Crossbeam vertical turning and milling combined numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of beam vertical lathe-milling composite numerical control machine tools, including workbench, clamping device, milling device, turning device and tool changer. Workbench is equipped with mutually perpendicular Y axis and X axis movement mechanism, clamping device is realized workpiece clamping and Z axis rotation by first spindle mechanism;Milling device is realized multi-degree-of-freedom milling by second spindle mechanism cooperation swingable third spindle mechanism and Z axis movement mechanism;Turning device adopts rotatable switching tool holder structure to realize multi-tool quick switching;Tool changer is independently set, equipped with multiple milling cutter tool magazine and quick tool changer component. The beam vertical lathe-milling composite numerical control machine tool of the utility model realizes lathe-milling composite machining by integration design, with compact structure, good rigidity, higher machining accuracy, can complete multi-process machining once clamping, significantly improve machining efficiency and machining quality, especially suitable for efficient precision machining of complex special-shaped parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machine tool technology, and in particular to a crossbeam vertical turning and milling composite CNC machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional vertical turning-milling composite machine tools suffer from low processing efficiency, fragmented processes, and difficulty in guaranteeing accuracy when machining complex workpieces. In existing technologies, turning and milling functions are typically arranged in a separate structure, resulting in a large machine footprint and requiring multiple workpiece clamping and positioning operations. This not only increases auxiliary time but also easily leads to cumulative errors. Especially for irregularly shaped parts requiring multi-faceted machining, existing equipment often lacks multi-axis linkage capabilities, making it difficult to complete all processes in a single clamping. Furthermore, conventional tool changers often use a single tool magazine design, which cannot simultaneously meet the rapid switching requirements of turning and milling tools, severely limiting processing efficiency. Regarding tool changing mechanisms, traditional technologies mostly use mechanical tool changers, which suffer from long tool changing times and unstable positioning accuracy. For machining large workpieces, the beam structure of existing machine tools lacks sufficient rigidity, easily generating vibration during composite machining, affecting the surface finish. Existing spindle mechanisms generally lack multi-degree-of-freedom motion capabilities, making it difficult to achieve efficient machining of complex curved surfaces. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a vertical milling and turning composite CNC machine tool with high integration, good rigidity, and the ability to perform multi-process composite machining, in order to meet the modern manufacturing industry's demand for high-efficiency and high-precision machining. Utility Model Content

[0003] This utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this utility model proposes a beam-type vertical turning and milling composite CNC machine tool, which realizes turning and milling composite machining through integrated design. It has the advantages of compact structure, good rigidity, and high machining accuracy. It can complete multiple machining processes in one clamping, significantly improving machining efficiency and machining quality. It is particularly suitable for the efficient and precision machining of complex and irregular shaped parts.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: A beam-type vertical turning and milling composite CNC machine tool, including The worktable is equipped with a Y-axis motion mechanism arranged along the Y-axis direction and an X-axis motion mechanism located at one end of the Y-axis motion mechanism and arranged along the X-axis direction. The clamping device includes a first spindle mechanism disposed on the Y-axis motion mechanism for clamping the workpiece and capable of driving the workpiece to rotate along the Z-axis. A milling device, mounted on the X-axis motion mechanism, includes a second spindle mechanism for mounting a milling cutter to perform milling on a workpiece, a third spindle mechanism for driving the second spindle mechanism to swing around the Y-axis, and a first Z-axis motion mechanism for driving the third spindle mechanism to move along the Z-axis. A turning device, mounted on the X-axis motion mechanism and located on one side of the milling device, includes a fourth spindle mechanism for mounting a cutting tool to turn a workpiece and a second Z-axis motion mechanism for driving the fourth spindle mechanism to move along the Z-axis. The fourth spindle mechanism includes a cutting tool disc and a first switching motor that drives the cutting tool disc to rotate and switch. A tool changing device is located on the worktable on the other side of the milling device, and includes a tool magazine and a tool changing assembly. The tool magazine is equipped with different milling cutters, and the tool changing assembly is used to change tools for the milling device.

[0005] A beam-type vertical turning-milling composite CNC machine tool according to an embodiment of this utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: The beam-type vertical turning-milling composite CNC machine tool of this utility model effectively solves the problems of low processing efficiency and dispersed processes in traditional machine tools through integrated structural design. The worktable adopts a combined layout of Y-axis and X-axis motion mechanisms, enabling the clamping device, milling device, and turning device to move collaboratively, allowing multiple processing steps to be completed in a single workpiece clamping, significantly reducing auxiliary time and improving processing accuracy. The milling device, through a second spindle mechanism in conjunction with a third spindle mechanism oscillating around the Y-axis and a first Z-axis motion mechanism, achieves multi-degree-of-freedom milling, enabling efficient precision machining of complex curved surfaces. The turning device adopts a rotatable and switchable tool head structure, in conjunction with the first spindle mechanism and the second Z-axis motion mechanism, enabling rapid switching of various turning tools and improving turning efficiency. The independent setting of the tool changing device and the design of multiple milling cutter magazines make milling tool replacement more convenient and reduce downtime. The overall structure has high rigidity, and the beam-type layout effectively suppresses vibration, ensuring processing stability, making it particularly suitable for precision composite machining of large workpieces.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the Y-axis motion mechanism includes a Y-axis slide rail, a first slide table disposed on the Y-axis slide rail, and a Y-axis motor lead screw that drives the first slide table to move along the Y-axis slide rail. The first main shaft mechanism is disposed on the first slide table.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, telescopic covers are provided above the Y-axis slide rail on the front and rear sides of the first slide table.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the X-axis motion mechanism includes an X-axis slide rail, a second slide table erected on the X-axis slide rail, and an X-axis motor lead screw that drives the second slide table to move along the X-axis slide rail. The milling device and the turning device are both mounted on the second slide table.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first Z-axis motion mechanism includes a first Z-axis slide rail disposed on the second slide table, a first lifting platform disposed on the first Z-axis slide rail, a first Z-axis motor lead screw that drives the first lifting platform to move along the first Z-axis slide rail, and the third main shaft mechanism is mounted on the first lifting platform.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the second Z-axis motion mechanism includes a second Z-axis slide rail disposed on the second slide table and parallel to the first Z-axis slide rail, a second lifting platform disposed on the second Z-axis slide rail, a second Z-axis motor lead screw that drives the second lifting platform to move along the second Z-axis slide rail, and the fourth main shaft mechanism is mounted on the second lifting platform.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the tool disc is a regular polygon, and the bottom surface of the tool disc is uniformly provided with tool mounting grooves along the circumference, the tool mounting grooves being used to mount different tools.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the side of the cutting tool disc is further provided with a side tool groove for mounting a cutting tool.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the tool changing device further includes a support frame connected to one side of the worktable, the tool magazine is mounted on the support frame, and the tool changing assembly is mounted on the side of the tool magazine near the milling device.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the tool changing assembly includes a second switching motor and a tool changing rod disposed at the output end of the second switching motor, wherein the tool changing rod is provided with tool clamping slots at both ends for clamping milling cutters.

[0015] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the decomposition process; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the clamping device; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the milling and turning devices with the outer cover removed; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cutting head of a central lathe; Figure 6 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the tool changing device.

[0018] Reference numerals: Worktable 100, Y-axis motion mechanism 110, X-axis motion mechanism 120, first spindle mechanism 130, milling device 140, second spindle mechanism 150, third spindle mechanism 160, first Z-axis motion mechanism 170, turning device 180, fourth spindle mechanism 190, second Z-axis motion mechanism 200, tool disc 210, first switching motor 220, tool changer 230, tool magazine 240, tool changer assembly 250, Y-axis slide rail 260, first slide table 270, telescopic cover 290, X-axis slide rail 300, second slide table 310, first Z-axis slide rail 320, first lifting platform 330, second Z-axis slide rail 340, second lifting platform 350, tool mounting slot 360, side tool slot 370, support frame 380, second switching motor 390, tool changer 400, tool clamping edge 410. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0020] The following is for reference. Figures 1-6 A beam-type vertical turning and milling composite CNC machine tool is described in detail with reference to a specific embodiment. It is to be understood that the following description is merely illustrative and not intended to limit the specific scope of the invention.

[0021] like Figures 1-4As shown, this application proposes a beam-type vertical turning and milling composite CNC machine tool, including a worktable 100, a clamping device, a milling device 140, a turning device 180, and a tool changer 230. The worktable 100 is provided with a Y-axis motion mechanism 110 arranged along the Y-axis direction and an X-axis motion mechanism 120 located at one end of the Y-axis motion mechanism 110 and arranged along the X-axis direction. The clamping device includes a first spindle mechanism 130 arranged on the Y-axis motion mechanism 110 for clamping the workpiece and driving the workpiece to rotate along the Z-axis. The milling device 140 is arranged on the X-axis motion mechanism 120 and includes a second spindle mechanism 150 for mounting milling cutters to perform milling operations on the workpiece, a third spindle mechanism 160 for driving the second spindle mechanism 150 to swing around the Y-axis, and a first Z-axis motion mechanism 170 for driving the third spindle mechanism 160 to move along the Z-axis. The turning device 180 is mounted on the X-axis motion mechanism 120 and located on one side of the milling device 140. It includes a fourth spindle mechanism 190 for mounting turning tools and turning workpieces, and a second Z-axis motion mechanism 200 for driving the fourth spindle mechanism 190 to move along the Z-axis. The fourth spindle mechanism 190 includes a tool disc 210 and a first switching motor 220 for rotating and switching the tool disc 210. The tool changing device 230 is mounted on the worktable 100 on the other side of the milling device 140. It includes a tool magazine 240 and a tool changing assembly 250. The tool magazine 240 is equipped with different milling cutters, and the tool changing assembly 250 is used to change tools for the milling device 140.

[0022] This technical solution addresses the problems of low processing efficiency and fragmented processes in traditional machine tools through integrated structural design. The worktable 100 employs a combined layout of Y-axis and X-axis motion mechanisms 120, enabling coordinated movement of the clamping device, milling device 140, and turning device 180, allowing for multi-process machining of the workpiece in a single clamping operation. The milling device 140 achieves precision machining of complex curved surfaces through a multi-degree-of-freedom motion mechanism, while the turning device 180 utilizes a rotatable and switchable tool head 210 structure to improve turning efficiency. The independent tool changer 230 facilitates easier tool replacement. The overall structure exhibits high rigidity, and the beam-type layout effectively suppresses vibration, ensuring machining stability. Compared to existing technologies, this solution reduces the number of workpiece clamping operations, improves machining accuracy and production efficiency, and is particularly suitable for precision composite machining of large workpieces.

[0023] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the Y-axis motion mechanism 130 includes a Y-axis slide rail 260, a first slide table 270 mounted on the Y-axis slide rail 260, and a Y-axis motor lead screw that drives the first slide table 270 to move along the Y-axis slide rail 260. The first spindle mechanism 130 is mounted on the first slide table 270. Specifically, the Y-axis slide rail 260 adopts a high-precision linear guide structure, and its surface is hardened to improve wear resistance. The first slide table 270 forms a sliding fit with the Y-axis slide rail 260 through a slider, and the slider has circulating balls inside to reduce the coefficient of friction. The Y-axis motor lead screw adopts a preloaded ball screw structure, and the lead screw nut is directly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor through a coupling, thereby achieving micron-level positioning accuracy. As a preferred embodiment, limit switches can be installed on both sides of the Y-axis slide rail 260 to prevent the first slide table 270 from overtraveling. Furthermore, the first slide table 270 and the Y-axis motor lead screw can be rigidly connected through a flange, and the flange is equipped with shock-absorbing pads to absorb vibrations during movement.

[0024] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, telescopic covers 290 are provided on both the front and rear sides of the first slide table 270 above the Y-axis slide rail 260. The telescopic covers 290 can adopt a corrugated or accordion-style structure, made of multi-layered folded material, and can extend and retract synchronously with the movement of the slide table. Specifically, the telescopic covers 290 can be made of rubber, polyurethane, or metal, and dustproof brushes can be installed on the inner side to enhance the sealing effect. As a preferred embodiment, the two ends of the telescopic covers 290 are respectively mounted on the slide rail end and the slide table via fixed frames, and the middle telescopic part is supported by a hinged frame. The telescopic covers 290 effectively solve the problem of traditional open guide rails being easily contaminated by chips and coolant. By arranging the telescopic covers 290 on both the front and rear sides in the direction of slide table movement, a fully enclosed protective structure is formed, which can completely block the splashes generated during machining from entering the guide rail. This not only avoids guide rail wear and decreased motion accuracy caused by chip accumulation, but also significantly reduces maintenance frequency. The synchronous extension and retraction characteristics of the telescopic covers 290 ensure that the protective function remains effective throughout the entire stroke of the slide table, without significantly affecting the machine tool's movement speed. This structure offers better sealing and reliability compared to traditional single-sided protective covers, making it particularly suitable for high-precision machining environments.

[0025] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, the X-axis motion mechanism 120 includes an X-axis slide rail 300, a second slide table 310 vertically mounted on the X-axis slide rail 300, and an X-axis motor lead screw that drives the second slide table 310 to move along the X-axis slide rail 300. The milling device 140 and turning device 180 are both mounted on the second slide table 310. Specifically, the X-axis slide rail 300 adopts a high-precision linear guide structure, and its surface is ground to ensure smooth movement. The second slide table 310 forms a sliding fit with the X-axis slide rail 300 through a slider, and its vertical mounting saves horizontal space. The X-axis motor lead screw adopts a ball screw pair structure, in which the servo motor is directly connected to the lead screw through a coupling to achieve precise displacement control. As a preferred embodiment, limit switches are provided at both ends of the X-axis slide rail 300 to prevent the second slide table 310 from overtraveling. Furthermore, the second slide table 310 is made of cast iron and has internal reinforcing ribs to improve rigidity. In another embodiment, the X-axis motor lead screw can adopt a double-nut preload structure to eliminate the impact of backlash on positioning accuracy.

[0026] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first Z-axis motion mechanism 170 includes a first Z-axis slide rail 320 mounted on the second slide table 310, a first lifting platform 330 mounted on the first Z-axis slide rail 320, and a first Z-axis motor lead screw that drives the first lifting platform 330 to move along the first Z-axis slide rail 320. A third spindle mechanism 160 is mounted on the first lifting platform 330. Specifically, the first Z-axis slide rail 320 uses a high-precision linear guide to ensure smooth lifting motion and positioning accuracy. The first lifting platform 330 is connected to the first Z-axis motor via a ball screw to achieve precise axial displacement control. As a preferred embodiment, the first Z-axis motor can be a servo motor with an encoder to form a closed-loop control system. The connection between the first lifting platform 330 and the third spindle mechanism 160 uses a rigid flange structure to effectively transmit cutting force and suppress vibration. Furthermore, protective covers can be installed on both sides of the first Z-axis slide rail 320 to prevent chips and coolant from entering.

[0027] Therefore, this technical solution achieves high-precision positioning of the milling device 140 in the Z-axis direction through the combination of precision linear guides and a servo drive system. The rigid connection structure enhances the overall rigidity of the system, ensuring the stability of the third spindle mechanism 160 during complex surface milling. Compared with traditional gear and rack transmission, the motor-driven lead screw offers advantages such as high transmission efficiency and low backlash, making it particularly suitable for precision machining applications requiring frequent direction changes. By optimizing the mass distribution of moving parts, the inertial impact during high-speed motion is effectively reduced, improving dynamic response performance. This design solves the problem of unstable surface quality caused by insufficient Z-axis motion accuracy in existing technologies.

[0028] Furthermore, such as Figure 4As shown, the second Z-axis motion mechanism 200 includes a second Z-axis slide rail 340 parallel to the first Z-axis slide rail 320 and mounted on the second slide table 310; a second lifting platform 350 mounted on the second Z-axis slide rail 340; a second Z-axis motor lead screw that drives the second lifting platform 350 to move along the second Z-axis slide rail 340; and a fourth spindle mechanism 190 mounted on the second lifting platform 350. Specifically, the second Z-axis slide rail 340 adopts a high-precision linear guide structure and is arranged parallel to the first Z-axis slide rail 320 on the second slide table 310. The second lifting platform 350 cooperates with the second Z-axis slide rail 340 through a linear slider, and its bearing surface is subjected to aging treatment to eliminate internal stress. Furthermore, buffer limit devices are installed at both ends of the second Z-axis slide rail 340 to prevent overtravel damage to the mechanical structure.

[0029] Therefore, this technical solution achieves precise positioning of the turning device 180 in the Z-axis direction through an independently set second Z-axis motion mechanism 200. The parallel arrangement of the dual Z-axis slide rails ensures that the movements of the milling and turning devices 180 do not interfere with each other, resolving the spatial conflict problem in multi-axis linkage during composite machining. The modular lifting table structure facilitates maintenance, and the combination of high-rigidity guide rails and precision lead screws effectively suppresses vibration transmission during the turning process. Compared with the traditional solution using a single-axis driven milling head, this structure significantly improves the stability of the turning process, especially in deep hole machining, maintaining the radial stiffness of the tool and avoiding dimensional deviations caused by cutting force fluctuations.

[0030] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, the tool holder 210 is a regular polygon, and its bottom surface is uniformly provided with tool mounting slots 360 along the circumference. These slots are used to mount different cutting tools. Specifically, the regular polygonal tool holder 210 is made of high-strength alloy steel. The tool mounting slots 360 are evenly distributed along the circumference, with 8-12 slots in total. Each slot is equipped with a quick-clamping mechanism to fix the cutting tool hydraulically or mechanically. In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the mounting slot has a locating pin hole that engages with the locating pin on the tool shank to ensure tool mounting accuracy. Thus, this technical solution, by optimizing the structural design of the tool holder 210, solves the problems of low tool changing efficiency and poor tool compatibility in traditional turning devices 180. The regular polygonal structure combined with the evenly distributed mounting slots allows the tool holder 210 to integrate multiple functional tools, enabling quick switching between different cutting tools through rotation. The evenly distributed mounting slots ensure dynamic balance during tool switching, preventing vibration during high-speed rotation. Compared to existing technologies, this structure significantly reduces tool change time and improves machining continuity, while its compact layout reduces machine tool space requirements. The standardized design of the mounting slots also enhances tool compatibility, allowing for flexible configuration of different types of turning tools according to machining needs.

[0031] Furthermore, this application proposes that the side of the tool holder 210 is provided with a side tool groove 370 for mounting turning tools. Specifically, the side tool groove 370 refers to a tool mounting structure opened on the side of the tool holder 210, the axis of which is parallel to the rotation axis of the tool holder 210. The side tool groove 370 can be in the form of a T-slot, dovetail groove, or straight groove, and the groove is provided with a positioning surface and a fastening screw hole. Thus, by adding a side tool groove 370 to the side of the tool holder 210, a three-dimensional layout of turning tools is achieved. Compared with the traditional structure that only sets a bottom turning tool mounting groove 360, this design enables the tool holder 210 to simultaneously possess end face turning and side turning capabilities, and can complete multi-directional machining of the workpiece in a single clamping. The side tool groove 370 structure makes the tool mounting angle more flexible, and is particularly suitable for turning complex contours. Since the side tool groove 370 and the bottom turning tool mounting groove 360 ​​share the same rotary drive mechanism, no additional power unit is required, which expands the machining function while maintaining structural compactness. This design effectively solves the problems of the existing tool holder 210 having a single tool mounting position and limited machining range, and significantly improves the integration of turning operations by optimizing the tool space layout.

[0032] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the tool changing device 230 also includes a support frame 380 connected to one side of the worktable 100. The tool magazine 240 is mounted on the support frame 380, and the tool changing assembly 250 is mounted on the side of the tool magazine 240 near the milling device 140. Specifically, the support frame 380 can adopt a welded frame structure or an adjustable column structure, and its connection to the worktable 100 can be bolted or integrally cast. The tool magazine 240 is preferably a disc-type tool magazine 240 or a chain-type tool magazine 240, mounted on the upper crossbeam of the support frame 380. The tool changing assembly 250 is mounted on the front side of the tool magazine 240 via a guide rail mechanism, and its mounting position ensures that the movement trajectory of the tool changer 400 is perpendicularly aligned with the spindle axis of the milling device 140. Thus, this technical solution, through the independently set support frame 380 structure, forms a modular layout between the tool changing device 230 and the machine tool body. The support frame 380 provides a stable mounting base for the tool magazine 240, avoiding the structural interference problem caused by the direct mounting of the tool magazine 240 on the worktable 100 in traditional designs. The tool magazine 240's proximity to the milling unit 140 shortens the tool change stroke, allowing the tool change assembly 250 to directly exchange tools along the shortest path. This structural design effectively solves the technical problems of low space utilization and complex tool change paths in traditional tool changers 230, making the tool changing process more efficient and reliable. The adjustable design of the support frame 380 also accommodates the storage needs of tools of different sizes, improving the machine tool's process adaptability.

[0033] Furthermore, this application proposes that the tool changing assembly 250 includes a second switching motor 390 and a tool changing lever 400 disposed at the output end of the second switching motor 390. The tool changing lever 400 has tool-holding slots 410 at both ends for holding milling cutters. Specifically, the second switching motor 390 can be a servo motor or a stepper motor, and its output end is rigidly connected to the tool changing lever 400 via a coupling. The tool changing lever 400 is preferably made of high-strength alloy steel, and the tool-holding slots 410 at both ends are designed as U-shaped grooves, with hard alloy wear-resistant plates embedded in the grooves to extend service life. As a preferred embodiment, a pressure sensor can be installed inside the tool-holding slots 410 to detect the milling cutter clamping status. This technical solution achieves rapid automatic tool changing through a dual-station design of the motor-driven tool changing lever 400. The symmetrically distributed tool-holding slots 410 structure allows for the alternation of old and new tools after a single 180° rotation, saving more than 50% of tool changing time compared to traditional robotic tool changing methods. The direct drive system avoids the accumulation of transmission chain errors. The introduction of a pressure sensor effectively prevents machining accidents caused by improper tool clamping. Its compact design allows for direct integration into existing tool magazine 240 systems, making it particularly suitable for applications in space-constrained vertical machine tools.

[0034] The embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A beam-type vertical turning and milling composite CNC machine tool, characterized in that, include: The worktable (100) is provided with a Y-axis motion mechanism (110) arranged along the Y-axis direction and an X-axis motion mechanism (120) located at one end of the Y-axis motion mechanism (110) and arranged along the X-axis direction. The clamping device includes a first spindle mechanism (130) disposed on the Y-axis motion mechanism (110) for clamping the workpiece and capable of driving the workpiece to rotate along the Z-axis. The milling device (140) is mounted on the X-axis motion mechanism (120) and includes a second spindle mechanism (150) for mounting a milling cutter to perform milling on a workpiece, a third spindle mechanism (160) for driving the second spindle mechanism (150) to swing around the Y-axis, and a first Z-axis motion mechanism (170) for driving the third spindle mechanism (160) to move along the Z-axis. The turning device (180) is mounted on the X-axis motion mechanism (120) and located on one side of the milling device (140). It includes a fourth spindle mechanism (190) for mounting a cutting tool to perform turning operations on a workpiece, and a second Z-axis motion mechanism (200) for driving the fourth spindle mechanism (190) to move along the Z-axis. The fourth spindle mechanism (190) includes a cutting tool disc (210) and a first switching motor (220) for driving the cutting tool disc (210) to rotate and switch. A tool changing device (230) is disposed on the worktable (100) on the other side of the milling device (140), including a tool magazine (240) and a tool changing assembly (250). The tool magazine (240) is equipped with different milling cutters, and the tool changing assembly (250) is used to change tools for the milling device (140).

2. The beam-type vertical turning and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Y-axis motion mechanism (110) includes a Y-axis slide rail (260), a first slide table (270) disposed on the Y-axis slide rail (260), a Y-axis motor lead screw that drives the first slide table (270) to move along the Y-axis slide rail (260), and a first spindle mechanism (130) disposed on the first slide table (270).

3. The beam-type vertical turning and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The Y-axis slide rail (260) is provided with telescopic covers (290) on the front and rear sides of the first slide table (270).

4. The beam-type vertical turning and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The X-axis motion mechanism (120) includes an X-axis slide rail (300), a second slide table (310) erected on the X-axis slide rail (300), and an X-axis motor lead screw that drives the second slide table (310) to move along the X-axis slide rail (300). The milling device (140) and the turning device (180) are both mounted on the second slide table (310).

5. A beam-type vertical turning and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first Z-axis motion mechanism (170) includes a first Z-axis slide rail (320) disposed on the second slide (310), a first lifting platform (330) disposed on the first Z-axis slide rail (320), and a first Z-axis motor screw that drives the first lifting platform (330) to move along the first Z-axis slide rail (320). The third spindle mechanism (160) is mounted on the first lifting platform (330).

6. A beam-type vertical turning and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second Z-axis motion mechanism (200) includes a second Z-axis slide rail (340) arranged on the second slide table (310) and parallel to the first Z-axis slide rail (320), a second lifting platform (350) arranged on the second Z-axis slide rail (340), and a second Z-axis motor screw that drives the second lifting platform (350) to move along the second Z-axis slide rail (340). The fourth spindle mechanism (190) is mounted on the second lifting platform (350).

7. A beam-type vertical turning and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting tool disc (210) is a regular polygon, and the bottom surface of the cutting tool disc (210) is uniformly provided with cutting tool mounting grooves (360) along the circumference. The cutting tool mounting grooves (360) are used to install different cutting tools.

8. A beam-type vertical turning and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side of the cutting tool disc (210) is also provided with a side tool groove (370) for mounting cutting tools.

9. A beam-type vertical turning and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tool changing device (230) also includes a support frame (380) connected to one side of the worktable (100), the tool magazine (240) is mounted on the support frame (380), and the tool changing assembly (250) is mounted on the side of the tool magazine (240) near the milling device (140).

10. A beam-type vertical turning and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tool changing assembly (250) includes a second switching motor (390) and a tool changing lever (400) disposed at the output end of the second switching motor (390). The tool changing lever (400) has a tool clamping slot (410) at both ends for clamping the milling cutter.

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