Fiber laser cutting machine capable of preventing deformation of plate

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of optical fiber laser cutting machines of preventing board deformation, including cabin, laser cutting machine, moving box and laser emission head, the bottom of the cabin is provided with fixed ring cover, the bottom of the fixed ring cover is provided with bottom ring, the fixed ring cover is at the outer side of the laser emission head, the irradiation direction of the laser emission head corresponds with the aperture center vertical direction of the fixed ring cover and the bottom ring, rotating tooth ring is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed ring cover, four connecting rods are installed in the bottom of the rotating tooth ring, four The connecting rod is installed in the top end of the bottom ring, the bottom of the bottom ring is provided with two pressing plates, and there is a gap between the two pressing plates;By the elastic force of compression spring, the periphery of the cutting area of the board is tightly attached, forming continuous and uniform mechanical constraint, the expansion range of the region is limited by extrusion pressing plate, prevent the board from warping deformation to cutting line side.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fiber laser cutting machine technology, specifically a fiber laser cutting machine that prevents sheet metal deformation. Background Technology

[0002] Fiber laser cutting machines, using fiber lasers as their core light source, work by converting electrical energy into high-power near-infrared laser light. This light is transmitted through a flexible fiber to the cutting head, where a focusing lens converges it into a tiny spot that acts on the material surface. The high energy density of the laser causes localized melting or vaporization of the material, while auxiliary gas removes the molten slag, ultimately completing the cutting process. However, in actual metal sheet cutting, the high energy concentration of the laser beam causes a rapid and instantaneous temperature rise in the cutting area. Since different parts of the material have different heat conduction rates, a significant temperature gradient forms within the sheet. This temperature gradient causes a mismatch between localized thermal expansion and surrounding contraction, resulting in uneven distribution of thermal stress within the sheet. When this thermal stress exceeds the material's yield strength, it can lead to warping, dents, and edge deformation. Especially for thin metal sheets, this deformation severely affects the dimensional accuracy and assembly performance of parts, increases the cost and complexity of subsequent correction processes, and can even cause some high-requirement parts to be scrapped, hindering the further promotion and application of fiber laser cutting machines in high-end manufacturing.

[0003] Therefore, this utility model provides a fiber laser cutting machine that prevents deformation of sheet metal. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides a fiber laser cutting machine that prevents sheet metal deformation, aiming to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a fiber laser cutting machine for preventing sheet metal deformation, comprising a machine cabin, a laser cutting machine tool, a moving box, and a laser emitting head. A fixed ring cover is provided at the bottom of the machine cabin, and a bottom ring is provided at the bottom of the fixed ring cover. The fixed ring cover is located outside the laser emitting head. The irradiation direction of the laser emitting head corresponds perpendicularly to the center of the aperture of the fixed ring cover and the bottom ring. A rotating toothed ring is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed ring cover. Four connecting rods are installed at the bottom of the rotating toothed ring, and all four connecting rods are installed at the top of the bottom ring. Two pressure plates are provided at the bottom of the bottom ring, with a gap between the two pressure plates. Compression springs are installed between the bottom ring and the two pressure plates.

[0006] Preferably, an L-shaped mounting bracket is installed on one side of the fixing ring cover. The L-shaped mounting bracket is attached to the inside of the mobile box and is installed inside the mobile box by two fixing bolts.

[0007] Preferably, a protective housing is installed on one side of the fixed ring cover, a drive gear is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the protective housing, a servo motor that drives the drive gear is installed on the top of the protective housing, and the drive gear is meshed with the outer side of the rotating gear ring.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of moving balls are installed at the bottom of the pressure plate, and the pressure plate slides on the top surface of the metal plate by the plurality of moving balls.

[0009] Preferably, guide rods are installed at the top of both pressure plates, and the compression springs are sleeved on the outer side of the corresponding guide rods. The guide rods pass through the bottom ring and are inserted into the inner wall of the corresponding connecting rods.

[0010] Preferably, two limiting rods are installed at the top of the two pressure plates, and a limiting end plate is fixedly connected to the top of the limiting rods. The limiting end plate is in contact with the top surface of the bottom ring.

[0011] Beneficial effects

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0013] This invention utilizes two pressure plates that are tightly fitted to the periphery of the cutting area of ​​the sheet metal under the elastic force of a compression spring, forming a continuous and uniform mechanical constraint. The pressure plates limit the expansion range of this area by squeezing, preventing thermal expansion from transmitting pushing force to the uncut area and avoiding stress concentration caused by local bulging. When the material cools and shrinks rapidly after cutting, the reverse pressure of the pressure plates can offset the tensile stress generated by the shrinkage, preventing the sheet metal from warping and deforming towards the cutting line. This improves the dimensional accuracy and assembly performance of the parts, reduces the cost of subsequent correction processes, and helps expand the application of the equipment in the field of high-end manufacturing. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is the utility model Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 This is the utility model Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional enlarged structural diagram of the components such as the fixing ring cover and the bottom ring in this utility model;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission between the rotating gear ring and the drive gear in this utility model.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Cabin; 11. Laser cutting machine tool; 12. Moving box; 13. Laser emitter head; 2. Fixed ring cover; 21. Rotating gear ring; 22. Connecting rod; 23. L-shaped mounting bracket; 231. Fixing bolt; 24. Protective shell; 25. Drive gear; 26. Servo motor; 3. Bottom ring; 31. Pressure plate; 311. Moving ball; 32. Compression spring; 33. Guide rod; 34. Limiting rod; 341. Limiting end plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] Please see Figure 1-6 A fiber laser cutting machine for preventing sheet metal deformation includes a machine compartment 1, a laser cutting machine tool 11, a moving box 12, and a laser emitting head 13. A fixed ring cover 2 is provided at the bottom of the machine compartment 1, and a bottom ring 3 is provided at the bottom of the fixed ring cover 2. The fixed ring cover 2 is located outside the laser emitting head 13. The irradiation direction of the laser emitting head 13 corresponds to the vertical direction of the center of the aperture of the fixed ring cover 2 and the bottom ring 3. A rotating toothed ring 21 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed ring cover 2. Four connecting rods 22 are installed at the bottom of the rotating toothed ring 21. All four connecting rods 22 are installed at the top of the bottom ring 3. Two pressure plates 31 are provided at the bottom of the bottom ring 3. There is a gap between the two pressure plates 31. Compression springs 32 are installed between the bottom ring 3 and the two pressure plates 31.

[0023] It should be noted that the rotating toothed ring 21 described in this embodiment drives the two pressure plates 31 to rotate through the connecting rod 22 and the bottom ring 3, so that the gap direction between the two pressure plates 31 is always consistent with the travel direction of the laser emitting head 13.

[0024] Specifically, when the fiber laser cutting machine for preventing sheet deformation is working, the laser emitter 13 emits a high-power laser beam, which, after focusing, acts on the surface of the sheet to achieve cutting. Simultaneously, the fixing ring 2 moves synchronously with the laser emitter 13, and its internal rotating gear ring 21 rotates under the action of the drive mechanism. This rotation, via four connecting rods 22, drives the bottom ring 3 and the two bottom pressure plates 31 to rotate synchronously, ensuring that the gap between the two pressure plates 31 always remains consistent with the direction of travel of the laser emitter 13, thus avoiding obstruction of the laser beam or interference with the cutting path. During the cutting process, the two pressure plates 31, under the elastic force of the compression spring 32, tightly adhere to the periphery of the sheet cutting area, forming a continuous and uniform mechanical constraint. When the laser beam causes the cutting area of ​​the sheet to heat up instantaneously and thermally expand, the pressure plates 31 limit the expansion amplitude of that area by squeezing, preventing... The pressure plate 31 prevents the thermal expansion from transferring the pushing force to the uncut area, thus avoiding stress concentration caused by local bulging. When the material cools and contracts rapidly after cutting, the reverse pressure of the pressure plate 31 can offset the tensile stress generated by the contraction, preventing the sheet from warping towards the cutting line. For thin metal sheets, this follow-up extrusion can be precisely applied to the heat-affected zone, balancing the uneven thermal stress caused by the temperature gradient through mechanical force, thus suppressing deformations such as warping and dents from the source. Compared with traditional equipment, this structure, through the design of "real-time following + elastic pressure + directional avoidance", not only ensures the continuity of the cutting process, but also effectively solves the problem of sheet deformation caused by thermal processing stress by continuously constraining and controlling the incoordination of thermal expansion and contraction. This improves the dimensional accuracy and assembly performance of parts, reduces the cost of subsequent correction processes, and helps expand the application of the equipment in the field of high-end manufacturing.

[0025] In one embodiment of this utility model, such as Figures 1-6 As shown, an L-shaped mounting bracket 23 is installed on one side of the fixed ring cover 2. The L-shaped mounting bracket 23 is attached to the inside of the mobile box 12 and is installed inside the mobile box 12 by two fixing bolts 231.

[0026] Specifically, the L-shaped mounting bracket 23 is attached to the inside of the movable box 12 and is securely installed inside the movable box 12 by means of two fixing bolts 231, so that the fixing ring cover 2 can form a whole with the movable box 12 and move synchronously with the movement of the movable box 12, thereby ensuring that the fixing ring cover 2 and its related components can always follow the movement trajectory of the laser emitting head 13, and continuously and effectively squeeze and constrain the plate material around the cutting area during the laser cutting process to suppress plate deformation.

[0027] In one embodiment of this utility model, such as Figures 1-6 As shown, a protective housing 24 is installed on one side of the fixed ring cover 2. A drive gear 25 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the protective housing 24. A servo motor 26 that drives the drive gear 25 is installed on the top of the protective housing 24. The drive gear 25 is meshed with the outer side of the rotating gear ring 21.

[0028] Specifically, when the servo motor 26 starts, it drives the drive gear 25 connected to it to rotate. Since the drive gear 25 meshes with the outer side of the rotating gear ring 21, the rotation of the drive gear 25 will drive the rotating gear ring 21 to rotate on the inner wall of the fixed ring cover 2. After the rotating gear ring 21 rotates, it drives the bottom ring 3 and pressure plate 31 to rotate through the connecting rod 22, so that the gap direction between the two pressure plates 31 is always consistent with the travel direction of the laser emitter head 13, providing power and motion basis for the subsequent pressing of the plate material around the cutting area by the pressure plate 31 to prevent deformation.

[0029] In one embodiment of this utility model, such as Figures 1-6 As shown, a number of moving balls 311 are installed at the bottom of the pressure plate 31, and the pressure plate 31 slides on the top surface of the metal plate through the number of moving balls 311.

[0030] Specifically, when the pressure plate 31 moves with the laser emitting head 13 and compresses and constrains the sheet metal around the cutting area, the moving ball 311 can convert the sliding friction between the pressure plate 31 and the metal plate into rolling friction. This design significantly reduces the friction between the pressure plate 31 and the sheet metal surface when the pressure plate 31 moves, which not only avoids scratches on the sheet metal surface caused by excessive friction, but also reduces the resistance during the movement of the pressure plate 31, allowing the pressure plate 31 to follow the trajectory of the laser emitting head 13 more smoothly. This ensures that while continuously applying stable compressive force to the sheet metal, it does not interfere with the accuracy of the cutting path, further guaranteeing the suppression effect on sheet metal deformation caused by thermal stress.

[0031] In one embodiment of this utility model, such as Figures 1-6 As shown, guide rods 33 are installed at the top of both pressure plates 31, and compression springs 32 are sleeved on the outside of the corresponding guide rods 33. The guide rods 33 pass through the bottom ring 3 and are inserted into the inner wall of the corresponding connecting rod 22.

[0032] Specifically, when the pressure plate 31 contacts the sheet material, the compression spring 32 is compressed and undergoes elastic deformation. Its elastic force is evenly transmitted to the pressure plate 31 through the guide rod 33, ensuring that the pressure plate 31 applies a stable and vertical compressive force to the sheet material. The guide rod 33 restricts the deformation direction of the compression spring 32 on the one hand, avoiding uneven pressure caused by spring deviation; on the other hand, it guides the pressure plate 31 to always move vertically, preventing it from shifting laterally or tilting during the rotation and movement of the bottom ring 3, ensuring that the pressure plate 31 always remains in contact with the surface of the sheet material, thereby stably exerting the compressive constraint effect on the sheet material around the cutting area and enhancing the effect of suppressing thermal stress deformation.

[0033] In one embodiment of this utility model, such as Figures 1-6As shown, two limiting rods 34 are installed at the top of the two pressure plates 31. The top of the limiting rods 34 is fixedly connected to the limiting end plate 341, and the limiting end plate 341 is in contact with the top surface of the bottom ring 3.

[0034] Specifically, the limiting rod 34 moves synchronously with the pressure plate 31, further assisting the guide rod 33 in maintaining the vertical movement trajectory of the pressure plate 31, preventing it from tilting or deviating during rotation and movement, ensuring that the pressure plate 31's extrusion force on the plate remains within a reasonable range, effectively suppressing deformation caused by thermal processing stress, and avoiding new deformation problems caused by additional mechanical stress. The limiting end plate 341 prevents the pressure plate 31 from detaching from below the bottom ring 3.

[0035] Furthermore, any content not described in detail in this specification is existing technology known to those skilled in the art.

[0036] Working principle: The fixing ring cover 2 is securely installed inside the moving box 12 by the L-shaped mounting bracket 23 and the fixing bolt 231, so that the fixing ring cover 2 moves synchronously with the moving box 12 and the laser emitter 13. After the servo motor 26 is started, it drives the drive gear 25 inside the protective shell 24 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating gear ring 21 on the inner wall of the fixing ring cover 2 to rotate. The rotating gear ring 21 drives the bottom ring 3 and the pressure plate 31 to rotate through the connecting rod 22, ensuring that the gap between the two pressure plates 31 is always consistent with the direction of travel of the laser emitter 13, so as to avoid obstructing the laser. During light cutting, the pressure plate 31 adheres to the periphery of the cutting area of ​​the sheet metal under the elastic force of the compression spring 32. The guide rod 33 restricts the spring offset and guides the vertical movement of the pressure plate 31. The limiting rod 34 and the limiting end plate 341 prevent the pressure plate from being pressed down excessively or detached. The moving ball 311 converts sliding friction into rolling friction, reducing resistance and scratches. The pressure plate 31 continuously squeezes to limit the thermal expansion of the cutting area, offsets the cooling contraction tensile stress, balances uneven thermal stress, and inhibits the warping and denting of the sheet metal from the source, improves the precision of the parts, and reduces the correction cost.

[0037] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0038] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fiber laser cutting machine for preventing sheet metal deformation, comprising a machine compartment (1), a laser cutting machine tool (11), a moving box (12), and a laser emitting head (13), characterized in that, The bottom of the cabin (1) is provided with a fixed ring cover (2), and the bottom of the fixed ring cover (2) is provided with a bottom ring (3). The fixed ring cover (2) is located outside the laser emitting head (13). The irradiation direction of the laser emitting head (13) corresponds to the vertical direction of the aperture center of the fixed ring cover (2) and the bottom ring (3). The inner wall of the fixed ring cover (2) is rotatably connected with a rotating toothed ring (21). Four connecting rods (22) are installed at the bottom of the rotating toothed ring (21). All four connecting rods (22) are installed at the top of the bottom ring (3). Two pressure plates (31) are provided at the bottom of the bottom ring (3). There is a gap between the two pressure plates (31). Compression springs (32) are installed between the bottom ring (3) and the two pressure plates (31).

2. The fiber laser cutting machine for preventing sheet metal deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, An L-shaped mounting bracket (23) is installed on one side of the fixed ring cover (2). The L-shaped mounting bracket (23) is attached to the inside of the mobile box (12). The L-shaped mounting bracket (23) is installed inside the mobile box (12) by two fixing bolts (231).

3. A fiber laser cutting machine for preventing sheet metal deformation according to claim 2, characterized in that, A protective shell (24) is installed on one side of the fixed ring cover (2). A drive gear (25) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the protective shell (24). A servo motor (26) that drives the drive gear (25) is installed on the top of the protective shell (24). The drive gear (25) is meshed with the outside of the rotating gear ring (21).

4. A fiber laser cutting machine for preventing sheet metal deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the pressure plate (31) is equipped with a number of moving balls (311), and the pressure plate (31) slides on the top surface of the metal plate through the number of moving balls (311).

5. A fiber laser cutting machine for preventing sheet metal deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Guide rods (33) are installed at the top of both pressure plates (31). The compression spring (32) is sleeved on the outside of the corresponding guide rod (33). The guide rod (33) passes through the bottom ring (3) and is inserted into the inner wall of the corresponding connecting rod (22).

6. A fiber laser cutting machine for preventing sheet metal deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two limiting rods (34) are installed at the top of the two pressure plates (31). The top of the limiting rods (34) is fixedly connected to a limiting end plate (341), and the limiting end plate (341) is in contact with the top surface of the bottom ring (3).

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