Improved granulating and molding mechanism for fireworks powder

Abstract

This utility model discloses an improved fireworks gunpowder granulation and forming mechanism, including a frame on which an upper mold and a lower mold are mounted. The lower mold has a vertically movable structure, and its movement is driven by a lifting mechanism at the bottom. The upper mold is driven downward by a lifting mechanism above it to close with the lower mold. The lower mold has multiple spaced forming holes evenly distributed on its upper surface. These forming holes are through holes. A support positioning seat is provided below the lower mold, and positioning rods corresponding to the forming holes and extending into them are distributed on the upper surface of the support positioning seat. This utility model has a reasonable structural design, using positioning rods for fixing and lower mold movement to reduce friction, lower the breakage rate and dust of gunpowder particles, ensure uniform size, and improve granulation quality. The lower mold closes with the upper mold in place, ensuring precise alignment and reducing dimensional deviations. Ejection is integrated into the lower mold, shortening the forming cycle. The upper mold has a simple structure, reducing mold manufacturing and maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of fireworks and gunpowder granulation equipment, specifically an improved fireworks and gunpowder granulation and forming mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional fireworks powder granulation processes, manual or semi-mechanized operations suffer from drawbacks such as flammable and explosive powder, severe dust pollution, low production efficiency, and uniform particle shape, making it difficult to meet the modern fireworks industry's demands for safety, efficiency, and customization. Therefore, mold pressing technology has become a more suitable application.

[0003] In existing technologies, a common mold structure is one where the lower mold is a fixed mold, the upper mold is a moving mold for pressing, and the ejector pin pushes out the material. While this structure can complete the granulation process, its application in fireworks and gunpowder granulation production has the following drawbacks in terms of safety, precision, efficiency, and maintenance: Fireworks gunpowder is extremely sensitive to mechanical vibration and friction. The reciprocating motion of the ejector rod in traditional mold structures poses a significant safety hazard. Frequent friction between the ejector rod and the mold hole easily generates static electricity, which, once accumulated to a certain level, can ignite sparks. In granulation workshops filled with flammable and explosive gunpowder, this seriously threatens the lives of production personnel and the safety of company property. Furthermore, the unstable movement of the ejector rod during ejection causes gunpowder particles to break under severe impact, generating fine dust. This dust disperses in the air, forming a flammable mixture and further increasing the risk of explosion. In terms of particle size control, when the upper mold of a traditional mold is used as a moving mold for pressing, the mold closure is easily affected by mechanical vibration and displacement, resulting in deviations in the forming size of the gunpowder particles. Moreover, the change in the clearance between the ejector pin and the mold hole during the reciprocating motion results in inconsistent compression of the gunpowder particles during ejection, greatly reducing the uniformity of particle size and making it difficult to meet the production scenarios with strict requirements for particle size. Furthermore, in terms of production efficiency, the ejection action and upper mold movement of traditional molds are performed in separate steps, requiring additional waiting for the ejector pin to reach its position, thus extending the overall molding cycle. Simultaneously, the ejection mechanism is complex, with numerous parts, leading to frequent malfunctions. Any failure necessitates machine downtime for repairs, severely impacting production continuity. Moreover, it is ill-suited to the modern mass production, high-speed, and continuous production model of fireworks. The fixed lower mold, limited upper mold movement speed, high levels of manual intervention, operational difficulty, and high labor intensity further restrict production efficiency improvements. Regarding mold maintenance, the complexity of traditional ejection mechanisms increases the difficulty and cost of mold manufacturing.

[0004] Therefore, this application provides an improved fireworks gunpowder granulation molding mechanism, a novel mold that overcomes the defects of traditional structures, improves the quality and production efficiency of fireworks gunpowder granulation, and reduces safety risks. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the existing technology and provide an improved fireworks gunpowder granulation and forming mechanism, which solves the various problems existing in the existing technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: An improved fireworks gunpowder granulation and forming mechanism includes a frame on which an upper mold (2) and a lower mold (3) are installed. The upper mold (2) and the lower mold (3) can move in opposite directions. The lower mold (3) has a plurality of spaced forming holes (6) evenly distributed in it. A support positioning seat (7) is provided below the lower mold (3). The upper end surface of the support positioning seat (7) has positioning rods (8) that correspond one-to-one with the forming holes (6) and extend into the forming holes (6) to cooperate with them.

[0007] The frame includes a base, guide posts are installed at the four corners of the upper end face of the base, an upper fixing plate is installed on the top of the guide posts, a hydraulic cylinder is installed on the upper fixing plate, an upper mold fixing plate is installed at the piston rod extension end of the hydraulic cylinder, an upper mold is installed on the bottom end face of the upper mold fixing plate, and guide holes that cooperate with the guide posts are respectively provided at the four corners of the upper mold fixing plate.

[0008] The bottom end face of the upper mold has spaced pressure bars that correspond to and cooperate with the forming holes.

[0009] The lower mold is guided and installed above the support positioning seat by guide rods at the four corners. The support positioning seat is fixedly mounted on the machine base. The support positioning seat has guide through holes that cooperate with the guide rods. A lifting plate is fixed to the bottom end of the guide rod. The lifting plate moves up and down between the support positioning seat of the lower mold and the machine base, and the lifting is driven by the lifting mechanism below.

[0010] The positioning rod is vertically disposed on the upper end face of the support positioning seat, and its axis coincides with the axis of the corresponding forming hole.

[0011] The positioning rod and the forming hole are fitted with a small clearance.

[0012] The length of the positioning rod is greater than the thickness of the lower mold.

[0013] The positioning rod is inserted into the forming hole, and the insertion depth is not less than two-thirds of the depth of the forming hole.

[0014] The support positioning seat is a gate-shaped structure, with fixed edges on both sides of its bottom end that are fixed to the upper end face of the machine base. A positioning rod fixing plate is fixedly installed on the upper end face of the support positioning seat. Fixing holes are distributed on the positioning rod fixing plate, and the positioning rods are welded and fixed in the fixing holes respectively.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: This utility model features a reasonable structural design. It employs a positioning rod for fixation, allowing the lower mold to move and effectively reducing frequent friction between the positioning rod and the mold hole. Furthermore, the fixed positioning rod design not only makes the ejection action smoother but also reduces the breakage rate of gunpowder particles and dust generation, further ensuring production safety. Simultaneously, this design prevents changes in the clearance between the positioning rod and the mold hole during ejection, thus ensuring more uniform gunpowder particle size and improving granulation quality.

[0016] During the molding process, the upper mold will only close after the lower mold has moved into place. This design ensures that the mold can be accurately aligned when it closes, effectively reducing dimensional deviations caused by mold vibration or displacement.

[0017] Furthermore, the ejection action is achieved by the movement of the lower mold, eliminating the need to wait for the positioning rod to reach its position, which greatly shortens the overall molding cycle. Moreover, the upper mold in this application has a relatively simple structure, which reduces the complexity of the mold and the number of parts, thereby reducing the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the mold. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the local structure at point A in the image; Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0019] Figure label: 1. Frame; 2. Upper mold; 3. Lower mold; 4. Lifting mechanism one; 5. Lifting mechanism two; 6. Forming hole; 7. Support positioning seat; 8. Positioning rod; 10. Guide column; 11. Upper fixing plate; 12. Upper mold fixing plate; 13. Guide rod; 14. Lifting plate; 15. Positioning rod fixing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0021] See appendix Figure 1-3An improved fireworks gunpowder granulation and molding mechanism includes a frame 1, on which an upper mold 2 and a lower mold 3 are installed. The bottom of the frame 1 is a base structure. Guide posts 10 are installed at the four corners of the upper end face of the base. An upper fixing plate 11 is installed on the top of the guide posts 10. A hydraulic cylinder is installed on the upper fixing plate 11. An upper mold fixing plate 12 is installed at the piston rod extension end of the hydraulic cylinder. The upper mold 2 is installed on the bottom end face of the upper mold fixing plate 12. Guide holes that cooperate with the guide posts 10 are provided at the four corners of the upper mold fixing plate 12.

[0022] The lower mold 3 is a vertically movable structure, and its movement is driven by the lifting mechanism 4 at the bottom. The upper mold 2 is driven by the lifting mechanism 5 above it to move downward and close with the lower mold 3. The bottom end face of the upper mold 2 has pressure rods 16 that are spaced apart and correspond to the forming holes 6. When the mold is closed, the bottom end face of the upper mold is in contact with the upper end face of the lower mold, sealing the forming holes. The lower mold 3 is guided and installed above the support positioning seat 7 by the guide rods 13 at the four corners. The support positioning seat 7 is fixedly mounted on the machine base. The support positioning seat 7 has guide through holes that correspond to the guide rods 13. The bottom end of the guide rods 13 is fixed with a lifting plate 14. The lifting plate 14 moves up and down between the support positioning seat 7 of the lower mold 3 and the machine base, and the lifting is driven by the hydraulic cylinder below.

[0023] The lower mold 3 has a plurality of spaced forming holes 6, which are through holes. A support positioning seat 7 is provided below the lower mold 3. Positioning rods 8 are distributed on the upper surface of the support positioning seat 7, which correspond one-to-one with the forming holes 6 and extend into the forming holes 6 to cooperate with them.

[0024] In the above structure, the lower mold 3 moves with the help of a guide device to ensure accurate direction. After the upper mold 2 closes after the positioning signal is triggered, the upper mold 2 also closes with the help of the guide device to ensure precise mold alignment, stabilize the mold cavity size, and ensure uniform pressure distribution and good filling during gunpowder pellet forming, reducing dimensional deviations and ensuring stable gunpowder performance. The ejection operation is carried out by the movement of the lower mold, without the need for additional positioning rod movement. The upper mold structure is simple and has fewer parts. Its movement adopts the design of fixing the positioning rod 8 and moving the lower mold 3. This not only avoids the reciprocating movement of the positioning rod 8 in the mold hole, thereby reducing friction and making the forming and ejection smoother, reducing the breakage rate of gunpowder pellets and dust generation, and ensuring production safety, but also prevents the gap between the positioning rod 8 and the forming hole of the mold from changing, ensuring uniform gunpowder pellet size and improving pelleting quality. Moreover, it saves ejection time, shortens the overall forming cycle, improves production efficiency, reduces the difficulty and time of mold manufacturing, reduces the probability of failure, facilitates maintenance, and reduces manufacturing and maintenance costs.

[0025] Furthermore, the positioning rod 8 is vertically positioned on the upper surface of the supporting positioning seat 7, and its axis coincides with the axis of the corresponding forming hole 6. When machining the forming hole, multiple holes can be machined in a single clamping operation to reduce the impact of clamping errors on coaxiality and perpendicularity. The positioning rod 8 and the forming hole 6 have a small clearance fit, which ensures no powder leakage. Therefore, there are certain requirements for the fit accuracy. To meet these requirements, for example, high-precision machining equipment is used. For the high-precision mold required in this application, the dimensional tolerances of the positioning rod diameter and the forming hole diameter can be controlled within ±0.005mm. In addition, during the machining process, precision measuring tools such as micrometers and dial indicators are used multiple times to measure the diameter of the positioning rod and the forming hole. Machining parameters are adjusted promptly based on the measurement results, and areas with large dimensional deviations are corrected to ensure the final dimensions meet design requirements. For the positioning rod, processes such as precision turning, precision grinding, and lapping can be used to reduce surface roughness. For example, the surface roughness of the positioning rod after lapping can reach Ra0.1-Ra0.2μm. For formed holes, processes such as reaming and boring can be used to improve the surface quality of the holes, so that the surface roughness of the holes reaches Ra0.4-Ra0.8μm.

[0026] Furthermore, the length of the positioning rod 8 is greater than the thickness of the lower mold 3. The positioning rod 8 is inserted into the forming hole 6, and the insertion depth is not less than two-thirds of the depth of the forming hole 6. This combination effectively prevents the lower mold 3 from horizontally shifting due to external forces such as punching pressure and hydraulic pressure, ensuring precise relative positioning of the upper and lower molds and accurate vertical alignment of the forming hole 6, greatly improving the dimensional accuracy and quality stability of the molded product. From a structural stability perspective, this design disperses the stress on the positioning rod 8, avoiding stress concentration that could lead to fatigue damage and breakage at the connection points. It also provides additional support for the lower mold 3, enhancing its rigidity and resistance to deformation, ensuring normal operation of the mold under stress or vibration. During assembly and disassembly, the extended portion of the positioning rod 8 guides the lower mold 3 for accurate installation, improving assembly efficiency and accuracy, and facilitating subsequent disassembly and maintenance using tools. In addition, considering the wear and tear on the positioning rod 8 and forming hole 6 after long-term use, this design provides a certain amount of wear compensation, maintaining the mold's positioning accuracy and structural stability, and extending its service life.

[0027] Furthermore, the support positioning base 7 has a gate-shaped structure, with fixed edges on both sides of its bottom end that are fixed to the upper surface of the machine base. A positioning rod fixing plate 15 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the support positioning base 7. The positioning rod fixing plate 15 has fixing holes distributed on it, and the positioning rods 8 are welded and fixed in the fixing holes. This structure facilitates the replacement of the positioning rods 8 as a whole according to different shape and specification requirements. The positioning rod fixing plate 15 can be directly removed from the support positioning base 7 for complete replacement.

[0028] Its specific working process is as follows: The positioning rod 8 plays a role in positioning and guiding and adjusting the forming depth of the forming hole throughout the process. The depth adjustment is also achieved by raising and lowering the lower mold 3 to change the position of the positioning rod 8 in the forming hole, thereby adjusting to the required depth. The positioning rod 8 is always supported and fixed by the support positioning seat 7. Upper mold 2 and lower mold 3: The bottom end face of the upper mold 2 is provided with pressure rods 16 that are spaced apart and cooperate with the forming holes 6. The structure is relatively simple. The specific action is that after the forming holes 6 of the lower mold 2 are filled with powder, the upper mold 2 is guided to move under the drive of the lifting mechanism 2 5 (hydraulic cylinder). During the process, its guided movement is guided to cooperate with the guide pillars 10 through the guide holes at the four corners of the upper mold fixing plate 12, and it descends to a certain position to close with the lower mold 3. After the molds are closed, the upper mold 2 and the lower mold 3, under the linkage control of the hydraulic system, descend to a certain position. The pressure rod 16 is positioned to engage with the forming hole 6, squeezing the powder inside the forming hole 6. As the upper mold 2 drives the hydraulic cylinder, the upper mold 2 is slowly pressed down until the bottom surface of the upper mold 2 and the top surface of the lower mold 3 are closed. During the process, the powder is first pre-pressed with a lower pressure to initially compact it and expel some air. Then, the pressure is quickly increased to perform the main pressing. During this period, the gas is completely removed through a brief pressure relief-pressure holding cycle. Finally, the powder is fully solidified under high pressure for a certain period of time, and the pressing is completed. After that, the upper mold rises and the lower mold continues to descend to expose the product. At this time, the push-pull power drive device (hydraulic cylinder) is activated to drive the push scraper to move forward and smoothly push the formed granules to the discharge port position, successfully completing the discharge operation and completing the entire pressing process. During this process, the synchronization accuracy of the upper and lower molds (±0.02mm) and the pressure gradient must be strictly controlled to ensure that the product has uniform density and a smooth surface.

[0029] Although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0030] Therefore, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application; that is, all equivalent modifications made in accordance with the scope of the claims of this application shall be within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An improved fireworks gunpowder granulation and forming mechanism, comprising a frame, wherein an upper mold (2) and a lower mold (3) are mounted on the frame, characterized in that, The upper mold (2) and the lower mold (3) can move towards each other. The lower mold (3) has a plurality of spaced forming holes (6) evenly distributed. A support positioning seat (7) is provided below the lower mold (3). The upper surface of the support positioning seat (7) has positioning rods (8) that correspond one-to-one with the forming holes (6) and extend into the forming holes (6) to cooperate with them.

2. The improved fireworks gunpowder granulation and forming mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame includes a base, and guide posts (10) are installed at the four corners of the upper end face of the base. An upper fixing plate (11) is installed on the top of the guide posts (10). A hydraulic cylinder is installed on the upper fixing plate (11). An upper mold fixing plate (12) is installed at the piston rod extension end of the hydraulic cylinder. An upper mold (2) is installed on the bottom end face of the upper mold fixing plate (12). Guide holes that cooperate with the guide posts (10) are provided at the four corners of the upper mold fixing plate (12).

3. The improved fireworks powder granulating and molding mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom end face of the upper mold (2) is provided with pressure rods (16) that are spaced apart and correspond to the forming holes (6).

4. The improved fireworks gunpowder granulation and forming mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lower mold (3) is guided and installed above the support positioning seat (7) by the guide rods (13) at the four corners. The support positioning seat (7) is fixedly mounted on the machine base. The support positioning seat (7) has guide through holes that cooperate with the guide rods (13). The bottom end of the guide rod (13) is fixed with a lifting plate (14). The lifting plate (14) moves up and down between the support positioning seat (7) of the lower mold (3) and the machine base, and the lifting is driven by the lifting mechanism (4) below.

5. The improved fireworks gunpowder granulation and forming mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning rod (8) is vertically arranged on the upper end face of the support positioning seat (7), and its axis coincides with the axis of the corresponding forming hole (6).

6. The improved firework powder granulating and forming mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The positioning rod (8) and the forming hole (6) are fitted with a small clearance.

7. The improved fireworks gunpowder granulation and forming mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the positioning rod (8) is greater than the thickness of the lower mold (3).

8. The improved fireworks gunpowder granulation and forming mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning rod (8) is inserted into the forming hole (6) and the insertion depth is not less than two-thirds of the depth of the forming hole (6).

9. The improved fireworks gunpowder granulation and forming mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support positioning seat (7) is a gate-shaped structure. The bottom end of the seat has fixed edges on both sides that are fixed to the upper surface of the machine base. The upper surface of the support positioning seat (7) is fixedly installed with a positioning rod fixing plate (15). The positioning rod fixing plate (15) has fixing holes distributed on it. The positioning rods (8) are welded and fixed in the fixing holes respectively.

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