Non-powered multi-stage cyclone classifier and mineral processing system

Abstract

This utility model discloses a non-powered multi-stage hydrocyclone classifier and mineral processing system. The classifier includes a first hydrocyclone, a second hydrocyclone, and a third hydrocyclone; the diameter of the first hydrocyclone is smaller than that of the second hydrocyclone but larger than that of the third hydrocyclone. The overflow port of the first hydrocyclone is higher than and connected to the feed port of the second hydrocyclone; the sand discharge port of the second hydrocyclone is higher than and connected to the feed port of the third hydrocyclone; the overflow ports of the second and third hydrocyclones are connected to the feed port of the stirring device. The non-powered multi-stage hydrocyclone classifier proposed in this utility model achieves precise control of the classification of grinding products by connecting multiple hydrocyclones in series, thereby greatly reducing the probability of coarse particles being washed away and effectively improving the qualified rate of feed fineness and the final flotation recovery rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of mineral processing technology, specifically relating to a grading device and a mineral processing system. Background Technology

[0002] Ore flotation relies on the degree of liberation of individual minerals. Only when the target mineral is fully separated from the gangue (liberation) can the collector selectively adsorb onto the surface of the target mineral, achieving effective separation. If liberation is insufficient, the minerals exist in the form of intergrowths, which can easily lead to the target mineral being encapsulated or carried away by the gangue, reducing flotation efficiency and concentrate grade.

[0003] The existing grinding and flotation process involves the ore first undergoing closed-circuit grinding and classification, followed by the overflow from the classification into the flotation stage. With increasing ore mining depth, especially due to changes in ore properties in some areas, the valuable minerals have finer particle sizes, and the content of gold encapsulated in fine particles increases. For this portion of the ore, the grinding and classification fineness needs to reach over 60% to ensure flotation recovery. However, current production only uses one set of Φ660 hydrocyclones, and multiple hydrocyclones share a single distribution box. This leads to uneven distribution during operation, causing coarse particles to escape from hydrocyclones with higher slurry throughput. Consequently, the required classification fineness cannot be met, and the flotation recovery rate cannot be guaranteed. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model proposes a non-powered multi-stage cyclone classifier and mineral processing system, the purpose of which is to solve the problem that existing classification equipment is prone to coarse particles when the throughput is large and cannot meet the requirements for classification fineness.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: A non-powered multi-stage cyclone classifier includes a first cyclone, a second cyclone, and a third cyclone; the diameter of the first cyclone is smaller than the diameter of the second cyclone and larger than the diameter of the third cyclone. The feed inlet of the first hydrocyclone is connected to the discharge outlet of the grinding unit; the overflow outlet of the first hydrocyclone is higher than and connected to the feed inlet of the second hydrocyclone; the sand outlet of the second hydrocyclone is higher than and connected to the feed inlet of the third hydrocyclone; the overflow outlets of the second and third hydrocyclones are connected to the feed inlet of the stirring unit; the sand outlets of the first and third hydrocyclones are both higher than and connected to the feed inlet of the grinding unit.

[0006] As a further improvement to the aforementioned non-powered multi-stage cyclone classifier, it also includes a sieve for removing impurities; the overflow port of the second cyclone is connected to the inlet of the sieve for removing impurities, and the outlet of the sieve for removing impurities is connected to the inlet of the mixing device.

[0007] As a further improvement to the aforementioned non-powered multi-stage cyclone grading device, it also includes a receiving trough; the first overflow pipe connected to the overflow port of the first cyclone is a 180° bend, and the discharge end of the first overflow pipe is located above the receiving trough; the opening at the bottom of the receiving trough is connected to the inlet of the second cyclone through a pipeline.

[0008] As a further improvement to the aforementioned non-powered multi-stage cyclone classifier: a second overflow pipe is installed on the upper part of the receiving trough, and the discharge end of the second overflow pipe is connected to the overflow trough of the first cyclone separator.

[0009] As a further improvement to the aforementioned unpowered multi-stage cyclone grading device: the second cyclone is inclined, with the angle between its axis and the horizontal plane being 20° to 40°.

[0010] As a further improvement to the aforementioned unpowered multi-stage cyclone grading device: the angle between the axis of the second cyclone separator and the horizontal plane is 30°.

[0011] This utility model also discloses a mineral processing system, including a grinding device, a classifying device, a stirring device, and a flotation device. The fine-grained slurry outlet of the classifying device is connected to the feed inlet of the stirring device, and the coarse-grained slurry outlet is connected to the feed inlet of the grinding device. The discharge outlet of the stirring device is connected to the feed inlet of the flotation device. The classifying device is the aforementioned non-powered multi-stage cyclone classifying device. The discharge port of the grinding unit is connected to the inlet of the classifying unit via a conveying device.

[0012] As a further improvement to the mineral processing system, the conveying device includes a pumping pipeline from the discharge port of the grinding unit to the feed port of the first hydrocyclone, and also includes a pump pool and a pumping device installed on the pumping pipeline.

[0013] As a further improvement to the mineral processing system, the flotation device includes a roughing device, a primary scavenging device, a secondary scavenging device, and a cleaning device; The feed inlet of the roughing unit is the feed inlet of the flotation unit; The concentrate inlet of the roughing device is connected to the feed inlet of the fine-selecting device; The tailings inlet of the roughing device is connected to the feed inlet of the primary scavenging device; The concentrate outlet of the refining device is used to output concentrate; The tailings outlet of the fine separation device is connected to the feed inlet of the roughing device; The concentrate inlet of the primary scavenging device is connected to the feed inlet of the roughing device; The tailings inlet of the primary scavenging device is connected to the feed inlet of the secondary scavenging device; The concentrate inlet of the secondary scavenging device is connected to the feed inlet of the primary scavenging device; The tailings outlet of the secondary scavenging device is used to output tailings.

[0014] As a further improvement to the mineral processing system, the grinding device is a ball mill.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The non-powered multi-stage cyclone classifier proposed in this utility model uses a series of multi-stage cyclones to precisely control the classification of grinding products, thereby greatly reducing the probability of coarse particles being carried away and effectively improving the qualified rate of feed fineness and the final flotation recovery rate.

[0016] 2. The second hydrocyclone is installed at an angle, which not only takes up little space, but also ensures that the overflow part flows smoothly to the impurity removal screen.

[0017] 3. The large-diameter second hydrocyclone is used for sedimentation classification, with a larger throughput. It then guides the unqualified coarse-grained product into the small-diameter third hydrocyclone, where it performs specialized coarse-grained separation. The two work together to achieve multi-stage hydrocyclone classification, improving the pass rate of fineness of the feed material.

[0018] 4. The three-stage hydrocyclone of this invention utilizes the height difference to achieve gravity flow, and no power is required during the grading process. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment connection relationship of the mineral processing system of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a site layout diagram of the grading device of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a process flow diagram of the mineral processing system of this utility model.

[0020] The reference numerals in the figures include: 1. Grinding device; 2. First hydrocyclone; 3. Second hydrocyclone; 4. Impurity removal screen; 5. Stirring device; 6. Third hydrocyclone; 7. Roughing device; 8. Primary scavenging device; 9. Cleaning device; 10. Secondary scavenging device; 11. Feeding trough; 12. Pump pool; 13. Pumping device. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Example 1

[0022] This embodiment discloses a non-powered multi-stage cyclone classifier in a mineral processing system.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The non-powered multi-stage cyclone classifier includes a first cyclone 2, a second cyclone 3, a third cyclone 6, and a removal screen 4.

[0024] The diameter of the first hydrocyclone 2 is smaller than the diameter of the second hydrocyclone 3, but larger than the diameter of the third hydrocyclone 6. In this embodiment, the first hydrocyclone 2 is a Φ660 hydrocyclone, the second hydrocyclone 3 is a Φ840 hydrocyclone, and the third hydrocyclone 6 is a Φ250 hydrocyclone.

[0025] The feed inlet of the first hydrocyclone 2 is used to connect with the discharge outlet of the grinding device 1.

[0026] The overflow port of the first hydrocyclone 2 is higher than and connected to the inlet of the second hydrocyclone 3. Specifically, it also includes a receiving trough 11, which is a square box measuring 1.5m × 1.8m × 1.5m. The first overflow pipe connected to the overflow port of the first hydrocyclone 2 is a 180° bend, and the discharge end of the first overflow pipe is located above the receiving trough 11. The opening at the bottom of the receiving trough 11 is connected to the inlet of the second hydrocyclone 3 through a Φ300 pipe. Furthermore, a second overflow pipe is installed on the upper part of the receiving trough 11, and the discharge end of the second overflow pipe is connected to the overflow trough of the first hydrocyclone 2 to prevent slurry from overflowing when the pipe is blocked.

[0027] The sand discharge port of the second hydrocyclone 3 is higher than and connected to the feed port of the third hydrocyclone 6. The second hydrocyclone 3 is inclined, and the angle between its axis and the horizontal plane is 20° to 40°, preferably 30°.

[0028] The overflow ports of the second hydrocyclone 3 and the third hydrocyclone 6 are connected to the feed inlet of the stirring device 5. Specifically, the overflow port of the second hydrocyclone 3 is connected to the feed inlet of the impurity removal screen 4, and the discharge port of the impurity removal screen 4 is connected to the feed inlet of the stirring device 5. The overflow port of the third hydrocyclone 6 is directly connected to the feed inlet of the stirring device 5.

[0029] The sand discharge ports of both the first hydrocyclone 2 and the third hydrocyclone 6 are higher than and connected to the feed inlet of the grinding unit 1. The preferred diameter of the sand discharge port of the third hydrocyclone 6 is Φ20-30mm.

[0030] In this embodiment, the first hydrocyclone 2, the receiving trough 11, the second hydrocyclone 3 and the impurity removal screen 4 are installed on the higher first platform, the third hydrocyclone 6 is installed on the middle second platform, and the grinding device 1 is installed on the lower third platform. Example 2

[0031] This embodiment discloses a mineral processing system based on Embodiment 1, which includes a grinding device 1, a classifying device, a stirring device 5, and a flotation device.

[0032] The classification device is the non-powered multi-stage cyclone classification device in Example 1. Its fine-particle slurry output port (the discharge port of the impurity removal screen 4 and the overflow port of the third cyclone 6) is connected to the feed port of the stirring device 5, and its coarse-particle slurry output port (the sand discharge port of the first cyclone 2 and the sand discharge port of the third cyclone 6) is connected to the feed port of the grinding device 1.

[0033] The grinding device 1 is a ball mill, and its discharge port is connected to the feed port of the classifying device through a conveying device. The conveying device includes a pumping pipeline from the discharge port of the grinding device 1 to the feed port of the first hydrocyclone 2, and also includes a pump tank 12 and a pumping device 13 installed on the pumping pipeline.

[0034] The discharge port of the stirring device 5 is connected to the feed port of the flotation device.

[0035] The flotation apparatus includes a roughing device 7, a primary scavenging device 8, a secondary scavenging device 10, and a cleaning device 9. Specifically: the feed inlet of the roughing device 7 is the feed inlet of the flotation apparatus. The concentrate outlet of the roughing device 7 is connected to the feed inlet of the cleaning device 9. The tailings outlet of the roughing device 7 is connected to the feed inlet of the primary scavenging device 8. The concentrate outlet of the cleaning device 9 is used to output concentrate. The tailings outlet of the cleaning device 9 is connected to the feed inlet of the roughing device 7. The concentrate outlet of the primary scavenging device 8 is connected to the feed inlet of the roughing device 7. The tailings outlet of the primary scavenging device 8 is connected to the feed inlet of the secondary scavenging device 10. The concentrate outlet of the secondary scavenging device 10 is connected to the feed inlet of the primary scavenging device 8. The tailings outlet of the secondary scavenging device 10 is used to output tailings.

[0036] like Figure 3 During operation, the raw ore enters the ball mill of grinding unit 1 for crushing. The slurry after grinding is pressurized by pumping device 13 and pump pool 12, and then transported to the feed inlet of the first hydrocyclone 2. The slurry undergoes centrifugal separation in the first hydrocyclone 2: the underflow discharges from the bottom underflow port due to gravity, and returns to the grinding unit 1 for re-grinding by gravity due to the height difference of the platform. The overflow flows into the receiving tank 11 through a 180° bend. The receiving tank 11 acts as a buffer and stabilizer. The slurry flows naturally into the feed inlet of the second hydrocyclone 3 from its bottom pipe. If the pipe is blocked, the excess slurry flows back to the overflow tank of the first hydrocyclone 2 through the second overflow pipe. In the inclined second hydrocyclone 3, the underflow slides down the inclined wall to the underflow port, and enters the feed inlet of the third hydrocyclone 6 by gravity due to the height difference. The overflow (qualified fine slurry) enters the impurity removal screen 4, and after impurities are removed, it is transported to the stirring device 5. The slurry undergoes final separation in the third hydrocyclone 6. The underflow is discharged through the underflow port and returned to the grinding unit 1, while the overflow (ultrafine target minerals) directly enters the stirring unit 5.

[0037] The mixing device 5 mixes the classified fine-grained slurry with reagents and conveys it to the flotation system: the slurry first enters the roughing unit 7, the produced concentrate is sent to the cleaning unit 9 for purification, and the tailings enter the primary scavenging unit 8 to recover residual minerals. The primary scavenging unit 8 processes the roughing tailings, the resulting concentrate is returned to the roughing unit 7 for further processing, and the tailings then enter the secondary scavenging unit 10. The secondary scavenging unit 10 further recovers the tailings, the resulting concentrate is returned to the primary scavenging unit 8, and the final tailings (waste) are discharged from the system. Simultaneously, the cleaning unit 9 processes the roughing concentrate, the final concentrate (product) is directly output, and the resulting tailings are returned to the roughing unit 7 for further processing.

[0038] Thus, the raw ore has achieved efficient mineral separation and recovery through a closed-loop process of "grinding-multi-stage cyclone classification-flotation".

[0039] Experimental results show that after using an 840 hydrocyclone to control the overflow of the original 660 hydrocyclone for classification, the system's coarseness problem was significantly improved, and the grinding fineness was effectively increased. Among them, the 250 hydrocyclone exhibited excellent classification performance, with the underflow concentration stably maintained at 76% and the underflow rate constant at 7.8 t / h without affecting the ball mill's processing capacity. The overall system performance was significantly optimized after the modification: the qualified feed fineness rate continued to improve, the flotation recovery rate increased by 0.18 percentage points, and the concentrate grade increased by 4.13 g / t, achieving a comprehensive improvement in the grinding-classification system's efficiency.

[0040] It should be noted that, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, this utility model is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this utility model. The scope of this utility model is defined by the claims rather than the foregoing description.

Claims

1. A passive multi-stage cyclonic classification device characterised in that: It includes a first hydrocyclone (2), a second hydrocyclone (3) and a third hydrocyclone (6); the diameter of the first hydrocyclone (2) is smaller than the diameter of the second hydrocyclone (3) and larger than the diameter of the third hydrocyclone (6); The feed inlet of the first hydrocyclone (2) is connected to the discharge outlet of the grinding device (1); the overflow outlet of the first hydrocyclone (2) is higher than and connected to the feed inlet of the second hydrocyclone (3); the sand outlet of the second hydrocyclone (3) is higher than and connected to the feed inlet of the third hydrocyclone (6); the overflow outlets of the second hydrocyclone (3) and the third hydrocyclone (6) are connected to the feed inlet of the stirring device (5); the sand outlets of the first hydrocyclone (2) and the third hydrocyclone (6) are both higher than and connected to the feed inlet of the grinding device (1).

2. The unpowered multi-stage cyclone classifier as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sieve for removing impurities (4); the overflow port of the second hydrocyclone (3) is connected to the inlet of the sieve for removing impurities (4), and the outlet of the sieve for removing impurities (4) is connected to the inlet of the stirring device (5).

3. The non-powered multi-stage cyclone classifier as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a receiving trough (11); the first overflow pipe connected to the overflow port of the first hydrocyclone (2) is a 180° bend, and the discharge end of the first overflow pipe is located above the receiving trough (11); the opening at the bottom of the receiving trough (11) is connected to the inlet of the second hydrocyclone (3) through a pipeline.

4. The unpowered multi-stage cyclone classifier as described in claim 3, characterized in that: A second overflow pipe is installed on the upper part of the receiving trough (11), and the discharge end of the second overflow pipe is connected to the overflow trough of the first hydrocyclone (2).

5. The non-powered multi-stage cyclone classifier as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The second hydrocyclone (3) is set at an angle, with the angle between its axis and the horizontal plane being 20° to 40°.

6. The unpowered multi-stage cyclone classifier as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The angle between the axis of the second hydrocyclone (3) and the horizontal plane is 30°.

7. A mineral processing system comprising a grinding device (1), a classifying device, a stirring device (5), and a flotation device, wherein the fine-grained slurry outlet of the classifying device is connected to the feed inlet of the stirring device (5), the coarse-grained slurry outlet is connected to the feed inlet of the grinding device (1), and the discharge outlet of the stirring device (5) is connected to the feed inlet of the flotation device, characterized in that: The classifying device is a non-powered multi-stage vortex classifying device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; The discharge port of the grinding device (1) is connected to the inlet of the classifying device through a conveying device.

8. The mineral processing system as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The conveying device includes a pumping pipeline from the outlet of the grinding device (1) to the inlet of the first hydrocyclone (2), and also includes a pump pool (12) and a pumping device (13) installed on the pumping pipeline.

9. The mineral processing system as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The flotation device includes a roughing device (7), a primary scavenging device (8), a secondary scavenging device (10), and a cleaning device (9). The feed inlet of the roughing device (7) is the feed inlet of the flotation device; The concentrate inlet of the roughing device (7) is connected to the feed inlet of the fine-selecting device (9); The tailings outlet of the roughing device (7) is connected to the feed inlet of the primary scavenging device (8); The concentrate outlet of the refining device (9) is used to output concentrate; The tailings outlet of the fine separation device (9) is connected to the feed inlet of the roughing device (7); The concentrate inlet of the primary scavenging device (8) is connected to the feed inlet of the roughing device (7); The tailings outlet of the primary scavenging device (8) is connected to the feed inlet of the secondary scavenging device (10); The concentrate inlet of the secondary scavenging device (10) is connected to the feed inlet of the primary scavenging device (8); The tailings outlet of the secondary scavenging device (10) is used to output tailings.

10. The mineral processing system as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The grinding device (1) is a ball mill.

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