Tram battery intelligent monitoring and anti-feedback system

Abstract

The utility model relates to rail transit power supply management technical field especially is a tram battery intelligent monitoring and prevent feedback system, the system includes: voltage detection module, control module, relay control module and pantograph control module, wherein, the data communication pin of voltage detection module connects control module, and the detection pin of voltage detection module connects the positive and negative pole of battery, control module passes through relay control module connects pantograph control module, and pantograph control module is connected with the positive and negative pole of battery. The utility model can effectively avoid the problem such as tram starting difficult caused by battery feed, improve the operation reliability and maintenance efficiency of tram.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rail transit power supply management technology, and in particular to an intelligent monitoring and anti-power-outage system for tram batteries. Background Technology

[0002] In the tram system, batteries, as critical auxiliary power supply equipment, play a vital role in emergency power supply, control system power supply, and the continuous operation of some auxiliary equipment. However, current battery management methods face significant technical bottlenecks:

[0003] Firstly, manual inspection is inefficient: traditional manual inspection methods cannot achieve real-time monitoring of battery status, making it difficult to detect when the battery is in a low voltage state for a long time, which may lead to equipment failure.

[0004] Secondly, the impact of power supply risks is significant: when power supply problems are serious, they can directly prevent trains from starting normally, which not only disrupts the operation and scheduling plan, but may also cause safety accidents, posing a threat to the safety of rail transit operations.

[0005] Third, the lack of intelligent monitoring: existing systems generally lack intelligent monitoring and remote early warning mechanisms, which can neither accurately predict the health status of the battery nor trigger early warnings in the first instance when abnormal situations occur, resulting in delayed maintenance response.

[0006] Therefore, developing a power outage prevention system with real-time battery voltage monitoring, intelligent alarm, and remote data transmission capabilities has significant engineering application value for improving the operational reliability of trams and optimizing maintenance efficiency. This system can effectively compensate for the technical shortcomings of traditional management methods and provide an innovative solution for the safety of rail transit power supply. Utility Model Content

[0007] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the current problems of inefficient manual inspection, high risk of power failure, and lack of intelligent monitoring in the management of tram batteries, which make real-time monitoring difficult and power failure easy to cause accidents.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides an intelligent monitoring and anti-power-discharge system for tram batteries, including: a voltage detection module, a control module, a relay control module, and a pantograph control module;

[0009] The voltage detection module's data communication pin is connected to the control module, and the voltage detection module's detection pin is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery. The control module is connected to the pantograph control module through the relay control module, and the pantograph control module is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery.

[0010] In one embodiment of this utility model, the pantograph control module includes a pantograph power supply circuit breaker, a main circuit enable switch, a pantograph raising switch, a pantograph raising relay, a pantograph lowering switch, and a pantograph lowering relay. One end of the pantograph power supply circuit breaker is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, and the other end is connected to the main circuit enable switch. The other end of the main circuit enable switch is connected to the parallel common node of the pantograph raising switch and the pantograph lowering switch. The other end of the pantograph raising switch is connected to the pantograph raising relay, and the other end of the pantograph lowering switch is connected to the pantograph lowering relay. The pantograph raising relay and the pantograph lowering relay are connected to the negative terminal of the battery.

[0011] In one embodiment of this utility model, the raising switch and the lowering switch are connected to the relay control module.

[0012] In one embodiment of this utility model, the intelligent monitoring and anti-power-out system for tram batteries further includes a power supply module. The power supply module includes a filter circuit, a step-down chip, and an output circuit. The input terminal of the filter circuit is connected to a 24V power supply, and its output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the step-down chip. The output terminal of the step-down chip is connected to the output circuit, and the output terminal of the output circuit is connected to the control module, the voltage detection module, and the relay control module.

[0013] In one embodiment of this utility model, the filter circuit includes a first capacitor and a second capacitor connected in parallel. One parallel common node of the first capacitor and the second capacitor is connected to a 24V power supply, and the other parallel common node is connected to the input terminal of the step-down chip.

[0014] In one embodiment of this utility model, the output circuit includes an inductor, a Schottky diode, a first voltage divider resistor, a second voltage divider resistor, a third capacitor, and a fourth capacitor. The anode of the Schottky diode is connected to the output terminal of the step-down chip, the first voltage divider resistor, and the second voltage divider resistor. The other end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to a common parallel node of the inductor, the third capacitor, and the fourth capacitor. The other end of the inductor is connected to the output terminal of the step-down chip. The other end of the second voltage divider resistor is grounded. The other common parallel node of the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor is grounded.

[0015] In one embodiment of this utility model, the intelligent monitoring and anti-power-outage system for tram batteries further includes an alarm module, and the control module is connected to the alarm module.

[0016] In one embodiment of this utility model, the intelligent monitoring and anti-power-outage system for tram batteries further includes a wireless communication module, which is connected to the control module.

[0017] In one embodiment of this utility model, the intelligent monitoring and anti-power-outage system for tram batteries further includes a remote terminal, which is connected to the control module through the wireless communication module.

[0018] In one embodiment of this utility model, the intelligent monitoring and anti-power-outage system for tram batteries further includes a display module, which is connected to the control module.

[0019] The above-mentioned technical solution of this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0020] This invention uses a voltage detection module to monitor the battery status in real time, and combines it with a control module and a relay control module to achieve intelligent raising and lowering control of the pantograph, effectively solving the problems of low efficiency and inability to monitor in real time in traditional manual inspections. With the help of an alarm module, wireless communication module, and display module, a local and remote early warning mechanism is constructed, which can promptly alert when the battery voltage is abnormal, preventing power outages that could lead to train starting failures and safety hazards, thus compensating for the lack of intelligent monitoring in existing systems. The power supply module, through filtering, voltage reduction, and output circuit design, provides stable power to each module, ensuring reliable system operation. The overall system realizes real-time monitoring, intelligent judgment, remote control, and safety protection of the battery status, significantly improving the reliability of tram operation, optimizing maintenance efficiency, and providing an efficient solution for power supply safety in rail transit. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To make the content of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a smart monitoring and anti-power-out system for tram batteries provided in a specific embodiment of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the voltage detection module;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the control module;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the relay control module;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pantograph control module;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a connection diagram of the power supply module, alarm module, wireless communication module, remote terminal, display module, and control module;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the power module structure;

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. Voltage detection module; 2. Control module; 3. Relay control module; 4. Pantograph control module; 5. Power supply module; 6. Alarm module; 7. Wireless communication module; 8. Remote terminal; 9. Display module; 100. Battery. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides an intelligent monitoring and anti-power-out system for tram batteries. The system includes: a voltage detection module 1, a control module 2, a relay control module 3, and a pantograph control module 4.

[0032] The data communication pin of the voltage detection module 1 is connected to the control module 2, and the detection pin of the voltage detection module 1 is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery 100. The control module 2 is connected to the pantograph control module 4 through the relay control module 3, and the pantograph control module 4 is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery 100.

[0033] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this utility model collects voltage data in real time through the voltage detection module 1 and transmits it to the control module 2 through the data communication pin, so as to realize the real-time monitoring of the status of the battery 100; the control module 2 is linked with the pantograph control module 4 through the relay control module 3, and can adjust the pantograph status in a timely manner based on the monitoring data, forming a closed-loop response of "detection-analysis-control", which effectively avoids problems such as difficulty in starting the tram due to battery power failure and improves the reliability of vehicle operation.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the voltage detection module 1 is an INA226 high-precision voltage / current sensor, and the control module 2 is preferably an ESP32-C3 control chip. The serial clock pin (SDA) and serial data pin (SCL) of the voltage detection module 1 communicate with the control module 2 via an I2C bus, and its input pin (VIN+) and output pin (VIN-) are respectively connected to the positive terminal (BAT+) and negative terminal (BAT-) of the battery 100.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 4As shown, the relay control module 3 is a two-channel opto-isolated relay module, which is connected to the GPIO1 pin of the ESP32-C3 control chip (control module 3) through a pull-up resistor R3.

[0036] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, the pantograph control module 4 includes a pantograph power supply circuit breaker PANCB, a main circuit enable switch MCOK, a pantograph raising switch K1, a pantograph raising relay RPTBR, a pantograph lowering switch K2, and a pantograph lowering relay LPDR. One end of the pantograph power supply circuit breaker PANCB is connected to the positive terminal Bat+ of the battery 100, and the other end is connected to the main circuit enable switch MCOK. The other end of the main circuit enable switch MCOK is connected to the parallel common node of the pantograph raising switch K1 and the pantograph lowering switch K2, which serves as a circuit protection function (such as cutting off the power supply in case of overcurrent or short circuit).

[0037] The other end of the raising switch K1 is connected to the raising relay RPTBR, and the other end of the lowering switch K2 is connected to the lowering relay LPDR. The raising relay RPTBR and the lowering relay LPDR are connected to the negative terminal Bat- of the storage battery 100. The raising switch K1 includes a normally open raising terminal (raising NO) and a common raising terminal (raising COM), and the lowering switch K2 includes a normally open lowering terminal (lowering NO) and a common lowering terminal (lowering COM). The raising NO, raising COM, lowering NO, and lowering COM are respectively connected to the raising NO pin, raising COM pin, lowering NO pin, and lowering COM pin of the relay control module 3.

[0038] In the above circuit, a dual relay interlock control is used to realize the logical switching of the pantograph raising or lowering action: when the pantograph raising command is triggered, the pantograph raising switch K1 is closed, the pantograph raising relay RPTBR is energized, and the pantograph is driven to rise; when the pantograph lowering switch K2 is closed, the pantograph lowering relay LPDR is energized, and the pantograph is driven to lower.

[0039] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the intelligent monitoring and anti-power-outage system for tram batteries provided in this embodiment also includes a power supply module 5. The power supply module 5 includes a filter circuit 51, a step-down chip 52, and an output circuit 53. The step-down chip 52 is preferably an LM2596 step-down chip. The input terminal of the filter circuit 51 is connected to a 24V power supply, and its output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the step-down chip 52. The output terminal of the step-down chip 52 is connected to the output circuit 53, and the output terminal of the output circuit 53 is connected to the control module 2, the voltage detection module 1, and the relay control module 3.

[0040] Furthermore, the filter circuit 51 includes a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2 connected in parallel. One common node of the parallel connection between the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 is connected to a 24V power supply, and the other common node is connected to the input terminal (ON_OFF) of the buck converter chip 52. The first capacitor C1 is an electrolytic capacitor, and the second capacitor C2 is a ceramic capacitor. The 24V power supply filters out low-frequency ripple through the first capacitor C1 and high-frequency noise through the second capacitor C2, achieving noise suppression of the input voltage and providing a stable input signal to the buck converter chip 52. The buck converter chip 52 outputs a 5V power supply.

[0041] Furthermore, the output circuit 53 includes an inductor L1, a Schottky diode D1, a first voltage divider resistor R1, a second voltage divider resistor R2, a third capacitor C3, and a fourth capacitor C4. The anode of the Schottky diode D1 is connected to the output terminal of the step-down chip 52, the first voltage divider resistor R1, and the second voltage divider resistor R2. The other end of the first voltage divider resistor R1 is connected to a common parallel node of the inductor L1, the third capacitor C3, and the fourth capacitor C4. The other end of the inductor L1 is connected to the output terminal of the step-down chip 52. The other end of the second voltage divider resistor R2 is grounded. The other common parallel node of the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded to GND.

[0042] Specifically, the inductor L1 and the Schottky diode D1 form a freewheeling loop in a Buck topology. When the internal switch of the buck chip 52 is turned off, the inductor L1 releases its stored energy to maintain the continuity of the output current, and the Schottky diode D1 provides a freewheeling path to avoid voltage surges. The first voltage divider resistor R1 and the second voltage divider resistor R2 form a voltage divider network, which feeds the output voltage back to the feedback terminal of the buck chip 52 proportionally. The buck chip 52 dynamically corrects the output by adjusting the PWM duty cycle to ensure voltage stability. The third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 are connected in parallel between the output terminal and ground to further suppress the ripple and noise of the output voltage, providing a stable power supply for the control module 2, the voltage detection module 1, and the relay control module 3.

[0043] Furthermore, the intelligent monitoring and anti-power-outage system for tram batteries provided by this utility model also includes an alarm module 6, a wireless communication module 7, a remote terminal 8, and a display module 9. The control module 2 is connected to the alarm module 6, the wireless communication module 7, and the display module 9. The remote terminal 8 is connected to the control module 2 through the wireless communication module 7. The wireless communication module 7 is preferably a WiFi module, and the display module 8 is preferably an OLED display module.

[0044] The working principle of the intelligent monitoring and anti-power-outage system for tram batteries provided by this utility model is explained in detail below:

[0045] During the system power-on initialization phase, power module 6 converts the 24V vehicle battery voltage to 5V through a step-down circuit based on the LM2596 step-down chip, providing a stable power supply for the ESP32-C3 control chip (control module 2) and peripheral circuits (including voltage detection module 1 and relay control module 3). After the system completes initialization, it enters continuous operation mode. At this time, the INA226 high-precision voltage / current sensor (voltage detection module 1) monitors the battery voltage data in real time. After ADC sampling, zero-point calibration, and gain correction, the digitized voltage data is transmitted to the ESP32-C3 control chip via the I2C bus for status discrimination and analysis.

[0046] When the monitored voltage falls below the preset pantograph raising threshold, the ESP32-C3 control chip triggers a power supply warning logic: the OLED display module outputs a "waiting for confirmation" status indication, and simultaneously initiates a pantograph raising command request to the remote terminal 8 (Home Assistant mobile app) via the wireless communication module 7. After the user confirms the pantograph raising operation through the HA interactive interface, the ESP32-C3 control chip outputs a control signal to the relay control module 3, driving the pantograph raising relay RPTBR to engage, completing the pantograph raising action; simultaneously, the status information is updated to the local display and the remote terminal 8 via the communication link.

[0047] After the pantograph is raised, the system enters a charging monitoring closed loop: the INA226 module continuously collects voltage data. When the voltage rises back to the full charge threshold, the ESP32-C3 control chip triggers the pantograph lowering logic—by cutting off the power supply to the raising relay RPTBR and enabling the lowering relay LPDR through the relay control module 3, the pantograph is lowered, and the status of the local OLED display and remote terminal 8 is updated. If the system does not receive a valid command within the set timeout period, or if the communication module detects a link failure (such as Wi-Fi disconnection), a safety protection mechanism is triggered: the relay control output is cut off, and the system enters a "waiting to connect" state to ensure the safety of the system and on-board equipment.

[0048] Throughout the operation, the OLED display module provides real-time feedback on the system status, creating a local human-machine interface. The remote terminal 8 uses the HA interface to monitor the status and interact with commands, forming a closed-loop anti-power-feedback strategy of "intelligent status judgment → manual interaction confirmation → control logic execution → safety status rollback" to ensure the reliable operation of the tram's battery system.

[0049] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A tram battery intelligent monitoring and anti-feedback system, characterized in that, include: Voltage detection module, control module, relay control module, and pantograph control module; The voltage detection module's data communication pin is connected to the control module, and the voltage detection module's detection pin is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery. The control module is connected to the pantograph control module through the relay control module, and the pantograph control module is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery.

2. The tram battery intelligent monitoring and anti-feedback system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pantograph control module includes a pantograph power supply circuit breaker, a main circuit enable switch, a pantograph raising switch, a pantograph raising relay, a pantograph lowering switch, and a pantograph lowering relay. One end of the pantograph power supply circuit breaker is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, and the other end is connected to the main circuit enable switch. The other end of the main circuit enable switch is connected to the parallel common node of the pantograph raising switch and the pantograph lowering switch. The other end of the pantograph raising switch is connected to the pantograph raising relay, and the other end of the pantograph lowering switch is connected to the pantograph lowering relay. The pantograph raising relay and the pantograph lowering relay are connected to the negative terminal of the battery.

3. The intelligent monitoring and anti-power-outage system for tram batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that, The raising switch and the lowering switch are connected to the relay control module.

4. The tram battery intelligent monitoring and anti-feedback system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a power supply module, which includes a filter circuit, a step-down chip, and an output circuit. The input terminal of the filter circuit is connected to a 24V power supply, and its output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the step-down chip. The output terminal of the step-down chip is connected to the output circuit, and the output terminal of the output circuit is connected to the control module, the voltage detection module, and the relay control module.

5. The tram battery intelligent monitoring and anti-feedback system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The filter circuit includes a first capacitor and a second capacitor connected in parallel. One parallel common node of the first capacitor and the second capacitor is connected to a 24V power supply, and the other parallel common node is connected to the input terminal of the step-down chip.

6. The tram battery intelligent monitoring and anti- feedback system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The output circuit includes an inductor, a Schottky diode, a first voltage divider resistor, a second voltage divider resistor, a third capacitor, and a fourth capacitor. The anode of the Schottky diode is connected to the output terminal of the buck converter chip, the first voltage divider resistor, and the second voltage divider resistor. The other end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to a common parallel node of the inductor, the third capacitor, and the fourth capacitor. The other end of the inductor is connected to the output terminal of the buck converter chip. The other end of the second voltage divider resistor is grounded. The other common parallel node of the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor is grounded.

7. The tram battery intelligent monitoring and anti- feedback system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an alarm module, and the control module is connected to the alarm module.

8. The tram battery intelligent monitoring and anti- feedback system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a wireless communication module, which is connected to the control module.

9. The tram battery intelligent monitoring and anti- feedback system according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a remote terminal, which is connected to the control module via the wireless communication module.

10. The intelligent monitoring and anti-power-outage system for tram batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a display module, which is connected to the control module.

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