Solar cells

Abstract

This utility model discloses a solar cell, comprising: a cell body having a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other; grid lines disposed on the first surface and / or the second surface of the cell body, the grid lines extending along a first direction and spaced apart along a second direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction; the distance between the end of the grid line away from the cell body and the surface of the cell body is H1; the width of the grid line in the second direction is D1; ​​wherein the ratio of H1 to D1 ranges from 65% to 80%. The solar cell according to this utility model embodiment has advantages such as small shading area, high photoelectric conversion efficiency, and low grid breakage probability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a solar cell. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, solar cells mainly use screen printing to prepare metal grid lines. However, with increasing demands for cell efficiency and cost control, excessively wide grid lines can block some sunlight, preventing the generation of photogenerated carriers in that area. Conversely, grid lines with too small a cross-sectional area can affect conductivity, increase series resistance, and exacerbate grid breakage and poor printing, severely impacting the cell's photoelectric conversion efficiency and production yield. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, one objective of the present invention is to provide a solar cell with advantages such as small shading area, high photoelectric conversion efficiency, and low grid breakage probability.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a cell body having a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other; grid lines disposed on the first surface and / or the second surface of the cell body, the grid lines extending along a first direction and spaced apart along a second direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction; the distance between the end of the grid line away from the cell body and the surface of the cell body is H1; the width of the portion of the grid line in contact with the cell body in the second direction is D1; ​​wherein the ratio of H1 to D1 ranges from 65% to 80%.

[0005] According to the solar cell of this utility model embodiment, the distance between the end of the grid line away from the cell body and the surface of the cell body (i.e., the height of the grid line protruding from the surface of the cell body) is H1, and the width of the part of the grid line in contact with the cell body in the second direction is D1. The ratio of H1 to D1 ranges from 65% to 80%, thus maintaining the aspect ratio of the grid line at a high level. A smaller D1 value and a larger H1 value result in a shorter extension distance of the grid line in the second direction, preventing it from blocking sunlight and allowing sufficient sunlight to irradiate the cell body. While increasing H1, the shading area remains essentially unchanged, but the cross-sectional area of ​​the grid line increases, improving conductivity. This reduces the loss of photogenerated carriers due to grid line shading while maintaining current collection efficiency, improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell. It offers advantages such as small shading area, high photoelectric conversion efficiency, and low grid breakage probability.

[0006] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the grid line includes a first part extending into the inside of the battery body and a second part extending out of the outside of the battery body.

[0007] Furthermore, the width of the second part gradually decreases or remains constant in the direction away from the battery body.

[0008] According to some specific embodiments of this utility model, the cross-sectional shape of the second part is rectangular, trapezoidal, triangular, or arc-shaped.

[0009] According to some specific embodiments of this utility model, the height of the second part is H2; the width of the part of the second part that contacts the battery body in the second direction is D2, wherein the value of H2 / D2 satisfies 65%~80%.

[0010] Furthermore, H2 satisfies 6μm≤H1≤10μm; and / or, D2 satisfies 8μm≤D1≤14μm.

[0011] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the first direction, there is at least one gate line in the first direction, and the variation range of the H1 of the gate line is less than or equal to 1 μm; and / or, there is at least one gate line in the first direction, and the variation range of the D1 of the gate line is less than or equal to 2 μm.

[0012] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, at least two adjacent gate lines satisfy the following: the difference in H1 between the two gate lines is less than or equal to 0.5 μm; and / or, the difference in D1 between the two gate lines is less than or equal to 1 μm.

[0013] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the H1 of the gate line satisfies 6μm≤H1≤10μm; and / or, the D1 of the gate line satisfies 8μm≤D1≤14μm.

[0014] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the battery body includes: a substrate having a front side and a back side, the back side having a first region and a second region alternately arranged along a second direction; a first dielectric layer located on the first region; a first doped layer located on the side of the first dielectric layer away from the substrate, the first doped layer and the substrate having dopant elements of the same conductivity type; a second dielectric layer located at least on the second region; and a second doped layer located on the side of the second dielectric layer away from the substrate, the second doped layer and the first doped layer having opposite conductivity types.

[0015] Furthermore, an isolation zone is set up between the first area and the second area.

[0016] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the grid line includes a first electrode disposed in a first region and a second electrode disposed in a second region.

[0017] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the battery body includes: a substrate; a third doped layer disposed between the substrate and the first surface; a first passivation layer disposed on the surface of the third doped layer away from the substrate; a fourth doped layer disposed between the substrate and the second surface; and a second passivation layer disposed on the surface of the fourth doped layer away from the substrate.

[0018] Furthermore, the gate line includes: a front electrode that penetrates the first passivation layer and is in electrical contact with the third doped layer; and a back electrode that penetrates the second passivation layer and is in electrical contact with the fourth doped layer.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the grid line morphology of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell according to the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial schematic diagram of the grid lines of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 These are line graphs and tabular diagrams of the grid lines H1 in existing solar cells; Figure 6 These are line graphs and tabular diagrams of the grid line H1 of the solar cell of this utility model; Figure 7 These are line graphs and tabular diagrams of the grid lines D1 in existing solar cells; Figure 8 These are line graphs and tabular diagrams of the grid lines D1 of the solar cell of this utility model; Figure label: Solar cell 1, cell body 100, first surface 101, second surface 102, grid lines 200 First part 210, second part 220, substrate 110, first doped layer 120, first passivation layer 130 Second doped layer 140, second passivation layer 150, first electrode 201, second electrode 202, front electrode 203. Back electrode 204, first dielectric layer 160, second dielectric layer 170, isolation region 180. Third doped layer 121, fourth doped layer 141. Detailed Implementation

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0022] In the description of this utility model, "first feature" and "second feature" may include one or more of the features.

[0023] In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means two or more.

[0024] In the description of this utility model, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or it may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact through another feature between them.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, the terms "above", "over" and "on top" for the first feature and the second feature include the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature.

[0026] The solar cell 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] A solar cell 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a cell body 100 and grid lines 200. The cell body 100 has a first surface 101 and a second surface 102 disposed opposite to each other. The grid lines 200 are disposed on the first surface 101 and / or the second surface 102 of the cell body 100. The grid lines 200 extend along a first direction and are spaced apart along a second direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction. The distance between the end of the grid line 200 away from the cell body 100 and the surface of the cell body 100 (the perpendicular distance from the vertex of the grid line 200 to the surface of the cell body 100) is H1. The width of the portion of the grid line 200 in contact with the cell body 100 in the second direction is D1. The ratio of H1 to D1 ranges from 65% to 80%.

[0028] The solar cell 1 can be a BC cell with grid lines 200 provided only on one of the first surface 101 and the second surface 102 of the cell body 100, or it can be a non-BC cell such as Topcon cell, HJT cell, perovskite cell, etc. with grid lines 200 provided on both the first surface 101 and the second surface 102.

[0029] According to the solar cell 1 of this utility model embodiment, by setting the distance H1 between the end of the grid line 200 away from the surface of the battery body 100 and the surface of the battery body 100, i.e., the height H1 of the grid line 200 protruding from the surface of the battery body 100, and setting the width D1 of the portion of the grid line 200 in contact with the battery body 100 in the second direction, the ratio of H1 to D1 ranges from 65% to 80%, thereby maintaining the aspect ratio of the grid line 200 at a high level. The relatively reduced width D1 of the contact area between the grid line 200 and the battery body 100 reduces the extension distance of the grid line 200 in the second direction, thereby reducing the shading area of ​​sunlight, improving the light absorption rate of the solar cell, and thus improving the power generation efficiency. Increasing the height H1 of the grid line 200 relative to the battery body 100 increases the cross-sectional area of ​​the grid line 200, ensuring that the transmission performance of the grid line is not reduced. Therefore, the grid line structure of this application can reduce the shading area of ​​the grid line 200 while ensuring current collection efficiency, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery. Furthermore, by ensuring that the grid line 200 maintains a large cross-sectional area, grid breakage can be avoided while ensuring grid line transmission performance. Therefore, the solar cell 1 according to this embodiment of the present invention has advantages such as small shading area, high photoelectric conversion efficiency, and low grid breakage probability.

[0030] Continue to refer to Figure 1The distance H1 between the end of the grid line 200 furthest from the battery body 100 and the surface of the battery body 100 refers to the vertical distance from the vertex of the grid line 200 furthest from the battery body 100 to the surface of the battery body 100, which can also be called the height of the grid line 200. The width D1 of the portion of the grid line 200 in contact with the battery body 100 in the second direction refers to the width of the area occupied by the grid line 200 on the battery body 100, that is, the area where the grid line 200 will obstruct the battery body 100. The ratio of H1 to D1 ranges from 65% to 80%, specifically 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, and 80%. If the ratio of H1 to D1 is less than 65%, the height of the grid line will be relatively small while the width will be large, resulting in an increased shading area and affecting the light absorption rate of the solar cell. If the ratio of H1 to D1 is greater than 80%, the height of the grid line will be high while the width will be small, resulting in a small contact area between the grid line and the cell body, which will affect the grid line's ability to collect charge carriers from the cell body and thus affect the power generation efficiency of the solar cell.

[0031] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 4 As shown, the grid line 200 includes a first part 210 extending into the battery body 100 and a second part 220 extending out of the battery body 100.

[0032] The first part 210 is used to collect charge carriers inside the battery body 210, and the second part 220 is mainly used to transport charge carriers. That is, the grid line 200 mainly enables the collection and outflow of charge carriers. Simultaneously, the first part of the grid line 200 is used to collect photogenerated charge carriers (electrons and holes) generated by the battery body, so it needs to extend into the battery body. The second part 220 of the grid line 200, while transporting charge carriers, also needs to transport them out, for example, to an external conductive mechanism (such as solder strips), so the second part 220 of the grid line 200 needs to extend beyond the battery body 210.

[0033] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the width of the second part 220 gradually decreases or remains constant in the direction away from the battery body 100. This ensures that the grid lines do not obstruct the battery body 100 over a large area, thereby reducing the shading area and improving the light utilization rate of the solar cell.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 3As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the second part 220 of the grid line 200 is rectangular, trapezoidal, triangular, or arc-shaped. That is to say, the cross-section of the part of the grid line 200 extending out of the cell body 100 is a regular shape, which not only maintains the consistency of the grid line 200's performance but also improves the overall aesthetics of the solar cell.

[0035] Among them, the grid lines 200 with regular cross-sections can be produced by stencil printing, which is relatively inexpensive and suitable for mass production. Firstly, grid lines 200 with rectangular cross-sections are easier to control in shape and easier to manufacture. Grid lines 200 with triangular cross-sections have a sharp top and a wider bottom, which improves sunlight reflection. Grid lines 200 with trapezoidal cross-sections, where the exposed portion of the battery body 100 (the second part 220) reduces the light-blocking area while maintaining good conductivity. For arc-shaped grid lines 200, whose cross-section has an arc shape, such as a semi-circle, their surface is relatively smooth, reducing light reflection loss. Of course, in addition to stencil printing, the grid lines can also be produced through special printing or electroplating processes.

[0036] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 4 As shown, the height of the second part 220 is H2; the width of the part of the second part 220 that contacts the battery body 100 in the second direction is D2, wherein the value of H2 / D2 satisfies 65%~80%.

[0037] Understandably, H2 is the vertical distance from the vertex of the second part 220 to the surface of the battery body 100, H1 and H2 are equal in value, and D2 and D1 are equal in value. H2 / D2 is the ratio of the height to the width of the second part 220 of the grid line 200 protruding from the surface of the battery body 100, which satisfies 60%~80%. This satisfies the requirement of reducing light shading due to its narrow width, and the second part 220 also has a larger cross-sectional area, reducing the probability of grid breakage and ensuring efficient carrier transport.

[0038] Furthermore, H2 satisfies 6μm≤H1≤10μm; and / or, D2 satisfies 8μm≤D1≤14μm. Keeping D2 within the range of 8μm≤D1≤14μm results in a smaller width of sunlight obstruction, improving photoelectric conversion efficiency. Keeping H2 within the range of 6μm≤H1≤10μm increases the cross-sectional area of ​​the second part 220 of the gate line 200, thus providing better current conduction capability.

[0039] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 6 and Figure 8As shown, in the first direction, the variation range of H1 is less than or equal to 1 μm; and / or, in the first direction, the variation range of D1 is less than or equal to 2 μm. That is to say, the gate line 200 of this application maintains a relatively stable shape in its extension direction and will not have a large deformation.

[0040] Due to manufacturing errors, the H1 values ​​of the same gate line 200 are not completely equal at different points in the first direction, and the D1 values ​​of the same gate line 200 are also not completely equal at different points in the second direction, but fluctuate within a certain range. That is, the maximum and minimum values ​​of H1 in the first direction are less than or equal to 1 μm, and the maximum and minimum values ​​of D1 in the first direction are less than or equal to 2 μm. Compared to existing technologies, such as... Figure 5 and Figure 7 The variation range of H1 and D1 of the gate lines is significantly reduced.

[0041] Microscopically, the grid lines 200 exhibit a smooth and dense surface. While significantly improving the aspect ratio, the cross-section of the grid lines 200 displays a full and regular shape, with essentially uniform height and width, effectively enhancing the battery's conductivity. Furthermore, this uniform height and width contribute to improved surface smoothness, reduced light reflection loss, and ensures more uniform and efficient current transmission within the grid lines 200, thereby lowering resistance losses. From the perspective of battery performance, the grid lines 200 form a full and regularly shaped form, resulting in more uniform contact on the battery surface. A good bonding interface is formed between the grid lines 200 and the silicon wafer, with no obvious signs of delamination or peeling, further ensuring the stability and reliability of the battery. The silicon-based solar cell 1, fabricated from high-quality grid lines 200 with regular and fine shapes, significantly improves photoelectric conversion efficiency and lifespan, ensuring superior performance in practical applications.

[0042] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, there exist at least two adjacent gate lines 200 that satisfy the following conditions: the difference in H1 between the two gate lines 200 is less than or equal to 0.5 μm; and / or, the difference in D1 between the two gate lines 200 is less than or equal to 1 μm.

[0043] For example, Figure 3 The difference in H1 and D1 between the two front electrodes 203 on the first surface 101 is small. The difference in H1 and D1 between adjacent grid lines 200 can be controlled within an extremely small range, such as micrometers or even submicrometers. This uniform height and width distribution helps improve the flatness of the battery surface, reduce light reflection loss, and ensure more uniform and efficient current transmission in the grid lines 200, thereby reducing resistance loss. Similarly, as Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the H1 of gate line 200 satisfies 6μm ≤ H1 ≤ 10μm; and / or, the D1 of gate line 200 satisfies 8μm ≤ D1 ≤ 14μm. For a single gate line 200, as... Figure 4 As shown, D1 is kept within the range of 8μm≤D1≤14μm, resulting in a smaller width of sunlight obstruction and improved photoelectric conversion efficiency. H1 is kept within the range of 6μm≤H1≤10μm, increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the second part 220 of the grid line 200, thereby providing better current conduction capability. In other words, the grid line 200 of this invention has a clear outline and neat edges, with no obvious undulations, burrs, or breaks. At the same time, the width of the grid line 200 is uniform, without any local areas that are too wide or too narrow, presenting an overall regular and precise visual appearance.

[0044] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 2 As shown, the battery body 100 includes: a substrate 110, a first dielectric layer 160, a first doped layer 120, a second dielectric layer 170, and a second doped layer 140.

[0045] The substrate 110 has opposing front and back sides, and the back side has a first region and a second region alternately arranged along a second direction. A first dielectric layer 160 is located on the first region. A first doped layer 120 is located on the side of the first dielectric layer 160 away from the substrate 110, and the first doped layer 120 and the substrate 110 have dopants of the same conductivity type. A second dielectric layer 170 is located at least on the second region. A second doped layer 140 is located on the side of the second dielectric layer 170 away from the substrate 110, and the second doped layer 140 and the first doped layer 120 have opposite conductivity types.

[0046] Furthermore, the gate line 200 includes a first electrode 201 disposed in a first region and a second electrode 202 disposed in a second region. The first dielectric layer 160 and the second dielectric layer 170 are tunneling layers, specifically silicon oxide layers.

[0047] The first doped layer 120 can specifically be a P+ polysilicon layer, which is suitable for collecting holes and forming selective contact with the substrate 110. The second doped layer 130 can specifically be an N++ polysilicon layer, which is suitable for collecting electrons and forming selective contact with the substrate 110. The first dielectric layer 160 forms a passivation contact structure between the first doped layer 120 and the substrate 110, and the second dielectric layer 170 forms a passivation contact structure between the second doped layer 140 and the substrate 110. After photogenerated carriers enter the substrate 110, the generated carriers (electron-hole pairs) diffuse to the back side of the substrate 110. Holes are collected by the first doped layer 120 and connected to the gate line 200 of the positive electrode, and electrons are collected by the second doped layer 140 and connected to the gate line 200 of the positive electrode. The first electrode 201 of the grid line 200 contacts the tunneling layer formed by the first dielectric layer 160, and the second electrode 202 of the grid line 200 contacts the tunneling layer formed by the second dielectric layer 170, thereby forming a specific conductive path for charge carriers, avoiding direct contact between the positive electrode of the grid line 200 and the substrate 110, and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery.

[0048] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, an isolation region 180 is provided between the first region and the second region of the substrate 110. The isolation region 180 separates the first doped layer 120 and the second doped layer 140 to prevent short circuits between the first region and the second region of the substrate 110.

[0049] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 3 As shown, the battery body 100 includes: a substrate 110, a third doped layer 121, a first passivation layer 130, a fourth doped layer 141, and a second passivation layer 150.

[0050] A third doped layer 121 is disposed between the substrate 110 and the first surface 101. A first passivation layer 130 is disposed on the surface of the first doped layer 120 away from the substrate 110. A fourth doped layer 141 is disposed between the substrate 110 and the second surface 102. A second passivation layer 150 is disposed on the surface of the fourth doped layer 141 away from the substrate 110.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the gate line 200 includes a front electrode 203 and a back electrode 204. The front electrode 203 penetrates the first passivation layer 130 and is in electrical contact with the first doped layer 120. The back electrode 204 penetrates the second passivation layer 150 and is in electrical contact with the second doped layer 140.

[0052] For example, the third doped layer 121 is a boron-doped polysilicon layer, and the fourth doped layer 141 is a phosphorus-doped polysilicon layer. The front electrode 203 of the gate line 200 passes through the first passivation layer 130 and makes electrical contact with the third doped layer 121, preventing the gate line 200 of the front electrode 203 from directly contacting the substrate 110. Similarly, the gate line 200 of the back electrode 204 passes through the second passivation layer 150 and makes electrical contact with the fourth doped layer 141, preventing the back electrode 204 of the gate line 200 from directly contacting the substrate 110. The first passivation layer 130 can be an aluminum oxide passivation layer, and the second passivation layer 150 can be a silicon nitride passivation layer. The first passivation layer 130 carries a negative charge, providing field passivation (repelling electrons and reducing surface recombination), and reducing dangling bonds through chemical passivation; the entire surface of the back passivation layer forms a passivated contact structure, forming selective electron collection.

[0053] The front electrode 203 of the grid line 200 forms a full and regular shape on the first surface 101, and the back electrode 204 of the grid line 200 forms a full and regular shape on the second surface 102. The contact with the surface of the battery body 100 is more uniform, which greatly improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency and service life, and ensures that the battery performs better in practical applications.

[0054] Other configurations and operations of the solar cell 1 according to the embodiments of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0055] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0056] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A solar cell, characterized by, include: A battery body having a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other; The grid lines are disposed on the first surface and / or the second surface of the battery body, the grid lines extend along a first direction, the grid lines are spaced apart along a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; The distance between the end of the grid line away from the battery body and the surface of the battery body is H1; The width of the portion of the grid line that contacts the battery body in the second direction is D1; The ratio of H1 to D1 is in the range of 65% to 80%.

2. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grid line includes a first portion extending into the inside of the battery body and a second portion extending outward from the outside of the battery body.

3. The solar cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The width of the second part gradually decreases or remains constant in the direction away from the battery body.

4. The solar cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross-section of the second part is rectangular, trapezoidal, triangular, or arc-shaped.

5. The solar cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height of the second part is H2; the width of the portion of the second part that contacts the battery body in the second direction is D2, wherein the value of H2 / D2 satisfies 65%~80%.

6. The solar cell according to claim 5, characterized in that, H2 satisfies 6μm≤H1≤10μm; and / or, D2 satisfies 8μm≤D1≤14μm.

7. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, There exists at least one gate line in the first direction, and the variation range of H1 of the gate line is less than or equal to 1 μm; and / or; There is at least one gate line in the first direction, and the range of variation of D1 of the gate line is less than or equal to 2 μm.

8. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, There exist at least two adjacent gate lines that satisfy the following conditions: the difference in H1 between the two gate lines is less than or equal to 0.5 μm; and / or the difference in D1 between the two gate lines is less than or equal to 1 μm.

9. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The H1 of the gate line satisfies 6μm≤H1≤10μm; and / or, the D1 of the gate line satisfies 8μm≤D1≤14μm.

10. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery body includes: A substrate having opposing front and back sides, the back side having a first region and a second region alternately arranged along a second direction; A first dielectric layer is located on the first region; A first doped layer is located on the side of the first dielectric layer away from the substrate, and the first doped layer and the substrate have doping elements of the same conductivity type. A second dielectric layer is located at least on the second region; The second doped layer is located on the side of the second dielectric layer away from the substrate, and the second doped layer has the opposite conductivity type to the first doped layer.

11. The solar cell according to claim 10, characterized in that, An isolation zone is set up between the first area and the second area.

12. The solar cell according to claim 10, characterized in that, The grid line includes a first electrode disposed in a first region and a second electrode disposed in a second region.

13. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery body includes: Base; A third doped layer is disposed between the substrate and the first surface; A first passivation layer is disposed on the surface of the first doped layer away from the substrate; A fourth doped layer is disposed between the substrate and the second surface; A second passivation layer is disposed on the surface of the second doped layer away from the substrate.

14. The solar cell according to claim 13, characterized in that, The gate lines include: A front electrode that penetrates the first passivation layer and is in electrical contact with the third doped layer; A back electrode that penetrates the second passivation layer and is in electrical contact with the fourth doped layer.

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