Battery control system and electric device

Abstract

This application relates to the field of battery control technology and discloses a battery control system and electrical equipment, including a switch, an electrical connector, a first relay, and at least two battery modules connected in series to form a circuit. The switch includes a first connection terminal, a second connection terminal, and a third connection terminal. The first connection terminal is electrically connected to adjacent battery modules, the second connection terminal is electrically connected to the electrical connector and the first relay, and the third connection terminal is electrically connected to both battery modules and the electrical connector. When the switch is switched to the first state, the first and second connection terminals are electrically connected. When the switch is switched to the second state, the first and third connection terminals are electrically connected. When the switch is switched to the third state, both the second and third connection terminals are disconnected from the first connection terminal. In the event of a failure in a single battery module or the first relay, the state of the switch can be switched to allow other battery modules to continue supplying power normally through the electrical connector.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery control technology, specifically to a battery control system and electrical equipment. Background Technology

[0002] For electrically powered vehicles, the power comes from a battery pack, which consists of multiple battery modules connected in series. Electrical connectors and relays are connected in series with each battery module to form a circuit, and the relays are used to open or close this circuit. The vehicle's electric motor is connected to the electrical connector, allowing the electric motor to draw power from the battery pack through the connector.

[0003] However, since multiple battery modules are connected in series with relays, when one of the battery modules or relays fails, the entire battery pack will lose its electrical connection with the electrical connector, lose its power supply, and directly cause the vehicle to lose power.

[0004] Therefore, how to solve or improve the problem of a single battery module or relay failure causing the entire battery pack to lose its power supply capability has become an important technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, this application provides a battery control system and electrical equipment to solve or improve the problem that a single battery module failure causes the entire battery pack to lose its power supply capability.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a battery control system, including a switch and an electrical connector, a first relay, and at least two battery modules connected in series to form a circuit.

[0007] The switch includes a first connection terminal, a second connection terminal, and a third connection terminal. The first connection terminal is electrically connected to the circuit between adjacent battery modules, the second connection terminal is electrically connected to the circuit between the electrical connector and the first relay, and the third connection terminal is electrically connected to the circuit between the battery module and the electrical connector.

[0008] The switch can switch between a first state, a second state, and a third state, wherein,

[0009] When the switch is switched to the first state, the first connection terminal and the second connection terminal are electrically connected.

[0010] When the switch is switched to the second state, the first connection terminal and the third connection terminal are electrically connected.

[0011] When the switch is switched to the third state, both the second connection terminal and the third connection terminal are disconnected from the first connection terminal.

[0012] In one alternative implementation, it further includes:

[0013] The second relay, the electrical connector, the first relay, at least two of the battery modules and the second relay are connected in series to form the circuit, and the third connection terminal is electrically connected to the circuit between the second relay and the electrical connector.

[0014] In one alternative implementation, it further includes:

[0015] The branch line is electrically connected at both ends to the two sides of the first relay, respectively;

[0016] The third relay is installed on the branch line;

[0017] A resistor is disposed on the branch line and connected in series with the third relay.

[0018] In one alternative implementation, it further includes:

[0019] A fuse is connected in series in the circuit.

[0020] In one alternative implementation, the fuse is connected in series between the first relay and the battery module.

[0021] In one alternative implementation, it further includes:

[0022] A current sensor, connected in series in the circuit, is used to detect the current in the circuit.

[0023] In one optional embodiment, the current sensor is connected in series in the circuit between the battery module and the electrical connector, and the third connection terminal is electrically connected to the electrical connector through the current sensor.

[0024] In one alternative implementation, the switch further includes:

[0025] An electrical connector, electrically connected to the first connection end, and adapted to switch between a first position, a second position, and a third position.

[0026] When the electrical connector is switched to the first position, the electrical connector is connected to the second connection end;

[0027] When the electrical connector is switched to the second position, the electrical connector is connected to the third connection end;

[0028] When the electrical connector is switched to the third position, both the second connection end and the third connection end are separated from the electrical connector.

[0029] In one optional embodiment, at least three battery modules are provided, and the circuit between each pair of adjacent battery modules is connected to the first connection terminal of a switch, the second connection terminal of each switch is electrically connected to the circuit between the electrical connector and the first relay, and the third connection terminal of each switch is electrically connected to the circuit between the battery module and the electrical connector.

[0030] Secondly, this application also provides an electrical device, including any of the battery control systems described above.

[0031] In one alternative implementation, the electrical equipment is a vehicle, and the vehicle further includes an electric motor that is electrically connected to the electrical connector.

[0032] This application provides a battery control system. When a first relay or a battery module closer to the first relay in an adjacent battery module fails, a switch is switched to a first state. In this state, the battery module furthest from the first relay in the adjacent battery module can form a circuit through the switch, the battery module, and the electrical connector. Thus, the battery module furthest from the first relay in the adjacent battery module can normally supply power to the outside through the electrical connector. When a battery module furthest from the first relay in the adjacent battery module fails, the switch is switched to a second state. In this state, the battery module closer to the first relay in the adjacent battery module can form a circuit through the switch, the battery module, and the electrical connector. Thus, the battery module closer to the first relay in the adjacent battery module can normally supply power to the outside through the electrical connector. Therefore, when a single battery module or the first relay fails, the switch state can be switched to allow other battery modules to normally supply power to the outside through the electrical connector. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments or related technologies of this application, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery control system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another battery control system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another battery control system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0038] 1. Electrical connector; 2. First relay; 3. Battery module; 4. Switch; 41. First connection terminal; 42. Second connection terminal; 43. Third connection terminal; 44. Electrical connector; 5. Second relay; 6. Branch line; 7. Third relay; 8. Resistor; 9. Fuse; 10. Current sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 3 This describes an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] According to embodiments of this application, in one aspect, a battery control system is provided, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the device includes: an electrical connector 1, a first relay 2, at least two battery modules 3, connecting lines, and a switch 4. The electrical connector 1, the first relay 2, and the at least two battery modules 3 are connected in series to form a circuit. The electrical connector 1 is used to connect to the electrical device. When the electrical device is electrically connected to the electrical connector 1, the battery modules 3 can supply power to the electrical device through the electrical connector 1.

[0042] The switch 4 includes a first connection terminal 41, a second connection terminal 42, and a third connection terminal 43. The first connection terminal 41 is electrically connected to the adjacent battery module 3. The second connection terminal 42 is electrically connected to the electrical connector 1 and the first relay 2. The third connection terminal 43 is electrically connected to the battery module 3 and the electrical connector 1. The switch 4 can switch between the first state, the second state, and the third state.

[0043] When switch 4 is switched to the first state, the first connection terminal 41 and the second connection terminal 42 are electrically connected. The circuit between adjacent battery modules 3 is electrically connected through the circuit between switch 4, electrical connector 1, and first relay 2. At this time, the battery module 3 furthest from the first relay 2 among the adjacent battery modules can be electrically connected through switch 4, electrical connector 1, and first relay 2 to form a loop.

[0044] When switch 4 is switched to the second state, the first connection terminal 41 and the third connection terminal 43 are electrically connected. The circuit between adjacent battery modules 3 is electrically connected through switch 4 to the circuit between battery module 3 and electrical connector 1. At this time, the battery module 3 closest to the first relay 2 among the adjacent battery modules can be electrically connected through switch 4 to the circuit between battery module 3 and electrical connector 1 to form a loop.

[0045] When switch 4 is switched to the third state, both the second connection terminal 42 and the third connection terminal 43 are disconnected from the first connection terminal 41.

[0046] Under normal conditions, when switch 4 is switched to the third state, the circuit between adjacent battery modules 3 and the electrical connector 1 are not directly electrically connected, and each battery module 3 can supply power to the outside through the electrical connector 1.

[0047] When the first relay 2 or the battery module 3 closest to the first relay 2 in an adjacent battery module 3 malfunctions, the switch 4 is switched to the first state. At this time, the battery module 3 furthest from the first relay 2 in the adjacent battery module 3 can form a circuit through the switch 4, the battery module 3 and the electrical connector 1. Thus, the battery module 3 furthest from the first relay 2 in the adjacent battery module 3 can normally supply power to the outside through the electrical connector 1.

[0048] When the battery module 3 furthest from the first relay 2 in an adjacent battery module 3 malfunctions, switch 4 is switched to the second state. At this time, the battery module 3 closest to the first relay 2 in the adjacent battery module 3 can form a circuit through the circuit between switch 4, the battery module 3, and the electrical connector 1. Thus, the battery module 3 closest to the first relay 2 in the adjacent battery module 3 can normally supply power to the outside through the electrical connector 1.

[0049] With this configuration, in the event of a failure in a single battery module 3 or the first relay 2, the state of the switch 4 can be switched so that other battery modules 3 can be powered normally through the electrical connector 1.

[0050] It is worth noting that since the battery modules 3 are connected in series, when a certain battery module 3 fails, although other normal battery modules 3 can be powered to the outside through the electrical connector 1 by adjusting the switch 4, the power supply voltage drops at this time. It should not be used for a long time and is only suitable for ensuring power supply to the outside for a short period of time.

[0051] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the battery control system also includes a second relay 5. The electrical connector 1, the first relay 2, at least two battery modules 3, and the second relay 5 are connected in series to form a circuit. With this configuration, the second relay 5 can also control the on / off state of the circuit.

[0052] The third connection terminal 43 of switch 4 is electrically connected to the circuit between the second relay 5 and the electrical connector 1. When switch 4 is switched to the second state, the first connection terminal 41 and the third connection terminal 43 are electrically connected. The circuit between adjacent battery modules 3 is electrically connected through the circuit between switch 4, the second relay 5, and the electrical connector 1. At this time, the battery module 3 closest to the first relay 2 can be electrically connected through switch 4 to the circuit between the battery module 3 and the electrical connector 1 to form a loop.

[0053] When the second relay 5 or the battery module 3 furthest from the first relay 2 in an adjacent battery module 3 malfunctions, switch 4 is switched to the second state. At this time, the battery module 3 furthest from the second relay 5 in the adjacent battery module 3 can form a circuit through the electrical conduction between switch 4, the battery module 3, and the electrical connector 1. Thus, the battery module 3 furthest from the second relay 5 in the adjacent battery module 3 can normally supply power to the outside through the electrical connector 1.

[0054] With this configuration, in the event of a failure in a single battery module 3, the first relay 2, or the second relay 5, the state of the switch 4 can be switched to allow other battery modules 3 to supply power normally to the outside via the electrical connector 1.

[0055] The first relay 2 is the main positive relay, and the second relay 5 is the main negative relay.

[0056] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the battery control system also includes a branch line 6, a third relay 7, and a resistor 8. The two ends of the branch line 6 are electrically connected to both sides of the first relay 2, thus the branch line 6 is connected in parallel with the first relay 2. The third relay 7 and the resistor 8 are both mounted on the branch line 6 and connected in parallel. In this configuration, the third relay 7 acts as a pre-charge relay, and the resistor 8 acts as a pre-charge resistor. The pre-charge relay and pre-charge resistor work together to limit the capacitor charging current, preventing large current surges that could damage components and ensuring safe system startup.

[0057] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the battery control system also includes a fuse 9. The fuse 9 is connected in series in the circuit. The fuse 9 is a one-time circuit protection device based on current overload protection. Its core function is to automatically cut off the current path by melting the internal conductive element when the current in the circuit exceeds a preset safety threshold (such as a short circuit or severe overload), thereby preventing equipment damage, fires, and other safety accidents. Installing the fuse 9 in the circuit provides protection for the entire circuit.

[0058] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, fuse 9 is connected in series between the first relay 2 and the battery module 3. With this configuration, when fuse 9 blows, switch 4 can be switched to the first state. Although fuse 9 is open, the battery module 3 furthest from the first relay 2 can still form a circuit through the circuit between switch 4, the battery module 3, and the electrical connector 1. Therefore, the battery module 3 furthest from the first relay 2 can still supply power normally through the electrical connector 1.

[0059] This allows some battery modules 3 to continue supplying power even after the fuse 9 blows, by switching the state of switch 4.

[0060] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the battery control system also includes a current sensor 10, which is connected in series in the circuit. The current sensor 10 can detect the current in the circuit so that the magnitude of the current flowing in the circuit can be known in real time.

[0061] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the current sensor 10 is connected in series in the circuit between the battery module 3 and the electrical connector 1. At the same time, the third connection terminal 43 is electrically connected to the electrical connector 1 through the current sensor 10.

[0062] When the switch is switched to the first state, the first connection terminal 41 and the second connection terminal 42 are electrically connected. The circuit between adjacent battery modules 3 is electrically connected through the switch 4 to the circuit between the electrical connector 1 and the first relay 2. At this time, the battery module 3 furthest from the first relay 2 can be electrically connected through the switch 4 to the circuit between the electrical connector 1 and the first relay 2 to form a loop. Since the current sensor 10 is connected in series in the circuit between the battery module 3 and the electrical connector 1, the current sensor 10 can detect the current in the loop at this time.

[0063] When switch 4 is switched to the second state, the first connection terminal 41 and the third connection terminal 43 are electrically connected. The circuit between adjacent battery modules 3 is electrically connected through switch 4 to the circuit between battery module 3 and electrical connector 1. At this time, the battery module 3 closest to the first relay 2 can be electrically connected through switch 4 to the circuit between battery module 3 and electrical connector 1 to form a loop. Since the third connection terminal 43 is electrically connected to electrical connector 1 through current sensor 10, current sensor 10 can detect the current in the loop at this time.

[0064] When switch 4 is switched to the third state, both the second connection terminal 42 and the third connection terminal 43 are disconnected from the first connection terminal 41. The circuit formed by the electrical connector 1, the first relay 2, and at least two battery modules 3 connected in series is normally conductive. Since the current sensor 10 is connected in series in the circuit between the battery module 3 and the electrical connector 1, the current sensor 10 can detect the current in the circuit.

[0065] With this configuration, the current sensor 10 can always detect the current in the circuit, regardless of the circumstances.

[0066] In one embodiment, the switch 4 further includes an electrical connector 44. The electrical connector 44 is electrically connected to the first connection terminal 41 and is switchable between a first position, a second position, and a third position.

[0067] When the electrical connector 44 is switched to the first position, the electrical connector 44 is connected to the second connection end 42 and energized, thereby making the first connection end 41 and the second connection end 42 electrically connected through the electrical connector 44.

[0068] When the electrical connector 44 is switched to the second position, the electrical connector 44 is connected to the third connection terminal 43 and energized, thereby making the first connection terminal 41 and the third connection terminal 43 electrically connected through the electrical connector 44.

[0069] When the electrical connector 44 is switched to the third position, both the second connection end 42 and the third connection end 43 are separated from the electrical connector 44 and the electrical connection is broken. At this time, neither the second connection end 42 nor the third connection end 43 can be electrically connected to the first connection end 41.

[0070] Specifically, the electrical connector 44 can be hinged, and the first connecting end 41 is electrically connected to the hinge of the electrical connector 44, thereby being electrically connected to the electrical connector 44. The electrical connector 44 can rotate and switch between a first position, a second position, and a third position.

[0071] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, at least three battery modules 3 are provided, and the circuit between each pair of adjacent battery modules 3 is connected to the first connection terminal 41 of a switch 4. The second connection terminal 42 of each switch 4 is electrically connected to the circuit between the electrical connector 1 and the first relay 2, respectively, and the third connection terminal 43 of each switch 4 is electrically connected to the circuit between the battery module 3 and the electrical connector 1, respectively.

[0072] Taking three battery modules 3 as an example, the three battery modules 3 are connected in series. The circuit between the first battery module 3 and the second battery module 3 is connected to the first connection terminal 41 of the first switch 4, and the circuit between the second battery module 3 and the third battery module 3 is connected to the first connection terminal 41 of the second switch 4. The second connection terminal 42 of the first switch 4 is electrically connected to the circuit between the electrical connector 1 and the first relay 2; the second connection terminal 42 of the second switch 4 is also electrically connected to the circuit between the electrical connector 1 and the first relay 2. The third connection terminal 43 of the first switch 4 is electrically connected to the circuit between the battery module 3 and the electrical connector 1; the third connection terminal 43 of the second switch 4 is also electrically connected to the circuit between the battery module 3 and the electrical connector 1.

[0073] When the first battery module 3 fails, the first switch 4 is switched to the first state. The second and third battery modules 3 can then be connected in series and electrically connected through the circuit between the first switch 4, the electrical connector 1, and the first relay 2, forming a loop. Thus, the second and third battery modules 3 can discharge normally through the electrical connector 1.

[0074] When the second battery module 3 malfunctions, the first switch 4 is switched to the second state. The first battery module 3 can then be electrically connected to the circuit between the first switch 4, the battery module 3, and the electrical connector 1, forming a loop. This allows the first battery module 3 to discharge normally through the electrical connector 1.

[0075] Alternatively, switching the second switch 4 to the first state will allow the third battery module 3 to be electrically connected to the circuit between the first switch 4, the electrical connector 1, and the first relay 2, forming a loop. This allows the third battery module 3 to discharge normally through the electrical connector 1.

[0076] When the third battery module 3 fails, the second switch 4 is switched to the second state. The first and second battery modules 3 can then be connected in series and electrically connected through the second switch 4 to the circuit between the battery module 3 and the electrical connector 1, forming a loop. Thus, the first and second battery modules 3 can discharge normally through the electrical connector 1.

[0077] When the first battery module 3 and the third battery module 3 fail, the first switch 4 is switched to the first state, and the second switch 4 is switched to the second state. This allows the second battery module 3 to be electrically connected to the circuit between the first switch 4, the electrical connector 1, and the first relay 2, and also to the circuit between the second switch 4, the battery module 3, and the electrical connector 1, forming a loop. Thus, the second battery module 3 can discharge normally through the electrical connector 1.

[0078] With this setup, regardless of which battery modules 3 are faulty, as long as one battery module 3 is normal, the state of the switch 4 can be switched so that the normal battery module 3 can supply power to the outside through the electrical connector 1.

[0079] According to an embodiment of this application, another aspect provides an electrical device, which includes an electrical component and any of the aforementioned battery control systems, wherein the electrical component is electrically connected to an electrical connector 1. The technical effects of this electrical device are the same as those of the battery control system, and therefore will not be described further.

[0080] In one embodiment, the electrical equipment is a vehicle, and the vehicle also includes an electric motor that is electrically connected to an electrical connector 1.

[0081] When a single battery module 3 or the first relay 2 fails, the state of the switch 4 can be switched to allow other battery modules 3 to supply power to the motor normally through the electrical connector 1. This allows the user to use the power from the other battery modules 3 to drive the vehicle to a repair shop without waiting for roadside assistance.

[0082] Although embodiments of this application have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of this application, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by this application.

Claims

1. A battery control system, characterized by, Includes a switch (4) and an electrical connector (1) connected in series to form a circuit, a first relay (2) and at least two battery modules (3); The switch (4) includes a first connection terminal (41), a second connection terminal (42) and a third connection terminal (43). The first connection terminal (41) is electrically connected to the adjacent battery module (3). The second connection terminal (42) is electrically connected to the electrical connector (1) and the first relay (2). The third connection terminal (43) is electrically connected to the battery module (3) and the electrical connector (1). The switch (4) can switch between a first state, a second state, and a third state, wherein, When the switch (4) is switched to the first state, the first connection terminal (41) and the second connection terminal (42) are electrically connected; When the switch (4) is switched to the second state, the first connection terminal (41) and the third connection terminal (43) are electrically connected; When the switch (4) is switched to the third state, both the second connection terminal (42) and the third connection terminal (43) are disconnected from the first connection terminal (41).

2. The battery control system of claim 1, wherein, Also includes: The second relay (5), the electrical connector (1), the first relay (2), at least two of the battery modules (3) and the second relay (5) are connected in series to form the circuit, and the third connection terminal (43) is electrically connected to the circuit between the second relay (5) and the electrical connector (1).

3. The battery control system of claim 1, wherein, Also includes: The branch line (6) is electrically connected at both ends to the two sides of the first relay (2); The third relay (7) is installed on the branch line (6); A resistor (8) is disposed on the branch line (6) and connected in series with the third relay (7).

4. The battery control system of claim 1, wherein, Also includes: A fuse (9) is connected in series in the circuit.

5. The battery control system of claim 4, wherein, The fuse (9) is connected in series between the first relay (2) and the battery module (3).

6. The battery control system of claim 1, wherein, Also includes: A current sensor (10) is connected in series in the circuit to detect the current in the circuit.

7. The battery control system of claim 6, wherein, The current sensor (10) is connected in series in the circuit between the battery module (3) and the electrical connector (1), and the third connection terminal (43) is electrically connected to the electrical connector (1) through the current sensor (10).

8. The battery control system of claim 1, wherein, The switch (4) also includes: Electrical connector (44), electrically connected to the first connection end (41), and adapted to switch between a first position, a second position, and a third position. When the electrical connector (44) is switched to the first position, the electrical connector (44) is connected to the second connection end (42); When the electrical connector (44) is switched to the second position, the electrical connector (44) is connected to the third connection end (43); When the electrical connector (44) is switched to the third position, both the second connection end (42) and the third connection end (43) are separated from the electrical connector (44).

9. The battery control system of claim 1, wherein, At least three battery modules (3) are provided. The circuit between each pair of adjacent battery modules (3) is connected to the first connection terminal (41) of a switch (4). The second connection terminal (42) of each switch (4) is electrically connected to the circuit between the electrical connector (1) and the first relay (2). The third connection terminal (43) of each switch (4) is electrically connected to the circuit between the battery module (3) and the electrical connector (1).

10. An electric device, characterized by Includes the battery control system described in any one of claims 1-9.

11. The powered device of claim 10, wherein, The electrical equipment is a vehicle, and the vehicle includes an electric motor, which is electrically connected to the electrical connector (1).

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