Control system

Abstract

This application discloses a control system, comprising: a control unit, with a first terminal connected to a target load and a second terminal connected to a voltage control circuit, wherein the control unit compares the detected output voltage of the target load with a preset voltage threshold to send a control command to the voltage control circuit; a voltage control circuit, with a first terminal connected to the second terminal of the control unit and a second terminal connected to a voltage regulator unit, wherein the voltage control circuit receives the control command to generate a target voltage and outputs the target voltage to the voltage regulator unit; a voltage regulator unit, with a first terminal connected to the second terminal of the voltage control circuit and a second terminal connected to a voltage regulator circuit, wherein the voltage regulator unit receives the target voltage to output a control current to the voltage regulator circuit; and a voltage regulator circuit, receiving the control current to adjust the input voltage of the target load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of control technology, and more particularly to a control system. Background Technology

[0002] In some electronic devices, the voltage required by the internal hardware differs from the traditional power supply output voltage. Therefore, boost and buck controllers are needed to regulate the voltage output to meet the circuit's requirements. Examples include voltage regulator modules in smart devices such as televisions, stereos, mobile phones, and smart lighting. Similarly, communication equipment, which requires operation in harsh environments, places high demands on its power supply. Buck-boost control circuits in the power management of communication equipment can make the power supply more stable.

[0003] Currently, as industry energy efficiency standards become increasingly stringent, higher efficiency requirements are being placed on the control devices of these devices. The industry's current approach to improving control device efficiency primarily involves introducing third-generation semiconductor gallium nitride (GaN) materials and technologies to reduce conduction losses and enhance control efficiency. However, the cost of this material is significantly affected by manufacturing processes and large-scale production, thus limiting its application.

[0004] How to reduce the wear and tear of control devices and improve control efficiency in a simple and effective way is a technical problem that needs to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a control system to solve the problem of low efficiency of the control device of the above-mentioned equipment.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this specification is implemented as follows: In a first aspect, a control system is provided, including a control device, a voltage stabilizing unit, a voltage control circuit, and a voltage regulating circuit. The first end of the control device is connected to the target load, and the second end of the control device is connected to the voltage control circuit. The control device compares the detected output voltage of the target load with a preset voltage threshold to send a control command to the voltage control circuit. The first terminal of the voltage control circuit is connected to the second terminal of the control device, and the second terminal of the voltage control circuit is connected to the voltage regulator unit. The voltage control circuit receives the control command to form a target voltage and outputs the target voltage to the voltage regulator unit. The first terminal of the voltage regulator unit is connected to the second terminal of the voltage control circuit, and the second terminal of the voltage regulator unit is connected to the voltage regulation circuit. The voltage regulator unit receives the target voltage to output control current to the voltage regulation circuit. The voltage regulating circuit receives the control current to adjust the input voltage of the target load.

[0007] In this embodiment, the control system includes a control device, a voltage regulator unit, a voltage control circuit, and a voltage adjustment circuit. A first terminal of the control device is connected to a target load, and a second terminal of the control device is connected to the voltage control circuit. The control device compares the detected output voltage of the target load with a preset voltage threshold to send a control command to the voltage control circuit. A first terminal of the voltage control circuit is connected to the second terminal of the control device, and a second terminal of the voltage control circuit is connected to the voltage regulator unit. The voltage control circuit receives the control command to generate a target voltage and outputs the target voltage to the voltage regulator unit. The first terminal of the voltage regulator unit is connected to the second terminal of the voltage control circuit, and the second terminal of the voltage regulator unit is connected to the voltage regulation circuit. The voltage regulator unit receives the target voltage and outputs a control current to the voltage regulation circuit. The voltage regulation circuit receives the control current to adjust the input voltage of the target load. Thus, the voltage value can be detected by the control device, and the external input voltage of the target load can be adjusted by combining the internal algorithm with the simple voltage control circuit. This adjusts the voltage at the input terminal of the control device to tend towards the preset voltage threshold, achieving low-cost and high-precision effective voltage control, significantly reducing the voltage drop loss generated by the control device, and improving the control efficiency of the control device. Attached Figure Description

[0008] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the control system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0009] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of a specific example of the control system of this application embodiment.

[0010] Figure 3 This is one of the application schematic diagrams of the constant voltage to linear power supply of the control system in the embodiments of this application.

[0011] Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the application of the constant voltage to linear power supply in the control system of this application embodiment.

[0012] Figure 5 This is one of the application diagrams of the constant voltage to Buck power supply of the control system in the embodiments of this application.

[0013] Figure 6 This is the second schematic diagram of the application of the constant voltage to Buck power supply of the control system in this application embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. The drawing numbers in this application are only used to distinguish the various steps in the solution and are not used to limit the execution order of the various steps. The specific execution order is subject to the description in the specification.

[0015] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this application provides a control system including a control device, a voltage stabilizing unit, a voltage control circuit, and a voltage regulating circuit. A first terminal of the control device is connected to a target load, and a second terminal of the control device is connected to the voltage control circuit. The control device compares the detected output voltage of the target load with a preset voltage threshold to send a control command to the voltage control circuit. A first terminal of the voltage control circuit is connected to the second terminal of the control device, and the second terminal of the voltage control circuit is connected to the voltage stabilizing unit. The voltage control circuit receives the control command to generate a target voltage and outputs the target voltage to the voltage stabilizing unit. A first terminal of the voltage stabilizing unit is connected to the second terminal of the voltage control circuit, and the second terminal of the voltage stabilizing unit is connected to the voltage regulating circuit. The voltage stabilizing unit receives the target voltage to output a control current to the voltage regulating circuit. The voltage regulating circuit receives the control current to adjust the input voltage of the target load.

[0016] Combination Figure 1 The control device 120 is used to control the voltage of a target load 110, such as a smart electronic device or a communication device, to provide the required voltage. The control system 100 is used to adjust the input voltage of the target load 110 to reduce the control loss of the control device 120 and improve the control efficiency.

[0017] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The control system 100 includes a control device 120, a voltage regulator unit 1240, a voltage control circuit 150, and a voltage regulation circuit 160. The first terminal of the control device 120 is connected to the target load 110, and the first terminal of the control device 120 corresponds to the detection port FB4, which is used to detect the output voltage of the target load 110 at the detection port FB4 of the corresponding first terminal after the target load 110 is started.

[0018] Combination Figure 2For example, when the input voltage Vbus is greater than the start-up voltage of the target load 110, the target load 110 starts up. Correspondingly, the voltage detection function of the detection port FB4 of the control device 120 is enabled. After the target load 110 starts up, the control device 120 will detect the actual voltage value of the detection port FB4 at this time, which corresponds to the output voltage of the target load 110.

[0019] Optionally, the control device includes a detection port, a processing module, and a control port. The detection port is used to detect the analog signal of the output voltage, convert it into a digital signal, and then feed the digital signal back to the processing module. The processing module is used to feed back the difference between the output voltage and the preset voltage threshold to the control port when the output voltage is not equal to the preset voltage threshold based on the digital signal comparison. The control port is used to configure the control command according to the difference and send it to the voltage control circuit. The control command is a high-level digital signal and is used to control the voltage control circuit to form the target voltage.

[0020] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The second terminal of the control device 120 corresponds to the control port FB of the control device 120 and is connected to the voltage control circuit 150. The control device 120 may include a processing module, such as a microprocessor unit (MCU). After the detection port FB4 of the control device 120 detects the output voltage, it converts the detected analog value into a digital signal for processing by the processing module. The processing module compares the output voltage to a preset voltage threshold. The processing module internally sets a preset voltage threshold. The purpose of the preset voltage threshold is to ensure that the control device 120 enters its optimal operating state, which is also the voltage with the lowest control loss and the best control efficiency.

[0021] Optionally, the control device 120 includes a linear controller, a Buck controller, or a boost / buck controller.

[0022] Taking the control device 120 as a Buck controller as an example, the closer the voltage at the input terminal of the Buck controller (i.e., the output voltage of the detection port FB4) is to the voltage at the output terminal, the higher the operating characteristics of the Buck controller and the better it can enter the optimal working state. Conversely, the greater the difference between the voltage at the input terminal and the voltage at the output terminal of the Buck controller, the lower the operating characteristics of the Buck controller and the lower its working efficiency.

[0023] In the above embodiments, the preset voltage threshold can be set such that its difference from the voltage at the output terminal of the Buck controller is within a certain range. Thus, when the output voltage of the detection port FB4 is adjusted to approach the preset voltage threshold, the output voltage of the detection port FB4 is closer to the voltage at the output terminal of the Buck controller, thereby controlling the Buck controller to operate under optimal conditions, minimizing losses and maximizing control efficiency.

[0024] The preset voltage threshold of the control device 120 is determined by the type of the control device 120 or by the chip parameters of the same type of control device. Different types or different chips may correspond to different preset voltage thresholds.

[0025] Here, the adjustment of the input voltage Vbus includes both upward and downward adjustment. When the output voltage exceeds a preset voltage threshold, the input voltage Vbus of the target load is adjusted downward; when the output voltage does not exceed the preset voltage threshold, the input voltage Vbus of the target load is adjusted upward.

[0026] Although the output voltage of the detection port FB4 meets the conditions for starting the target load 110, if it is too small compared to the preset voltage threshold, it will cause a large amount of power loss in the control device 120. In this case, when the output voltage is not equal to the preset voltage threshold, the control device 120 sends a control command to the voltage control circuit 150 through the control port FB to reduce losses. The control command is a high-level digital signal used to control the voltage control circuit 150 to generate current. The control port FB can be configured to output a digital signal; in this embodiment, it is configured to output a high-level signal.

[0027] The other end of the voltage control circuit 150 is connected to the voltage regulator unit 1240. After generating a target voltage based on the control command, the voltage control circuit 150 outputs the voltage to the voltage regulator unit 1240. The other end of the voltage regulator unit is connected to the voltage regulator circuit 160, which outputs a control current to the voltage regulator circuit 160 based on the target voltage, thereby adjusting the output voltage of the detection port FB4 of the control device 120.

[0028] The voltage regulating circuit 160 adjusts the input voltage Vbus supplied to the target load 110 upward based on the control current, thereby adjusting the output voltage of the detection port FB4 of the control device 120 to tend towards a preset voltage threshold.

[0029] In one embodiment, the voltage control circuit includes multiple parallel sub-voltage control circuits. Each sub-voltage control circuit includes a MOSFET and a seventh resistor. The MOSFETs corresponding to different sub-voltage control circuits have different on-state voltages, and the seventh resistors corresponding to different sub-voltage control circuits have different resistance values. The first terminal of the MOSFET is connected to the control port, the second terminal of the MOSFET is connected to the seventh resistor, and the third terminal of the MOSFET is grounded. The MOSFET is turned on when the control command is high. The seventh resistor is disposed between the second terminal of the MOSFET and the reference terminal of the voltage regulator unit to provide the target voltage to the reference terminal of the voltage regulator unit when the MOSFET is turned on. The cathode of the voltage regulator unit is connected to the first terminal of the voltage regulation circuit, and the anode of the voltage regulator unit is grounded. The voltage regulator unit receives the target voltage and turns on, and outputs the control current to the voltage regulation circuit through the cathode.

[0030] The voltage control circuit 150 includes multiple sub-voltage control circuits. Each sub-voltage control circuit includes a series-connected MOSFET and a seventh resistor. The sub-voltage control circuits are connected in parallel. That is, the first terminal of each sub-voltage control circuit is connected to the second terminal of the control device, and the second terminal of each sub-voltage control circuit is connected to the voltage regulator unit 1240.

[0031] Figure 2 Only one sub-voltage control circuit is shown. Different sub-voltage control circuits have different turn-on voltages of the MOSFETs and different resistance values ​​of the corresponding seventh resistors.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, one of the sub-voltage control circuits of the voltage control circuit 150 includes a MOSFET Q1 and a seventh resistor R60. One end of the MOSFET Q1 is connected to the control port FB, the other end of the MOSFET Q1 is connected to the seventh resistor R60, and the third end of the MOSFET Q1 is grounded.

[0033] The control port FB outputs a high-level digital signal. The processing module controls whether the control port FB outputs a high level by comparing the output voltage of the detection port FB4 with the preset voltage threshold. The high level is used to turn on the MOSFET Q1.

[0034] When the output voltage of the comparison detection port FB4 is not equal to the preset voltage threshold, the control device 120 outputs a high level, thereby turning on the MOSFET Q1. The MOSFET Q1, together with the external resistance of the seventh resistor R60, forms the target voltage and provides it to the voltage regulation unit 1240.

[0035] Node FB1 turns on MOSFET Q1 by outputting a high-level digital signal from the control port FB, and generates the target voltage in conjunction with the seventh resistor R60 connected in series with MOSFET Q1.

[0036] The seventh resistor of one of the sub-voltage control circuits can be set as an intermediate-state resistor, and the target voltage generated by the corresponding resistance value of the intermediate-state resistor is the intermediate-state voltage. When the voltage regulator unit 1240 is connected to the intermediate-state voltage, the voltage regulation circuit 160 does not adjust the input voltage Vbus. The seventh resistors of other sub-voltage control circuits can be set to have a resistance value greater than or less than the intermediate-state resistor. The target voltage generated by the seventh resistor with a resistance value less than the intermediate-state resistor is the first voltage. The smaller the resistance value of the non-intermediate-state seventh resistor, the smaller the corresponding target voltage, i.e., the first voltage, which is less than the intermediate-state voltage. The target voltage generated by the seventh resistor with a resistance value greater than the intermediate-state resistor is the second voltage. The larger the resistance value of the non-intermediate-state seventh resistor, the larger the corresponding target voltage, i.e., the second voltage, which is greater than the intermediate-state voltage. Here, the first voltage can include multiple voltages with different values, and the second voltage can include multiple voltages with different values. The corresponding voltage value is related to the magnitude of the voltage that the input voltage Vbus needs to be adjusted, i.e., it is related to the difference between the input voltage Vbus and the preset voltage threshold.

[0037] When the voltage regulator unit 1240 is connected to the first voltage or the second voltage, the voltage regulation circuit 160 adjusts the input voltage Vbus upward or downward accordingly. The control device 120 outputs different high levels based on the comparison result between the output voltage of the detection port FB4 and the preset voltage threshold, so as to turn on the corresponding MOSFET, thereby forming the corresponding target voltage in combination with the seventh resistor connected in series with the turned MOSFET.

[0038] Specifically, if the output voltage of the control device 120 exceeds a preset voltage threshold, it sends a control command to the voltage control circuit 150 to turn on the corresponding series-connected MOSFET and the seventh resistor, so that the voltage control circuit 150 generates a target voltage that is higher than the intermediate state voltage. If the output voltage of the control device 120 does not exceed the preset voltage threshold, it sends a control command to the voltage control circuit 150 to turn on the corresponding series-connected MOSFET and the seventh resistor, so that the voltage control circuit 150 generates a target voltage that is lower than the intermediate state voltage.

[0039] In one embodiment, combined Figure 2 The voltage control circuit further includes an eighth resistor R61, which is disposed between the first terminal of the MOSFET Q1 and the control port FB. The function of the eighth resistor R61 is to limit current. By limiting the current through the resistor, the circuit components of the MOSFET Q1 can be protected from the impact of large currents.

[0040] Combination Figure 2The voltage regulator unit 1240 includes a reference terminal 1, a cathode terminal 2, and an anode terminal 3'. The reference terminal 1 of the voltage regulator unit 1240 is connected to the seventh resistor R60 at node FB1. The cathode terminal 2 of the voltage regulator unit 1240 is connected to the voltage regulating circuit 160, and the anode terminal 3' of the voltage regulator unit 1240 is grounded. The target voltage is determined by the voltage division corresponding to the resistance value of the seventh resistor R60. As the resistance value of the seventh resistor R60 changes, the target voltage at node FB1 is adjusted.

[0041] The lower the target voltage of node FB1, the smaller the current generated by node FB1. Correspondingly, the smaller the current output to the reference terminal 1 of the voltage regulator unit 1240. The smaller the conduction depth of the voltage regulator unit 1240 based on the current provided by the reference terminal 1, the smaller the control current output to the voltage regulation circuit 160 through the cathode terminal 2.

[0042] Conversely, the higher the target voltage of node FB1, the greater the current generated by node FB1. Correspondingly, the greater the current output to the reference terminal 1 of the voltage regulator unit 1240. The greater the conduction depth of the voltage regulator unit 1240 based on the current provided by the reference terminal 1, the greater the control current output to the voltage regulation circuit 160 through the cathode terminal 2.

[0043] In one embodiment, the voltage regulator unit 1240 is a controllable precision voltage regulator, including TL431 and TL432 types. The reference terminal 1 of the voltage regulator unit 1240 can provide a relatively stable reference voltage, ensuring the stability of the entire control system 100.

[0044] After the control command, corresponding to a high-level digital signal, is fed back from the control port FB of the control device 120, the MOSFET Q1 in the corresponding group is turned on. The seventh resistor R60 connected in series with MOSFET Q1 generates a target voltage at node FB1 and outputs it to the reference terminal 1 of the voltage regulator unit 1240 through node FB1, thus turning on the voltage regulator unit 1240. The cathode terminal 2 of the voltage regulator unit 1240 forms a connection loop with the voltage regulation circuit 160 and outputs a control current to the voltage regulation circuit 160. The conduction state of the voltage regulator unit 1240 is related to the magnitude of the current value corresponding to the target voltage generated by the seventh resistor R60. The voltage regulator unit 1240 is fully turned on when it reaches the maximum current value and partially turned on when it is less than the maximum current value. The greater the conduction depth of the voltage regulator unit 1240, the greater the control current output to the voltage regulation circuit 160 through the cathode terminal 2. By adjusting the current generated by the constant current source 1220, the conduction depth of the voltage regulator unit 1240 can be adjusted accordingly, thereby adjusting the control current output by the two-way voltage regulation circuit 160 at the cathode of the voltage regulator unit 1240.

[0045] In one embodiment, the voltage regulating circuit includes a current adjustment unit, a voltage adjustment unit, and a voltage control unit. A first terminal of the current adjustment unit is connected to the input voltage, a second terminal of the current adjustment unit is connected to the voltage adjustment unit, and a third terminal of the current adjustment unit is connected to the reference terminal of the voltage regulator unit. The current adjustment unit adjusts the target voltage output to the reference terminal of the voltage regulator unit. A first terminal of the voltage adjustment unit is connected to the cathode of the voltage regulator unit, and a second terminal of the voltage adjustment unit is connected to the voltage control unit. The voltage adjustment unit receives the control current output from the cathode of the voltage regulator unit to output a feedback voltage to the voltage control unit. The voltage control unit receives the feedback voltage to adjust the input voltage of the target load.

[0046] Combination Figure 2 The voltage regulation circuit 160 includes a current adjustment unit 1620, a voltage adjustment unit, and a voltage control unit 1660. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the first terminal of the current adjustment unit 1620 is connected to the input voltage Vbus, and the second terminal of the current adjustment unit 1620 is connected to the voltage adjustment unit. The third terminal of the current adjustment unit 1620 is connected to the seventh resistor R60 and the reference terminal 1 of the voltage regulator unit through node FB1. The current adjustment unit 1620 is used to generate current in conjunction with the seventh resistor R60 to adjust the conduction depth of the voltage regulator unit 1240, thereby adjusting the control current output from the cathode 2 of the voltage regulator unit 1240 to the voltage adjustment unit.

[0047] The first terminal of the voltage adjustment unit is connected to the cathode terminal 2 of the voltage regulator unit 1240, and the second terminal of the voltage adjustment unit is connected to the voltage control unit 1660. Based on the control current output from the cathode terminal 2 of the voltage regulator unit 1240, the voltage adjustment unit adjusts the feedback voltage output to the voltage control unit 1660. Based on the feedback voltage, the voltage control unit 1660 adjusts the input voltage Vbus provided to the target load 110.

[0048] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown in the example, the current adjustment unit 1620 includes a first resistor R53, a second resistor R54, a third resistor R56, and a fourth resistor R62. The first terminal of the first resistor R53 is connected to the input voltage Vbus, and the second terminal of the first resistor R53 is connected to the first terminal of the second resistor R54. The second terminal of the second resistor R54 is connected to the first terminal of the third resistor R56, the first terminal of the fourth resistor R62, and the reference terminal 1 of the voltage regulator unit. The second terminals of the third resistor R56 and the fourth resistor R62 are grounded.

[0049] Combination Figure 2It can be seen that the third resistor R56 and the fourth resistor R62 are connected in parallel, and the first resistor R53 and the second resistor R54 are connected in series, and then connected in parallel with the third resistor R56 and the fourth resistor R62. Furthermore, these resistors R53, R54, R56, and R62 are used to control the feedback regulation so that the input voltage Vbus is the set voltage value in the initial state. The initial state refers to the unadjusted input voltage. The formula for calculating the initial input voltage Vbus is Vbus=TLref / ((R62 / / R56)) / ((R62 / / R56)+R53+R54)), where TLref represents the reference voltage of the voltage regulator unit 1240.

[0050] When the control port FB outputs a high level and turns on the corresponding MOSFET Q1, the seventh resistor R60, which is connected in series with MOSFET Q1, is connected in parallel to the parallel resistors R56 and R62 to form a corresponding current. The parallel connection of the seventh resistor R60 allows adjustment of the target voltage at node FB1, i.e., adjusting the voltage at the reference terminal 1 of the voltage regulator unit 1240. Thus, the current adjustment unit 1620 can adjust the target voltage output by the voltage control circuit 150 to the reference terminal 1 of the voltage regulator unit 1240. The target voltage is provided to the reference terminal 1 of the voltage regulator unit 1240 to turn on the voltage regulator unit 1240, thereby causing the cathode terminal 2 of the voltage regulator unit 1240 to output control current to the voltage regulation circuit.

[0051] In one embodiment, the current adjustment unit further includes a compensation circuit disposed between the first terminal of the voltage adjustment unit and the reference terminal of the voltage regulator unit. The compensation circuit includes a fifth resistor, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor. The first terminal of the fifth resistor is connected to the first terminal of the voltage adjustment unit and the cathode terminal of the voltage regulator unit, respectively. The second terminal of the fifth resistor is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor. The second terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the reference terminal 1 of the voltage regulator unit. The first terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the fifth resistor, and the second terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor.

[0052] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown in the example, the compensation circuit of the current adjustment unit 1620 includes a fifth resistor R57, a first capacitor C30 and a second capacitor C31, which are disposed between the first terminal of the voltage adjustment unit and the reference terminal 1 of the voltage regulation unit 1240.

[0053] One end of the fifth resistor R57 is connected to the cathode terminal 2 of the voltage regulator unit 1240, and the other end of the fifth resistor R57 is connected in series with the first capacitor C30. The other end of the first capacitor C30 is connected to the seventh resistor R60 at node FB1. The first end of the second capacitor C31 is connected to the first end of the fifth resistor R57, and the second end of the second capacitor C31 is connected to the second end of the first capacitor C30. Thus, the second capacitor C31 is connected in parallel with the series-connected fifth resistor R57 and the first capacitor C30.

[0054] Therefore, the fifth resistor R57, the first capacitor C30, and the second capacitor C31 form a compensation circuit, which is mainly used to compensate for voltage fluctuations, stabilize voltage output, and improve the dynamic response performance of the power supply system.

[0055] In one embodiment, the voltage adjustment unit includes an optocoupler, which includes a light-emitting diode (LED) and a phototransistor. The first terminal of the LED is connected to the input voltage, and the second terminal of the LED is connected to the cathode of the voltage regulator unit. The first terminal of the phototransistor is connected to the voltage control unit, and the second terminal of the phototransistor is grounded. The current adjustment unit further includes a sixth resistor disposed between the first and second terminals of the LED.

[0056] Combination Figure 2 The voltage adjustment unit includes an optocoupler U1. The optocoupler U1 includes a light-emitting diode (LED) and a phototransistor. The LED has a first terminal 11 and a second terminal 22. The first terminal 11 of the LED is connected to the input voltage Vbus, and the second terminal 22 of the LED is connected to the cathode 2 of the voltage regulator unit 1240. The phototransistor has a first terminal 4 and a second terminal 3. The first terminal 4 of the phototransistor is connected to the voltage control unit 1660, and the second terminal 3 of the phototransistor is grounded to GND.

[0057] The first terminal 11 and the second terminal 22 of the light-emitting diode (LED) control the light intensity by controlling the magnitude of the current flowing through it, thereby controlling the switching characteristics of the phototransistor. The greater the current flowing through the LED, the greater the light intensity. The greater the light intensity, the greater the conduction depth of the phototransistor, bringing it closer to full conduction. Full conduction of the phototransistor is equivalent to a straight short circuit, and the voltage at the first terminal 4 of the phototransistor is close to the ground voltage GND connected to the second terminal 3. Therefore, the greater the conduction depth of the phototransistor, the smaller the feedback voltage provided by the voltage adjustment unit to the voltage control unit 1660.

[0058] Conversely, the smaller the current flowing through the LED, the lower the light intensity. The lower the light intensity, the shallower the conduction depth of the phototransistor, bringing it closer to non-conductivity. A non-conducting phototransistor is equivalent to an open circuit, resulting in a larger voltage drop between terminal 4 and terminal 3. Therefore, the shallower the conduction depth of the phototransistor, the greater the compensation feedback voltage provided by the voltage adjustment unit to the voltage control unit 1660.

[0059] In one embodiment, when the output voltage does not exceed the preset voltage threshold, a first high-level digital signal is output, corresponding to the conduction of the MOS transistor in the sub-voltage control circuit. The seventh resistor, in parallel with the third and fourth resistors, forms a first voltage to reduce the control current output from the reference terminal. The first voltage is less than the preset voltage. When the control current decreases, the current adjustment unit 1620 adjusts the current output to the voltage adjustment unit to decrease. When the current output by the voltage adjustment unit decreases, the voltage adjustment unit adjusts the feedback voltage output to the voltage control unit 1660 to increase. When the feedback voltage increases, the voltage control unit 1660 adjusts the input voltage to increase, thereby pulling the output voltage upwards to approach the preset voltage threshold.

[0060] The preset voltage is the intermediate voltage corresponding to the intermediate resistance. As mentioned above, when the voltage regulator unit 1240 is connected to the intermediate voltage, the voltage regulation circuit 160 does not adjust the input voltage Vbus. When the output voltage does not exceed the preset voltage threshold, the voltage control circuit 150 controls the formation of a first voltage lower than the preset voltage, and the voltage regulation circuit 160 adjusts the input voltage Vbus upward.

[0061] When the voltage adjustment unit increases the compensation feedback voltage provided to the voltage control unit 1660, the voltage control unit 1660 can control the input voltage Vbus to adjust upwards, approaching the preset voltage threshold of the control device 120. Thus, when the voltage at the input terminal of the control device 120 approaches the preset voltage threshold, it is close to the optimal operating voltage of the control device 120, thereby significantly reducing the voltage drop loss generated by the control device and improving its control efficiency. Furthermore, input voltage control through the internal algorithm of the control device 120 has the advantages of low cost and high precision.

[0062] In another embodiment, when the output voltage exceeds the preset voltage threshold, a second high-level digital signal is output, corresponding to the conduction of the MOS transistor in the sub-voltage control circuit. The seventh resistor, in parallel with the third and fourth resistors, forms a second voltage to increase the control current output from the reference terminal. The second voltage is greater than the preset voltage. When the control current increases, the current adjustment unit adjusts the current output to the voltage adjustment unit to increase. When the current output by the voltage adjustment unit increases, the voltage adjustment unit adjusts the feedback voltage output to the voltage control unit to decrease. When the feedback voltage decreases, the voltage control unit adjusts the input voltage to decrease, thereby pulling the output voltage down to approach the preset voltage threshold.

[0063] When the output voltage exceeds the preset voltage threshold, the voltage control circuit 150 controls the formation of a second voltage greater than the preset voltage (i.e., the intermediate voltage), and the voltage regulation circuit 160 adjusts the input voltage Vbus downward.

[0064] When the voltage adjustment unit provides a reduced feedback voltage to the voltage control unit 1660, the voltage control unit 1660 can control the input voltage Vbus to adjust downwards, approaching the preset voltage threshold of the control device 120. Thus, when the voltage at the input of the control device 120 approaches the preset voltage threshold, it is close to the optimal operating voltage of the control device 120, thereby significantly reducing the voltage drop loss generated by the control device and improving its control efficiency. Furthermore, input voltage control through the internal algorithm of the control device 120 has the advantages of low cost and high precision.

[0065] like Figure 2 As shown, optionally, the sixth resistor R58 is disposed between the first terminal 11 and the second terminal 22 of the light-emitting diode. The function of the sixth resistor R58 is to limit current and supplement power. When there is no current in the photodiode, current can be generated by connecting the sixth resistor R58 to the input voltage Vbus, and the current is shunted to the photodiode and simultaneously shunted to the voltage regulator unit 1240.

[0066] In one embodiment, the current adjustment unit 1620 further includes a Zener diode ZD1, the first end of which is connected to the first end 11 of the light-emitting diode, and the second end of which is connected to the input voltage Vbus.

[0067] The function of Zener diode ZD1 is to protect the voltage regulator unit 1240, so that the voltage division does not exceed the voltage of the cathode terminal 2 of the voltage regulator unit 1240, thereby preventing the voltage regulator unit 1240 from being over-voltaged and broken down.

[0068] In one embodiment, the current adjustment unit 1620 further includes a current limiting resistor R59, disposed between the second terminal of the Zener diode ZD1 and the input voltage Vbus.

[0069] The current-limiting resistor R59 is used to provide appropriate current to the Zener diode ZD1 and the optocoupler U1 so that they are in the corresponding operating state.

[0070] The voltage control unit 1660 can determine whether to adjust the current input voltage Vbus upward or downward based on the feedback voltage of the optocoupler U1, and send the adjusted PWM pulse signal by adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM pulse signal to control the current input voltage Vbus.

[0071] Optionally, the voltage control unit includes an AC-DC converter, the control device includes a linear power supply for the DC-DC converter or a Buck power supply for the DC-DC converter, and the voltage control unit and the control device are connected via an isolation transformer; or the voltage control unit and the control device are connected via a non-isolation transformer.

[0072] The voltage control unit 1660 includes an AC-DC converter, and the control device includes a DC-DC converter. The AC-DC converter is used to filter and rectify the AC input to obtain DC power, while the DC-DC converter is used to convert the DC power to a voltage value. Based on the feedback voltage output from the voltage adjustment unit, the voltage control unit 1660 adjusts the output PWM pulse signal, and combines the PWM pulse signal to adjust the input voltage Vbus before supplying it to the target load 110.

[0073] Figure 3 This paper illustrates an application scenario where the linear power supplies of the AC-DC converter and the DC-DC converter are connected in an isolated manner to a constant voltage to linear power supply. The control circuit is the connection circuit of each component involved in the control loop of the control system formed by the linear power supplies of the AC-DC converter and the DC-DC converter in this embodiment of the application.

[0074] Correspondingly, Figure 4 This illustrates an application scenario where the linear power supplies of an AC-DC converter and a DC-DC converter are connected in a non-isolated manner, representing a constant-voltage to linear power supply. Figure 5 This illustrates an application scenario where the Buck power supplies of an AC-DC converter and a DC-DC converter are connected in isolation to form a constant-voltage to linear power supply. Figure 6 This demonstrates an application scenario where the linear power supplies of the AC-DC converter and the DC-DC converter are connected in a non-isolated manner to form a constant voltage to linear power supply.

[0075] The above application can detect the output voltage value and, by changing the input voltage Vbus, control the input and output voltage difference within a reasonable range, thus achieving high-efficiency control.

[0076] In summary, the working principle of the control system 100 in this application embodiment is as follows: After the target load 110 is started, the voltage detection function of the detection port FB4 of the control device 120 is activated, automatically detecting and processing the actual output voltage value of the corresponding detection port FB4. The processing module of the control device 120 has a preset voltage threshold, which is designed to ensure the control device 120 operates under optimal conditions. If the processing module determines that the actual output voltage value of the detection port FB4 is greater than the preset voltage threshold, it sends a high-level control command to the voltage control circuit 150. When the MOSFET Q1 of the voltage control circuit 150 is turned on at a high level, the voltage at node FB1 is pulled high by the seventh resistor R60. This increases the current at the reference terminal 1 of the voltage regulator unit 1240, increasing the conduction depth of the voltage regulator unit 1240. This increases the current at the cathode terminal 2 of the voltage regulator unit 1240, which in turn increases the current flowing through the light-emitting diode in the optocoupler U1. This further increases the conduction depth at the first terminal 4 and the second terminal 3 of the phototransistor in the optocoupler U1, further reducing the feedback voltage output by the optocoupler U1. This, in turn, causes the AC-DC controller of the voltage control unit 1660 to adjust the output voltage Vbus, ultimately reducing the input voltage Vbus until it approaches the preset voltage threshold. Thus, detection and control are performed in a simple and effective way, achieving the requirements of reducing control losses and improving control efficiency in the control device 120.

[0077] Correspondingly, after the target load 110 is started, the voltage detection function of the detection port FB4 of the control device 120 is activated, automatically detecting and processing the actual output voltage value of the corresponding detection port FB4. The processing module of the control device 120 has a preset voltage threshold, which is designed to ensure the control device 120 operates under optimal conditions. If the processing module determines that the actual output voltage value of the detection port FB4 is not greater than the preset voltage threshold, it sends a high-level control command to the voltage control circuit 150. In the voltage control circuit 150, the MOSFET Q1 of the corresponding sub-voltage control circuit is turned on at a high level. Combined with the seventh resistor R60, this pulls down the voltage at node FB1, reducing the current at the reference terminal 1 of the voltage regulator unit 1240. This reduces the conduction depth of the voltage regulator unit 1240, thereby reducing the current at the cathode terminal 2 of the control unit 1240. Consequently, the current flowing through the light-emitting diode in the optocoupler U1 decreases, further reducing the conduction depth at the first terminal 4 and the second terminal 3 of the phototransistor in the optocoupler U1. This further increases the feedback voltage output by the optocoupler U1, which in turn causes the AC-DC controller of the voltage control unit 1660 to adjust the output voltage Vbus. Ultimately, this causes the input voltage Vbus to rise until it approaches a preset voltage threshold. Thus, detection and control are performed in a simple and effective manner, achieving the requirements of reducing control losses and improving control efficiency in the control device 120.

[0078] In this embodiment, the control system includes a control device, a voltage regulator unit, a voltage control circuit, and a voltage adjustment circuit. A first terminal of the control device is connected to a target load, and a second terminal of the control device is connected to the voltage control circuit. The control device compares the detected output voltage of the target load with a preset voltage threshold to send a control command to the voltage control circuit. A first terminal of the voltage control circuit is connected to the second terminal of the control device, and a second terminal of the voltage control circuit is connected to the voltage regulator unit. The voltage control circuit receives the control command to generate a target voltage and outputs the target voltage to the voltage regulator unit. The first terminal of the voltage regulator unit is connected to the second terminal of the voltage control circuit, and the second terminal of the voltage regulator unit is connected to the voltage regulation circuit. The voltage regulator unit receives the target voltage and outputs a control current to the voltage regulation circuit. The voltage regulation circuit receives the control current to adjust the input voltage of the target load. Thus, the voltage value can be detected by the control device, and the external input voltage of the target load can be adjusted by combining the internal algorithm with the simple voltage control circuit. This adjusts the voltage at the input terminal of the control device to tend towards the preset voltage threshold, achieving low-cost and high-precision effective voltage control, significantly reducing the voltage drop loss generated by the control device, and improving the control efficiency of the control device.

[0079] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A control system, characterized by, Includes a control device, a voltage regulator unit, a voltage control circuit, and a voltage adjustment circuit. The first end of the control device is connected to the target load, and the second end of the control device is connected to the voltage control circuit. The control device compares the detected output voltage of the target load with a preset voltage threshold to send a control command to the voltage control circuit. The first terminal of the voltage control circuit is connected to the second terminal of the control device, and the second terminal of the voltage control circuit is connected to the voltage regulator unit. The voltage control circuit receives the control command to form a target voltage and outputs the target voltage to the voltage regulator unit. The first terminal of the voltage regulator unit is connected to the second terminal of the voltage control circuit, and the second terminal of the voltage regulator unit is connected to the voltage regulation circuit. The voltage regulator unit receives the target voltage to output control current to the voltage regulation circuit. The voltage regulating circuit receives the control current to adjust the input voltage of the target load.

2. The control system of claim 1, wherein, The control device includes a detection port, a processing module, and a control port. The detection port is used to detect the analog signal of the output voltage, convert it into a digital signal, and then feed the digital signal back to the processing module. The processing module is used to feed back the difference between the output voltage and the preset voltage threshold to the control port when the output voltage is not equal to the preset voltage threshold based on the digital signal comparison. The control port is used to configure the control command according to the difference and send it to the voltage control circuit. The control command is a high-level digital signal and is used to control the voltage control circuit to form the target voltage.

3. The control system of claim 2, wherein, The voltage control circuit includes multiple parallel sub-voltage control circuits. Each sub-voltage control circuit includes a MOSFET and a seventh resistor. The MOSFETs in different sub-voltage control circuits have different on-state voltages, and the seventh resistors in different sub-voltage control circuits have different resistance values. The first terminal of the MOSFET is connected to the control port, the second terminal of the MOSFET is connected to the seventh resistor, the third terminal of the MOSFET is grounded, and the MOSFET is turned on when the control command is high. The seventh resistor is disposed between the second terminal of the MOSFET and the reference terminal of the voltage regulator unit to provide the target voltage to the reference terminal of the voltage regulator unit when the MOSFET is turned on. The cathode of the voltage regulator unit is connected to the first terminal of the voltage regulating circuit, the anode of the voltage regulator unit is grounded, the voltage regulator unit receives the target voltage and turns on, and outputs the control current to the voltage regulating circuit through the cathode.

4. The control system of claim 3, wherein, The voltage control circuit also includes: The eighth resistor is located between the first end of the MOS transistor and the control port.

5. The control system of claim 4, wherein, The voltage regulation circuit includes a current adjustment unit, a voltage adjustment unit, and a voltage control unit. The first terminal of the current adjustment unit is connected to the input voltage, the second terminal of the current adjustment unit is connected to the voltage adjustment unit, and the third terminal of the current adjustment unit is connected to the reference terminal of the voltage regulator unit. The current adjustment unit adjusts the target voltage output to the reference terminal of the voltage regulator unit. The first terminal of the voltage adjustment unit is connected to the cathode terminal of the voltage regulator unit, and the second terminal of the voltage adjustment unit is connected to the voltage control unit. The voltage adjustment unit receives the control current output from the cathode terminal of the voltage regulator unit to output a feedback voltage to the voltage control unit. The voltage control unit receives the feedback voltage to adjust the input voltage of the target load.

6. The control system of claim 5, wherein, The current adjustment unit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a fourth resistor. The first end of the first resistor is connected to the input voltage, and the second end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the second resistor; The second end of the second resistor is connected to the first end of the third resistor, the first end of the fourth resistor, and the reference end of the voltage regulator unit, respectively. The second terminals of the third resistor and the fourth resistor are respectively grounded.

7. The control system of claim 6, wherein, The voltage adjustment unit includes an optocoupler, which comprises a light-emitting diode and a phototransistor. The first terminal of the light-emitting diode is connected to the input voltage, and the second terminal of the light-emitting diode is connected to the cathode terminal of the voltage regulator unit; The first terminal of the phototransistor is connected to the voltage control unit, and the second terminal of the phototransistor is grounded. The current adjustment unit also includes a sixth resistor, which is disposed between the first and second ends of the light-emitting diode.

8. The control system of claim 7, wherein, The current adjustment unit further includes: A Zener diode, wherein its first terminal is connected to the first terminal of the light-emitting diode, and its second terminal is connected to the input voltage; and / or A current-limiting resistor is placed between the second terminal of the Zener diode and the input voltage.

9. The control system of claim 1, wherein, The control device includes a linear controller, a Buck controller, or a boost / buck controller.

10. The control system of claim 5, wherein, The voltage control unit includes an AC-DC converter, and the control device includes a linear power supply for the DC-DC converter or a Buck power supply for the DC-DC converter. The voltage control unit and the control device are connected via an isolation transformer; or The voltage control unit and the control device are connected via a non-isolated transformer.

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