A dust reduction system for a drill-and-blast tunnel in a personnel-intensive area

Abstract

The utility model relates to tunnel engineering technical field, concretely relates to a kind of drill and blast method tunnel personnel dense area dust fall system, including air curtain dust separation device, spray dust fall device, dust detection device and control equipment, the control equipment is connected in the dust detection device, the air curtain dust separation device and the spray dust fall device, the air curtain dust separation device includes air pipe and air curtain mobile car, the air pipe is fixed on the air curtain mobile car, multiple air outlets are spaced apart on the air pipe, the air pipe is used to connect to external air intake pipe, the spray dust fall device includes water pipe and spray mobile car, the water pipe is fixed on the spray mobile car, multiple nozzles are spaced apart on the water pipe, the water pipe is used to connect to external water supply pipe.The utility model solves the technical problem that dust fall mode cannot realize safe and effective control of dust in tunnel in prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel engineering technology, specifically to a dust suppression system for densely populated areas in drill-and-blast tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] In tunnel engineering, drill-and-blast is a commonly used construction method. However, the large amount of dust generated during drilling and blasting operations not only poses a threat to the health of construction workers but also affects visibility in the work area, reduces construction efficiency, and can even lead to safety accidents. Especially in densely populated areas of the tunnel, where ventilation is limited, dust concentrations are often higher and difficult to disperse and dissipate quickly. Therefore, effectively controlling and reducing dust generated during drilling and blasting operations has become a significant technical challenge in tunnel construction.

[0003] Existing dust suppression technologies, such as wet spraying and ventilation dust collection, can reduce dust to some extent, but their effectiveness is not ideal when applied in densely populated areas. First, wet spraying can cause slippery surfaces, increasing safety hazards; second, ventilation dust collection systems often fail to be sufficiently effective in densely populated tunnels, unable to achieve rapid and effective dust control. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a dust suppression system for densely populated areas in drill-and-blast tunnels, in order to solve the technical problem that existing dust suppression methods cannot achieve safe and effective control of dust in tunnels. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] This utility model provides a dust suppression system for densely populated areas in drill-and-blast tunnels, including an air curtain dust suppression device, a spray dust suppression device, a dust detection device, and a control device. The control device is connected to the dust detection device, the air curtain dust suppression device, and the spray dust suppression device. The air curtain dust suppression device includes an air duct and an air curtain mobile vehicle. The air duct is fixed to the air curtain mobile vehicle and has multiple air outlets spaced apart. The air duct is used to connect to an external air inlet pipe. The spray dust suppression device includes a water pipe and a spray mobile vehicle. The water pipe is fixed to the spray mobile vehicle and has multiple nozzles spaced apart. The water pipe is used to connect to an external water supply pipe.

[0006] A further improvement of this utility model to a dust suppression system for densely populated areas in a drill-and-blast tunnel is that both the air duct and the water pipe are arc-shaped, which is adapted to the shape of the tunnel's arch surface.

[0007] A further improvement of this utility model to a dust suppression system for densely populated areas in tunnels using the drill-and-blast method is that the number of air curtain mobile vehicles is two, and the two air curtain mobile vehicles are respectively fixed to both ends of the air duct.

[0008] A further improvement of this utility model to a dust suppression system for densely populated areas in tunnels using the drill-and-blast method is that the number of the spray mobile vehicles is two, and the two spray mobile vehicles are respectively fixed to both ends of the water pipe.

[0009] A further improvement of this utility model to a dust suppression system for densely populated areas in a drill-and-blast tunnel is that the number of air curtain dust suppression devices is at least two, and the at least two air curtain dust suppression devices are respectively located at both ends of the dust suppression area.

[0010] A further improvement of the dust suppression system for densely populated areas in a drill-and-blast tunnel according to this utility model is that the number of the spray dust suppression devices is at least two, and the at least two spray dust suppression devices are arranged at intervals between the at least two air curtain dust isolation devices.

[0011] A further improvement of this utility model to a dust suppression system for densely populated areas in a drill-and-blast tunnel is that the dust detection device is installed on the duct of the air curtain dust isolation device near the tunnel face.

[0012] The application of the technical solution of this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] This invention relates to a dust suppression system for densely populated areas in drill-and-blast tunnels. When a dust detection device detects dust levels reaching a threshold, the control equipment activates an air curtain dust isolation device to isolate the dust. Then, a spray dust suppression device is used to spray and suppress the dust. Simultaneously, the system can control both the air curtain and spray vehicles to move and reduce dust. The air curtain dust isolation device improves airflow, keeps the ground dry, and avoids safety issues caused by slippery surfaces. This solves the technical problem that existing dust suppression methods cannot achieve safe and effective dust control within tunnels. This invention enables efficient dust control in densely populated areas of drill-and-blast tunnel construction sites, improving the construction environment, ensuring construction safety, and is easy to operate.

[0014] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, this utility model has other objectives, features, and advantages. The present utility model will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dust suppression system for densely populated areas in a tunnel using the drill-and-blast method according to this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2This is a side view of a dust suppression system for densely populated areas in a tunnel using the drill-and-blast method, according to this utility model.

[0018] Among them, 1. Tunnel face; 2. Air curtain dust control device; 2.1 Air duct; 2.2 Air curtain mobile vehicle; 2.3 Dust detection device; 3. Spray dust suppression device; 3.1 Water pipe; 3.2 Spray mobile vehicle. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] See Figures 1-2 As shown, a dust suppression system for densely populated areas in drill-and-blast tunnels includes an air curtain dust suppression device 2, a spray dust suppression device 3, a dust detection device 2.3, and a control device. The control device is connected to the dust detection device 2.3, the air curtain dust suppression device 2, and the spray dust suppression device 3. The air curtain dust suppression device 2 includes an air duct 2.1 and an air curtain mobile vehicle 2.2. The air duct 2.1 is fixed to the air curtain mobile vehicle 2.2 and has multiple air outlets spaced apart. The air duct 2.1 is used to connect to an external air inlet pipe. The spray dust suppression device 3 includes a water pipe 3.1 and a spray mobile vehicle 3.2. The water pipe 3.1 is fixed to the spray mobile vehicle 3.2 and has multiple nozzles spaced apart. The water pipe 3.1 is used to connect to an external water supply pipe.

[0021] Specifically, the dust detection device 2.3 can be a dust detector. The duct 2.1 is a rigid duct with multiple high-speed jet nozzles. The end of the duct 2.1 has an air supply port connecting to an external air inlet pipe, providing a continuous airflow source and ensuring the stability of the air curtain. By forming an air curtain within the tunnel construction area, it effectively prevents dust from spreading from the tunnel face 1 to the densely populated area A. The air curtain dust suppression device 2 effectively prevents dust from spreading to the densely populated area A, and the generation of high-speed airflow requires minimal equipment, making it suitable for use in narrow tunnels. The spray dust suppression device 3 uses a three-way nozzle (i.e., a nozzle with nozzles pointing in three directions), which can effectively cover the tunnel cross-section and automatically adjust the spray volume according to the dust concentration to achieve efficient dust suppression while reducing water waste. The spray dust suppression device 3 atomizes high-pressure water into fine droplets through a rigid water pipe. Utilizing the multi-directional nozzle structure, the water mist can cover a wider area, directly capturing dust particles in the air to achieve dust suppression. The spraying device is also moved via a mobile spraying vehicle 3.2 at the bottom to ensure uniform coverage of the densely populated area A within the tunnel. The end of the water pipe 3.1 is equipped with a water supply port connecting to an external water supply pipe, ensuring stable system operation and allowing adjustment of the spray volume based on actual dust concentration. This water pipe 3.1 is a rigid pipe. Through the combination of a dust detector and control equipment, the system can automatically adjust its operating status according to actual conditions, achieving efficient and automated dust control, reducing manual operation, and improving construction efficiency.

[0022] Preferably, both the air duct 2.1 and the water pipe 3.1 are arc-shaped, adapting to the shape of the tunnel's arch surface. This shape of the air duct 2.1 and water pipe 3.1 can maximize the coverage of the area to be dusted, without affecting the normal construction operations of the tunnel.

[0023] Preferably, there are two air curtain mobile vehicles 2.2, and the two air curtain mobile vehicles 2.2 are respectively fixed to both ends of the air duct 2.1.

[0024] Preferably, there are two mobile spray vehicles 3.2, each fixed to one end of the water pipe 3.1. Both the mobile spray vehicle 3.2 and the air curtain vehicle 2.2 are driven by motors, which are connected to a control device to control their position. Both the air curtain dust suppression device 2 and the spray dust suppression device 3 are equipped with mobile vehicles, allowing for flexible position adjustments during construction to meet the dust suppression needs of different work sections. Especially during tunnel blasting, flexible movement ensures that dust does not spread outside the tunnel or affect other work areas, reducing the time spent on repeated installation and disassembly of the equipment.

[0025] Preferably, there are at least two air curtain dust suppression devices 2, which are respectively located at both ends of the dust suppression area. In this embodiment, there are two air curtain dust suppression devices 2, which are located at both ends of the densely populated personnel area A in the tunnel construction, thereby isolating the dust in the area to facilitate the concentrated dust suppression by the spray dust suppression device 3.

[0026] Preferably, the number of the spray dust suppression device 3 is at least two, and the at least two spray dust suppression devices 3 are arranged at intervals between the at least two air curtain dust suppression devices 2. The number of spray dust suppression devices 3 can be increased or decreased according to actual construction needs to meet the needs of tunnels of different sizes, and has strong flexibility and scalability.

[0027] Preferably, the dust detection device 2.3 is installed on the air duct 2.1 of the air curtain dust suppression device 2 near the tunnel face 1, so that when the amount of dust increases, the dust detection device 2.3 can provide feedback to the control equipment in the first time. When the dust concentration is detected to exceed the safety threshold, the control equipment can control the wind speed of the air curtain dust suppression device 2 and the spray size of the spray dust suppression device 3.

[0028] During the drill-and-blast method of construction, blasting generates a large amount of dust. This dust is first blocked by an air curtain dust suppression device 2 installed on the densely populated area A side of the tunnel, which uses high-speed airflow to confine the dust to the vicinity of the tunnel face 1. If the dust concentration is still high, a spray dust suppression device 3 will be activated according to the instructions of the system control equipment. It combines fine water mist with the dust particles and settles them to the ground, thereby achieving secondary dust suppression.

[0029] During dust suppression, the system continuously monitors changes in dust concentration and adjusts the operating parameters of the air curtain dust suppression device 2 and the spray dust suppression device 3 through a feedback mechanism to ensure maximum dust suppression effect. When the dust concentration drops to a safe range, the system will automatically reduce the spray intensity or stop spraying to reduce water waste and extend equipment life.

[0030] The main factors affecting the dust suppression efficiency of nozzles include dust concentration, the relative velocity and relative particle size between droplets and dust particles, and the effective area of ​​the droplets. The amount of droplets collected per unit distance and unit time can be expressed by formula 1):

[0031] δ M =f(v,η) g ,C,A,q,S,V) / V 1);

[0032] Where: δ M η represents the dustfall rate per unit length per unit time, in g·m / t; f is the functional relationship; v is the relative velocity between the droplets and the dust, in m / s; η gC represents the collection efficiency of a single droplet; C represents the dust concentration, g / m³. 3 A represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the capture zone, in meters. 2 q represents the volumetric water content, m 3 / m 3 S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the droplet, in meters. 2 V is the droplet volume, m 3 .

[0033] The collection efficiency η of a single fog droplet g The expression is shown in Equation 2):

[0034]

[0035] Where: Stokes number s t It can be calculated as d p ρ represents the particle size of the dust particles, in meters (m); p Dust density, kg / m³ 3 μ g D is the gas density, Pa·s; c denoted as droplet diameter, in meters (m).

[0036] The change in dust mass concentration is shown in Figure 3).

[0037]

[0038] Where: dc is the change in dust mass concentration, g / m³ 3 δM is the amount of dust settling per unit length per unit time, in g / (m·s); dx is the length of the infinitesimal element, in m; A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel, in m². 2 .

[0039] During tunnel construction, this device uses a dust detector mounted on top of the air curtain dust suppression device 2 to monitor changes in dust concentration in real time and transmits the monitoring data to the control equipment instantly. Based on the feedback signal of dust concentration, the control equipment automatically adjusts the position and operating status of the air curtain dust suppression device 2 and the spray dust suppression device 3 to ensure precise dust control and effective suppression. Simultaneously, the air curtain dust suppression device 2 forms an isolation barrier through high-speed airflow, quickly blocking the spread of dust and effectively controlling it within the tunnel face area 1. Combined with the continuous spraying from the three-way nozzles of the spray dust suppression device 3, it can rapidly reduce the dust concentration to a safe standard, providing a clean and safe working environment for construction personnel. After completing rapid dust suppression, the device can be flexibly moved to the next working position via a mobile vehicle, ensuring the continuity and efficiency of construction.

[0040] This invention relates to a dust suppression system for densely populated areas in drill-and-blast tunnels. When dust detection device 2.3 detects dust levels reaching a threshold, the control equipment activates an air curtain dust isolation device to isolate the dust. Then, a spray dust suppression device 3 performs spray dust suppression. Simultaneously, the system can control the movement of both the air curtain mobile vehicle 2.2 and the spray mobile vehicle 3.2 for dust suppression. The air curtain dust isolation device 2 improves airflow, keeps the ground dry, and avoids safety issues caused by slippery surfaces. This solves the technical problem that existing dust suppression methods cannot achieve safe and effective dust control within tunnels. This invention can control the entire dust suppression system for densely populated areas in drill-and-blast tunnels, achieving efficient dust control in densely populated areas A during tunnel construction, improving the construction environment, ensuring construction safety, and the system is easy to operate.

[0041] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A dust reduction system for a personnel-intensive area of a tunnel constructed by the drill-and-blast method, characterized in that, The device includes an air curtain dust suppression device (2), a spray dust suppression device (3), a dust detection device (2.3), and a control device. The control device is connected to the dust detection device (2.3), the air curtain dust suppression device (2), and the spray dust suppression device (3). The air curtain dust suppression device (2) includes an air duct (2.1) and an air curtain mobile vehicle (2.2). The air duct (2.1) is fixed on the air curtain mobile vehicle (2.2). The air duct (2.1) has multiple air outlets spaced apart and is used to connect to an external air inlet pipe. The spray dust suppression device (3) includes a water pipe (3.1) and a spray mobile vehicle (3.2). The water pipe (3.1) is fixed on the spray mobile vehicle (3.2). The water pipe (3.1) has multiple nozzles spaced apart and is used to connect to an external water supply pipe.

2. A dust suppression system for a drill and blast tunnel in a people- dense area according to claim 1, characterised in that, Both the air duct (2.1) and the water duct (3.1) are arc-shaped, which matches the shape of the tunnel's arch surface.

3. A dust suppression system for a drill and blast tunnel in a people- dense area according to claim 2, characterised in that, The number of air curtain mobile vehicles (2.2) is two, and the two air curtain mobile vehicles (2.2) are respectively fixed to both ends of the air duct (2.1).

4. A dust suppression system for drill and blast tunneling in a people- dense area according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of spray mobile vehicles (3.2) is two, and the two spray mobile vehicles (3.2) are respectively fixed to both ends of the water pipe (3.1).

5. A dust suppression system for a drill and blast tunnel in a people- dense area according to claim 1, characterised in that, The number of the air curtain dust-proof device (2) is at least two, and the at least two air curtain dust-proof devices (2) are respectively located at both ends of the dust-reducing area.

6. A dust suppression system for a drill and blast tunnel in a people- dense area according to claim 5, characterised in that, The number of the spray dust suppression device (3) is at least two, and at least two of the spray dust suppression devices (3) are arranged at intervals between at least two of the air curtain dust suppression devices (2).

7. A dust suppression system for a drill and blast tunnel in a people- dense area according to claim 5, characterised in that, The dust detection device (2.3) is installed on the air duct (2.1) of the air curtain dust isolation device (2) near the tunnel face (1).

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