Constant-temperature hot pressing device for cushion production

Abstract

The utility model discloses a constant temperature hot press device for buffer pad production, including frame, the inside middle part fixed connection of frame has the press table, still includes the mechanism of turning over, mechanism of turning over: it includes hollow pivot, gear, fixed block, trachea, rack plate, swivel joint and through -hole, the inside rear side of press table is rotatably connected in the hollow pivot, and the front end of hollow pivot is fixedly connected with the object plate, and the rear side of hollow pivot's outer surface is rotatably connected with the gear, and two gears are engaged connection, and the inside rear side of frame is equipped with adjustable rack plate, and the rack plate is engaged connection with the gear of right side, and the inside rear side fixed connection of frame has the fixed block, and the inside fixed connection of fixed block has the swivel joint of left and right symmetry distribution, and this constant temperature hot press device for buffer pad production does not need operating personnel to turn over buffer pad manually, alleviates the burden of operating personnel, improves the processing efficiency of buffer pad.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of cushioning pad production equipment, specifically a constant temperature hot pressing device for cushioning pad production. Background Technology

[0002] Cushioning pads are made of various composite materials and are widely used in precision instrument packaging, sporting goods protection, furniture, automotive interiors, and construction due to their excellent cushioning, shock absorption, sealing, and heat insulation properties. The manufacturing process of cushioning pads involves stacking multiple layers of materials and pressing them together under specific temperature, pressure, and time conditions to bond, cure, and shape them, ultimately forming a product with a specific shape and function.

[0003] The existing constant temperature hot pressing device for producing cushioning pads uses an upper heating plate on a gantry or beam and a lower heating plate on the lower side of the device. After heating the heating plates, the drive assembly drives the upper and lower heating plates to move towards each other to perform hot pressing and molding of the cushioning pad.

[0004] Existing constant temperature hot pressing equipment for buffer pad production causes wrinkles and cracks due to heat stress concentration and uneven material flow caused by simultaneous heating and pressing on both sides. However, when hot pressing buffer pads on one side, operators need to manually flip the buffer pads after pressing on one side, which increases the operator's workload and affects the processing efficiency of buffer pads. Therefore, we propose a constant temperature hot pressing device for buffer pad production. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to overcome existing defects and provide a constant-temperature hot pressing device for producing cushioning pads. This device uses an upper constant-temperature hot plate and a lower support plate to perform hot pressing on the cushioning pads. Single-sided hot pressing allows material molecules time to arrange and solidify in an orderly manner, greatly reducing internal stress caused by simultaneous heating and rapid solidification on both sides, thus preventing wrinkles and cracks. Simultaneously, a flipping mechanism allows the cushioning pad to be flipped after single-sided pressing, and then pressed on the other side. This eliminates the need for manual flipping of the cushioning pads, reducing the operator's workload and improving the processing efficiency of the cushioning pads, effectively solving the problems in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a constant temperature hot pressing device for producing cushioning pads, including a frame, a pressing table fixedly connected to the center of the frame, and a flipping mechanism;

[0007] The flipping mechanism includes hollow rotating shafts, gears, fixed blocks, air pipes, rack plates, rotary joints, and through holes. Each hollow rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the rear interior of the pressing table. A carrying plate is fixedly connected to the front end of each hollow rotating shaft. Gears are rotatably connected to the rear outer surface of each hollow rotating shaft, with two gears meshing together. An adjustable rack plate is located on the rear interior of the frame, meshing with a gear on the right side. A fixed block is fixedly connected to the rear interior of the frame, and symmetrically distributed rotary joints are fixedly connected inside the fixed block. Air pipes are fixedly connected to the rear ends of the fixed ends of the rotary joints. A negative pressure groove is formed inside the carrying plate, and the upper part of the negative pressure groove... The side has evenly distributed through holes, and the negative pressure groove is connected to the hollow rotating shaft. The rear end of the hollow rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the front end of the rotating end of the rotary joint. The buffer pad is hot-pressed by the constant temperature hot plate on the upper side and the carrying plate on the lower side. The single-sided hot pressing allows the material molecules to arrange and solidify in an orderly manner, which greatly reduces the internal stress caused by simultaneous heating and rapid solidification on both sides, thus avoiding wrinkles and cracks. At the same time, the flipping mechanism allows the buffer pad to be flipped after single-sided pressing, and then the other side is pressed. The operator does not need to manually flip the buffer pad, which reduces the operator's burden and improves the processing efficiency of the buffer pad.

[0008] Furthermore, a microcontroller is fixedly connected to the right surface of the frame, and the input terminal of the microcontroller is electrically connected to an external power source to control the operation of electrical appliances.

[0009] Furthermore, the flipping mechanism also includes an electric push rod, the upper end of which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rack plate, and the input end of which is electrically connected to the output end of the microcontroller to provide driving force.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper surface of the pressing table is fixedly connected with evenly distributed support columns, a movable plate is slidably connected between the four support columns, a top plate is fixedly connected between the upper ends of the four support columns, a hydraulic rod is fixedly connected inside the top plate, and the lower end of the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the movable plate to provide driving force.

[0011] Furthermore, a constant-temperature hot plate is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the movable plate, an electric heating wire is fixedly connected inside the constant-temperature hot plate, and temperature sensors are uniformly distributed inside the movable plate. The detection ends of the temperature sensors all penetrate into the interior of the constant-temperature hot plate. The input end of the electric heating wire is electrically connected to the output end of the microcontroller. The temperature sensors are bidirectionally electrically connected to the microcontroller to heat-press the buffer pad.

[0012] Furthermore, each of the carrying plates is fixedly connected to an optical fiber pressure sensor, the detection end of which extends through to the upper surface of the carrying plate. The carrying plate on the right side is fixedly connected to an optical fiber sensor, the detection end of which extends through to the upper surface of the carrying plate. Both the optical fiber sensor and the optical fiber pressure sensor are bidirectionally electrically connected to the microcontroller to monitor the pressure.

[0013] Furthermore, a light curtain sensor is fixedly connected to the front surface of the frame. The light curtain sensor is bidirectionally electrically connected to the microcontroller for safety protection.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This constant temperature hot pressing device for producing cushioning pads has the following advantages:

[0015] 1. The buffer pad is hot-pressed by the constant temperature hot plate on the upper side and the support plate on the lower side. The hot pressing on one side allows the material molecules time to arrange and solidify in an orderly manner, which greatly reduces the internal stress caused by simultaneous heating and rapid solidification on both sides, thus avoiding wrinkles and cracks.

[0016] 2. Simultaneously, the flipping mechanism allows the cushioning pad to be flipped after being pressed on one side, and then the other side can be pressed. This eliminates the need for operators to manually flip the cushioning pad, reducing their workload and improving the processing efficiency of the cushioning pad. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flipping mechanism of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is an enlarged structural diagram of point A in this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is an enlarged structural diagram of section B of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Frame, 2. Microcontroller, 3. Pressing table, 4. Support column, 5. Movable plate, 6. Top plate, 7. Hydraulic rod, 8. Light curtain sensor, 9. Flipping mechanism, 91. Hollow rotating shaft, 92. Gear, 93. Fixing block, 94. Air pipe, 95. Rack plate, 96. Electric push rod, 97. Rotary joint, 98. Through hole, 10. Carrying plate, 11. Fiber optic pressure sensor, 12. Constant temperature hot plate, 13. Heating wire, 14. Fiber optic sensor, 15. Temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Please see Figure 1-5 This embodiment provides a technical solution: a constant temperature hot pressing device for producing cushioning pads, including a frame 1. A pressing table 3 is fixedly connected to the center of the frame 1. Evenly distributed support columns 4 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the pressing table 3. A movable plate 5 is slidably connected between the four support columns 4. A top plate 6 is fixedly connected between the upper ends of the four support columns 4. A hydraulic rod 7 is fixedly connected inside the top plate 6. The lower end of the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 7 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the movable plate 5. A microcontroller is fixedly connected to the right surface of the frame 1. 2. The input terminal of the microcontroller 2 is electrically connected to an external power source. The feature is that a constant-temperature heating plate 12 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the movable plate 5, and an electric heating wire 13 is fixedly connected inside the constant-temperature heating plate 12. Temperature sensors 15 are uniformly distributed and fixedly connected inside the movable plate 5. The detection ends of the temperature sensors 15 all penetrate into the interior of the constant-temperature heating plate 12. The input terminal of the electric heating wire 13 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the microcontroller 2. The temperature sensors 15 and the microcontroller 2 are bidirectionally electrically connected. Operating the microcontroller 2 activates the electric heating wire 13, causing the electric heating wire to generate heat. The constant-temperature hot plate 12 is heated by a temperature sensor 15. The temperature sensor 15 monitors the internal temperature of the constant-temperature hot plate 12 based on the change in resistance at its detection end, and converts the monitoring result into an electrical signal, which is then sent to the microcontroller 2. The microcontroller 2 judges the received temperature signal. When the temperature is less than 200°C, the heating wire 13 is activated; when the temperature is equal to or greater than 200°C, the heating wire 13 is deactivated. This regulates the temperature of the constant-temperature hot plate 12, maintaining it at 200°C. A light curtain sensor 8 is fixedly connected to the front surface of the frame 1. The light curtain sensor 8 is bidirectionally electrically connected to the microcontroller 2. The left side of the light curtain sensor 8 is a light emitter, and the right side of the light curtain sensor 8 is a light receiver. The light emitter emits multiple infrared lights to the light receiver. When the constant temperature hot pressing device for the production of the buffer pad is in operation, if the operator's hand or other objects block the infrared light, the light receiver will immediately detect the loss of light signal. At this time, the light curtain sensor 8 sends an electrical signal to the microcontroller 2, causing the microcontroller 2 to stop in an emergency, thereby protecting the safety of the operator.

[0025] It also includes a flipping mechanism 9, which comprises a hollow rotating shaft 91, a gear 92, a fixing block 93, an air pipe 94, a rack plate 95, a rotary joint 97, and a through hole 98. The hollow rotating shafts 91 are all rotatably connected to the rear interior of the pressing table 3. A carrying plate 10 is fixedly connected to the front end of each hollow rotating shaft 91. A buffer pad is placed on the upper surface of the left carrying plate 10. Fiber optic pressure sensors 11 are fixedly connected inside each carrying plate 10, with the detection ends of the fiber optic pressure sensors 11 penetrating the upper surface of the carrying plate 10. The right carrying plate 10... A fiber optic sensor 14 is fixedly connected to the part. The detection end of the fiber optic sensor 14 extends through to the upper surface of the carrier plate 10. Both the fiber optic sensor 14 and the fiber optic pressure sensor 11 are bidirectionally electrically connected to the microcontroller 2. (The internal parts of the detection ends of the fiber optic sensor 14 and the fiber optic pressure sensor 11 are made of metal and do not contain electronic components, thereby avoiding the heat transferred during the hot pressing of the buffer pad from causing the fiber optic sensor 14 and the fiber optic pressure sensor 11 to be damaged by heat. The movable plate 5 and the carrier plate 10 are both made of glass wool, which has a certain hardness and heat insulation capacity.)

[0026] With this setup, operating the external hydraulic cylinder extends the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 7, causing the movable plate 5 to move downwards along the direction of the support column 4, which in turn moves the constant-temperature hot plate 12 downwards. This causes the lower surface of the constant-temperature hot plate 12 to contact and press the buffer pad, thereby performing single-sided heat pressing on the buffer pad. The detection end of the fiber optic pressure sensor 11 uses some physical properties of light (such as intensity, wavelength, phase, and polarization state) as a sensing medium. When external pressure acts on the detection end of the fiber optic pressure sensor 11, it causes changes in these optical properties. By demodulating these changes, the pressure value can be calculated with high precision. Then, the fiber optic pressure sensor 11 converts the monitored pressure value into an electrical signal and sends it to the microcontroller 2. The microcontroller 2 judges the pressure data, and when a specific pressure value is reached, it operates the external hydraulic cylinder to stop the extension of the hydraulic rod 7.

[0027] Gears 92 are rotatably connected to the rear side of the outer surface of the hollow rotating shaft 91. The two gears 92 mesh with each other. An adjustable rack plate 95 is provided on the rear side of the inner side of the frame 1. The rack plate 95 meshes with the gear 92 on the right side. (A protective cover is installed on the rear surface of the pressing table 3, so that the gears 92 and rack plate 95 are both located inside the protective cover, protecting the gears 92 and rack plate 95 from external high temperature or impurities affecting the normal operation of the gears 92 and rack plate 95. The front end of the protective cover has a clearance round opening for the hollow rotating shaft, and the rear end of the protective cover has a clearance opening corresponding to the rotary joint 97.) A fixing block 93 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the inner side of the frame 1. Rotary joints 97 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides (the central axis of the rotary joint 97 and the gear 92 are on the same axis). Air pipes 94 are fixedly connected to the rear end of the fixed end. A negative pressure groove is opened inside the loading plate 10. A uniformly distributed through hole 98 is opened on the upper side of the negative pressure groove. The negative pressure groove is connected to the hollow rotating shaft 91. The rear end of the hollow rotating shaft 91 is fixedly connected to the front end of the rotating end of the rotary joint 97. The air pipe 94 is connected to the external negative pressure device, so that the external negative pressure device evacuates the air pipe 94 on the left side. Under the communication between the rotary joint 97 on the left side and the hollow rotating shaft 91 on the left side, a negative pressure is generated inside the negative pressure groove on the left side. At this time, the buffer pad is placed on the upper surface of the loading platform 10 on the left side, so that the buffer pad is adsorbed on the upper surface of the loading plate 10 on the left side. The flipping mechanism 9 also includes an electric push rod 96. The upper end of the telescopic end of the electric push rod 96 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rack plate 95. The input end of the electric push rod 96 is electrically connected to the output end of the microcontroller 2.

[0028] With this setup, after one side of the buffer pad is heat-pressed, the external hydraulic cylinder is operated to reset the hydraulic rod 7. At this time, the microcontroller 2 is operated to start the electric push rod 96. The telescopic end of the electric push rod 96 extends, driving the rack plate 95 to move upward, causing the right gear 92 to rotate, which in turn drives the left gear 92 to rotate, causing the hollow shaft 91 to rotate. This causes the carrying plates 10 to rotate along the central axis of the longitudinally adjacent hollow shafts 91. At this time, the carrying plates 10 on both sides are pressed together until the buffer pad is in contact with both carrying plates 10. The detection end of the fiber optic sensor 14 will emit a light beam. When the buffer pad blocks the light beam, the internal circuit of the fiber optic sensor 14 changes. The fiber sensor 14 converts the optical signal into an electrical signal and sends it to the microcontroller 2. At this time, the left air tube 94 is disconnected from the external negative pressure device, and the right air tube 94 is connected to the external negative pressure device. This causes the right-side carrier plate 10 to adsorb the buffer pad. Then, the microcontroller 2 is operated to reset the electric push rod 96, which in turn resets the carrier plate 10. At this time, the external hydraulic cylinder is operated to extend the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 7, and the other side of the buffer pad is heat-pressed as above. After the heat-pressing is completed, the external hydraulic cylinder is operated to reset the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 7, and at the same time, the external negative pressure device is disconnected from the right-side air tube 94, thereby removing the buffer pad and completing the heat-pressing operation of the buffer pad production.

[0029] The working principle of the constant temperature hot pressing device for producing buffer pads provided by this utility model is as follows: When using this constant temperature hot pressing device for producing buffer pads, the buffer pad is placed on the upper surface of the left-side carrier plate 10. The air pipe 94 is connected to the external negative pressure device, so that the external negative pressure device evacuates the air pipe 94 on the left side. Under the communication between the left-side rotary joint 97 and the left-side hollow rotating shaft 91, a negative pressure is generated inside the left-side negative pressure groove. At this time, the buffer pad is placed on the upper surface of the left-side carrier plate 10, so that the buffer pad is adsorbed onto the upper surface of the left-side carrier plate 10. The microcontroller 2 is operated to start the heating wire 13. The heating wire generates heat to heat the constant temperature hot plate 12. The temperature sensor 15 transmits temperature data. The resistance change at the detection end of sensor 15 monitors the internal temperature of the constant-temperature heating plate 12 and converts the monitoring result into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted to the microcontroller 2. The microcontroller 2 judges the received temperature signal. When the temperature is less than 200℃, the heating wire 13 is activated; when the temperature is equal to or greater than 200℃, the heating wire 13 stops operating, thereby regulating the temperature of the constant-temperature heating plate 12 and maintaining it at 200℃. The external hydraulic cylinder is operated, causing the extension end of the hydraulic rod 7 to extend, moving the movable plate 5 downwards along the support column 4, and causing the constant-temperature heating plate 12 to move downwards. This causes the lower surface of the constant-temperature heating plate 12 to contact and press against the buffer pad, thus performing single-sided heat pressing on the buffer pad. The detection end of the fiber optic pressure sensor 11 utilizes… Using some physical properties of light (such as intensity, wavelength, phase, and polarization state) as a sensing medium, when external pressure acts on the detection end of the fiber optic pressure sensor 11, it will cause changes in these optical properties. By demodulating these changes, the pressure value can be calculated with high precision. Then, the fiber optic pressure sensor 11 converts the monitored pressure value into an electrical signal and sends it to the microcontroller 2. The microcontroller 2 judges the pressure data. When a specific pressure value is reached, it operates the external hydraulic cylinder to stop the extension of the hydraulic rod 7. After one side of the buffer pad is heat-pressed, it operates the external hydraulic cylinder to reset the hydraulic rod 7. At this time, it operates the microcontroller 2 to start the electric push rod 96. The telescopic end of the electric push rod 96 extends, driving the rack plate 95 to move upward, so that the right side of the rack... The rotation of wheel 92 drives the rotation of gear 92 on the left, causing the hollow shaft 91 to rotate. This causes the carrying plates 10 to rotate along the central axis of the longitudinally adjacent hollow shafts 91. At this time, the carrying plates 10 on the left and right sides are pressed together until the buffer pad is in contact with both carrying plates 10. The detection end of the fiber optic sensor 14 emits a light beam. When the buffer pad blocks the light beam, the internal circuit of the fiber optic sensor 14 changes. At this time, the fiber optic sensor 14 converts the light signal into an electrical signal and sends it to the microcontroller 2. This disconnects the air tube 94 on the left from the external negative pressure device and connects the air tube 94 on the right to the external negative pressure device, causing the carrying plate 10 on the right to adhere to the buffer pad. Then, the microcontroller 2 is operated to reset the electric push rod 96, thereby resetting the carrying plate 10.At this point, operate the external hydraulic cylinder to extend the telescopic end of hydraulic rod 7, and perform single-sided heat pressing on the other side of the buffer pad as before. After heat pressing is completed, operate the external hydraulic cylinder to reset the telescopic end of hydraulic rod 7, and simultaneously disconnect the external negative pressure equipment from the air pipe 94 on the right side, thereby removing the buffer pad and completing the heat pressing operation for buffer pad production.

[0030] It is worth noting that the microcontroller 2 disclosed in the above embodiments can be an STM32F103, the light curtain sensor 8 can be an SA4C-0410, the electric actuator 96 can be an LA36, the fiber optic pressure sensor 11 can be a YOFC-OFPT-M, the fiber optic sensor 14 can be a DF-G series high-temperature fiber optic sensor, and the temperature sensor 15 can be an NXFT15XH103. The microcontroller 2 controls the operation of the light curtain sensor 9, the electric actuator 96, the fiber optic pressure sensor 11, the heating wire 13, the fiber optic sensor 14, and the temperature sensor 15 using methods commonly used in the prior art.

[0031] The above are merely embodiments of this utility model and do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of this utility model, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A constant temperature hot pressing device for cushion production, comprising a rack (1), a pressing table (3) is fixedly connected in the middle of the inside of the rack (1), characterized in that: It also includes a flipping mechanism (9); Flipping mechanism (9): It includes a hollow rotating shaft (91), gears (92), a fixing block (93), an air pipe (94), a rack plate (95), a rotary joint (97), and a through hole (98). The hollow rotating shafts (91) are all rotatably connected to the rear side of the pressing table (3). The front end of each hollow rotating shaft (91) is fixedly connected to a carrying plate (10). The rear side of the outer surface of each hollow rotating shaft (91) is rotatably connected to a gear (92). The two gears (92) mesh with each other. The rear side of the frame (1) is provided with an adjustable rack plate (95). (95) meshes with the gear (92) on the right side. A fixed block (93) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the frame (1). A rotary joint (97) is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixed block (93). An air pipe (94) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the fixed end of the rotary joint (97). A negative pressure groove is opened inside the loading plate (10). A through hole (98) is evenly distributed on the upper side of the negative pressure groove. The negative pressure groove is connected to the hollow rotating shaft (91). The rear end of the hollow rotating shaft (91) is fixedly connected to the front end of the rotating end of the rotary joint (97).

2. The constant temperature heat press device for cushion production according to claim 1, characterized in that: A microcontroller (2) is fixedly connected to the right surface of the frame (1), and the input terminal of the microcontroller (2) is electrically connected to an external power source.

3. The constant temperature heat lamination device for cushion production according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flipping mechanism (9) also includes an electric push rod (96), the upper end of the telescopic end of the electric push rod (96) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rack plate (95), and the input end of the electric push rod (96) is electrically connected to the output end of the microcontroller (2).

4. The constant temperature heat lamination device for cushion production according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper surface of the pressing table (3) is fixedly connected with evenly distributed support columns (4), and a movable plate (5) is slidably connected between the four support columns (4). A top plate (6) is fixedly connected between the upper ends of the four support columns (4). A hydraulic rod (7) is fixedly connected inside the top plate (6), and the lower end of the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod (7) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the movable plate (5).

5. The constant temperature heat lamination device for cushion production according to claim 4, characterized in that: A constant temperature hot plate (12) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the movable plate (5). An electric heating wire (13) is fixedly connected inside the constant temperature hot plate (12). Temperature sensors (15) are uniformly distributed and fixedly connected inside the movable plate (5). The detection ends of the temperature sensors (15) all penetrate into the interior of the constant temperature hot plate (12). The input end of the electric heating wire (13) is electrically connected to the output end of the microcontroller (2). The temperature sensors (15) are bidirectionally electrically connected to the microcontroller (2).

6. The constant temperature heat lamination device for cushion production according to claim 2, characterized in that: Fiber optic pressure sensors (11) are fixedly connected inside each of the loading plates (10). The detection ends of the fiber optic pressure sensors (11) extend through the upper surface of the loading plates (10). Fiber optic sensors (14) are fixedly connected inside the loading plates (10) on the right side. The detection ends of the fiber optic sensors (14) extend through the upper surface of the loading plates (10). Both the fiber optic sensors (14) and the fiber optic pressure sensors (11) are bidirectionally electrically connected to the microcontroller (2).

7. The constant temperature heat lamination device for cushion production according to claim 2, characterized in that: A light curtain sensor (8) is fixedly connected to the front surface of the frame (1), and the light curtain sensor (8) is bidirectionally electrically connected to the microcontroller (2).

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