A flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device
By pretreating the flue gas and designing efficient desulfurization and denitrification components, the problem of insufficient contact time was solved, the desulfurization and denitrification effect and equipment adaptability were improved, and the operating cost was reduced.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NINGXIA XINJIANG ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-04
AI Technical Summary
Existing desulfurization and denitrification technologies do not pre-treat the flue gas before it comes into contact with the desulfurization and denitrification components, resulting in insufficient contact time, which affects the desulfurization and denitrification effect. In addition, the equipment is complex, has high operating costs, and poor adaptability.
The pretreatment device includes components such as a cooling tank, a cyclone dust collector, a desulfurization reaction tower, and a denitrification tank. The flue gas is pretreated to reduce the temperature and remove large dust particles. The contact time is extended by using an inclined spray seat, and lime liquid reacts fully with the flue gas. Ammonia water evaporates into a gaseous state and mixes with the flue gas. Combined with electron beam reaction, the reaction effect is further improved, ensuring the activity of the catalyst under high temperature conditions.
It improves the contact efficiency and reaction effect between flue gas and desulfurization and denitrification components, enhances the stability and efficiency of desulfurization and denitrification, reduces operating costs, and has better adaptability.
Smart Images
Figure CN224585677U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of air purification technology, specifically to a flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device. Background Technology
[0002] In modern industrial production, various combustion equipment, such as coal-fired power plants, steel mills, cement plants, and chemical enterprises, produce large amounts of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). x Industrial flue gas contains pollutants that are a major source of air pollution. Direct emissions can cause serious environmental damage, such as acid rain and smog, and also have negative impacts on human health. Therefore, desulfurization and denitrification of industrial flue gas has become an important issue in the environmental protection field. Currently, there are various desulfurization and denitrification technologies on the market, but some problems still need to be solved in practical applications.
[0003] Most existing desulfurization and denitrification technologies on the market have some shortcomings, especially in terms of pretreatment and contact time between flue gas and desulfurization / denitrification components. Due to the large flow rate and high temperature of industrial flue gas, traditional desulfurization and denitrification devices directly contact the untreated flue gas with the components. Furthermore, the contact time often fails to ensure sufficient contact between the flue gas and the absorbent or catalyst, resulting in unsatisfactory desulfurization and denitrification effects. For example, in wet desulfurization, insufficient contact time between flue gas and limestone slurry may lead to inadequate SO2 removal; and in selective catalytic reduction (SCR) denitrification, insufficient contact time between flue gas and catalyst can affect NO removal. x In addition to the conversion efficiency, some technologies also suffer from problems such as complex equipment, high operating costs, and poor adaptability to flue gas conditions, which further limit their widespread application in actual industrial scenarios.
[0004] Therefore, a flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device is proposed. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device, comprising a flue pipe and an exhaust fan, one end of the flue pipe being connected to a cooling tank, the interior of the cooling tank being connected to a heat exchanger, the output end of the cooling tank being connected to a cyclone dust collector, the exhaust end of the cyclone dust collector being connected to a connecting pipe, the other end of the connecting pipe being connected to a desulfurization reaction tower, a temperature control unit being provided on one side of the desulfurization reaction tower, and a spray holder with an inclined inner wall being installed inside the desulfurization reaction tower, through which flue gas is sprayed downwards to increase the reaction time, and the spray holder being continuously connected to one end of the connecting pipe. Multiple fixed nozzles are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the reactor. A lime liquid desulfurization component is installed above the fixed nozzles. The output end of the desulfurization reaction tower is connected to a denitrification tank with a jacket inside. A denitrification component using ammonia gas is installed above the inner wall of the denitrification tank. A denitrification catalyst is installed below the denitrification component. Matching flow equalization plates are installed at the input end of the heat exchanger and the output end of the denitrification component to ensure the uniformity of gas flow distribution. An electron beam reaction tank is connected to the output end of the denitrification tank. Multiple electron guns are evenly distributed from bottom to top on the inner wall of the electron beam reaction tank. A heating component and an oxidation gas inlet system are connected to one side of the jacket.
[0007] Preferably, both flow equalization plates are fixedly installed on the cooling tank, and the denitrification catalyst is fixedly connected inside the denitrification tank. The denitrification catalyst adopts a honeycomb or plate structure to increase the specific surface area and improve the reaction efficiency.
[0008] Preferably, the desulfurization assembly includes a spray station fixedly installed above the inner wall of the desulfurization reaction tower. Multiple rotating nozzles are evenly distributed at the bottom of the spray station. The top of the spray station is connected to a feeding pipe. The other end of the feeding pipe passes through the desulfurization reaction tower and is connected to a circulating pump. The input end of the circulating pump is connected to a storage tank. The feed end of the storage tank is connected to the interior of the desulfurization reaction tower.
[0009] Preferably, the denitrification assembly includes a spray head fixedly installed above the inner wall of the denitrification tank. The input end of the spray head is connected to a metering pump, the input end of the metering pump is connected to an evaporator, and the input end of the evaporator is connected to an ammonia storage tank. Ammonia water is converted into gaseous ammonia by the evaporator and quantitatively delivered to the inside of the denitrification tank by the metering pump to fully mix with the flue gas. The mixed flue gas passes through the denitrification catalyst for a catalytic reaction, where ammonia reacts with NO. x A selective catalytic reduction reaction occurs, producing harmless nitrogen gas (N2) and water vapor (H2O).
[0010] Preferably, the heating assembly includes a heating pipe that is connected through the jacket, and the other end of the heating pipe is connected through the inlet end of the flue gas inlet pipe to increase the temperature of the flue gas after desulfurization by utilizing residual heat. A heater is connected to the outer wall of the heating pipe to raise the flue gas to a suitable temperature for catalyst reaction. The flue gas after heat exchange returns to the inlet end of the flue gas inlet pipe through a pipeline.
[0011] Preferably, the output end of the electron beam reaction vessel is connected to an electrostatic precipitator, and the output end of the electrostatic precipitator is connected in a through connection with the input end of the exhaust fan.
[0012] Preferably, the dust outlet end of the cyclone dust collector is connected to a dust discharge pipe, which facilitates the pretreatment of large dust particles contained in the flue gas and improves the subsequent treatment effect.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0014] 1. This utility model pre-treats the flue gas before desulfurization and denitrification by reducing the flue gas temperature through a heat exchanger, removing large dust particles from the flue gas with a cyclone dust collector, and controlling the downward direction of the fixed nozzles by an inclined spray seat inside the desulfurization reaction tower to increase the contact time between the flue gas and the lime liquid in the removal component. At the same time, the evaporator converts ammonia water into a gaseous state and mixes it with the flue gas in a mist state, increasing the contact time and contact area with the catalyst and improving the reaction effect. In addition, the electron beam emitted by the electron gun 24 fully reacts with the flue gas, further improving the reaction effect of desulfurization and denitrification.
[0015] 2. Secondly, the heating component is used. Since the denitrification reaction can only be carried out efficiently under certain high temperature conditions, the heating component can first heat the flue gas to a suitable temperature through the heater. This is the optimal activity temperature range of the SCR catalyst. The pretreated flue gas reacts with the denitrification component and the denitrification catalyst, improving the stability of the reaction.
[0016] 2. This utility model, through the setting of the feeding pipe, circulating pump and storage tank in the desulfurization component, allows limestone liquid to be sprayed out through the spray seat and rotating nozzle to react with the flue gas. The lime water particles that are in full contact fall into the bottom of the desulfurization reaction tower under their own weight and flow into the interior of the storage tank. With the help of the circulating pump, it is transported back into the interior of the desulfurization reaction tower for reuse, thereby saving processing costs. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main desulfurization structure of this utility model;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main denitrification structure of this utility model;
[0019] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cooling tank of this utility model;
[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the desulfurization reaction tower of this utility model.
[0021] In the diagram: 1. Flue gas inlet pipe; 2. Cooling tank; 3. Flow equalization plate; 4. Heat exchanger; 5. Cyclone dust collector; 6. Connecting pipe; 7. Desulfurization reaction tower; 8. Temperature control unit; 9. Spray base; 10. Fixed nozzle; 11. Spray platform; 12. Rotary nozzle; 13. Feed pipe; 14. Circulating pump; 15. Storage tank; 16. Oxidation air intake system; 17. Denitrification tank; 18. Spray head; 19. Denitrification catalyst; 20. Metering pump; 21. Evaporator; 22. Ammonia storage tank; 23. Electron beam reaction tank; 24. Electron gun; 25. Electrostatic precipitator; 26. Exhaust fan; 27. Heating tube; 28. Heater; 29. Dust discharge pipe. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0023] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1-4This utility model provides a technical solution: a flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device, including a flue pipe 1 and an exhaust fan 26. One end of the flue pipe 1 is connected to a cooling tank 2, and a heat exchanger 4 is connected inside the cooling tank 2. The output end of the cooling tank 2 is connected to a cyclone dust collector 5, and the exhaust end of the cyclone dust collector 5 is connected to a connecting pipe 6. The other end of the connecting pipe 6 is connected to a desulfurization reaction tower 7. A temperature control unit 8 is provided on one side of the desulfurization reaction tower 7. A spray seat 9 with an inclined inner wall is installed inside the desulfurization reaction tower 7. The flue gas is sprayed downward to increase the reaction time. The spray seat 9 is connected to one end of the connecting pipe 6. Multiple fixed nozzles 10 are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the spray seat 9. A lime liquid desulfurization solution is provided above the fixed nozzles 10. The desulfurization reaction tower 7 is connected to a jacketed denitrification tank 17. A denitrification component utilizing ammonia is located above the inner wall of the denitrification tank 17, and a denitrification catalyst 19 is located below the component. Both the input end of the heat exchanger 4 and the output end of the denitrification component are equipped with matching flow equalization plates 3 to ensure uniform gas flow distribution. An electron beam reaction tank 23 is connected to the output end of the denitrification tank 17. Multiple electron guns 24 are evenly distributed from bottom to top on the inner wall of the electron beam reaction tank 23. A heating component and an oxidation inlet system 16 are connected to one side of the jacket. Under electron beam radiation, ammonia reacts with oxidized nitrogen oxides to produce byproducts such as ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate, thereby achieving the removal of NO from the flue gas. x The efficient removal of nitrogen oxides is achieved by controlling the electron beam irradiation time between 0.1 and 0.5 seconds to ensure the full progress of the denitrification reaction, while avoiding energy waste and increased side reactions caused by excessive radiation.
[0024] In this embodiment, both flow equalization plates 3 are fixedly installed on the cooling tank 2, and the denitration catalyst 19 is fixedly connected inside the denitration tank 17. The denitration catalyst 19 adopts a honeycomb or plate structure to increase the specific surface area and improve the reaction efficiency.
[0025] In this embodiment, the desulfurization assembly includes a spray station 11 fixedly installed above the inner wall of the desulfurization reaction tower 7. Multiple rotating nozzles 12 are evenly distributed at the bottom of the spray station 11. The top of the spray station 11 is connected to a feeding pipe 13. The other end of the feeding pipe 13 passes through the desulfurization reaction tower 7 and is connected to a circulation pump 14. The input end of the circulation pump 14 is connected to a storage tank 15. The feed end of the storage tank 15 is connected to the interior of the desulfurization reaction tower 7.
[0026] In this embodiment, the denitrification assembly includes a spray head 18 fixedly installed above the inner wall of the denitrification tank 17. The input end of the spray head 18 is connected to a metering pump 20, the input end of the metering pump 20 is connected to an evaporator 21, and the input end of the evaporator 21 is connected to an ammonia storage tank 22. Ammonia water is converted into gaseous ammonia by the evaporator 21 and quantitatively delivered to the inside of the denitrification tank 17 by the metering pump 20 to fully mix with the flue gas. The mixed flue gas passes through the denitrification catalyst 19 for a catalytic reaction, where ammonia reacts with NO.x A selective catalytic reduction reaction occurs, generating harmless nitrogen gas (N2) and water vapor (H2O). Ammonia water or urea solution is then transported to evaporator 21 via a precise metering pump 20, where it is converted into gaseous ammonia. The gaseous ammonia is then uniformly sprayed into the SCR reactor through a special flow equalization plate 3, where it is fully mixed with the flue gas. The design of the flow equalization plate 3 should ensure the uniform distribution of ammonia in the flue gas, avoiding areas with excessively high or low ammonia concentrations, which would affect the denitrification effect and reduce the occurrence of side reactions.
[0027] In this embodiment, the heating assembly includes a heating pipe 27 that is connected to the jacket. The other end of the heating pipe 27 is connected to the inlet end of the flue gas inlet pipe 1. The residual heat is used to increase the temperature of the flue gas after desulfurization. A heater 28 is connected to the outer wall of the heating pipe 27 to raise the flue gas to a suitable temperature for the catalyst reaction. The flue gas after heat exchange returns to the inlet end of the flue gas inlet pipe 1 through the pipeline. The flue gas is heated to 300℃-420℃ by the heater 28 or heat exchanger. This is the optimal activity temperature range of the SCR catalyst, which improves the reaction effect.
[0028] In this embodiment, the output end of the electron beam reaction vessel 23 is connected to an electrostatic precipitator 25, and the output end of the electrostatic precipitator 25 is connected to the input end of the exhaust fan 26. The flue gas after electron beam radiation denitrification contains a large amount of fine powdery byproducts ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate mixture. These byproducts are collected by the electrostatic precipitator 25 for convenient later resource utilization.
[0029] In this embodiment, the dust outlet end of the cyclone dust collector 5 is connected to a dust discharge pipe 29, which facilitates the pretreatment of large dust particles contained in the flue gas and improves the subsequent treatment effect.
[0030] The working principle is as follows: In actual use, the equipment is first started. High-temperature flue gas containing sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides enters the cooling tank 2 through the flue gas inlet pipe 1. Inside the cooling tank 2, the heat exchanger 4 cools the flue gas. The cooled flue gas then enters the cyclone dust collector 5. The cyclone dust collector 5 pre-treats the large dust particles in the flue gas through the dust discharge pipe 29. The treated flue gas then enters the desulfurization reaction tower 7 through the connecting pipe 6. In the desulfurization reaction tower 7, the inner wall of the spray seat 9 is inclined, and the fixed nozzle 10 sprays the flue gas downwards, extending the contact time with the desulfurization components. The limestone slurry in the storage tank 15 is sprayed out from the rotating nozzle 12 at the bottom of the spray station 11 through the circulation pump 14 and the feeding pipe 13, reacting fully with the flue gas to remove sulfur dioxide. The reacted limestone slurry... The liquid falls into the bottom of the desulfurization reaction tower 7 and flows into the storage tank 15. It is then circulated by the circulation pump 14. The desulfurized flue gas enters the denitrification tank 17. The ammonia water in the ammonia storage tank 22 is converted into gaseous ammonia by the evaporator 21 and quantitatively delivered to the spray head 18 by the metering pump 20. It is sprayed into the denitrification tank 17 and fully mixed with the flue gas. The mixed flue gas passes through the honeycomb or plate-shaped denitrification catalyst 19. The ammonia gas and nitrogen oxides undergo a selective catalytic reduction reaction to generate nitrogen gas and water vapor. Finally, it enters the electron beam reaction tank 23 with the denitrified flue gas. The electron gun 24 emits an electron beam to react with the flue gas, further removing pollutants. The reacted flue gas enters the electrostatic precipitator 25. The electrostatic precipitator 25 collects fine powder and granular by-products. The purified flue gas is discharged by the exhaust fan 26.
[0031] The heating components operate as needed. The heating tube 27 uses the residual heat of the flue gas in the inlet pipe 1 to increase the temperature of the flue gas after desulfurization. The heater 28 heats the flue gas to the optimal activity temperature range of the denitrification catalyst, which is 300℃-420℃. The flue gas after heat exchange returns to the inlet end of the inlet pipe 1 through the pipeline to ensure that the denitrification reaction proceeds efficiently.
[0032] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device, comprising a flue gas inlet pipe (1) and an exhaust fan (26), characterized in that: One end of the flue gas inlet pipe (1) is connected to a cooling tank (2), and a heat exchanger (4) is connected inside the cooling tank (2). The output end of the cooling tank (2) is connected to a cyclone dust collector (5), and the exhaust end of the cyclone dust collector (5) is connected to a connecting pipe (6). The other end of the connecting pipe (6) is connected to a desulfurization reaction tower (7). A temperature control unit (8) is provided on one side of the desulfurization reaction tower (7). A spray seat (9) with an inclined inner wall is installed inside the desulfurization reaction tower (7). The flue gas is sprayed downward to increase the reaction time. The spray seat (9) is connected to one end of the connecting pipe (6). Multiple fixed nozzles (10) are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the spray seat (9). A lime liquid desulfurization component is provided above the fixed nozzle (10). The output end of the desulfurization reaction tower (7) is connected to the denitrification tank (17) with a jacket inside. A denitrification component using ammonia is provided above the inner wall of the denitrification tank (17). A denitrification catalyst (19) is provided below the denitrification component. A matching flow equalization plate (3) is provided at the input end of the heat exchanger (4) and the output end of the denitrification component to ensure the uniformity of gas flow distribution. An electron beam reaction tank (23) is connected to the output end of the denitrification tank (17). Multiple electron guns (24) are evenly distributed from bottom to top on the inner wall of the electron beam reaction tank (23). A heating component and an oxidation gas inlet system (16) are connected to one side of the jacket.
2. The flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both flow equalization plates (3) are fixedly installed on the cooling tank (2), and the denitrification catalyst (19) is fixedly connected inside the denitrification tank (17). The denitrification catalyst (19) adopts a honeycomb or plate structure to increase the specific surface area and improve the reaction efficiency.
3. The flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The desulfurization assembly includes a spray station (11) fixedly installed above the inner wall of the desulfurization reaction tower (7). Multiple rotating nozzles (12) are evenly distributed at the bottom of the spray station (11). The top of the spray station (11) is connected to a feeding pipe (13). The other end of the feeding pipe (13) passes through the desulfurization reaction tower (7) and is connected to a circulating pump (14). The input end of the circulating pump (14) is connected to a storage tank (15). The feed end of the storage tank (15) is connected to the interior of the desulfurization reaction tower (7).
4. The flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The denitrification assembly includes a spray head (18) fixedly installed above the inner wall of the denitrification tank (17). The input end of the spray head (18) is connected to a metering pump (20), and the input end of the metering pump (20) is connected to an evaporator (21). The input end of the evaporator (21) is connected to an ammonia storage tank (22). Ammonia water is converted into gaseous ammonia through the evaporator (21) and quantitatively delivered to the inside of the denitrification tank (17) by the metering pump (20) to fully mix with the flue gas. The mixed flue gas passes through the denitrification catalyst (19) for catalytic reaction, and the ammonia reacts with NO. x A selective catalytic reduction reaction occurs, producing harmless nitrogen gas (N2) and water vapor (H2O).
5. The flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating assembly includes a heating pipe (27) that is connected to the jacket. The other end of the heating pipe (27) is connected to the inlet end of the flue gas pipe (1) to increase the temperature of the flue gas after desulfurization by using residual heat. A heater (28) is connected to the outer wall of the heating pipe (27) to increase the temperature of the flue gas to a suitable catalyst reaction temperature. The flue gas after heat exchange returns to the inlet end of the flue gas pipe (1) through the pipeline.
6. The flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The output end of the electron beam reaction vessel (23) is connected to an electrostatic precipitator (25), and the output end of the electrostatic precipitator (25) is connected to the input end of the exhaust fan (26).
7. The flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust outlet end of the cyclone dust collector (5) is connected to a dust discharge pipe (29), which facilitates the pretreatment of large dust particles contained in the flue gas and improves the subsequent treatment effect.