Anti-clogging drainage device

Abstract

This utility model discloses an anti-clogging drainage device, including a shell, a rear end cover plate, and a drainage port. The shell and the rear end cover plate are sealed together to form a cavity, and the drainage port is located at the bottom. An orifice plate with filter holes is provided inside. A pressure plate is located on one side of the orifice plate and has perforated pins corresponding to the filter holes. A cylinder is fixed to the outside of the rear end cover plate, and a piston rod is connected to the pressure plate. A backflushing pipe passes through the top of the shell, extends between the orifice plate and the pressure plate, and connects to a high-pressure medium source. The pressure plate can be located on the inlet or outlet side of the orifice plate, and is equipped with a guide shaft and a limiting hole accordingly. The guide shaft and the piston rod are in the same direction. The bottom of the cylinder is fixed to the rear end cover plate by a support. The piston rod is connected to the pressure plate via a connecting rod, and a sealing ring and a sealing pressure plate are provided where the connecting rod passes through the rear end cover plate. The rear end cover plate and the shell are connected by a sealing flange. This utility model effectively prevents clogging, improves flow efficiency and operational stability, and reduces maintenance costs through the synergistic effect of the perforated pin anti-clogging and backflushing cleaning, combined with the guide limiting and composite sealing structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of solid-liquid separation and cleaning equipment, and in particular relates to a drainage device that prevents clogging. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of solid-liquid separation and cleaning equipment, existing technologies for the efficient removal and resource recovery of asphalt contaminants from stone surfaces generally rely on mechanical sieving based on filters to achieve effective separation of the solid phase (stone) and the liquid phase (cleaning agent containing dissolved asphalt). A typical process flow usually includes: mixing the stone to be treated with a specialized cleaning agent; using stirring or high-pressure spraying to cause the asphalt components to peel off from the stone surface and dissolve in the cleaning medium; subsequently, using a filter to intercept larger solid particles, allowing the liquid containing dissolved asphalt to be clarified and discharged, thus completing the separation of the solid and liquid phases and the subsequent recovery of their respective resources. This technical approach dominates current industrial applications due to its simple structure and intuitive operation.

[0003] However, with the increasing complexity of materials being processed, especially when dealing with highly viscous and easily gelling asphalt-like contaminants, traditional filter-type drainage devices have revealed numerous structural defects, severely impacting equipment stability and process efficiency. The most prominent problem is the extreme clogging of the filter screen. During the cleaning process, asphalt, after being acted upon by the cleaning agent, forms a highly adhesive colloidal suspension. These fine particles and dissolved substances easily deposit on the pore surface of the filter screen, forming a dense layer, leading to a rapid decrease in the effective filtration area. Data shows that after 2 to 3 hours of continuous operation, the fluid throughput of conventional metal woven filters (pore size 0.1–0.5 mm) decreases by 40% to 60%, forcing frequent system shutdowns for manual or automatic cleaning, severely restricting production continuity and processing capacity.

[0004] Furthermore, the existing filter structure lacks fluid adaptability under dynamic operating conditions, further exacerbating the instability of the separation process. Under stirring or high-pressure rinsing conditions, the solid-liquid mixture is often in a highly turbulent state, and high-concentration particles easily form vortex accumulations in local areas of the filter. Especially at low temperatures, when the viscosity of the cleaning agent increases, or when the asphalt concentration exceeds 5% by weight, particles are prone to a "bridging effect" at the filter inlet, where multiple particles interlock to form a stable blockage structure, significantly increasing the drainage resistance. This phenomenon is particularly severe when processing aggregates with a wide particle size distribution, often leading to filtrate retention, abnormal liquid level fluctuations, and even overflow risks, threatening equipment safety and process control accuracy.

[0005] To address the aforementioned clogging issues, existing equipment often employs backwashing systems or mechanical vibration-assisted methods. While backwashing can remove deposits to some extent, it requires additional high-power water pumps and water storage units, leading to a significant increase in energy consumption. Vibration devices, on the other hand, suffer from fatigue damage to the filter material due to prolonged exposure to high-frequency mechanical impacts, shortening its lifespan to less than 72 hours. More critically, in cases of severe clogging, manual disassembly of the filter assembly for deep cleaning is still necessary, with each maintenance session exceeding two hours, severely impacting the overall efficiency of the equipment and driving up overall operating costs.

[0006] Meanwhile, traditional filter technology also has significant limitations in terms of process adaptability and may cause secondary pollution problems. For example, when processing aggregates containing polymer-modified asphalt (such as SBS-modified asphalt), the dissolved polymer segments are prone to physical cross-linking on the filter surface, forming a gel-like blockage that is difficult to remove. This not only reduces separation efficiency but may also lead to interruption of filtrate circulation, causing incompletely separated asphalt particles to re-adhere to the cleaned aggregate surface, resulting in secondary pollution. Studies have shown that under severe filter clogging conditions, the amount of residual asphalt on the aggregate surface increases significantly, seriously affecting the quality of recycled aggregates and their subsequent application performance.

[0007] Although existing research has attempted to improve existing systems by optimizing filter materials (such as using sintered stainless steel mesh), introducing ultrasonic cleaning, or combining them with dynamic cyclone separation, these solutions all face insurmountable technical bottlenecks. While material upgrades can improve corrosion resistance, they offer limited improvement in resisting the adhesion of viscous substances. Ultrasonic cleaning, while possessing some scale-removing capabilities, significantly increases equipment costs and suffers from insufficient penetration in high-viscosity liquids. Cyclone separation technology, requiring centrifuge units and density control systems, leads to complex processes, increases floor space by 30%–50%, and is ineffective for separating low-concentration suspensions. Therefore, existing technologies still face fundamental challenges in dealing with complex solid-liquid systems containing viscous dissolved substances, including complex clogging mechanisms, frequent maintenance, and low energy efficiency, making it difficult to meet the stringent requirements of modern cleaning processes for continuous operation, low energy consumption, and high adaptability.

[0008] In summary, current filter-based solid-liquid separation technologies have shown significant performance bottlenecks when treating asphalt-contaminated aggregates. There is an urgent need for an anti-clogging drainage device that breaks through traditional screening methods and is based on innovative mechanical structure design. This device would fundamentally solve the core problems of filter clogging and high maintenance costs, providing a new technical path and engineering solution for the efficient, stable, and sustainable separation of asphalt-based solid-liquid systems. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this utility model embodiment is to provide a clog-proof drainage device to solve the problem of easy clogging of traditional filters, and improve the continuity, stability and overall reliability of the drainage process.

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is an anti-clogging drainage device, including a shell, a rear end cover plate and a drainage port. One end of the shell is sealed to the rear end cover plate to form a drainage cavity, and the drainage port is located at the bottom of the shell. It also includes perforated plates, pressure plates, punch pins, cylinders, and backflush pipes; The perforated plate is fixedly installed in the contents and connected to the cleaning machine, and multiple filter holes are opened on the perforated plate; The pressure plate is disposed on one side of the perforated plate, and the side facing the perforated plate is provided with punch pins corresponding to the filter holes; The cylinder is fixed to the outside of the rear end cover plate, and the piston rod of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the pressure plate; The backflush pipe penetrates the top of the outer casing, with its lower end extending into the cavity between the orifice plate and the pressure plate, and its upper end connected to a high-pressure gas tank or a high-pressure liquid tank.

[0011] Furthermore, the pressure plate is located on the liquid inlet side or liquid outlet side of the orifice plate.

[0012] Furthermore, when the pressure plate is located on the liquid outlet side of the orifice plate, guide shafts are provided at the top and bottom of the orifice plate, and limiting holes that cooperate with the guide shafts are opened on the pressure plate; When the pressure plate is located on the liquid inlet side of the orifice plate, guide shafts are provided at the top and bottom of the pressure plate, and limiting holes that cooperate with the guide shafts are opened on the orifice plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the guide shaft is aligned with the piston rod direction.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a support, one end of which is fixed to the bottom of the cylinder and the other end of which is fixed to the bottom of the rear end cover plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the piston rod of the cylinder is connected to the pressure plate via a connecting rod, and a sealing ring is provided at the point where the connecting rod passes through the rear end cover plate.

[0016] Furthermore, a sealing pressure plate is provided in the section of the connecting rod located outside the rear end cover plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the rear end cover is connected to the outer casing via a sealing flange.

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The anti-clogging drainage device provided by this utility model effectively solves the problems of easy clogging, flow imbalance, and frequent maintenance of traditional filter screens when processing high-viscosity, easily gelling materials (such as asphalt) through a triple-synergistic anti-clogging mechanism that integrates dynamic anti-clogging with perforated pins, high-pressure backwashing, and mechanical slag discharge with plate reset. During the cleaning stage, the plate presses and seals the filter holes, and the perforated pins are inserted into the filter holes to achieve physical barrier against leakage and clogging. After drainage, high-pressure medium is introduced through the backwash pipe for reverse cleaning, and the perforated pins push the residual material out of the filter holes when the plate closes again, completing self-cleaning and significantly improving flow efficiency and continuous operation capability. Combined with the precise guiding structure of the guide shaft and limiting holes, the composite sealing design, and the orifice plate with a gradient distribution of orifice diameter, the operational stability, sealing reliability, and adaptability to working conditions are further enhanced, significantly reducing maintenance frequency and energy consumption. It is suitable for solid-liquid separation scenarios under complex working conditions such as chemical, stone recycling, and pharmaceutical industries, and has good economic benefits and promotional value. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage device structure of Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the orientation of the pressure plate in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; wherein, (a) is a front view of the pressure plate located on the liquid outlet side of the orifice plate, and (b) is a left view of the pressure plate located on the liquid outlet side of the orifice plate; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the orifice plate in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; wherein, (a) is a front view of the pressure plate located on the liquid outlet side of the orifice plate, and (b) is a left view of the pressure plate located on the liquid outlet side of the orifice plate; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage device structure in Embodiment 2 of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the orientation of the pressure plate in Embodiment 2 of this utility model; wherein, (a) is a front view of the pressure plate located on the liquid inlet side of the orifice plate, and (b) is a left view of the pressure plate located on the liquid inlet side of the orifice plate; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the orifice plate in Embodiment 2 of this utility model; wherein, (a) is a front view of the pressure plate located on the liquid inlet side of the orifice plate, and (b) is a left view of the pressure plate located on the liquid inlet side of the orifice plate; In the diagram, 1. Rear end cover; 2. Sealing flange; 3. Backflush pipe; 4. Outer shell; 5. Guide shaft; 6. Orifice plate; 7. Punching pin; 8. Pressure plate; 9. Drain port; 10. Support; 11. Cylinder; 12. Sealing pressure plate; 13. Sealing ring; 14. Limiting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] like Figures 1-6 This embodiment provides an anti-clogging drainage device, specifically an anti-clogging drainage device for a cleaning machine; its main structure includes a backflushing pipe 3, a housing 4, an orifice plate 6, a drainage port 9, a pressure plate 8, a sealing pressure plate 12, and a rear end cover plate 1; the structure is as follows: In some specific embodiments, a perforated plate 6 is fixedly installed at one end of the outer casing 4, and the perforated plate 6 serves as the input end of the drainage device and is connected to the cleaning machine. A rear end cover plate 1 is installed at the other end, forming a drainage chamber. The rear end cover plate 1 and the outer casing 4 are tightly connected via a sealing flange 2 to ensure the drainage chamber is airtight. The backflush pipe 3 passes vertically through a through hole at the top of the outer casing 4, with its lower end extending into the cavity between the perforated plate 6 and the pressure plate 8, and its upper end connected to an external high-pressure gas tank or high-pressure liquid tank. High-pressure media (gas or liquid) reversely impacts the filter holes of the perforated plate 6 to remove residual clogging materials. A drainage port 9 is provided at the bottom of the outer casing 4 as the output end of the drainage device.

[0023] In some specific embodiments, filter holes are evenly distributed on the perforated plate 6, and the liquid discharged from the cleaning machine enters the drainage chamber through the filter holes.

[0024] In some specific embodiments, a pressure plate 8 is provided on one side of the orifice plate 6; the pressure plate 8 is provided with perforated pins 7 facing the orifice plate 6 and corresponding to the filter holes. During the cleaning process, the perforated pins 7 are inserted into the filter holes of the orifice plate 6 to prevent material from clogging the drain holes on the orifice plate 6. After cleaning is completed, the pressure plate 8 is removed, allowing the internal liquid to flow into the drain chamber through the filter holes on the orifice plate 6 and finally be discharged from the drain port 9 located at the bottom of the chamber; this ensures the unobstructed flow of the orifice plate 6 and the efficient operation of the entire system.

[0025] In some alternative embodiments, the pressure plate 8 may be disposed on the inlet side or the outlet side of the orifice plate 6. For example... Figures 1-3As shown, the pressure plate 8 is located on the liquid outlet side of the orifice plate 6. Guide shafts 5 are provided at the top and bottom of the orifice plate 6, and corresponding limit holes 14 are provided on the pressure plate 8. The movement direction of the pressure plate 8 is guided and the stroke is limited through the cooperation of the limit holes 14 and the guide shafts 5. Figures 4-6 As shown, the pressure plate 8 is located on the liquid inlet side of the orifice plate 6. The top and bottom of the pressure plate 8 are provided with guide shafts 5, and the orifice plate 6 is provided with limiting holes 14 that match the guide shafts 5. Similarly, the precise guidance and stroke limitation of the movement trajectory of the pressure plate 8 are achieved through the cooperation of the guide shafts 5 and the limiting holes 14, thereby ensuring the stability of the pressure plate 8 during reciprocating motion.

[0026] In some specific embodiments, the draining device further includes a cylinder 11; the cylinder 11 serves as the driving mechanism for the pressure plate 8 to achieve precise and controllable reciprocating linear motion. The cylinder 11 assembly mainly includes a cylinder barrel, a piston disposed inside the cylinder barrel, a piston rod fixedly connected to the piston, and sealed end caps installed at both ends of the cylinder body, forming a complete pneumatic drive structure. The cylinder 11 has inlet and outlet ports at both ends, used to control the input and output of compressed gas, respectively. During operation, by controlling the external air passage, air is input at the rear end and exhaust at the front end, causing the piston and connected piston rod to advance axially along the cylinder barrel under the action of a pressure difference; conversely, when air is input at the front end and exhaust at the rear end, the piston moves in the opposite direction, driving the pressure plate 8 back to its original position.

[0027] In some specific embodiments, the piston rod of the cylinder 11 is fixedly connected to the pressure plate 8 via a connecting rod; the connecting rod passes through the rear end cover plate 1 axially, and a sealing ring 13 is provided between the connecting rod and the penetration portion of the rear end cover plate 1. In the outer section of the cavity, a sealing pressure plate 12 is fixedly connected to the axial extension section of the connecting rod between the cylinder 11 and the cavity; when the piston rod of the cylinder 11 is driven, the sealing pressure plate 12 is pressed against the outer end face of the rear end cover plate 1 by the axial load, forming a composite sealing structure with the sealing ring 13 to achieve dynamic sealing of the cavity.

[0028] In some possible implementations, when the pressure plate 8 is located on the liquid inlet side of the orifice plate 6, the connecting rod passes through the orifice plate 6 and is connected to the pressure plate 8.

[0029] In some specific embodiments, a support 10 is provided at the bottom of the cylinder 11. The support 10 is used to fix the cylinder 11, ensuring its stability and positioning accuracy during operation. Another part of the support 10 is fixed to the bottom of the rear end cover plate 1. In this embodiment, the cylinder 11 is connected to the rear end cover plate 1 by the support 10, which not only provides a stable support foundation for the cylinder 11, but also effectively reduces the vibration and displacement caused by the movement of the cylinder 11, ensuring the reliability and safety of the entire device.

[0030] The operating principle of the drainage device in this embodiment is as follows: The perforated plate 6 is provided with filter holes of different sizes arranged from bottom to top. During the operation of the cleaning machine, the cylinder 11 drives the pressure plate 8 to press against the surface of the perforated plate 6, so that the punch pin 7 on the pressure plate 8 is inserted into the corresponding filter hole of the perforated plate 6, thereby sealing the channel of the perforated plate 6 and preventing the internal material from leaking out of the holes during high-pressure cleaning. At this time, the presence of the punch pin 7 can also effectively prevent the material from clogging the filter holes. After the cleaning operation is completed, the cylinder 11 drives the pressure plate 8 to retract, releasing the seal on the perforated plate 6, allowing the liquid in the cavity to enter the drainage cavity through the filter holes and be discharged through the drainage port 9 at the bottom of the outer shell 4. After the liquid is drained, a high-pressure air source or liquid source is connected through the backflushing pipe 3 to perform reverse flushing (backflushing) on ​​the perforated plate 6 to remove impurities that may be attached to or remain on the hole wall. After backwashing is completed, cylinder 11 is started again to push pressure plate 8 against orifice plate 6. At this time, punch pin 7 pushes out the material remaining in the filter holes during the movement, realizing the self-cleaning function, thereby ensuring that each filter hole of orifice plate 6 remains unobstructed and avoids clogging.

[0031] The drainage device of this embodiment has the following advantages: During the cleaning stage, the pressure plate 8 tightly presses against the perforated plate 6, effectively sealing all filter holes and preventing material leakage; the perforated pins 7 on the pressure plate 8 correspond one-to-one with the filter holes of the perforated plate 6, preventing the filter holes from being blocked by material during dynamic operation, and ensuring the sealing and stability of the cleaning process; after drainage, a backwashing process is introduced, which, combined with high-pressure medium, further removes residues; finally, through the reset action of the pressure plate 8, the mechanical pushing action of the perforated pins 7 completely discharges the material remaining in the filter holes, forming a complete anti-clogging and self-cleaning mechanism, significantly improving the flow capacity and service life of the perforated plate 6, and ensuring that the drainage process of the cleaning machine is continuous, smooth, and efficient.

[0032] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model are included within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A clog-resistant drainage device, characterized by: It includes an outer shell (4), a rear end cover (1) and a drain port (9). One end of the outer shell (4) is sealed to the rear end cover (1) to form a drain cavity, and the drain port (9) is located at the bottom of the outer shell (4). It also includes a perforated plate (6), a pressure plate (8), a punch pin (7), a cylinder (11), and a backflush pipe (3); The perforated plate (6) is fixedly installed inside the outer shell (4) and connected to the cleaning machine. Multiple filter holes are opened on the perforated plate (6). The pressure plate (8) is disposed on one side of the perforated plate (6), and the side facing the perforated plate (6) is provided with a punch pin (7) corresponding to the filter hole. The cylinder (11) is fixed to the outside of the rear end cover plate (1), and the piston rod of the cylinder (11) is fixedly connected to the pressure plate (8); The backflush tube (3) penetrates the top of the outer shell (4), with its lower end extending to the cavity between the orifice plate (6) and the pressure plate (8), and its upper end connected to a high-pressure gas tank or a high-pressure liquid tank.

2. The anti-clogging drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure plate (8) is located on the inlet side or outlet side of the orifice plate (6).

3. A clog resistant drain device according to claim 2, wherein: When the pressure plate (8) is located on the liquid outlet side of the orifice plate (6), the top and bottom of the orifice plate (6) are provided with guide shafts (5), and the pressure plate (8) is provided with limiting holes (14) that cooperate with the guide shafts (5). When the pressure plate (8) is located on the liquid inlet side of the orifice plate (6), the top and bottom of the pressure plate (8) are provided with guide shafts (5), and the orifice plate (6) is provided with limiting holes (14) that cooperate with the guide shafts (5).

4. The anti-clogging drainage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide shaft (5) is aligned with the piston rod.

5. The anti-clogging drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a support (10), one end of which is fixed to the bottom of the cylinder (11) and the other end is fixed to the bottom of the rear cover plate (1).

6. The anti-clogging drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston rod of the cylinder (11) is connected to the pressure plate (8) via a connecting rod, and a sealing ring (13) is provided at the point where the connecting rod passes through the rear end cover plate (1).

7. The anti-clogging drainage device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The section of the connecting rod located outside the rear cover plate (1) is provided with a sealing pressure plate (12).

8. The anti-clogging drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end cover (1) is connected to the outer shell (4) via a sealing flange (2).

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