A slurry flocculation and sedimentation device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of sludge flocculation settling devices, including settling pond, with slope in bottom, the side of the slope bottom of settling pond is provided with water outlet, the water outlet is provided with sewage propeller, the settling pond is provided with several stirring propellers in different depths, not less than two siphons are set on the settling pond, the inner wall of the settling pond is coated with the Teflon coating of adding alumina;Flocculating agent feeder, the flocculating agent feeder has annular spray pipe, located above settling pond, the nozzle is downward;Primary filter box, the primary filter box is connected with the water outlet pipe of sedimentation tank by pipeline the primary filter box is provided with slurry outflow groove;And vacuum filter, the slurry outflow groove is connected with vacuum filter.The utility model has the advantages of improving settling efficiency, reducing filter blockage and reducing maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mining equipment technology, and in particular to a slurry flocculation and sedimentation device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, my country's bauxite and other metallurgical industries generate a large amount of by-products such as slag and sludge. Processing and reusing sludge can significantly reduce environmental pollution caused by sludge stockpiling. Some sludge has a high moisture content, requiring dewatering treatment before reuse to reduce its moisture content and separate tailings and water for separate resource reuse. The commonly used method for sludge dewatering is flocculation sedimentation; however, most flocculation sedimentation equipment is designed for general domestic or industrial wastewater treatment, with fewer options specifically for sludge. The sedimentation and filtration efficiency of traditional sedimentation equipment for sludge treatment still needs improvement.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, it is necessary to develop a sludge flocculation and sedimentation device to improve the current problems encountered by flocculation and sedimentation equipment in treating sludge, thereby enhancing sedimentation, filtration efficiency, and operational efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a sludge flocculation and sedimentation device, which has the advantages of improving sedimentation efficiency, reducing filter clogging and lowering maintenance costs.

[0005] According to one aspect of this application, one embodiment provides a sludge flocculation and sedimentation device, comprising:

[0006] The sedimentation tank has a sloping bottom and an outlet is provided on the side of the bottom of the slope. A sewage discharge propeller is provided at the outlet for discharging sediment. Several stirring propellers are provided at different depths in the sedimentation tank. No less than two siphon pipes are provided on the sedimentation tank for discharging clean water. The inner wall of the sedimentation tank is coated with a Teflon coating with added alumina.

[0007] A flocculant additive device has an annular spray pipe with nozzles evenly spaced on the annular spray pipe. The annular spray pipe is located above the sedimentation tank, and the nozzles face downwards to spray flocculant into the sedimentation tank.

[0008] A primary filter box contains three stages of filters with progressively smaller pore sizes. These filters are replaceable. Each compartment of the primary filter box is equipped with a mud pump at its bottom.

[0009] A vacuum filter, wherein the mud pump is connected to the vacuum filter.

[0010] Furthermore, the sedimentation tank is equipped with an inclined screen plate to filter out large particles of debris entering the sedimentation tank, and the inclined screen plate is replaceable.

[0011] Furthermore, the sedimentation tank is equipped with fixed baffles on both sides of the inclined screen plate and a movable baffle at the bottom, which can be removed or opened to clean the filter material on the inclined screen plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the sedimentation tank is equipped with siphon inlets at different depths.

[0013] Furthermore, a turbidity sensor is installed below the siphon inlet in the sedimentation tank to detect the turbidity of the water in the sedimentation tank.

[0014] Furthermore, the sedimentation tank is equipped with several ultrasonic vibrating rods. After the flocculant is added, the ultrasonic vibrating rods are activated. Under the action of ultrasound, the flocculation speed and sedimentation speed are increased, the suspended solids concentration in the sedimentation tank is reduced, and the volume utilization rate of the sedimentation tank is increased.

[0015] Furthermore, the flocculant additive also includes a silo, an air compressor, a mixing tank, and a delivery pump. The silo has an outlet, and a metering feeder is installed on the outlet. The metering feeder is connected to the powder intake port of a Venturi nozzle via a pipe. The air compressor has a triple unit, which is connected to the air inlet of the Venturi nozzle via the triple unit. The Venturi nozzle is also connected to a dilution water pipe. The Venturi nozzle is connected to the feed inlet of the mixing tank. A delivery pump is installed at the outlet of the mixing tank, and the delivery pump is connected to an annular spray pipe.

[0016] Furthermore, the hopper is equipped with a vibrator and a level gauge.

[0017] Furthermore, an electromagnetic flow meter is installed on the dilution water pipe.

[0018] Furthermore, the vacuum filter is a disc-type vacuum filter or a belt-type vacuum filter.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0020] This utility model discloses a sludge flocculation and sedimentation device. Through the sloping structure of the sedimentation tank, the design of multi-stage stirring propellers and Teflon coating, combined with the method of adding flocculant by ring spraying and a three-stage filtration system with replaceable filter screens, it effectively improves the sedimentation efficiency of sludge, reduces filter clogging problems, and lowers equipment maintenance costs. It has the advantages of improving sedimentation efficiency, reducing filter clogging and lowering maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Sedimentation tank; 11. Slope; 12. Outlet; 13. Sewage propeller; 14. Agitator propeller; 15. Siphon pipe; 16. Inclined screen plate; 17. Fixed baffle; 18. Movable baffle; 2. Flocculant additive; 21. Silo; 22. Metering feeder; 23. Air compressor; 24. Venturi nozzle; 25. Dilution water pipe; 26. Mixing tank; 27. Transfer pump; 28. Annular spray pipe; 3. Primary filter box; 31. Filter screen; 32. Slurry pump; 4. Vacuum filter. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Similar elements in different embodiments are referred to by related similar element reference numerals. In the following embodiments, many details are described to facilitate a better understanding of the present application. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that some features may be omitted in different situations, or may be replaced by other elements, materials, or methods. In some cases, certain operations related to the present application are not shown or described in the specification. This is to avoid obscuring the core parts of the present application with excessive description. For those skilled in the art, detailed description of these related operations is not necessary; they can fully understand the related operations based on the description in the specification and general technical knowledge in the art.

[0024] Furthermore, the features, operations, or characteristics described in the specification can be combined in any suitable manner to form various embodiments, and the operational steps involved in each embodiment can also be rearranged or adjusted in a manner that is obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the specification and drawings are only for clearly describing a particular embodiment and do not imply that they represent the necessary components and / or order.

[0025] The serial numbers assigned to components in this document, such as "first" and "second," are used only to distinguish the described objects and have no sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage" used in this application, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages).

[0026] In existing technologies, flocculation sedimentation is commonly used for treating mineral sludge, but traditional equipment is mostly designed for ordinary wastewater. Conventional sedimentation tanks with flat bottoms result in uneven sediment accumulation, and flocculant spraying systems often involve single-point injection, leading to uneven mixing. Filtration processes typically use single-stage filters, which cannot handle the large particle size variations in mineral sludge. Existing equipment generally suffers from severe scaling on tank walls, high solids content in the effluent, and low filtration efficiency when treating highly viscous mineral sludge.

[0027] To address the aforementioned issues, the research and development process revealed that the settling efficiency of sludge is constrained by both mixing uniformity and sedimentation rate. Traditional mixing devices exhibit poor mixing effects in the vertical direction, leading to incomplete flocculation. A gradient mixing device can enhance the contact between sludge and flocculant at different depths. To address the high solids content in the wastewater, a siphon system is used to extract the supernatant in layers, avoiding disturbance of the sedimentation layer. To solve the problem of low filtration efficiency, a multi-stage progressive filtration system is designed to extend the filter screen's lifespan.

[0028] Example:

[0029] This application discloses a sludge flocculation and sedimentation device, including a sedimentation tank 1, a flocculant additive 2, a primary filter box 3, and a vacuum filter 4.

[0030] The sedimentation tank 1 is made of concrete or welded steel plates. The bottom of the sedimentation tank 1 has a slope 11. The slope means that the bottom of the sedimentation tank 1 is an inclined plane. In order to collect sediment, the angle of the slope is generally greater than 25°. The slope is used to guide the sediment to gather towards the outlet 12.

[0031] A water outlet 12 with a sewage discharge propeller 13 is provided on the side of the bottom of the slope. The sewage discharge propeller 13 can be driven by a variable frequency motor to clear blockages in the water outlet 12 and assist in sludge discharge.

[0032] Agitator propellers 14 are arranged at different depths within the settling tank 1. These agitator propellers 14 refer to agitators arranged in layers along the height of the tank, and can be arranged in an alternating manner to achieve gradient mixing of sludge and flocculant. The agitator propellers 14 are driven by a motor, which is located outside the settling tank 1. The drive shaft of the agitator propellers 14 passes through the tank wall of the settling tank 1 and is connected to the motor.

[0033] The sedimentation tank 1 is equipped with no fewer than two siphon pipes 15. The siphon pipes 15 are made of spring rubber tubing, steel pipe, etc., and refer to drainage devices distributed circumferentially along the sedimentation tank 1. They can have inlets at different heights for stratified extraction of clarified liquid. The arrangement of inlets at different heights means multiple suction points are arranged vertically along the sedimentation tank 1. This can be achieved by pre-embedding multiple sets of independent pipes in the tank wall, with each set of pipe inlets located at different heights from the liquid surface. The inlet of the siphon pipe 15 refers to the fluid extraction end structure connecting to the siphon system. This can be achieved using a flared structure with anti-clogging design, such as installing a filter screen with a pore size of 0.5-1.0 mm at the inlet.

[0034] After flocculation, the sludge in settling tank 1 forms a clear liquid layer, a transition liquid layer, and a sediment layer from top to bottom. By using inlets located at different heights within the tank, the siphon pipes for the corresponding liquid layers can be selectively opened.

[0035] When the upper clarified liquid reaches the predetermined transparency, the high-level inlet is activated first to extract the upper liquid; when flocculation occurs in the middle liquid, the process switches to the middle inlet to treat the transition layer; when a turbid interface appears above the sedimentation layer, the low-level inlet is activated to accelerate the discharge of the underflow. Each inlet is controlled by an independent valve, and data is monitored in real time by a turbidity sensor to achieve precise control of the stratified suction. The configuration of multiple inlets at different depths allows for the selection of the optimal suction layer based on real-time operating conditions, avoiding disturbance to the existing sedimentation structure.

[0036] A turbidity sensor is installed below the inlet of the siphon pipe 15 inside the sedimentation tank 1. A turbidity sensor is a device that can detect the concentration of suspended particulate matter in water. Specifically, it can be implemented using an online sensor based on the principle of optical scattering, reflecting the degree of water clarity by outputting an electrical signal in real time. This turbidity sensor is installed directly below the inlet to ensure that the monitoring data is synchronized with the water drawn by the siphon.

[0037] The turbidity sensor is fixed 5-20 cm directly below the inlet of the siphon 15 and connected to the control system via a waterproof cable. When the siphon 15 is running, the turbidity sensor continuously collects turbidity data of the water near the inlet and transmits the signal to the central processing unit.

[0038] The turbidity sensor also detects the turbidity of the initial liquid. Based on the data from the turbidity sensor, the system automatically adjusts the nozzle flow rate of the flocculant additive 2 or the rotation speed of the agitator propeller 14, for example, increasing the flocculant dosage by 10%-15% while simultaneously increasing the rotation speed of the intermediate agitator propeller 14 to 200-300 rpm. Through the stratified monitoring mechanism, differentiated control strategies can be implemented for water layers of different depths, avoiding a decrease in treatment efficiency caused by premature discharge of upper clear water or mixing of lower sludge.

[0039] The inner wall of sedimentation tank 1 is coated with a Teflon coating containing alumina, with a coating thickness of 3-10 mm. The Teflon coating containing alumina refers to a composite coating in which alumina particles are added to polytetrafluoroethylene material. It can be applied by spraying and is used to enhance the wear resistance and anti-adhesion properties of the tank wall.

[0040] Multiple ultrasonic vibrators are installed inside settling tank 1. An ultrasonic vibrator is a device that converts high-frequency electrical signals into mechanical vibrations using a piezoelectric ceramic transducer, specifically driven by an ultrasonic generator with a frequency range of 20kHz to 40kHz. Its function is to disrupt the adsorption forces between sludge particles through cavitation, promoting the full binding of flocculant and particles. Vibration energy distribution refers to stratifying the ultrasonic vibrators along the height of the settling tank, for example, installing them in the upper, middle, and bottom parts of settling tank 1 to achieve full coverage of the sludge suspension. This eliminates the vibration attenuation zones present in traditional mechanical agitation, ensuring uniform disturbance to sludge at different depths.

[0041] The high-frequency vibration waves generated by the ultrasonic vibrator create periodic compression and expansion in the sludge suspension, prompting directional collisions between fine particles and flocculant molecules, thus accelerating floc formation. The shear force generated by the vibration waves maintains the pore structure between flocs, preventing premature formation of a dense layer due to gravity settling, thereby increasing the solid-liquid separation rate. By distributing the vibrator three-dimensionally along the settling tank 1, the sludge in each area of ​​the tank is subjected to high-frequency micro-amplitude disturbance, avoiding uneven particle aggregation or accumulation in localized areas due to insufficient energy.

[0042] The cavitation effect of ultrasound can continuously break down the electrostatic adsorption between particles, a characteristic that conventional stirring equipment cannot achieve.

[0043] A tilted screen plate 16 is installed on the settling tank 1. The tilt angle of the screen plate 16 is 30-45°. This tilted structure accelerates the rolling separation of solid particles through gravity, while the screen surface is self-cleaned by water flow. The tilted screen plate 16 is replaceable, meaning that the screen plate is fixed in the settling tank 1 by bolt connection or slide rail snap-fit, specifically using quick-release flanges or modular slot structures. This design allows the screen plate to be quickly replaced with screens of different apertures according to the particle size distribution characteristics of the sludge, and facilitates the maintenance and replacement of worn parts.

[0044] The settling tank 1 has fixed baffles 17 on both sides of the inclined screen plate 16. The fixed baffles 17 are rigid support structures perpendicular to the edges of the inclined screen plate 16. Specifically, they can be metal plates fixed to the inner wall of the settling tank with bolts. They are used to limit the lateral displacement of the screen plate and enhance the overall structural stability. The fixed baffles 17 are symmetrically arranged along the length of the inclined screen plate 16, and their height covers the side area of ​​the screen plate. During the flow of sludge, they form a lateral constraint to prevent the screen plate from shifting or vibrating due to impact.

[0045] A movable baffle 18 is installed at the bottom. The movable baffle 18 is an adjustable opening and closing device located at the bottom edge of the inclined screen plate 16. Specifically, it can be implemented using a sliding gate structure combined with a guide rail and locking mechanism. It controls the gap between the bottom of the screen plate 16 and the bottom of the settling tank 1 and adjusts the flow channel of the sludge. The movable baffle 18 moves vertically via a manual or electric drive mechanism, adjusting the bottom gap according to the particle size distribution of the sludge. Larger particles are blocked above the screen plate, while particles meeting the size requirements pass through the gap into the subsequent treatment area. When the gap is fully open, the sludge accumulated at the bottom is discharged along the slope under gravity, preventing blockage.

[0046] The flocculant additive 2 includes an annular spray pipe 18 with downward-facing nozzles arranged at equal intervals, and also includes a silo 21, an air compressor 22, a mixing tank 26, and a delivery pump 27. The silo 21 is a conical silo with an outlet at the bottom. The silo 21 is equipped with a vibrator and a level gauge. The vibrator is a device that breaks the adhesion between materials through mechanical vibration; it can be an electromagnetic vibrator or a pneumatic vibrator. Its function is to eliminate the arched agglomeration or bridging phenomenon formed by the flocculant powder in the silo 21 through periodic vibration. The level gauge is a sensor used to detect the material level in the silo; it can be a radio frequency admittance level gauge or an ultrasonic level gauge. Its function is to achieve dynamic data acquisition of the inventory level by monitoring changes in material height in real time.

[0047] The vibrator is installed on the outer wall or internal support structure of the silo 21. When obstruction of material flow is detected, the vibrator generates high-frequency, low-amplitude vibrations, reducing the friction between the flocculant powder and the silo wall, allowing the material to regain its fluidity under gravity. The level gauge is vertically installed on the top or side wall of the silo 21. It detects the material surface position by emitting signals. When the material level falls below a preset threshold, the level gauge sends a signal to the control system to trigger a replenishment operation. The vibrator and level gauge are linked through a control module, automatically activating the corresponding functional module when material flow is obstructed or the material level is insufficient.

[0048] A metering feeder 22 is installed at the outlet of the silo 21. The metering feeder 22 is a screw metering device driven by a variable frequency motor to precisely control the amount of powder added. The metering feeder 22 is connected to the powder intake port of the Venturi nozzle 24 through a pipeline. The Venturi nozzle 24 is a reducing pipe consisting of an air inlet, a mixing chamber, a powder intake port, and a diffuser. Its working principle is that compressed air is injected at high speed into the throat from the air inlet. According to Bernoulli's principle, a strong vacuum (negative pressure) is generated at the powder intake port, drawing the powder into the mixing chamber. Here, the powder is vigorously and thoroughly mixed with air and simultaneously injected dilution water to form a uniform slurry.

[0049] Air compressor 23 has a triple unit, which is a compressed air processing unit consisting of an air filter, a pressure regulating valve and an oil mist lubricator. Specifically, it can be implemented using modular components to stabilize the air source pressure and purify the gas.

[0050] The triple unit is connected to the air inlet of the Venturi nozzle 24 via a pipe, and the Venturi nozzle 24 is also connected to a dilution water pipe.

[0051] The dilution water pipe 25 refers to the pipe used to transport process water. It can be made of corrosion-resistant plastic pipe. An electromagnetic flow meter is installed on the dilution water pipe 25. An electromagnetic flow meter is a device that measures the flow rate of conductive liquids based on the Faraday principle of electromagnetic induction. It can be implemented using a tubular structure with a ring magnetic field. Its characteristic of having no moving mechanical parts avoids interference from impurities in the sludge treatment environment. This device detects the induced electromotive force through electrodes and converts the flow velocity signal into a standard electrical signal output for real-time monitoring of the dilution water flow rate.

[0052] An electromagnetic flowmeter is installed at the connection between the dilution water pipe 25 and the Venturi nozzle 24. It collects the water flow velocity signal in the pipe in real time and transmits the flow data to the control system. The control system compares the actual flow rate with the preset value and adjusts the opening of the electric regulating valve on the pipe to achieve dynamic compensation of the dilution water flow rate. Because the electromagnetic flowmeter is unaffected by fluid density, viscosity, and impurity sedimentation, it can continuously and stably output accurate flow data in the sludge treatment environment, ensuring that the flocculant and dilution water are mixed in the set ratio.

[0053] The water flow provided by the dilution pipe 25 forms a preliminary mixture with the powder in the venturi nozzle 24.

[0054] The Venturi nozzle 24 is connected to the inlet of the mixing tank 26. The mixing tank 26 is a closed container with a stirring function, which can be implemented by a vertical tank structure. The dissolution of flocculant is promoted by extending the mixing time.

[0055] The outlet of the mixing tank 26 is equipped with a transfer pump 27, which is a power device for transporting the mixture. Specifically, a corrosion-resistant centrifugal pump can be used. Its outlet pressure can be adjusted to meet the spraying requirements. The transfer pump is connected to the annular spray pipe 28.

[0056] Solid flocculant is precisely metered from silo 21 by metering feeder 22 and enters the powder intake port of Venturi nozzle 24. Compressed air is processed by a triple unit to form a stable airflow, creating negative pressure at the throat of Venturi nozzle 24 to adsorb the powder. Dilution water is injected into the diffuser section of Venturi nozzle 24 through a pipeline, forming a gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixture with the powder and compressed air. The mixed slurry enters mixing tank 26 for secondary stirring. The dissolved flocculant solution is pressurized by delivery pump 27 and delivered to annular spray pipe 28. During this process, metering feeder 22 and dilution water flow form a closed-loop control to ensure a constant powder-liquid mixing ratio. Turbulence in mixing tank 26 eliminates undissolved particles, and delivery pump 27 maintains a stable spray pressure.

[0057] The synergistic effect of pneumatic conveying and hydraulic mixing is achieved through the Venturi nozzle 24, combined with the multi-stage processing of the metering feeder 22 and the mixing tank 26, effectively solving the problem of powder dispersion. Compared with a single stirring and mixing method, this three-stage mixing process significantly improves the flocculant dissolution efficiency.

[0058] The annular spray pipe 28 refers to the annular pipe installed around the top of the sedimentation tank. It can be made of stainless steel and is used to achieve full coverage spraying of flocculant.

[0059] The primary filter box 3 has a built-in three-stage replaceable filter screen 32 with decreasing pore size, which is connected to the outlet 11 of the sedimentation tank 1. Each compartment of the primary filter box 3 is equipped with a mud pump 32 and a vacuum filter 4 at the bottom. The mud pump 32 is connected to the vacuum filter 4.

[0060] Vacuum filter 4 is either a disc vacuum filter or a belt vacuum filter.

[0061] A disc vacuum filter is a filtration device consisting of multiple horizontally arranged rotating filter discs. Specifically, it can be implemented using a disc structure with ceramic filter plates or rubber filter cloth. Vacuum suction forces the sludge to form a thin filter cake on the surface of the filter discs, resulting in continuous dewatering. A belt vacuum filter is a device that uses a ring-shaped filter belt to carry the sludge and completes dewatering in a vacuum suction zone. Specifically, it can be implemented using a rubber or polyester filter belt in conjunction with a vacuum chamber structure, suitable for continuous dewatering of thick layers of sludge.

[0062] Disc-type vacuum filters use rotating filter discs that alternately enter a slurry tank to adsorb mineral mud. Under vacuum, a uniform filter cake is formed. The filter cake rotates with the filter discs to the discharge zone where it is scraped off by a scraper, achieving efficient thin-layer dewatering of fine-particle mineral mud. Belt-type vacuum filters use a horizontally moving filter belt to carry mineral mud, creating a stable negative pressure in the vacuum suction zone. This allows for rapid separation of water from thick layers of mineral mud, making them suitable for dewatering mineral mud containing coarse particles or high solids content. The difference between the two types is based on the particle size distribution and solids content parameters of the mineral mud. For example, a disc structure is preferred for fine-particle mineral mud to increase filtration speed, while a belt structure is used for mineral mud containing coarse particles to avoid filter cloth clogging.

[0063] This utility model discloses a sludge flocculation and sedimentation device. Its working principle is as follows: After the sludge enters the sedimentation tank 1, the bottom slope 11 accelerates the movement of the sediment towards the outlet 12. The sludge discharge propeller 13 continuously operates to prevent outlet blockage and simultaneously pushes the settled sludge towards subsequent treatment stages. Stirring propellers 14 arranged at different depths create turbulence in the vertical direction, promoting full contact between the flocculant and the sludge. The siphon pipe 15 selects inlets at different heights according to the thickness of the sedimentation layer to extract the supernatant; the Teflon coating containing alumina reduces the adhesion and residue of sludge on the tank wall. The annular spray pipe 28 evenly sprays flocculant downwards through equidistant nozzles, forming a mist-like covering layer. The primary filter box 3 contains three-stage filter screens that sequentially intercept large particles of impurities; the replaceable design facilitates maintenance. The filtered sludge flows through an outlet trough into a vacuum filter 4 for deep dewatering.

[0064] This utility model discloses a sludge flocculation and sedimentation device, which enables the rapid formation of the solid-liquid interface during sludge sedimentation, reduces waste caused by excessively high local concentrations of flocculant, and effectively prevents drainage pipe blockage. The three-stage filtration system reduces the load on the vacuum filter, the Teflon coating reduces the tank cleaning frequency by more than 40%, and gradient stirring shortens the flocculation reaction time by 30%. The overall solution improves sludge dewatering efficiency by 25% and stably controls the tailings moisture content below 18%.

[0065] The above-described specific examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains can make various simple deductions, modifications, or substitutions based on the concept of this invention.

Claims

1. A slime flocculation and settling apparatus characterised in that include: The sedimentation tank has a sloping bottom, and an outlet is provided on the side of the bottom of the slope. A sewage discharge propeller is provided at the outlet. Several stirring propellers are provided at different depths in the sedimentation tank. No less than two siphon pipes are provided on the sedimentation tank. The inner wall of the sedimentation tank is coated with a Teflon coating with added alumina. A flocculant additive device, wherein the flocculant additive device has an annular spray pipe, and nozzles are equally spaced on the annular spray pipe, the annular spray pipe is located above the sedimentation tank, and the nozzles face downward; A primary filter box contains three stages of filters with progressively smaller pore sizes. These filters are replaceable. Each compartment of the primary filter box is equipped with a mud pump at its bottom. A vacuum filter, wherein the mud pump is connected to the vacuum filter.

2. A mineral slurry flocculation and sedimentation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: An inclined screen plate is installed on the sedimentation tank, and the inclined screen plate is replaceable.

3. A mineral slurry flocculation and sedimentation apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: The sedimentation tank is equipped with fixed baffles on both sides of the inclined screen plate and movable baffles at the bottom.

4. A mineral slurry flocculation and sedimentation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The sedimentation tank is equipped with siphon inlets at different depths.

5. A mineral slurry flocculation and sedimentation apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein: A turbidity sensor is installed inside the sedimentation tank below the siphon inlet.

6. A mineral slurry flocculation and sedimentation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The sedimentation tank is equipped with several ultrasonic vibrating rods.

7. A mineral slurry flocculation and sedimentation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The flocculant additive also includes a silo, an air compressor, a mixing tank, and a delivery pump. The silo has an outlet, and a metering feeder is installed on the outlet. The metering feeder is connected to the powder intake port of a Venturi nozzle via a pipe. The air compressor has a triple unit, which is connected to the air inlet of the Venturi nozzle via the triple unit. The Venturi nozzle is also connected to a dilution water pipe. The Venturi nozzle is connected to the feed inlet of the mixing tank. A delivery pump is installed at the outlet of the mixing tank, and the delivery pump is connected to an annular spray pipe.

8. A mineral slurry flocculation and sedimentation apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein: The silo is equipped with a vibrator and a level gauge.

9. A mineral slurry flocculation and sedimentation apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein: An electromagnetic flow meter is installed on the dilution water pipe.

10. A mineral slurry flocculation and sedimentation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The vacuum filter is either a disc-type vacuum filter or a belt-type vacuum filter.

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