is eccentric. In the diagram, R1 refers to the radius of the eccentric circle, and R2 is the radius before the rotor lamination is eccentric.

[0051] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first arc segment 2 has a first maximum air gap point 22, and the air gap ratio between the first maximum air gap point 22 and the first minimum air gap point 21 ranges from 1.5 to 2. In other words, the ratio of the gap between the first maximum air gap point 22 and the inner circle of the stator 300 and the gap between the first minimum air gap point and the inner circle of the stator 300 ranges from 1.5 to 2. Therefore, while ensuring the improvement of harmonics in the rotor magnetic field and the reduction of harmonic content in the back EMF, it avoids excessive changes in the gap between the first arc segment 2 and the second arc segment 3 and the inner circle of the stator 300, which could negatively impact the performance of the motor 1000.

[0052] Correspondingly, the second arc segment 3 has a second maximum air gap point 32, and the air gap between the second maximum air gap point 32 and the second minimum air gap point 31 is equal to the air gap ratio between the first maximum air gap point 22 and the first minimum air gap point 21.

[0053] It should be noted that the air gap point is... Figures 1 to 4 The image is named according to the perspective shown, because the figure shows the end face or cross-section of the rotor lamination 100. Since the rotor lamination 100 has a certain size in its axial direction, from the outer peripheral surface of the rotor lamination 100, the first minimum air gap point 21 (the second minimum air gap point 31 and the preset minimum air gap point 4) or the first maximum air gap point 22 and the second maximum air gap point 32 are not individual points, but lines extending along the axial direction of the rotor lamination 100.

[0054] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, at least one of the first arc segment 2 and the second arc segment 3 is provided with at least one groove 5. The groove 5 increases the air gap at that location, changes the air gap permeability at that location, thereby modulating the overall air gap permeability, further reducing the torque pulsation and electromagnetic force generated by the interaction of the stator and rotor magnetic fields, and further improving the NVH performance of the motor 1000.

[0055] In some embodiments, the groove 5 on the first arc segment 2 and the groove 5 on the second arc segment 3 between two adjacent winding slots 1 are symmetrical about the symmetrical surface between the two winding slots 1. Therefore, when considering the optimization parameters of the groove 5 for NVH performance, the magnitude of the parameters is reduced, simplifying the design difficulty of the rotor lamination 100.

[0056] Specifically, the groove 5 is axially symmetrical. For example, the groove 5 is semi-circular, arc-shaped, or triangular. The number of grooves on the first arc segment 2 (second arc segment 3) is not limited to one; it can also be two or three. The shape of each groove can be the same or different.

[0057] The rotor lamination 100 of this utility model embodiment is used to optimize the motor. The no-load back EMF, torque, and electromagnetic force of the motor before and after optimization are compared to obtain the following results: Figures 5 to 9 The data. For example... Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the harmonic content in the optimized back EMF waveform is significantly reduced. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the amplitudes of torque ripple at each order in the optimized torque are significantly reduced. Figure 9 As shown, the key indicator, the order electromagnetic force, decreased significantly after optimization.

[0058] Therefore, the motor 1000 of this utility model embodiment reduces harmonics in the rotor magnetic field, lowers the harmonic content in the back EMF, reduces torque pulsation and electromagnetic force level, and optimizes NVH performance.

[0059] The vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below.

[0060] The vehicle in this embodiment of the utility model includes a motor 1000.

[0061] Therefore, the electric drive performance of the vehicle in this embodiment of the utility model is better.

[0062] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0063] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0064] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0065] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0066] In this utility model, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of this utility model. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0067] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotor lamination (100), characterized by The rotor lamination (100) has a plurality of winding slots (1) on its outer peripheral surface. The winding slots (1) are used to install the excitation winding (200). The rotor lamination (100) has a first arc surface segment (2) and a second arc surface segment (3) arranged circumferentially on its outer peripheral surface between at least two adjacent winding slots (1). The first arc surface segment (2) is connected to one of the two adjacent winding slots (1), and the second arc surface segment (3) is connected to the other of the two adjacent winding slots (1). At least one of the first arc surface segment (2) and the second arc surface segment (3) is eccentrically arranged relative to the center of the rotor lamination (100).

2. The rotor lamination (100) of claim 1, characterized in that The winding slot (1) has a symmetrical plane, and the first arc segment (2) and the second arc segment (3) located on both sides of the winding slot (1) are symmetrical about the symmetrical plane of the winding slot (1).

3. The rotor lamination (100) of claim 1, wherein The first arc segment (2) and the second arc segment (3) located between two adjacent winding slots (1) are located on the same eccentric circle.

4. The rotor lamination (100) of claim 3, characterized in that The first arc segment (2) has a first minimum air gap point (21), and the second arc segment (3) has a second minimum air gap point (31), which coincides with the first minimum air gap point (21).

5. The rotor lamination (100) of claim 4, characterized in that The rotor lamination (100) has a preset minimum air gap, and the air gap at the first minimum air gap point (21) is equal to the preset minimum air gap.

6. The rotor lamination (100) of claim 4, wherein, The first arc segment (2) has a first maximum air gap point (22), and the air gap ratio between the first maximum air gap point (22) and the first minimum air gap point (21) is in the range of 1.5-2.

7. The rotor lamination (100) of claim 1, wherein At least one of the first arc segment (2) and the second arc segment (3) is provided with at least one groove (5).

8. The rotor lamination (100) of claim 7, characterized by The groove (5) on the first arc segment (2) and the groove (5) on the second arc segment (3) between two adjacent winding slots (1) are symmetrical about the symmetrical surface between the two winding slots (1).

9. An electric machine (1000), characterized in that It includes an excitation winding (200) and a rotor lamination (100) as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the excitation winding (200) is installed in the winding slot (1) of the rotor lamination (100).

10. A vehicle characterized by comprising: Includes the motor (1000) as described in claim 9.

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