Height-adjustable wave-collecting tank and slope dike model experiment device

Abstract

The application provides a height-adjustable wave collecting box and a slope dike model experiment device, which are applied to the offshore engineering technical field, wherein a connecting part is formed at the bottom of a flow guide groove plate, a patch is connected to the connecting part and is attached to the side of the box and rises and falls with the flow guide groove plate, and a vertical crimping plate is arranged on the box along the rising and falling direction of the flow guide groove plate, when the wave collecting box is used in the slope dike model, the patch rises and falls on the box, thereby driving the flow guide groove plate to rise and fall at the water inlet, the other end of the flow guide groove plate is connected to the top of the slope dike model, the vertical crimping plate is connected to the box through a fixing part, the patch is crimped and fixed by the vertical crimping plate, the wave collecting box can be applied to different slope dike models, the universality of the wave collecting box is improved, and resources are saved and efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of offshore engineering technology, specifically to a height-adjustable wave collector and a model experimental device for a sloping breakwater. Background Technology

[0002] The interconnected artificial block revetment layer on the surface of a sloping breakwater possesses excellent wave-damping performance and maintains stability under wave action. However, under severe sea conditions such as storm surges and long-period waves, the concrete revetment blocks often experience localized swaying, displacement, and roll-off due to wave rise and breakage in front of the breakwater. This can lead to instability in other blocks, potentially resulting in large-scale collapse and damage to the revetment layer. The complexity of the revetment block structure, the uncertainty of wave turbulence and breakage behavior in front of the breakwater, and the need to conduct stability research on sloping breakwater revetment blocks under wave action make research of significant scientific and practical value. Existing revetment block designs typically rely on empirical formulas from standards, which are then validated through corresponding model tests. However, this requires the design of wave-collecting devices tailored to the unique design of each sloping breakwater model to detect the amount of overflight, resulting in poor universality of these wave-collecting devices.

[0003] Therefore, a new technological solution is needed. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a height-adjustable wave collection box and sloping breakwater model experimental device.

[0005] This application provides the following technical solution:

[0006] According to this application, a height-adjustable wave collector includes a box body and a flow guide plate; an inlet is formed on the side of the box body, and one end of the flow guide plate can be raised and lowered at the inlet so that the other end of the flow guide plate is connected to the top of the embankment of the sloping embankment model;

[0007] The bottom of the flow guide plate has a connecting part, and the connecting part is connected to a patch that fits the side of the box and moves up and down with the flow guide plate. A vertical pressing plate is provided on the box along the rising and falling direction of the flow guide plate. The vertical pressing plate is located on the patch. A fixing member is provided on the vertical pressing plate and connected to the box. The fixing member is used to press and fix the patch by the vertical pressing plate.

[0008] Preferably, the connecting part includes mounting plates disposed on both sides of the bottom of the guide channel plate, and the vertical pressing plates are configured as two plates, respectively located on both sides of the mounting plates.

[0009] Preferably, the mounting plate is formed on the patch, and the patch is also formed between the mounting plates.

[0010] Preferably, the mounting plate is perpendicular to the bottom of the flow guide plate, and the width of the mounting plate gradually increases from the bottom of the flow guide plate along the flow guide direction of the flow guide channel, with the vertical pressing plate clamping the mounting plate at its maximum width.

[0011] Preferably, multiple fasteners are provided vertically on the vertical pressing plate.

[0012] Preferably, the fastener includes a bolt, the head of which rests against the side of the vertical pressing plate away from the housing, and the shank of the bolt passes through the vertical pressing plate and is threadedly connected to the housing.

[0013] Preferably, the guide channel plate includes a guide bottom plate and guide side plates located on both sides of the guide bottom plate along the guide direction, and the guide bottom plate is connected to the top of the sloping embankment.

[0014] Preferably, a partition plate is provided in the middle of the tank to divide the tank into a receiving wave-overflowing zone containing the water inlet and a wave surface stabilization zone, and a flow passage is formed between the partition plate and the bottom of the tank to connect the receiving wave-overflowing zone and the wave surface stabilization zone, and a wave-overflowing monitoring device is provided in the wave surface stabilization zone.

[0015] Preferably, the flow channels are formed in multiple forms under the partition plate.

[0016] According to this application, a sloping embankment model experimental device is also provided, comprising a sloping embankment model and a wave collection box with adjustable height as described above.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects that at least one of the above-mentioned technical solutions adopted in this application can achieve include at least:

[0018] This application describes the use of a wave collector in a sloping embankment model. By raising and lowering a patch on the tank body, the wave guide plate is raised and lowered at the inlet, allowing the other end of the wave guide plate to be connected to the top of the embankment model. The plate is then connected to the tank body via a fastener, and a vertical pressing plate presses and fixes the patch. This design is applicable to different sloping embankment models, improving the versatility of the wave collector, saving resources, and increasing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is the assembly and integration base plate drawing of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the quickly adjustable support framework of this application;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a drawing of the prefabricated sloping embankment of this application;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a prefabricated bottom protection diagram of this application;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the wave collector guide channel of this application;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the wave collector in this application;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a diagram of the wave collector separation and automated monitoring equipment of this application.

[0028] Attached reference numerals: 1. Sloping embankment surface; 2. Bottom plate; 3. Support frame; 4. Prefabricated bottom protection; 5. Wave collection box; 6. Diversion channel plate; 7. Facing block; 8. Wave overtopping monitoring equipment; 9. Installation connectors corresponding to vertical support components; 10. Installation connectors corresponding to sloping support components; 11. Fixed rigid connection; 12. Balance leg; 13. Sloping support rod; 14. Vertical support rod; 15. Limiting block; 16. 17. Top substrate; 18. Limiting hole; 19. Bottom substrate; 20. Middle substrate; 21. Edge segment; 22. Middle segment; 23. Inlet; 24. Fixing component; 25. Vertical pressing plate; 26. Flow guide side plate; 27. Flow guide bottom plate; 28. Mounting plate; 29. ​​Flow passage; 30. Vertical support component; 31. Slope support component; 32. Slope support component; 33. Bottom rod. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. This application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this application. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] It should be noted that various aspects of embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It will be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any particular structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this application, those skilled in the art will understand that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number and aspects set forth herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. Additionally, this device and / or method can be implemented using structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects set forth herein.

[0032] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this application. The drawings only show the components related to this application and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0033] Additionally, specific details are provided in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that practice can be carried out without these specific details.

[0034] The technical solutions provided by the various embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] This specification provides an example of an experimental setup for a prefabricated sloping embankment model, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the structure includes a revetment block 7, a sloping embankment surface 1, a base plate 2, and a support frame 3. The support frame 3 includes a pair of vertical support rods 14 and a pair of sloping support rods 13. The bottoms of the vertical support rods 14 and the sloping support rods 13 are both mounted on the base plate 2. The bottom of the sloping support rods 13 is positioned at a predetermined distance from the bottom of the vertical support rods 14, the predetermined position being determined based on the design embankment height and design slope of the sloping embankment model. The sloping support rods 13 extend obliquely from the base plate 2 to the vertical support rods 14 according to the design slope, and the sloping support rods 13 are on the same sloping surface, so that the two sloping support rods 13 are used to install the sloping embankment surface 1. The revetment block 7 is installed on the sloping embankment surface 1. The revetment block 7 is, for example, a twisted block.

[0036] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the base plate 2 is an assembled base plate, which includes a pair of parallel base rods 33 connected by a fixed rigid connection 11. The vertical support rod 14 includes a vertical support member 30 and a vertical abutment member 29. The vertical support member 30 is installed on the base rod 33, and the vertical abutment member 29 is movably installed on the vertical support member 30. The ramp support rod 13 includes a ramp support member 32 and a ramp abutment member 31. The bottom of the ramp support member 32 is movably installed on the base rod 33 along the rod direction, and the ramp abutment member 31 is inclined and slidably installed on the ramp support member 32 so that the extended end of the ramp abutment member 31 cooperates to abut against the vertical abutment member 29. The fixed rigid connection 11 is, for example, an L-shaped steel bar, installed between the base rods 33.

[0037] Support frame 3 is a rapidly adjustable support frame. It can be configured with different support angles to control the slope of the breakwater, improving the flexibility and versatility of the model experiment. The rapidly adjustable support frame has a dual-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism. The vertical degree-of-freedom adjustment system consists of two single telescopic uprights, which achieve multi-level vertical height adjustment through coordinated adjustment. For example, the vertical height can be adjusted in multiple levels through different positioning interfaces on the vertical support system, with an adjustment range of 0.4m to 0.8m. The slope support rod 13 serves as an angle adjustment arm. The angle adjustment arm, in conjunction with the integrated base plate, controls the angle of the support surface in multiple levels along the slope of the breakwater. For example, the angle adjustment arm, in conjunction with the integrated base plate, controls the angle of the support surface in multiple levels, covering the commonly used recommended slopes of 1:1.2, 1:1.25, and 1:1.5. The rapidly adjustable support frame, configured with different support angles to control the slope of the breakwater, allows for slope changes in the breakwater model test device, improving the flexibility and versatility of the model experiment.

[0038] The integrated base plate incorporates a built-in counterweight device to work in conjunction with the breakwater body to resist wave energy. The counterweight device can be an X-shaped bar between the base rods 33. The X-shaped bars between the vertical support rods 14 are installed after the height of the vertical support rods 14 is determined, reinforcing the support frame 3.

[0039] This application achieves rapid adjustment of breakwater parameters by assembling an integrated base plate with an adjustable support frame 3. It solves the problems of repeated breakwater construction and cleaning, poor coordination between breakwater design parameters and actual models, and inaccurate positioning in traditional breakwater model experiments using revetment block 7. It improves the flexibility and accuracy of breakwater model experiments using revetment block 7 slope breakwater, enriches the functionality of breakwater model experimental devices, enhances the reproducibility and reliability of model tests, reduces the impact of random factors on experimental results during breakwater construction, and can effectively evaluate wave dynamic response under different breakwater parameters, providing a basis for related design, construction, and theoretical research.

[0040] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the base rod 33 includes a base plate and a guide plate vertically fixed on the base plate. The guide plate extends in the parallel direction of the base plate. Multiple installation connectors for installing the ramp support 32 and / or the vertical support 30 are provided on the guide plate along its own extension direction. The installation connector 10 corresponding to the ramp support is selected according to the adjustment of the designed embankment height, and the installation connector 9 corresponding to the vertical support is selected according to the designed slope.

[0041] The surface of the assembly base plate is provided with a positioning network consisting of an array of positioning holes and standardized connection interfaces. The positioning hole array is formed at the corresponding positions of the mounting connectors. The mounting connectors are, for example, standardized connection interfaces and multi-form fixing interfaces. Multi-form fixing interfaces are, for example, a combination of snap-on quick-release slots and elastic limit posts, and bolt and nut mating parts.

[0042] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the vertical support member 29 includes a vertical support plate and a vertical extension plate. The vertical support plate supports the extension end of the ramp support rod 13, and the vertical extension plate is vertically connected to the support back of the vertical support plate. The vertical extension plate extends vertically following the vertical support plate. The vertical support member 30 includes a vertical support plate and a vertical fixing plate. The vertical fixing plate is installed on the base rod 33. The support back is attached to and can be raised and lowered on the vertical support plate so that the vertical support plate can limit the vertical extension plate. The vertical fixing plate is vertically connected to the attached back of the vertical support plate, and the vertical fixing plate extends vertically following the vertical support plate so that the vertical fixing plate can limit the vertical support plate.

[0043] The vertical support plate is equipped with positioning fasteners 23, and the vertical abutment plate has multiple positioning holes corresponding to the fasteners 23 along the vertical direction. The positioning fasteners 23 are, for example, bolt-nut mating parts that pass through the positioning holes to lock the vertical positioning plate and the vertical abutment plate. Multiple positioning fasteners 23 are provided along the vertical direction on the vertical support plate to enhance the locking of the vertical abutment plate and the vertical support plate. This allows for quick adjustment of the vertical support system of the support frame 3, which is equipped with different positioning bolts, suitable for forming vertical supports for breakwaters with different slopes.

[0044] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a balance support leg 12 is also installed on the vertical fixing plate, and the balance support leg 12 automatically triggers deployment according to the slope of the embankment 1. The angle adjustment arm has a built-in sliding groove with telescopic and folding functions, which is used to coordinate the adjustment of the height and length of the embankment, and automatically triggers the deployment of the balance support leg 12 according to different slopes.

[0045] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the end of the ramp support 32 is formed with a positioning slider, the end of the ramp abutment 31 is formed with a sliding groove that can be slidably cooperate with the insert block, the bottom end of the lower plane of the ramp support 32 linearly abuts the bottom rod 33, the top end of the lower plane of the ramp abutment 31 linearly abuts the vertical abutment 29, and the upper plane of the ramp support 32 is flush with the upper plane of the ramp abutment 31.

[0046] The positioning slider is equipped with a locking component, and the slide groove has multiple locking holes along the sliding direction. The locking component passes through the locking holes and is fixedly connected to the positioning slider. The locking component is, for example, a bolt, which can be installed in the middle position of the I-beam.

[0047] The adjustable support frame slope support system adopts a modular splicing design, with built-in sliding grooves that have telescopic and folding functions, and is combined with the assembled integrated base plate and sloping embankment surface 1 to coordinate the adjustment of the sloping embankment height and length.

[0048] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the sloping embankment 1 is a prefabricated sloping embankment. The prefabricated sloping embankment includes several base plates. Each base plate has a limiting hole 17 on its back side. The sloping support rod 13 has multiple limiting blocks 15 along its own length that mate with the limiting holes 17 to achieve the arrangement and positioning of the base plates. For example, the limiting blocks 15 can be built-in positioning and elastic limiting posts on both sides of a quickly adjustable support frame, used for installing the prefabricated sloping embankment. That is, the prefabricated sloping embankment consists of several segments, with each segment rigidly limited by a quickly adjustable support frame. The limiting holes 17 on the base plates serve as standardized connection interfaces set at the edges of the base plates.

[0049] The prefabricated sloping embankment includes a top substrate 16, a middle substrate 19, and a bottom substrate 18. The top substrate 16 is located in the top region of the sloping support 31, the bottom substrate 18 is located in the bottom region of the sloping support 32, and the middle substrate 19 is connected between the top substrate 16 and the bottom substrate 18. There is at least one middle substrate 19. By changing the size of the middle substrate 19, the slope length of the prefabricated sloping embankment can be adapted.

[0050] The upper side of the middle substrate 19 extends to form a lower pressure plate with the bottom substrate 18. The lower pressure plate is flush with the back of the middle substrate 19. The lower side of the top substrate 16 and the lower side of the middle substrate 19 both extend to form upper pressure plates that are attached and spliced ​​to the adjacent lower pressure plates.

[0051] The friction coefficient between the prefabricated sloping embankment surface and the T-shaped blocks was determined by an impact-roll test. The impact-roll test used waves as the dynamic condition, with a particle size block embankment model as the blank control group. The control group consisted of the particle size block embankment model, with adjustments made to the roughness of the precast concrete on the prefabricated sloping embankment surface and the density of the precast blocks. The block content and roundness of the precast concrete on the prefabricated sloping embankment surface were adjusted to ensure that, under the same T-shaped block arrangement, the same wave action caused consistent block instability patterns, with an instability error not exceeding 90%. The sloping embankment surface was composed of precast concrete substrates calibrated through the impact-roll test. The prefabricated sloping embankment surface included three types of precast concrete substrate bodies, a wave pressure positioning marking system distributed on the substrate surface, and standardized connection interfaces set at the substrate edges.

[0052] The prefabricated sloping embankment is made of prefabricated concrete slabs, which are fixed by built-in limiting holes 17. The main body of the concrete slabs is made of high-strength concrete. The length of the prefabricated sloping embankment is adjustable and works in conjunction with the quick-adjustable support frame.

[0053] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the experimental device also includes a prefabricated bottom protection 4, which is mounted on the base plate 2. The prefabricated bottom protection 4 includes multiple segmented bottom protection sections spliced ​​along the length of the base rod 33. The segmented bottom protection sections are inclined away from the sloping embankment 1, and the ends of the segmented bottom protection sections near the sloping embankment 1 form inclined planes that cooperate with the sloping embankment 1. The edge segments 20 of the prefabricated bottom protection 4 overlap the embankment surface, and the middle segment 21 serves as the main method for adjusting the design length of the bottom protection in front of the embankment. The prefabricated bottom protection 4 is integrated onto the prefabricated base plate 2 according to standard interfaces. The standard interface is, for example, a bolt. The prefabricated bottom protection 4 consists of two parts: the edge segments 20 overlap the prefabricated sloping embankment surface and the quickly adjustable support frame, and the middle segment 21 serves as the main method for adjusting the length of the bottom protection. The bottom of the bottom protection is integrated onto the prefabricated integrated base plate, and the bottom protection is a prefabricated overlapping bottom protection.

[0054] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the experimental setup also includes a wave collection box 5, which comprises a box body, a guide channel plate 6, and a wave overtopping monitoring device 8. The box body is mounted on a base plate 2, and an inlet 22 is formed on the side of the box body. One end of the guide channel plate 6 can be raised and lowered at the inlet 22 so that the other end of the guide channel plate 6 is connected to the top of the embankment on the sloping embankment 1. The wave overtopping monitoring device 8 is located inside the box body. The wave overtopping monitoring device 8 is an automated wave overtopping monitoring device.

[0055] The bottom of the guide plate 6 has a connecting part, which is connected to a patch that fits against the side of the housing and moves up and down with the guide plate 6. A vertical pressing plate 24 is provided on the housing along the rising and falling direction of the guide plate 6. The vertical pressing plate 24 is located on the patch, and a fixing member 23 connected to the housing is provided on the vertical pressing plate 24. The fixing member 23 is used to press and fix the patch by the vertical pressing plate 24. The bottom rods 33 of the housing also have L-shaped steel fixing connections 11.

[0056] The upper precast concrete base plate of the prefabricated sloping embankment is fitted with the flow guide device of the wave collection device, and the lower concrete base plate is fitted with the prefabricated bottom protection 4. The intermediate sections are connected according to the standardized interfaces at the edges of the base plates to form the main body of the sloping embankment 1. The upper precast concrete base plate is fitted with the flow guide trough plate 6 of the wave collection device, and the lower base plate is matched with the angle of the prefabricated bottom protection 4 according to the dual-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism of the quickly adjustable support frame. The remaining base plates are connected according to the standardized connection interfaces set at the edges of the base plates to form the main body of the sloping embankment 1.

[0057] The wave collector 5 is connected to the breakwater via the guide channel plate 6, and collects the default dimensional value of the wave overtopping at the top of the breakwater in real time. The bottom of the wave collector 5 is integrated on the assembly base plate, and a sealed area is set around it to adapt to the flow conditions and the absence of water behind the breakwater. The sealed area is, for example, the area between the box body and the sloping breakwater surface 1.

[0058] Waterproof side baffles can be installed on the side of the breakwater of the facing block 7. The side baffles are suitable for full-section and half-section breakwaters. When used for half-section breakwaters, the waterproof side baffles can effectively ensure the correct response of the first reflection of waves in front of the breakwater.

[0059] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the wave collecting box 5 consists of three parts. The bottom plate 26 of the guide channel plate 6 is directly connected to the main body of the wave collecting box 5 to form a direct channel for guiding the flow. The guide side plate 25 serves as a limit for collecting the single-width overpass volume and provides stable support for the guide channel in the horizontal direction. The connecting part serves as the supporting base plate 2, with elastic limiting posts and fixing bolts at the rear, acting as vertical pressing plates 24 and fixing parts 23. These serve as limiting devices for connection to the main body of the wave collector 5 at different heights, meeting the wave collection requirements at different breakwater vertical heights. The main body of the wave collector 5 is equipped with a wave collection inlet to adapt to water content on both sides of the breakwater. The main body of the wave collector 5 has vertically adjustable fixing interfaces and positioning and limiting arrays (i.e., vertical pressing plates 24 and fixing parts 23) facing the breakwater, meeting the wave collection requirements at different designed breakwater heights. The separated wave collector body directly receives overtopping waves near the breakwater, separated by a partition device with a flow channel 28 at the bottom. The other side is a wave surface stability zone. The automated monitoring equipment has a wave surface change recognition accuracy of 0.1mm and a transmission speed of 5s, meeting the real-time monitoring of single-wave overtopping volume for most natural periodic waves. The monitoring results are transmitted to the equipment terminal in real time, which includes a mobile phone and a data processing computer.

[0060] The wave collection box 5 includes a separate wave collection body, automated monitoring equipment and a flow guiding device. The automated monitoring equipment is equipped with a distributed wave pressure monitor, a distributed wave height meter and an automated overwave volume monitoring device. It is equipped with a quickly adjustable support frame to realize the wave pressure distribution at different positions and different suspension heights on the sloping embankment surface. It is also equipped with an overwave volume collection device to realize the real-time collection of stable single wave overwave volume.

[0061] The guide channel plate 6 is connected at one end to the main body of the separate wave collector near the breakwater, and at the other end to the breakwater. It collects the unit width value of the wave overtopping at the top of the breakwater in real time, with a unit width of 0.1m. The guide channel plate 6 is fixed to the main body of the separate wave collector 5 with vertical graded bolts, which can meet the wave collection requirements at different vertical heights of the breakwater. The bottom of the wave collector 5 is integrated on the assembly base plate, and a sealed area is set around it to adapt to the flow conditions and the absence of water behind the breakwater.

[0062] The supporting frame 3, prefabricated bottom protection 4, and wave collector 5 are assembled and integrated on the prefabricated base plate, forming multiple positioning sections to achieve rapid adjustment of different breakwater design parameters. Specifically, the main structure of the prefabricated base plate consists of several positioning sections connected by fixed rigid connections 11. The prefabricated base plate is installed within the cross-section of the wave-current experimental flume. By integrating various components onto the base plate 2 according to the breakwater slope, height, bottom protection length, and wave collector 5 position in the model experiment scheme, the model experiment device can achieve rapid response after adjusting design parameters. This, combined with the rapidly adjustable supporting frame and prefabricated bottom protection 4, enables rapid identification and installation of different slope breakwater design sections, and facilitates rapid manual identification and installation of the rapidly adjustable supporting frame, prefabricated bottom protection 4, and wave collector 5.

[0063] This application is an experimental device for a prefabricated, rapidly adjustable retaining block 7-slope embankment model. The proposed experimental device and method greatly improve the flexibility, universality, and reusability of the model experiment, and have significant advantages in many aspects such as test preparation, test monitoring, and reproduction.

[0064] This specification also provides an embodiment of an experimental method for a prefabricated sloping embankment model, using any of the prefabricated sloping embankment model experimental devices described above, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the process includes: determining the design parameters of the proposed breakwater model; placing the base plate 2 at a distance of more than 3 wavelengths from the wave-generating device in the flume laboratory; adjusting the height of the vertical support rod 14 and the slope of the inclined support rod 13 in sequence according to the design parameters, and extending the inclined support rod 13 to support the vertical support rod 14; laying the inclined breakwater surface 1 on the inclined support rod 13; and setting the protective block 7 on the inclined breakwater surface 1.

[0065] The friction coefficient between the sloping embankment 1 and the revetment block 7 was determined by an impact roll-off test. The impact roll-off test used waves as the dynamic condition and the particle size block embankment model test device as a blank control group. The content of the precast concrete blocks and the roundness of the precast concrete of the sloping embankment 1 were adjusted so that the same wave action caused the block instability mode under the same arrangement of revetment block 7 was consistent and the instability error did not exceed 90%.

[0066] This method employs a prefabricated, rapidly adjustable retaining wall block 7-slope embankment model experimental device, and includes the following steps:

[0067] Step 1: When using the breakwater, the experimenters first determine the geometric, kinematic, and dynamic similarity constants of the breakwater model experiment to be conducted based on the breakwater design parameters, marine wave load environment, and the "Design Code for Breakwaters and Revetments". They then determine the geometric parameters of the breakwater to be tested, such as breakwater height, breakwater slope, and the weight of the revetment blocks, and design specific adjustment schemes for the quick-adjustable support frame, prefabricated bottom protection, and prefabricated sloping breakwater surface.

[0068] Step 2: Place the assembly base plate in a suitable location in the water tank laboratory. It is recommended that the base plate be placed at least three wavelengths away from the wave generator. Subsequently, the adjustable support frame is adjusted according to the determined geometric similarity constant of the breakwater model test. Taking a geometric similarity ratio of 1:20 and a designed breakwater geometric dimension of 9m as an example, the design height of the sloping breakwater is adjusted through different positioning interfaces provided in the vertical support system. The telescopic uprights are adjusted to a position of 0.45m, and different breakwater top superelevation Hc is controlled in conjunction with changes in the water depth in front of the breakwater. The slope of the sloping breakwater is adjusted through the angle adjustment arm in conjunction with the assembled integrated base plate. The designed breakwater slope is 1:1.25. The slope of the sloping breakwater is adjusted to 1:1.25 through the angle adjustment arm in conjunction with the assembled integrated base plate, and fixed through the 1:1.25 positioning holes, standardized interfaces, elastic limit posts and snap-on quick-installation slots on the assembled integrated base plate. It supports slope levels of 1:1.2, 1:1.25 and 1:1.5, and automatically triggers the deployment of the balance support legs 12 according to different slope adjustments to ensure the stability of the sloping breakwater under wave loads. After adjusting the slope and height of the breakwater, adjust the sliding grooves with built-in telescoping and folding functions of the quick-adjusting support frame to coordinate the length of the breakwater. After the support system adjustment is complete, lay the edge segment 20 of the front revetment according to the designed slope and length of the breakwater, and lay the front revetment according to the designed slope and length of the breakwater. Select the number of revetment sections to assemble based on the designed revetment length. Also, select the specific number of intermediate segments 21 of the prefabricated revetment 4 based on the designed front revetment length of the breakwater.

[0069] Step 3: After the support system is assembled, the upper precast concrete base plate is arranged to fit the guide channel plate 6 of the wave collection device. The lower base plate is matched with the edge segments of the prefabricated bottom protection 4 at 20° angles according to the dual-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism of the quickly adjustable support frame. The remaining base plates form the main body of the sloping embankment 1 according to the standardized connection interfaces set at the edges of the base plates. The friction coefficient between the prefabricated sloping embankment surface and the T-shaped blocks is determined by the impact roll test. The impact roll test uses waves as the dynamic condition and the particle size block embankment model test device as a blank control group. The content and roundness of the precast concrete on the prefabricated sloping embankment surface are adjusted so that under the same T-shaped block arrangement, the same wave action causes the block instability mode to be consistent, and the instability error does not exceed 90%.

[0070] Step 4: When there is a need for wave collection, the main body of wave collection box 5 is deployed, so that the part of the separate wave collection body close to the breakwater directly receives the overtopping waves through the single-width overtopping wave collection inlet. The middle is separated by a separator device with a flow passage 28 at the bottom. On the other side, a real-time monitoring device for overtopping volume is arranged in the wave surface stability zone. The graded fixing interface and positioning and limiting array of the support base plate 2 of the flow guiding device and the main body of the separate wave collection box 5 are adjusted to match the elevation of the top of the breakwater. That is, the graded fixing bolts of the flow guiding device are adjusted to match the elevation of the top of the breakwater.

[0071] Step 5: After the rapid adjustment test device for the slope embankment model of the revetment block 7 is set up, conduct wave rate tests on the slope embankment and complete the corresponding wave flow flume test. After the single test is completed, repeat steps one to four to perform rapid adjustments of the slope embankment of the revetment block 7 for the remaining design conditions.

[0072] This specification also discloses a height-adjustable wave collector, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, it includes a box body and a flow guide plate 6; an inlet 22 is formed on the side of the box body, and one end of the flow guide plate 6 can be raised and lowered at the inlet 22 so that the other end of the flow guide plate 6 is connected to the top of the embankment of the sloping embankment model.

[0073] The bottom of the flow guide plate 6 has a connecting part, and the connecting part is connected to a patch that fits the side of the box and moves up and down with the flow guide plate 6. A vertical pressing plate 24 is provided on the box along the rising and falling direction of the flow guide plate 6. The vertical pressing plate 24 is located on the patch, and a fixing member 23 connected to the box is provided on the vertical pressing plate 24. The fixing member 23 is used to press and fix the patch by the vertical pressing plate 24.

[0074] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the connecting part includes mounting plates 27 disposed on both sides of the bottom of the guide channel plate 6, and two vertical pressing plates 24 are respectively located on both sides of the mounting plate 27.

[0075] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, mounting plate 27 is formed on the patch, and the patch is also formed between mounting plates 27.

[0076] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the mounting plate 27 is perpendicular to the bottom of the guide channel plate 6, and the width of the mounting plate 27 gradually increases from the bottom of the guide channel plate 6 along the guide direction of the guide channel, with the vertical pressing plate 24 clamping the mounting plate 27 at its maximum width.

[0077] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7As shown, multiple fasteners 23 are arranged vertically on the vertical pressing plate 24.

[0078] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the fastener 23 includes a bolt, and the head of the bolt rests against the side of the vertical pressing plate 24 away from the housing, and the shank of the bolt passes through the vertical pressing plate 24 and is threadedly connected to the housing.

[0079] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the guide channel plate 6 includes a guide base plate 26 and guide side plates 25 located on both sides of the guide base plate 26 along the guide direction. The guide base plate 26 is connected to the top of the sloping embankment. Reinforcing plates are connected between the mounting plates 27 below and above the guide side plates 25.

[0080] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a partition plate is provided in the middle of the tank to divide the tank into a receiving wave-overflowing zone containing the inlet 22 and a wave surface stabilization zone. A flow passage 28 is formed between the partition plate and the bottom of the tank to connect the receiving wave-overflowing zone and the wave surface stabilization zone. A wave-overflowing monitoring device 8 is provided in the wave surface stabilization zone.

[0081] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, the flow channels 28 are formed in multiple ways under the partition plate, and are evenly distributed in a rectangular pattern.

[0082] This application differs from existing technologies in its structural appearance, internal principles, and research methods. It relates to the field of near-shore engineering, distinct from the marine engineering experimental technology field covered by the searched patent. While this application features a variable slope angle adjustment function for the sloping breakwater, its focus is on achieving coordinated adjustment of the sloping breakwater slope and superelevation through an integrated base plate and a rapidly adjustable support frame. Furthermore, part of the sloping breakwater surface 1 is a prefabricated slope, and the friction coefficient of this prefabricated slope has been calibrated through impact and roll tests, satisfying the requirements for studying the stability of the facing blocks 7 on the sloping breakwater surface. In addition, the main structures of this application, including the integrated base plate, rapidly adjustable support frame, bottom protection, wave collector 5, guide channel, and facing blocks 7, differ significantly from those of the searched patent.

[0083] This application integrates the support frame 3, prefabricated bottom protection 4, and wave collection box 5 onto a prefabricated integrated base plate with built-in positioning logic. This prefabricated and modular design saves time and labor, improving the flexibility and structural stability of the prefabricated sloping breakwater model experimental device, and facilitating rapid adjustment of different breakwater parameters under various design conditions. The application also utilizes a rapidly adjustable vertical support system of the support frame to form vertical supports for breakwaters with different slopes, quickly adjusting the height and slope of the sloping breakwater to achieve rapid realization of different breakwater design parameters, thus improving the efficiency and safety of variable structure lifting condition transition tests. The wave collection box 5 and its accompanying automated wave overtopping monitoring device 8 can achieve real-time statistics of single-wave overtopping and are applicable to different water content conditions behind the breakwater, improving the accuracy and timeliness of automated equipment. Finally, the prefabricated sloping breakwater surface of this application avoids the cumbersome processes of building, repairing, and cleaning the breakwater after the experiment, saving manpower and resources, greatly improving the repeatability of breakwater experiments, and offering advantages in reusability and economy.

[0084] In this specification, the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the descriptions of the embodiments described later are relatively simple, and relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the foregoing embodiments.

[0085] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A height adjustable power collection box, characterized in that, It includes a box body and a flow guide plate; the side of the box body has a water inlet, and one end of the flow guide plate can be raised and lowered at the water inlet so that the other end of the flow guide plate is connected to the top of the embankment of the sloping embankment model; The bottom of the flow guide plate has a connecting part, and the connecting part is connected to a patch that fits the side of the box and moves up and down with the flow guide plate. A vertical pressing plate is provided on the box along the rising and falling direction of the flow guide plate. The vertical pressing plate is located on the patch. A fixing member is provided on the vertical pressing plate and connected to the box. The fixing member is used to press and fix the patch by the vertical pressing plate.

2. The height adjustable wave trap of claim 1, wherein, The connecting part includes mounting plates disposed on both sides of the bottom of the guide channel plate, and two vertical pressing plates are provided, which are respectively located on both sides of the mounting plates.

3. The height adjustable wave trap of claim 2, wherein, The mounting plate is formed on the patch, and the patch is also formed between the mounting plates.

4. The height adjustable wave trap of claim 3, wherein, The mounting plate is perpendicular to the bottom of the flow guide plate, and the width of the mounting plate gradually increases from the bottom of the flow guide plate along the flow guide direction of the flow guide channel. The vertical pressing plate clamps the mounting plate at its maximum width.

5. The height adjustable wave trap according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The fasteners are arranged vertically on the vertical pressing plate in multiple ways.

6. The height adjustable wave trap of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The fastener includes a bolt, the head of which rests against the side of the vertical pressure plate away from the housing, and the shank of the bolt passes through the vertical pressure plate and is threadedly connected to the housing.

7. The height adjustable wave trap of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The guide channel plate includes a guide bottom plate and guide side plates located on both sides of the guide bottom plate along the guide direction. The guide bottom plate is connected to the top of the sloping embankment.

8. The height adjustable wave trap of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, A partition plate is provided in the middle of the tank to divide the tank into a receiving wave-overflowing zone containing the water inlet and a wave surface stabilization zone. A flow passage is formed between the partition plate and the bottom of the tank to connect the receiving wave-overflowing zone and the wave surface stabilization zone. A wave-overflowing monitoring device is provided in the wave surface stabilization zone.

9. The height adjustable wave trap of claim 8, wherein, The flow channels are formed in multiple ways under the partition plate.

10. A device for model experiment of a sloping embankment, characterized by Includes a sloping embankment model and a height-adjustable wave collection box as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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