Unmanned aerial vehicle surveying head adjusting mechanism for urban three-dimensional surveying and mapping rapid modeling

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, and in particular to an adjustment mechanism for a UAV measuring head used in rapid urban 3D mapping and modeling. It includes a UAV base plate and a measuring head body; it also includes a storage slot and a rotary motor. The measuring head body is located below the UAV base plate, and a protective cover is fitted around the outside of the measuring head body. A first connecting plate is provided between the UAV base plate and the protective cover, and a storage slot is formed on the first connecting plate. Opposite columns are fixedly connected to the top of the protective cover. A slot penetrating the entire connecting plate is formed in the storage slot, and the columns are inserted into the slot. A rotary motor is installed in the storage slot, and the output end of the rotary motor is fixedly connected to a connecting shaft. The rotary motor drives the columns to rotate. This utility model, by adding a first connecting plate under the UAV base plate and forming a storage slot on the first connecting plate, and installing the rotary motor in the storage slot, can protect the rotary motor from external impacts in multiple ways.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, specifically relating to an adjustment mechanism for a UAV measuring head used in rapid urban 3D mapping and modeling. Background Technology

[0002] In modern urban planning, to obtain high-precision and comprehensive urban spatial information, drones equipped with advanced measuring heads are widely used for efficient 3D mapping. 3D mapping can accurately capture the geometric shape and texture information of the urban surface and buildings, generating topographic data, point cloud models, and orthophoto maps with centimeter-level accuracy. Professional real-scene 3D modeling software is used to quickly process and fuse massive amounts of data to construct realistic 3D urban real-scene models. These 3D models can intuitively and three-dimensionally reproduce the spatial layout and interrelationships of various core elements in the city, including dense building clusters, crisscrossing road networks, parks and green spaces, and water bodies. This immersive visualization method provides strong and intuitive support for planners to design schemes and conduct spatial simulations, as well as for decision-makers to evaluate the feasibility, spatial coordination, and potential impact of planning schemes.

[0003] Currently, the measuring head integrated on UAVs is a core component for achieving rapid 3D urban mapping and modeling. To ensure continuous acquisition of unobstructed, high-quality mapping data, it is usually necessary to equip it with a precise attitude adjustment mechanism to dynamically adjust the pitch, roll, and other angles of the measuring head, thereby adapting to complex flight attitudes and mapping targets. However, the drive motors of existing adjustment mechanisms are mostly in an unprotected, exposed state. This external layout makes the motors extremely susceptible to direct physical impacts or collisions from tree branches, buildings, birds, or even severe weather during UAV flight operations. Once the motors suffer structural deformation, internal component damage, or inaccuracy due to external impacts, it will directly lead to the failure of the adjustment mechanism and limited field of view of the measuring head, ultimately seriously affecting the quality of 3D data acquisition and modeling efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, to address the problem that the motor of the existing UAV measuring head adjustment mechanism is exposed and easily damaged by external impacts, a UAV measuring head adjustment mechanism for rapid urban 3D mapping and modeling can be designed. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the problem that the motor of the existing drone measuring head adjustment mechanism is exposed, making the motor easily damaged by external impacts.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a drone measuring head adjustment mechanism for rapid modeling of urban 3D surveying, including a drone base plate and a measuring head body; it also includes a storage slot and a rotary motor. The measuring head body is set below the drone base plate, and a protective cover is sleeved on the outside of the measuring head body. A first connecting plate is set between the drone base plate and the protective cover. A storage slot is opened on the first connecting plate. A left and right opposing columns are fixedly connected to the top of the protective cover. A slot penetrating the entire connecting plate is opened in the storage slot. The columns are inserted into the slot. A rotary motor is installed in the storage slot. A connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the side of the column near the rotary motor. The output end of the rotary motor is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft. The rotary motor is used to drive the column to rotate.

[0007] Preferably, a rotating motor drives a connecting shaft fixedly connected to it, and a protective cover fixedly connected to the connecting shaft via a column rotates to adjust the angle of the measuring head body installed inside the protective cover. The protective cover can protect the measuring head body. The rotating motor is installed in a storage slot, and the No. 1 connecting plate can protect the rotating motor.

[0008] Preferably, a support ring is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotary motor, and a mounting ring that is tightly attached to the support ring is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting shaft near the rotary motor.

[0009] Preferably, the support ring has a first anchor hole that penetrates the support ring, and the mounting ring has a second anchor hole that penetrates the mounting ring.

[0010] As a preferred option, a second connecting plate is installed below the base plate of the drone, and the first connecting plate is movably positioned below the second connecting plate.

[0011] Preferably, an electric push rod is installed on the second connecting plate. The output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the first connecting plate. The electric push rod is used to drive the measuring head body to move up and down.

[0012] Preferably, the drone's base plate has a square groove that matches the electric push rod, with the other end of the electric push rod installed inside the drone.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, a connecting column is fixedly connected to the base plate of the drone, a connecting groove matching the connecting column is opened on the second connecting plate, and a third anchoring hole is opened on the connecting column.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: By adding a No. 1 connecting plate under the drone's base plate and creating a storage slot on the No. 1 connecting plate, the rotary motor used to drive the measuring head body to adjust its angle is installed in the storage slot. This design protects the rotary motor from external impacts by the outer wall of the No. 1 connecting plate on all sides and the drone acts as a shield above the rotary motor. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 The diagram shown is an isometric three-dimensional structural schematic of the measuring head adjustment mechanism of this utility model; Figure 2 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the protective cover and measuring head body of this utility model. Figure 3 The diagram shown is an equiaxed three-dimensional structural schematic of the No. 1 connecting plate of this utility model; Figure 4 The diagram shown is an isometric three-dimensional structural schematic of the No. 2 connecting plate and the electric push rod of this utility model. Figure 5 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the unmanned chassis of this utility model. Figure 6 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the measuring head adjustment mechanism of this utility model.

[0016] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. UAV base plate; 2. Measuring head body; 3. Storage slot; 4. Rotary motor; 5. Protective cover; 6. Connecting plate No. 1; 7. Column; 8. Slot; 9. Connecting shaft; 10. Support ring; 11. Mounting ring; 12. Anchoring hole No. 1; 13. Anchoring hole No. 2; 14. Connecting plate No. 2; 15. Electric push rod; 16. Square groove; 17. Connecting column; 18. Connecting groove; 19. Anchoring hole No. 3. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] Please see Figures 1-6This utility model provides an embodiment of a UAV measuring head adjustment mechanism for rapid urban 3D mapping modeling, including a UAV base plate 1 and a measuring head body 2; it also includes a storage slot 3 and a rotary motor 4. The measuring head body 2 is located below the UAV base plate 1, and a protective cover 5 is sleeved on the outside of the measuring head body 2. A first connecting plate 6 is provided between the UAV base plate 1 and the protective cover 5. The first connecting plate 6 has a storage slot 3. The top of the protective cover 5 is fixedly connected to two opposing columns 7. A slot 8 penetrating the entire connecting plate is provided in the storage slot 3. The columns 7 are inserted into the slot 8. The rotary motor 4 is installed in the storage slot 3. A connecting shaft 9 is fixedly connected to the side of the column 7 near the rotary motor 4. The output end of the rotary motor 4 is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 9. The rotary motor 4 is used to drive the column 7 to rotate, thereby driving the connecting shaft 9 fixedly connected to it. The protective cover 5 is fixedly connected to the column 7 and the connecting shaft 9 and rotated to adjust the angle of the measuring head body 2 installed inside the protective cover 5. The protective cover 5 can protect the measuring head body 2. The rotary motor 4 is installed in the storage slot 3. The first connecting plate 6 can protect the rotary motor 4. The output end of the rotary motor 4 is fixedly connected to the support ring 10. The side of the connecting shaft 9 near the rotary motor 4 is fixedly connected to the mounting ring 11, which is close to the support ring 10. The support ring 10 has a first anchoring hole 12 that passes through the support ring 10. The mounting ring 11 has a second anchoring hole 13 that passes through the mounting ring 11. The mounting ring 11 and the support ring 10 are fixed by passing the anchors through the first anchoring hole 12 and the second anchoring hole 13 in sequence, thereby realizing the connection between the rotary motor 4 and the measuring head body 2. The angle of the measuring head body 2 can be adjusted by starting the rotary motor 4.

[0019] Please see Figures 4-6In this embodiment, a second connecting plate 14 is installed below the drone base plate 1, and a first connecting plate 6 is movably disposed below the second connecting plate 14. The height of the measuring head body 2 is adjusted by moving the first connecting plate 6 below the second connecting plate 14. The second connecting plate 14 can fix the measuring head below the drone. An electric push rod 15 is installed on the second connecting plate 14, and the output end of the electric push rod 15 is fixedly connected to the first connecting plate 6. The electric push rod 15 drives the measuring head body 2 to move up and down. The distance between the first connecting plate 6 and the second connecting plate 14 is adjusted by extending or shortening the output end of the electric push rod 15, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the height of the measuring head body 2. The upper part is provided with a square groove 16 that matches the electric push rod 15. The other end of the electric push rod 15 is installed inside the drone. The upper part of the electric push rod 15 is set inside the drone. On the one hand, the drone can protect it, and on the other hand, it can reduce the space occupied by the electric push rod 15. A connecting post 17 is fixedly connected to the drone base plate 1. A connecting groove 18 matching the connecting post 17 is opened on the second connecting plate 14. A third anchoring hole 19 is opened on the connecting post 17. By passing the anchor through the third anchoring hole 19, the second connecting plate 14 can be fixed to the bottom of the drone base plate 1. The design of the connecting post 17 and the connecting groove 18 can play a limiting role to prevent the installation of the second connecting plate 14 from being offset.

[0020] During installation, the staff first installs the electric push rod 15 into the second connecting plate 14, then aligns the connecting groove 18 of the second connecting plate 14 with the connecting post 17 of the drone base plate 1, then threads the anchor into the third anchor hole 19, installs the second connecting plate 14 at the bottom of the drone, then installs the rotary motor 4 into the storage groove 3 opened in the first connecting plate 6, then inserts the column 7 into the slot 8, passes the anchor through the first anchor hole 12 and the second anchor hole 13, connects the column 7 to the rotary motor 4, and then installs the first connecting plate 6 below the electric push rod 15. In use, the rotary motor 4 is started by controlling the remote control system. The rotary motor 4 drives the column 7 and the protective cover 5 fixedly connected to the column 7 to rotate, thereby driving the measuring head body 2 to rotate, thereby adjusting the angle of the measuring head body 2. The electric push rod 15 is started, and the output end of the electric push rod 15 can extend or retract, thereby adjusting the height of the measuring head body 2.

[0021] Through the above steps, a first connecting plate 6 is added under the drone base plate 1, and a storage slot 3 is opened on the first connecting plate 6. The rotary motor 4 used to drive the measuring head body 2 to adjust the angle is installed in the storage slot 3. This design protects the rotary motor 4 from all sides by the outer wall of the first connecting plate 6, and the drone acts as a shield above the rotary motor 4, which can protect the rotary motor 4 from external impacts in multiple ways. This solves the problem that the motor of the existing drone measuring head adjustment mechanism is exposed to the outside, which makes the motor easily damaged by external impacts.

Claims

1. A UAV measuring head adjustment mechanism for rapid urban 3D mapping and modeling, comprising a UAV base plate (1) and a measuring head body (2); characterized in that: It also includes a storage slot (3) and a rotary motor (4). A measuring head body (2) is set below the drone base plate (1). A protective cover (5) is fitted on the outside of the measuring head body (2). A first connecting plate (6) is set between the drone base plate (1) and the protective cover (5). A storage slot (3) is opened on the first connecting plate (6). A column (7) is fixedly connected to the top of the protective cover (5). A slot (8) that runs through the entire connecting plate is opened in the storage slot (3). The column (7) is inserted into the slot (8). A rotary motor (4) is installed in the storage slot (3). A connecting shaft (9) is fixedly connected to the side of the column (7) near the rotary motor (4). The output end of the rotary motor (4) is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft (9). The rotary motor (4) is used to drive the column (7) to rotate.

2. The UAV measuring head adjustment mechanism for rapid urban 3D mapping and modeling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support ring (10) is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotary motor (4), and a mounting ring (11) that is close to the support ring (10) is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting shaft (9) near the rotary motor (4).

3. The UAV measuring head adjustment mechanism for rapid urban 3D mapping and modeling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support ring (10) has a first anchor hole (12) that penetrates the support ring (10), and the mounting ring (11) has a second anchor hole (13) that penetrates the mounting ring (11).

4. The UAV measuring head adjustment mechanism for rapid urban 3D mapping and modeling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second connecting plate (14) is installed below the base plate (1) of the drone, and a first connecting plate (6) is movably set below the second connecting plate (14).

5. The UAV measuring head adjustment mechanism for rapid urban 3D mapping and modeling according to claim 4, characterized in that: An electric push rod (15) is installed on the second connecting plate (14). The output end of the electric push rod (15) is fixedly connected to the first connecting plate (6). The electric push rod (15) is used to drive the measuring head body (2) to move up and down.

6. The UAV measuring head adjustment mechanism for rapid urban 3D mapping and modeling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drone base plate (1) is provided with a square groove (16) that matches the electric push rod (15), and the other end of the electric push rod (15) is installed inside the drone.

7. The UAV measuring head adjustment mechanism for rapid urban 3D mapping and modeling according to claim 4, characterized in that: A connecting column (17) is fixedly connected to the base plate (1) of the drone. A connecting groove (18) matching the connecting column (17) is opened on the second connecting plate (14). A third anchoring hole (19) is opened on the connecting column (17).

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