A hydraulic support device for supporting a coal face

Abstract

The utility model relates to coal mining support technical field, concretely relates to a kind of hydraulic support equipment of coal face support, equipment first hydraulic cylinder bottom axle joint slot rear, its output end first hydraulic rod axle joint rear push plate inner side;Rear push plate other end axle joint rear inclined beam, rear inclined beam again axle joint flat beam rear end;Flat beam front end axle joint front push plate, front push plate top end fixed vertical to the sharp head rod of roof;In operation, first hydraulic cylinder pushes rear push plate rotation and blocks gangue of goaf, simultaneously drives flat beam lifting adjustment support height by rear inclined beam;Front push plate moves with flat beam to make sharp head rod pierce into roof and enhance stability, and utilize the disengaging action when flat beam moves down, to sharp part automatically scraping break the traditional structure that cannot be mined in equipment directly above, closely shielded coal seam;Slot provides stable base for first hydraulic cylinder, ensure efficient conduction of pressure;The utility model synchronously realizes goaf protection, support height adjustment and shielding coal seam autonomous breaking function with single hydraulic source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal mining support technology, and in particular to a hydraulic support device for coal mining face support. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional coal mining face support generally relies on manually erected wooden or metal pillars to support the roof. This type of structure forms a temporary support space through physical diagonal bracing. Its core problem is that the support points are concentrated in a local area. When the roof pressure increases sharply or the rock strata shift, the support face is prone to structural instability, leading to the overall collapse of the support system and causing serious safety hazards. Therefore, it has been gradually phased out in actual high-yield and high-efficiency coal mining operations.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies employ a hydraulic support structure to replace manual support panels: a hydraulic cylinder drives a telescopic rod to push a metal roof beam, forming a rigid support canopy with adjustable height. In this solution, the hydraulic system provides continuous and stable active support force, with a significantly larger coverage area than manual support panels, effectively resisting uneven pressure on the roof. Simultaneously, a movable push plate structure is added behind the hydraulic roof beam, which, driven by the hydraulic rod, can deflect backward into the goaf area, preventing some of the collapsed rock from intruding into the working space.

[0004] However, this hydraulic support structure has revealed two key defects in practical applications: First, because the top beam and the front push plate are fixed as a whole, the front push plate is designed to be flat against the top when in the support state. Its top surface is in direct contact with the coal seam, forming a support barrier. As a result, the coal seam (about 10-20cm thick) located directly above the equipment and close to the front push plate cannot be reached by the mining equipment, forming a continuous blind spot in coal mining and causing waste of resources. Second, although the rear push plate is connected to the hydraulic cylinder through a hydraulic rod, the hydraulic cylinder base is installed on the rear inclined support beam hinged to the top beam. As a result, the impact pressure of the gangue on the rear push plate can only be transmitted to the suspended rear inclined beam structure and cannot be directly transmitted to the roadway floor. The support force is distributed in a cantilever beam manner. When a large-scale collapse of gangue behind it occurs, it is easy to cause deformation of the rear inclined beam structure, resulting in the failure of the protective function. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a hydraulic support device for coal mining face support, which solves the problems of coal seams obstructed above the front in traditional hydraulic support structures being unable to be effectively crushed and recovered due to equipment coverage, and pressure transmission failure in the rear protective structure due to the hydraulic cylinder support points not being grounded.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a hydraulic support device for coal mining faces, including a first hydraulic cylinder. The bottom of the first hydraulic cylinder is mounted behind the clamping groove via a shaft. The output end of the first hydraulic cylinder is provided with a first hydraulic rod. The end of the first hydraulic rod is mounted inside the rear push plate via a shaft. The rear push plate is mounted at one end of the rear inclined beam via a shaft. The other end of the rear inclined beam is mounted at one end of the flat beam via a shaft. A front push plate is mounted at the other end of the flat beam via a shaft. Several pointed rods are fixedly mounted on the top of the front push plate.

[0007] The front push plate is fixedly installed with a rotating pull rod at its bottom end. A second hydraulic rod is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the rotating pull rod, and the second hydraulic rod is located at the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder.

[0008] The end of the second hydraulic cylinder furthest from the second hydraulic rod is mounted on one side of the bottom of the flat beam via a shaft, and two third hydraulic rods are symmetrically mounted on the middle of the bottom of the flat beam via shafts.

[0009] The other end of the third hydraulic rod is located at the output end of the third hydraulic cylinder, and the bottom of the third hydraulic cylinder is installed between the two clamping plates via a shaft.

[0010] Two of the clamping plates form a set, and the two sets of clamping plates are symmetrically installed on the top of the support block. At the same time, a clamping groove is formed between the two sets of clamping plates, and a connecting plate is fixedly installed in front of the clamping groove.

[0011] In each set of clamping plates, a limit stop is fixedly installed on the side adjacent to the third hydraulic cylinder, and a connecting rod is installed on the other side of the interior of each set of clamping plates adjacent to the third hydraulic cylinder via a shaft.

[0012] The other end of the connecting rod is installed on the inner middle of the rear inclined beam via a shaft. Two rotating plates are installed on the rear inclined beam adjacent to the connecting rod via a shaft. The other end of the rotating plates is installed inside each set of clamps adjacent to the connecting rod via a shaft.

[0013] This utility model discloses a hydraulic support device for coal mining faces. In this device, the bottom of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the rear of the slotted structure via a shaft to form a load-bearing fulcrum. The end of the first hydraulic rod installed at its output end is connected to the inner side of the rear push plate via a shaft, forming a rear power transmission chain. The other end of the rear push plate is movably connected to the rear inclined beam via a shaft. The end of the rear inclined beam away from the rear push plate is then hinged to the rear end of the flat beam via a shaft to form a triangular support frame. The front end of the flat beam is mounted to the front push plate via a shaft. A pointed rod fixed at the top of the front push plate points vertically toward the top of the coal mining face. The position change of the flat beam drives the pointed rod to cyclically penetrate and detach from the top plate. During the detachment process, its sharp end scrapes and breaks the coal seam directly above the equipment. The slotted structure serves as the basic load-bearing structure, providing a stable mounting base for the first hydraulic cylinder and forming a dynamic geometric constraint system together with the rear inclined beam.

[0014] When the first hydraulic cylinder drives the first hydraulic rod to extend and retract, it pushes the rear push plate to rotate around its axis, forming an adjustable-angle rigid barrier that effectively prevents the intrusion of gangue from the goaf into the working space. Simultaneously, the movement of the rear push plate is transmitted to the horizontal beam through the rear inclined beam, causing the horizontal beam to change position in the height direction, thereby adjusting the support height of the roof support. The front push plate installed at the front end of the horizontal beam moves with the horizontal beam, and its pointed rod at the top penetrates into the coal seam roof in the supported state. Through mechanical interlocking, it enhances the anti-slip stability of the support structure. When it detaches from the roof, the sharp structure automatically breaks up the coal seam that is tightly covered by equipment and cannot be mined by traditional support, eliminating the waste of blind mining areas. The clamping groove fixes the bottom of the first hydraulic cylinder to form a stable moment fulcrum, ensuring that the hydraulic thrust is efficiently transmitted to the rear push plate. Finally, the entire structure, driven by a single hydraulic source, simultaneously achieves three functions: dynamic protection of gangue in the goaf, adaptive adjustment of support height, and autonomous breaking of the obstructing coal seam, forming an intensive safety support unit. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the support block in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flat beam in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall planar structure of an embodiment of this utility model.

[0020] In the diagram: 101, First hydraulic cylinder; 102, clamping groove; 103, First hydraulic rod; 104, rear push plate; 105, rear inclined beam; 106, flat beam; 107, front push plate; 108, pointed rod; 109, rotating pull rod; 110, second hydraulic rod; 111, second hydraulic cylinder; 112, third hydraulic rod; 113, third hydraulic cylinder; 114, clamping plate; 115, support block; 116, connecting plate; 117, limit stop; 118, connecting rod; 119, rotating plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figures 1-4 .

[0023] This utility model provides a hydraulic support device for coal mining faces. A support block 115 serves as the bottom load-bearing foundation of the device and is firmly fixed to the roadway floor. Two clamping plates 114, forming a set, are vertically fixed to the top sides of the support block 115, creating a clamping groove 102 structure. A connecting plate 116 is fixedly installed at the front of the clamping groove 102 to enhance its deformation resistance. A third hydraulic cylinder 113 is hinged at its bottom to the two sets of clamping plates 114 via a shaft and is connected to the clamping groove 102. 2. Adjacent to each other, the third hydraulic rod 112 at the output end of the third hydraulic cylinder 113 is hinged to the middle position of the bottom of the flat beam 106 via a shaft. The flat beam 106 is connected to one end of the front push plate 107 via a shaft and is movably connected to the rear inclined beam 105 via the other end of the shaft. The end of the rear inclined beam 105 away from the flat beam 106 is hinged to the inner side of the rear push plate 104 via a shaft. The rear push plate 104 is also movably connected to the end of the first hydraulic rod 103 at the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 101 via a shaft. The bottom of 101 is mounted between two sets of clamping plates 114 behind the clamping groove 102 via a shaft, thus forming a key transmission path for the rear support force. The second hydraulic cylinder 111 is mounted on one side of the bottom end of the flat beam 106 via a shaft, and its output end second hydraulic rod 110 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the rotating pull rod 109 fixed to the bottom end of the front push plate 107. Several pointed rods 108 vertically pointing to the top plate are fixedly installed on the top of the front push plate 107 for cutting into the coal seam. In addition, the interior of each set of clamping plates 114 is connected to the first A limit stop 117 is fixedly installed on one side of the three hydraulic cylinders 113 to limit the range of motion of the third hydraulic cylinder 113. On the other side, a connecting rod 118 is movably installed via a shaft. The other end of the connecting rod 118 is fixed to the middle position of the inner side of the rear inclined beam 105 via a shaft. Near the connection between the rear inclined beam 105 and the connecting rod 118, two rotating plates 119 are symmetrically installed via a shaft. The other end of the rotating plates 119 is correspondingly hinged to the inner side wall of each set of clamping plates 114 via a shaft to form a linkage protection structure.

[0024] Working principle: When the equipment enters the coal mining face, the third hydraulic cylinder 113 drives the third hydraulic rod 112 at the output end to extend and retract, pushing the flat beam 106 to rise and fall vertically, adjusting the overall support height to adapt to changes in coal seam thickness and creating a mining operation space below the flat beam 106. The rising and falling motion of the flat beam 106 simultaneously drives the rear inclined beam 105 connected to its rear end to rotate around its axis, changing its inclination angle. The angle change of the rear inclined beam 105 is transmitted to the inside of the clamping plate 114 through the linkage of the connecting rod 118. At the same time, the rotating plate 119 installed on the rear inclined beam 105 rotates between the inside of the clamping plate 114 and the rear inclined beam 105 as the angle changes. At this time, if the equipment... As the coal mining operation progresses forward, the rear structure consisting of the rotating plate 119 and the clamping groove 102 automatically blocks falling rock blocks from intruding into the working space. Simultaneously, the second hydraulic cylinder 111 pulls or pushes the rotating rod 109 via the second hydraulic rod 110 at its output end, causing the front push plate 107 to rotate upwards around the horizontal beam 106 until it is flush with the top surface of the horizontal beam 106, forming the leading edge support surface for the roof. At this time, the pointed rod 108 at the top of the front push plate 107 is deeply inserted into the coal seam of the roadway roof to enhance support stability. After the coal mining operation starts, the second hydraulic cylinder 111 continuously drives the front push plate 107 to rotate downwards, using the pointed rod 108 to support the roof. The coal seam is subjected to periodic, strong impacts, causing the internal fissures of the coal to expand and break into chunks. Once the coal chunks are completely loosened, the front push plate 107 continues to tilt downwards to a lower position, causing the broken coal to slide down its slope into the conveying equipment below to prevent any leakage. On the other hand, the first hydraulic cylinder 101 pushes the rear push plate 104 to rotate around the connecting shaft of the rear inclined beam 105 through the first hydraulic rod 103 at the output end. Under hydraulic drive, the rear push plate 104 forms a vertical barrier to block the crushed rock in the goaf behind. It is important to emphasize the structural characteristic that the base hinge point of the first hydraulic cylinder 101 is located in the clamping plate 114 rather than the rear inclined beam 105, so that the rock pressure borne by the rear push plate 104 is transferred through the clamping plate 114. 14 The force is directly transmitted to the support block 115 and then distributed to the ground foundation. Compared with the suspended force caused by the hydraulic cylinder being installed on the rear inclined beam 105 in the traditional technology, this greatly improves the support reliability of the rear rock retaining structure. During the entire operation, the limit block 117 restricts the stroke of the third hydraulic cylinder 113 to ensure the safe range of lifting. The connecting rod 118 and the rotating plate 119 work together to maintain the stability of the angle change of the rear inclined beam 105. Finally, all components work together to realize the core functions of support height adjustment, efficient crushing and falling of the top coal seam, and real-time protection of the collapse behind the goaf. This significantly reduces the risk of coal mining operations and improves the efficiency of continuous mining.

[0025] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely one or more preferred embodiments of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes for implementing the above embodiments and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of this application still fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A hydraulic support device for coal mining faces, comprising a first hydraulic cylinder (101), characterized in that: The bottom of the first hydraulic cylinder (101) is mounted behind the clamping groove (102) via a shaft. The output end of the first hydraulic cylinder (101) is provided with a first hydraulic rod (103). The end of the first hydraulic rod (103) is mounted inside the rear push plate (104) via a shaft. The rear push plate (104) is mounted at one end of the rear inclined beam (105) via a shaft. The other end of the rear inclined beam (105) is mounted at one end of the flat beam (106) via a shaft. The other end of the flat beam (106) is mounted with a front push plate (107) via a shaft. Several pointed rods (108) are fixedly mounted on the top of the front push plate (107).

2. The hydraulic support equipment for coal mining face as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A rotating pull rod (109) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the front push plate (107). A second hydraulic rod (110) is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the rotating pull rod (109). The second hydraulic rod (110) is located at the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder (111).

3. The hydraulic support equipment for coal mining face as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the second hydraulic cylinder (111) away from the second hydraulic rod (110) is mounted on one side of the bottom end of the flat beam (106) via a shaft. Two third hydraulic rods (112) are symmetrically mounted on the middle of the bottom end of the flat beam (106) via shafts.

4. The hydraulic support equipment for coal mining face as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The other end of the third hydraulic rod (112) is respectively located at the output end of the third hydraulic cylinder (113), and the bottom of the third hydraulic cylinder (113) is respectively installed between the two clamping plates (114) via a shaft.

5. The hydraulic support equipment for coal mining face as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The two clamping plates (114) are a set. The two sets of clamping plates (114) are symmetrically installed on the top of the support block (115). At the same time, a clamping groove (102) is formed between the two sets of clamping plates (114), and a connecting plate (116) is fixedly installed in front of the clamping groove (102).

6. The hydraulic support equipment for coal mining face as described in claim 5, characterized in that: Limiting blocks (117) are fixedly installed on the side of each set of clamping plates (114) adjacent to the third hydraulic cylinder (113), and connecting rods (118) are installed on the other side of each set of clamping plates (114) adjacent to the third hydraulic cylinder (113) via shafts.

7. The hydraulic support equipment for coal mining face as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The other end of the connecting rod (118) is installed on the inner middle of the rear inclined beam (105) via a shaft. Two rotating plates (119) are installed on the rear inclined beam (105) adjacent to the connecting rod (118) via a shaft. The other end of the rotating plates (119) is installed on the inside of each set of clamps (114) adjacent to the connecting rod (118) via a shaft.

Images