Friction coupling for a switch machine and switch machine system

Abstract

This application relates to a friction coupling for a switch machine and a switch machine system. A friction coupling for a switch machine is disclosed, the switch machine including steel plates, a hub, and a lead screw. The steel plates are fixed to the hub, which drives the lead screw to drive the switch machine for turnout switching. The friction coupling includes: a guide shaft with multiple disc springs mating on it, the disc springs generating preload through compression, and the guide shaft having an end face pushed by the preload; multiple friction plates with a steel plate sandwiched in between; and a pressure cap positioned opposite the friction plates on the opposite side of the guide shaft. One side of the friction plates mates with the end face of the guide shaft, and the other side mates with the pressure cap. The preload of the disc springs is transmitted to the friction plates through the guide shaft and the pressure cap, driving the steel plate through the friction between the friction plates and the steel plate. This technical solution solves the problems of frictional attenuation and uneven friction between the left and right sides in existing friction couplings, as well as the resulting high maintenance intensity and increased cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mechanical control. Specifically, this application relates to friction couplings for switch machines and switch machine systems. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial component of railway signaling systems, switch machines are primarily used to control the switching of track switches, ensuring the direction and safety of train travel. One of their core components, the friction coupler, is a key device that protects the motor and mechanical structure from overload damage by generating controllable frictional force. Switch machines are equipped with friction couplers to absorb rotational inertia and protect the motor from overload. Traditional friction couplers use springs to generate frictional force to accommodate various resistances that may be encountered during switch switching.

[0003] In railway turnout operation, friction couplings, as key safety and control components in switch machines, bear the heavy responsibility of changing turnout positions and ensuring that motors and mechanical components are protected from overload damage. According to the GB / T25338.1-2019 standard, friction couplings must be designed to withstand at least 1.5 times the rated switching force, while ensuring that the deviation of forward and reverse friction force does not exceed 15% of the rated switching force. Traditional friction couplings rely on ordinary springs to generate the necessary friction force. However, over time, the natural decay of the springs leads to a decrease in friction force, requiring frequent manual intervention to adjust the spring force, increasing maintenance costs. Furthermore, the springs act directly on the friction plates, and the varying degrees of decay among different springs can easily cause uneven friction force distribution, affecting the performance consistency of the friction coupling. These problems are particularly prominent in modern high-speed, heavy-haul railway transportation systems. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a friction coupling for a switch machine and a switch machine system to at least solve the problem of frictional force deviation caused by inconsistent spring decay in the prior art.

[0005] One aspect of this application provides a friction coupling for a switch machine, which includes steel plates, a hub, and a lead screw. The steel plates are fixed to the hub, which drives the lead screw to drive the switch machine for turnout switching. The friction coupling includes a guide shaft with multiple disc springs mating on it. The disc springs generate a preload through compression. The guide shaft has an end face pushed by the preload. Multiple friction plates are provided, with a steel plate sandwiched between them. A pressure cap is positioned opposite the friction plates on the guide shaft. One side of the friction plates mates with the end face of the guide shaft, and the other side mates with the pressure cap. The preload of the disc springs is transmitted to the friction plates through the guide shaft and the pressure cap, driving the steel plate through the friction between the friction plates and the steel plate.

[0006] The friction coupling of this application significantly improves the stability and consistency of friction force transmission by adopting a disc spring mating arrangement, avoiding the friction force deviation problem caused by inconsistent spring decay in traditional spring structures, thereby improving the reliability of the switch machine and reducing maintenance frequency and cost.

[0007] In an exemplary embodiment, the friction coupler further includes a base surrounding a guide shaft, and an adjustment cover is disposed on the guide shaft, the adjustment cover being threadedly connected to the base. The adjustment cover compresses the disc spring by tightening the threads.

[0008] This method solves the problem of inconvenient preload adjustment. By adjusting the tightening of the cover to compress the disc spring, stable control of friction is achieved.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment, the adjustment cover has multiple evenly distributed adjustment grooves and is connected to the guide shaft via fine thread.

[0010] This method solves the problem of insufficient friction adjustment accuracy. The multiple evenly distributed adjustment grooves and fine threads ensure fine adjustment of the preload, improving the performance consistency of the friction coupler.

[0011] In an exemplary embodiment, the plurality of friction plates include an outer friction plate and an inner friction plate sandwiched between the outer friction plates. One side of the outer friction plate engages with the end face of the guide shaft, and the other side engages with the pressure cap. Under the preload of the disc spring, the inner friction plate is clamped, and the inner friction plate is in direct contact with the steel plate, applying frictional force to the steel plate and driving the steel plate.

[0012] This method solves the problem of uneven friction transmission. The outer friction plate cooperates with the guide shaft and the pressure cap, and the inner friction plate is tightened by the preload of the disc spring, ensuring that the friction force is evenly applied to the steel plate and improving the force transmission efficiency.

[0013] In an exemplary embodiment, four disc springs are arranged in pairs on the guide shaft, with each pair of disc springs separated by a partition.

[0014] This method solves the problem of uneven force distribution on the disc springs. The four disc springs arranged in pairs are separated by partitions to achieve balanced force distribution, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the friction coupling.

[0015] In an exemplary embodiment, a sealing groove is provided on the guide shaft, and an O-ring is installed in the sealing groove.

[0016] This method solves the problem of friction plates being easily contaminated. The O-ring seal on the guide shaft effectively isolates the external environment, keeps the friction plates clean, and reduces the risk of friction loss.

[0017] In an exemplary embodiment, the friction coupler also includes a gear located at one end of the friction coupler, fixed between the base and the pressure cover, receiving the rotational power of the motor and transmitting it to the hub through a steel sheet for driving the lead screw.

[0018] This method solves the problem of low power conversion efficiency. The gear configuration improves the conversion efficiency of motor power to friction coupling, ensuring the accuracy and timeliness of turnout switching.

[0019] In an exemplary embodiment, the friction coupler also includes a key that cooperates with a lead screw to transmit torque from the hub to the lead screw.

[0020] This method solves the problem of unstable torque transmission. The cooperation between the key and the lead screw ensures that the torque is smoothly transmitted from the hub to the lead screw, achieving an efficient conversion from rotation to linear motion.

[0021] In an exemplary embodiment, the steel sheet and the wheel hub are engaged by a slot.

[0022] This method solves the problem of weak connection between the steel sheet and the wheel hub. The slotted fit improves the connection stability between the steel sheet and the wheel hub, ensuring the reliability of friction transmission.

[0023] One aspect of this application provides a switch machine system, including a switch machine comprising steel plates, a hub, and a lead screw. The steel plates are fixed to the hub, which drives the lead screw to drive the switch machine for turnout switching. It also includes a friction coupling comprising a guide shaft with multiple disc springs mating on it. The disc springs generate a preload through compression, and the guide shaft has an end face pushed by the preload. Multiple friction plates are also included, with a steel plate sandwiched between them. A pressure cap is positioned opposite the friction plates on the guide shaft. One side of the friction plates engages with the end face of the guide shaft, and the other side engages with the pressure cap. The preload of the disc springs is transmitted to the friction plates through the guide shaft and the pressure cap, driving the steel plate through the friction between the friction plates and the steel plate.

[0024] The friction coupler of the switch machine system in this application adopts a disc spring mating arrangement, which significantly improves the stability and consistency of friction force transmission, avoids the friction force deviation problem caused by inconsistent spring decay in traditional spring structures, thereby improving the reliability of the switch machine and reducing maintenance frequency and cost.

[0025] The friction coupling proposed in this application not only solves the problems of frictional attenuation and unevenness between left and right sides, but also reduces maintenance intensity, improves the durability and operating efficiency of the equipment, and has a significant positive impact on the reliability and stability of railway turnout switching machines. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a friction coupling for a switch machine according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of a friction coupling for a switch machine according to an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a switch machine system according to an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a side view of a switch machine system according to an exemplary embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0032] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or device that comprises a series of steps, modules, or units is not necessarily limited to those explicitly listed, but may include other steps, modules, or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0033] According to an embodiment of this application, a friction coupling for a switch machine is provided. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a friction coupling for a switch machine according to an embodiment of this application.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the friction coupling 10 includes a guide shaft 109, a plurality of friction plates 110, and a pressure cap 114.

[0035] Multiple disc springs 106 are arranged in pairs on the guide shaft 109. The disc springs 106 generate preload through compression, and the guide shaft 109 has an end face 1091 that is pushed by the preload. A steel plate 22 of a switch machine is sandwiched between multiple friction plates 110. The steel plate 22 is fixed to the hub of the switch machine, which drives the lead screw of the switch machine to switch the track. A pressure cap 114 is positioned opposite the multiple friction plates 110 on the guide shaft 109. One side of the multiple friction plates 110 mates with the end face 1091 of the guide shaft, and the other side of the multiple friction plates 110 mates with the pressure cap 114. The preload of the disc springs 106 is transmitted to the multiple friction plates 110 through the guide shaft 109 and the pressure cap 114, and the steel plate 22 is driven by the friction between the multiple friction plates 110 and the steel plate 22.

[0036] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the core working principle and the interaction between components of a friction coupling 10 for a switch machine. The figure clearly shows the center of a guide shaft 109, on which multiple disc springs 106 are arranged in mating fashion. Each disc spring possesses specific elastic properties and can generate preload through compression. The end face 1091 of the guide shaft 109 is designed to be in close contact with the disc springs 106, thus receiving thrust when the disc springs are compressed.

[0037] Steel plate 22 is positioned between multiple friction plates 110. Steel plate 22 itself is fixed to the hub of the switch machine, which is a key component for driving the lead screw to switch the track. One side of the friction plate 110 is tightly fitted with the end face 1091 of the guide shaft 109, while the other side contacts the pressure cap 114. This design allows the preload generated by the disc spring 106 to be effectively transmitted along the guide shaft 109 and the pressure cap 114 to the multiple friction plates 110, thereby driving the steel plate 22 to move through the friction between the friction plates 110 and the steel plate 22.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of a friction coupling for a switch machine according to an exemplary embodiment of this application. Figure 2 A more detailed construction view of the friction coupler 10 is provided. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a switch machine system according to an exemplary embodiment of this application. Figure 4 This is a side view of a switch machine system according to an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0039] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the friction coupling 10 also includes a base 115 surrounding the guide shaft 109, and an adjustment cover 104 is provided on the guide shaft 109. The adjustment cover 104 is connected to the base 115 by threads. The adjustment cover 104 compresses the disc spring 106 by tightening the threads.

[0040] Specifically, in the construction of the friction coupler 10, the base 115 serves to support and enclose the entire mechanism. Its design surrounds and secures the guide shaft 109, providing a stable base for the friction coupler. An adjusting cap 104 mounted on the guide shaft 109 is tightly engaged with the base 115 via fine-pitch threads, forming an adjustable compression device. When the adjusting cap 104 is tightened along the threads, it applies pressure to the disc spring 106 located on the guide shaft 109, compressing the disc spring and thereby generating and adjusting the preload. This preload is then transmitted to the friction plates, ensuring that the friction coupler transmits stable and controllable frictional force in both directions, thus achieving precise control of turnout switching while protecting the motor from overload damage.

[0041] The adjusting cover 104 can be tightened by locking screw 23.

[0042] According to an exemplary embodiment, the adjusting cover 104 is provided with multiple evenly distributed adjusting grooves and connected to the guide shaft 109 via fine-pitch threads. The presence of these grooves allows the adjusting cover 104 to precisely control the compression of the disc spring 106 connected to the guide shaft 109 through minute displacements of the fine-pitch threads during rotation. The fine-pitch threads have a denser pitch than coarse-pitch threads, meaning that each rotation of the adjusting cover 104 allows for more precise adjustment of the disc spring 106's compression, thereby fine-tuning the preload. This adjustment mechanism not only allows users to adjust the friction force according to actual needs but also prevents preload drift due to vibration or temperature changes by locking the adjusted state, thus ensuring that the friction coupler maintains a stable and consistent friction force output under various conditions, improving the reliability of the friction coupler and the overall performance of the switch machine.

[0043] According to an exemplary embodiment, the plurality of friction plates 110 include an outer friction plate 113 and an inner friction plate 111 sandwiched between the outer friction plates 113. One side of the outer friction plate 113 engages with the end face 1091 of the guide shaft 109, and the other side engages with the pressure cap 114. Under the preload of the disc spring 106, the inner friction plate 111 is clamped, and the inner friction plate 111 is in direct contact with the steel plate 22, applying frictional force to the steel plate 22 and driving the steel plate 22.

[0044] Specifically, the multiple friction plates 110 are configured as outer friction plates 113 and inner friction plates 111, with the inner friction plates 111 sandwiched between the outer friction plates 113. The key to this design is that one side of the outer friction plate 113 forms a contact surface with the end face 1091 of the guide shaft 109, while the other side is tightly fitted with the pressure cap 114. When the disc spring 106 is compressed by the preload, the resulting force is transmitted to the outer friction plates 113 via the end face 1091 of the guide shaft 109. The outer friction plates 113 on both sides then apply force to the inner friction plate 111 in the middle, firmly clamping it. The inner friction plate 111 directly contacts the steel plate 22, transmitting power through the friction between them. When the motor drives the switch machine via gears and a lead screw, the friction causes the steel plate 22 to move, thereby driving the hub to perform subsequent turnout switching actions. This sandwich-type friction plate design, combined with the disc spring preload, ensures the effective and uniform transmission of frictional force, while protecting the motor and lead screw assembly from overload damage, thus improving the operational stability and reliability of the switch machine.

[0045] According to an exemplary embodiment, four disc springs 106 are arranged in pairs on the guide shaft 109, with each pair of disc springs 106 separated by a partition 107.

[0046] Specifically, "pairing" refers to the disc springs being placed face-to-face in pairs, with each pair separated by a partition 107. This design ensures that the disc springs are compressed evenly under preload, avoiding uneven stress caused by mutual interference between the disc springs. The partition 107 ensures the independent operation of each pair of disc springs 106, maintaining a uniform distribution of axial force even during spring compression or fatigue decay, thereby improving the stability and consistency of force transmission in the friction coupler. This symmetrical layout and spacing design enable the friction coupler to effectively handle unbalanced loads, reduce frictional deviations, and extend service life.

[0047] According to an exemplary embodiment, a sealing groove is provided on the guide shaft 109, and an O-ring 118 is installed in the sealing groove.

[0048] Specifically, the guide shaft 109 is specially designed with sealing grooves to provide a location for installing O-ring seals 118. The O-ring seals 118 are precisely embedded in these sealing grooves, forming a reliable sealing barrier. The key function of this design is to isolate the friction plates inside the friction coupler from the external environment, especially dust and oil, preventing them from entering the friction coupler and causing contamination and damage to critical components such as the friction plates and disc springs, thereby reducing the overall performance and stability of the friction coupler. By installing O-ring seals 118 in the sealing grooves on the guide shaft 109, not only is the sealing performance of the friction coupler improved, but its service life is also indirectly extended, reducing maintenance requirements.

[0049] According to an exemplary embodiment, the friction coupler 10 also includes a gear 116 located at one end of the friction coupler 10, fixed between the base 115 and the cover 114, receiving the rotational power of the motor and transmitting it to the hub through the steel plate 22 for driving the lead screw.

[0050] Specifically, gear 116 functions as a power transmission component, receiving rotational power from the motor and then transmitting it to the hub through interaction with the steel plate 22. This ultimately drives the lead screw to perform linear motion, completing the turnout switching task. Fixed between the base and the pressure plate, gear 116 receives torque from the motor by meshing its teeth with the gear on the motor's output shaft. Through contact with the steel plate 22, it converts the torque into frictional force, pushing the steel plate 22 and the hub to move, thereby driving the lead screw. This structural design ensures that the motor power can be efficiently and stably converted into power transmission within the friction coupler, a crucial component for the smooth operation of the friction coupler and the accurate turnout switching action of the switch machine.

[0051] In an exemplary embodiment, gear 116 is fixed between base 115 and pressure cover 114 by bolts or other means, forming a stable support structure. It forms a gear pair with the gear on the motor output shaft, receiving the rotational power of the motor through the meshing of the gears. Subsequently, through contact with steel plate 22, the received rotational power is converted into frictional force, thereby driving the hub, which in turn drives the lead screw to perform linear motion.

[0052] According to an exemplary embodiment, the friction coupler 10 also includes a key 26 that cooperates with the lead screw 21 to transmit torque from the hub 25 to the lead screw 21.

[0053] Specifically, key 26 forms a connection point between the lead screw 21 and the hub 25, restricting relative movement between them, especially in the radial direction. This means that when the hub 25 receives torque and rotates, key 26 prevents the hub from slipping relative to the lead screw, converting the torque into rotation of the lead screw. The lead screw then converts the rotational motion into linear motion through its threaded action to drive the turnout switching. Key 26 ensures that the rotational energy output from the motor is efficiently converted, improving the response speed and switching accuracy of the switch machine. Simultaneously, the use of the key also helps prevent improper slippage between the hub and the lead screw, protecting the mechanical system from damage and increasing the reliability and service life of the friction coupler and the switch machine as a whole.

[0054] According to an exemplary embodiment, the steel plate 22 and the wheel hub 25 are engaged via a slot. This connection mechanism is achieved by pre-designing and manufacturing mutually matching slot structures on the steel plate 22 and the wheel hub 25. The slot typically manifests as a series of grooves and protrusions, with the protrusions on the steel plate 22 precisely engaging the grooves in the wheel hub 25, and vice versa, thereby ensuring a robust mechanical connection between the two. A key advantage of this slot-fit design is that it eliminates the need for additional fasteners, such as screws or keys, to achieve a stable connection between the steel plate and the wheel hub, while allowing them to rotate together without relative slippage.

[0055] According to an exemplary embodiment, a skeleton oil seal 117 is also provided to isolate the interior of the friction connector from external dust. The skeleton oil seal consists of a lip seal made of an elastic material (such as rubber) and a metal skeleton (or reinforcement). The metal skeleton provides additional structural support, ensuring that the seal maintains its shape and sealing performance under high pressure or vibration conditions.

[0056] In an exemplary embodiment, the skeleton oil seal 117 is installed at the end of the guide shaft 109 or near the friction plate. By tightly fitting against the guide shaft or adjacent components, it prevents external dust, oil, or other impurities from entering the friction coupler. Since critical components of the friction coupler, such as the friction plate and disc spring, require high cleanliness, any external impurities can cause performance degradation, such as increasing the instability of the friction coefficient, accelerating component wear, or causing slippage. Therefore, the skeleton oil seal 117 protects the friction coupler from external environmental influences, maintaining its long-term stability and reliability.

[0057] In practical implementation, after the skeleton oil seal 117 is installed in place, it can maintain close contact with the guide shaft or other components. Even when the friction connector is subjected to vibration or temperature changes during operation, it can effectively seal and prevent dust and oil from entering.

[0058] This application also provides a switch machine system 1, including: a switch machine 20 and a friction coupler 10. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the switch machine 20 includes a steel plate 22, a hub 25, and a lead screw 21. The steel plate 22 is fixed on the hub 25, and the hub 25 is used to drive the lead screw 21 to drive the switch machine 20 to switch the turnout.

[0059] As described above, the friction coupling 10 will not be repeated here.

[0060] This application achieves stable, reliable, and low-maintenance friction couplings by introducing a mating arrangement of disc springs, an improved contact method between the guide shaft and the friction plate, and a precise preload adjustment mechanism, combined with sealing technology. Specifically, the mating arrangement of disc springs enhances the uniformity of force transmission, the guide shaft structure restricts the radial displacement of the disc springs, and the end-face contact method improves the stability of friction forces in both directions. Simultaneously, the sealing groove and O-ring effectively isolate external contamination, and the adjustable end cap, combined with fine-pitch threads and adjustment grooves, allows for more precise preload adjustment.

[0061] To address the problems of uneven friction force transmission, susceptibility to external contamination, and frequent adjustments and maintenance in existing switch machine friction couplings, this application focuses on three aspects: friction force stability, improved friction plate lifespan, and reduced maintenance intensity. These problems stem from the limitations of traditional spring structures, which easily lead to friction force deviations, premature component wear, and inconvenient maintenance.

[0062] The technical solution of this application significantly improves the quality of friction force transmission in the friction coupling, avoids safety hazards caused by friction force deviation, extends the service life of the friction plates, reduces maintenance workload, and thus lowers the overall operating cost of the switch machine system. Simultaneously, the application of sealing technology greatly improves dustproof and waterproof performance, reducing the impact of external factors on system operation. Through these improvements, this invention effectively enhances the reliability, stability, and efficiency of railway turnout switch machines, demonstrating significant practical value and economic benefits in the rail transit field.

[0063] In the above embodiments of this application, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0064] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the division of units or modules is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units, modules, or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection of modules or units may be electrical or other forms.

[0065] The units or modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units or modules may or may not be physical units or modules; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units or modules. Some or all of the units or modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0066] Furthermore, the functional units or modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit or module, or each unit or module can exist physically separately, or two or more units or modules can be integrated into one unit or module. The integrated units or modules described above can be implemented in hardware or in the form of software functional units or modules.

[0067] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drive, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0068] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

[0069] In this patent application, nouns and pronouns relating to people are not limited to specific genders.

Claims

1. A friction coupling (10) for a point machine, characterized in that, The friction coupling (10) includes: A guide shaft (109) is provided, on which a plurality of disc springs (106) are arranged in opposition. The disc springs (106) generate a preload force by compression. The guide shaft (109) has an end face (1091) that is pushed by the preload force. Multiple friction plates (110), with a steel plate (22) of the switch machine sandwiched between the multiple friction plates (110), the steel plate (22) being fixed to the hub of the switch machine, the hub being used to drive the lead screw of the switch machine to switch the track; and A pressure cap (114) is disposed on the opposite side of the plurality of friction pads (110) on the guide shaft (109). One side of the plurality of friction plates (110) engages with the end face (1091) of the guide shaft, and the other side of the plurality of friction plates (110) engages with the pressure cap (114). The preload of the disc spring (106) is transmitted to the plurality of friction plates (110) through the guide shaft (109) and the pressure cap (114), and the steel plate (22) is driven by the friction between the plurality of friction plates (110) and the steel plate (22).

2. The friction coupling (10) for a point machine according to claim 1, characterized in that The friction coupling (10) further includes: The base (115) surrounds the guide shaft (109), and An adjustment cover (104) is provided on the guide shaft (109), and the adjustment cover (104) is connected to the base (115) by threads. The adjusting cover (104) compresses the disc spring (106) by tightening the threads.

3. The friction coupling (10) for a point machine according to claim 2, characterized in that The adjustment cover (104) is provided with multiple evenly distributed adjustment grooves and is connected to the guide shaft (109) through fine thread.

4. The friction coupling (10) for a switch machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The plurality of friction plates (110) includes an outer friction plate (113) and an inner friction plate (111) sandwiched between the outer friction plates (113). One side of the outer friction plate (113) mates with the end face (1091) of the guide shaft (109), and the other side mates with the pressure cap (114). Under the preload of the disc spring (106), it clamps the inner friction plate (111), and The internal friction plate (111) is in direct contact with the steel plate (22), and applies frictional force to the steel plate (22) to drive the steel plate (22).

5. The friction coupling (10) for a switch machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Four disc springs (106) are arranged in pairs on the guide shaft (109), and each pair of disc springs (106) is separated by a partition (107).

6. The friction coupling (10) for a switch machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The guide shaft (109) is provided with a sealing groove, and an O-ring (118) is installed in the sealing groove.

7. The friction coupling (10) for a switch machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that... The friction coupling (10) further includes: The gear (116), located at one end of the friction coupling (10), is fixed between the base (115) and the cover (114), receives the rotational power of the motor and transmits it to the hub through the steel plate (22) to drive the lead screw.

8. The friction coupling (10) for a point machine according to claim 7, characterized in that The friction coupling (10) further includes: The key (26), in conjunction with the lead screw (21), transmits torque from the hub (25) to the lead screw (21).

9. The friction coupling (10) for a switch machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steel sheet (22) and the wheel hub (25) are engaged by a slot.

10. A switch machine system (1) characterized by, include: A switch machine (20) includes a steel plate (22), a hub (25), and a lead screw (21). The steel plate (22) is fixed on the hub (25), and the hub (25) is used to drive the lead screw (21) to drive the switch machine (20) to perform turnout switching. Friction coupling (10), comprising: A guide shaft (109) is provided, on which a plurality of disc springs (106) are arranged in opposition. The disc springs (106) generate a preload force by compression. The guide shaft (109) has an end face (1091) that is pushed by the preload force. A plurality of friction plates (110), wherein the steel sheet (22) is sandwiched between the plurality of friction plates (110); and A pressure cap (114) is disposed on the opposite side of the guide shaft (109) relative to the plurality of friction plates (110). One side of the plurality of friction plates (110) engages with the end face (1091) of the guide shaft, and the other side of the plurality of friction plates (110) engages with the pressure cap (114). The preload of the disc spring (106) is transmitted to the plurality of friction plates (110) through the guide shaft (109) and the pressure cap (114), and the steel plate (22) is driven by the friction between the plurality of friction plates (110) and the steel plate (22).

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