Sample pre-treatment device

Abstract

The utility model relates to sample processing technical field discloses a kind of sample pretreatment devices, comprising: sample unit, including pour sample mechanism and / or tray type sample mechanism and / or frame type sample mechanism;Cover opening unit, including fixed clamp jaw and sample tube cap pull cap mechanism, sample tube cap pull cap mechanism is used to carry out sample tube pull cap;Buffer scheduling unit, for buffering and scheduling sample holder of placing sample tube;Gripper unit is used to transport, dispatch sample tube between sample unit, cover opening unit and buffer scheduling unit. Sample pretreatment device can handle sample tube according to work flow, reduce the artificial participation degree of sample pretreatment link, improve sample pretreatment efficiency, simplify structure, further reduce the device volume.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of sample processing technology, specifically to a sample preprocessing device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, many diseases in clinical practice rely on in vitro diagnostic equipment. In routine biochemical and immunological testing, biochemical analyzers can perform the analysis of samples. Before analyzing samples with a biochemical analyzer, sample pretreatment is required. Sample pretreatment is the most basic step in the entire testing process. Existing sample pretreatment methods cannot meet the ever-increasing demand and testing efficiency, which also affects the efficiency of the immunoassay process.

[0003] Current sample pretreatment technology still relies on manual labor. Hospital staff manually collect blood and then perform sample pretreatment, which is a massive undertaking, typically processing hundreds or thousands of blood collection tubes daily. Manually identifying, classifying, and centrifuging these tubes incurs enormous manpower and time costs, and also carries a series of operational risks. Furthermore, the various devices used for sample pretreatment are not highly integrated, increasing their space requirements. The need for staff to transfer blood collection tubes between devices further increases pretreatment time, leading to low efficiency. Therefore, those skilled in the art urgently need a new sample pretreatment device that can replace traditional manual methods while also increasing efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a sample pretreatment device to solve the problems that conventional sample pretreatment work requires manual completion, which consumes a lot of manpower and time costs, has low processing efficiency, and the various devices used for sample pretreatment are not highly integrated, which increases the space occupied.

[0005] This utility model provides a sample pretreatment device, comprising: The sample loading unit includes a tilting sample loading mechanism and / or a tray sample loading mechanism and / or a rack sample loading mechanism; The cap-opening unit includes a fixing gripper and a sample tube cap removal mechanism, wherein the sample tube cap removal mechanism is used to remove the sample tube cap. A cache scheduling unit is used to cache and schedule the sample rack where the sample tubes are placed; The gripper unit is used to transfer and schedule sample tubes between the sample loading unit, the capping unit, and the buffer scheduling unit.

[0006] Beneficial Effects: The sample pretreatment device provided by this utility model can be used to interface with an analyzer to handle sample pretreatment. In use, operators can place the sample tubes to be processed into the loading unit, which completes the loading process. The loading unit includes a tilting loading mechanism and / or a tray-type loading mechanism and / or a rack-type loading mechanism, enabling both ordered and unordered loading. During operation, the gripper unit can transfer and schedule sample tubes between the loading unit, the capping unit, and the buffer scheduling unit according to the workflow. Each of these units has the functions of loading, capping, buffering, and scheduling sample tubes.

[0007] The sample pretreatment device provided by this utility model can process sample tubes according to the workflow. The staff only needs to place the sample tubes in the sample loading unit, which reduces the degree of manual intervention in the sample pretreatment process, saves manpower and time costs, improves sample pretreatment efficiency, and improves safety. Moreover, the high degree of integration of each unit can reduce the size and space occupied. The scheduling and transfer are completed through a single gripper unit, which omits the complex scheduling track setting, simplifies the structure, reduces the system complexity, and further reduces the size of the device.

[0008] In one alternative implementation, it further includes: The capping unit, located near the rack-type sample loading mechanism, is used to load the caps onto the sample tubes. The gripper unit is used to transfer the sample tube caps from the capping unit to the buffer scheduling unit for plugging the sample tubes.

[0009] Beneficial effects: The capping unit can provide new sample tube caps, allowing the gripper unit to transfer them to the buffer scheduling unit for plugging, according to the workflow. This structure automates the loading of new tube caps and the plugging of sample tubes, further improving integration and thus increasing sample pretreatment efficiency.

[0010] In one alternative implementation, it further includes: Centrifugation unit, used for centrifuging samples in sample tubes; and / or, The sample loading unit and capping unit are located in the front region, the centrifugation unit and buffer scheduling unit are located in the rear region opposite to the front region, and the cap opening unit is located in the middle region between the front and rear regions; and / or, The gripper unit is driven to move in three dimensions along the X, Y, and Z directions in the front, middle, and rear regions to transfer the sample tube.

[0011] Beneficial effects: Placing the sample loading unit and capping unit in the front area facilitates the placement of sample tubes in the loading unit and the capping unit by staff according to the workflow. Positioning the centrifugation unit and buffer scheduling unit in the rear area opposite the front area, and the capping unit in the central area between the front and rear areas, avoids staff contact with the automated centrifugation unit, buffer scheduling unit, quality control unit, and capping unit. This improves safety and prevents uncontrollable factors from interfering with the automated processing flow. Furthermore, placing the quality control unit and capping unit in the central area optimizes the scheduling path of the gripper unit between units, achieving transfer scheduling of different processes through shorter paths and saving time.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the capping unit includes: a sample loading mechanism and a cap removal position, wherein the sample loading mechanism is used to transport the sample tube cap to the cap removal position; and the gripper unit is driven to transfer the sample tube cap from the cap removal position to the corresponding sample tube on the sample rack.

[0013] In one alternative embodiment, the centrifugation unit includes a centrifuge, centrifuge adapters, and a balancing pipe placement area, wherein the balancing pipe placement area and a plurality of centrifuge adapters are arranged around the operating port of the centrifuge.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The centrifuge is used to centrifuge sample tubes, and the centrifuge adapter is used to place the sample tubes. The sample tubes must be placed on the centrifuge adapter before they can be centrifuged. Each centrifuge adapter can hold several sample tubes. The balancing tube placement area can balance the sample tubes to ensure the stability of the centrifuge operation. Setting up multiple centrifuge adapters and balancing tube placement areas around the centrifuge can optimize the spatial layout, making the structure more compact and optimizing the scheduling path so that the sample tube scheduling and transfer path is the shortest or optimal distance, thereby improving centrifugation efficiency.

[0015] In one alternative embodiment, the centrifuge's operating port is also used to buffer at least one of the centrifuge adapters.

[0016] In one alternative implementation, it further includes: The quality control unit includes a quality control refrigerator, a quality control retemperature zone, and a quality control mixing mechanism; and / or, The capping unit includes a detection camera corresponding to the fixed gripper, the detection camera being used to detect the sample tube and / or the sample quality inside the sample tube; the capping unit also includes a sample tube cap removal mechanism, the sample tube cap removal mechanism being used to remove the cap from the sample tube; and / or, The buffer scheduling unit includes a buffer area and a scheduling device, the scheduling device being used to transfer the sample rack that holds the sample tubes between the buffer area and the analyzer or transport track.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The quality control refrigerator can store and refrigerate quality control samples; the quality control rewarming zone allows quality control sample tubes from the refrigerator to rewarm; and the quality control mixing mechanism can mix the rewarmed quality control sample tubes, ensuring uniform distribution of various components within the tubes. The capping unit's clamping jaws can hold single or multiple sample tubes and / or quality control sample tubes, facilitating the detection camera's inspection of sample quality and / or sample balance. The detection camera can also identify whether a sample tube has a cap. If a cap is present, a cap removal mechanism can remove it, after which the gripper unit can transfer the sample tube to the sample rack in the buffer scheduling unit. The buffer area of ​​the buffer scheduling unit can be used to buffer sample tubes and for scanning and identifying sample tubes and / or sample racks. The buffer area contains multiple sample racks. The gripper unit transfers pre-processed sample tubes to their corresponding racks, and the scheduling device can then transfer the racks with placed sample tubes to the track docked with the analyzer, and / or transfer racks that have completed analysis and testing by the analyzer to the buffer area. The buffer area can cache the sample tubes that have been preprocessed, allowing each unit of the preprocessing to continue processing the unprocessed sample tubes according to the workflow, thus improving the processing effect. The scheduling device can efficiently transfer the sample rack between the preprocessing unit and the analyzer, further improving the processing efficiency.

[0018] In one optional embodiment, the tilting sample loading mechanism includes: The hopper has an opening at the bottom; The caching mechanism includes the sample bit; The first feeding mechanism includes a first lifting structure and a first slide rail. The first lifting structure is used to drive the first slide rail through the opening and move along the height direction. The second feeding mechanism includes a second lifting structure and a second slide. The second lifting structure is used to drive the second slide to move along the height direction between the buffer mechanism and the first slide, so that the second slide is in a receiving state or a feeding state. In the receiving state, the second slide is connected to the first slide. In the feeding state, the second slide is connected to the buffer mechanism. The length of the second slide is greater than the diameter of the sample tube and less than the length of the sample tube.

[0019] In one alternative embodiment, the rack-type sample loading mechanism includes an emergency rack for holding sample tubes containing quality control samples and / or emergency samples.

[0020] In one optional embodiment, the tray-type sample loading mechanism includes: a sample loading area, an abnormal sample area, and a recovery area, wherein the sample loading area is used to place the sample to be tested, the abnormal sample area is used to place abnormal samples, and the recovery area is used to place recovered samples. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the sample pretreatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sample loading unit in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the centrifuge unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the quality control unit and the lid opening unit in an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cache scheduling unit in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the tilting sample loading mechanism provided by this utility model; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the first angle structure showing the cooperative relationship between the first feeding mechanism and the second feeding mechanism provided by this utility model; Figure 8 A second-angle structural diagram illustrating the cooperative relationship between the first and second feeding mechanisms provided by this utility model; Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 10 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 11 A third-angle structural diagram illustrating the cooperative relationship between the first and second feeding mechanisms provided by this utility model; Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 13 A schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the second slide and the hopper provided by this utility model; Figure 14 for Figure 13Enlarged view at point D; Figure 15 A schematic diagram illustrating the cooperative relationship between the second feeding mechanism and the buffer mechanism provided by this utility model; Figure 16 for Figure 15 Enlarged view at point E in the middle; Figure 17 A first-view perspective perspective view of the silo provided for this utility model; Figure 18 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the silo provided by this utility model; Figure 19 A schematic diagram of the first guide slope and opening provided by this utility model; Figure 20 A second-view perspective perspective view of the hopper provided by this utility model; Figure 21 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the cache mechanism provided by this utility model; Figure 22 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the cache mechanism provided by this utility model; Figure 23 A top view of the cache mechanism provided by this utility model; Figure 24 for Figure 23 Enlarged view at point F; Figure 25 A flowchart of the sample preprocessing method provided by this utility model.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Sample loading unit; 100. Tilting sample loading mechanism; 101. Tube loading mechanism; 102. Sample loading position; 103. Tray-type sample loading mechanism; 104. Drawer bracket; 105. Sample box; 106. Rack-type sample loading mechanism; 107. Emergency rack; 108. Tube cap disposal position; 109. Fixed sample box; 11. Hopper; 1101. Opening; 1102. Screening tank; 1103. First plate; 1104. Second plate; 1105. Third plate; 1106. Fourth plate; 1107. Collection device; 111. First guide slope; 1111. First slope; 1112. Second slope; 1113. First vertical surface; 112. Second guide slope 1121. Third inclined plane; 1122. Fourth inclined plane; 1123. Third elevation; 1131. Third guide inclined plane; 1132. Fourth elevation; 1133. Feed chute; 1134. First feed inlet; 114. Second elevation; 1151. First connecting part; 1152. Second connecting part; 12. Buffer mechanism; 1200. Base plate; 1201. Housing; 1202. Sample tray; 1203. First side plate; 1204. Second side plate; 1205. Buffer slide; 1206. Connecting block; 1207. First baffle; 1208. Second baffle; 1209. First extension; 1210. Second extension; 1211. Third baffle ; 1212, Detection port; 1213, First detection optocoupler; 1214, Second detection optocoupler; 1215, Drive shaft; 1216, Third drive motor; 1217, Third drive wheel; 1218, Third driven wheel; 1219, Third synchronous belt; 1220, Guide cylinder; 1221, First bearing; 1222, Second bearing; 1223, Connecting part; 1224, Sampling encoder; 1225, Sensor; 1226, Connecting plate; 1230, Second feed port; 1231, Buffer position; 1232, Fixing plate; 124, Second baffle plate; 13, First feeding mechanism; 1301, First support; 1302, First slide rail; 130 3. First slider; 1304. First drive wheel; 1305. First driven wheel; 1306. First synchronous belt; 1307. First drive motor; 14. First slide rail; 1401. First slide plate; 1402. Second slide plate; 15. Second feeding mechanism; 1501. Second support; 1502. Second slide rail; 1503. Second slider; 1504. Second drive wheel; 1505. Second driven wheel; 1506. Second synchronous belt; 1507. Second drive motor; 16. Second slide rail; 1601. Third slide plate; 1602. Fourth slide plate; 1603. First baffle; 1604. First side baffle; 1605. Second side baffle; 2. Centrifuge unit; 21. Centrifuge; 22. Centrifuge adapter; 23. Tiling tubing placement area; 3. Quality control unit; 31. Quality control refrigerator; 32. Quality control rewarming zone; 33. Quality control mixing mechanism; 4. Opening unit; 41. Fixing gripper; 42. Detection camera; 5. Buffer scheduling unit; 51. Buffer area; 511. Buffer rack; 52. Scheduling device; 531. Regular track; 532. Emergency track; 533. Return track; 6. Grasp unit; 7. Capping unit; 71. Capping mechanism; 72. Cap removal position. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0025] The following is combined Figures 1 to 5 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] According to an embodiment of this utility model, a sample pretreatment device is provided, comprising: a sample loading unit 1, a cap opening unit 4, a buffer scheduling unit 5, and a gripper unit 6. The sample loading unit 1 includes a tilting sample loading mechanism 100 and / or a tray-type sample loading mechanism 103 and / or a rack-type sample loading mechanism 106; the cap opening unit 4 includes a fixing gripper 41 and a sample tube cap removal mechanism, the sample tube cap removal mechanism being used to remove the caps from the sample tubes; the buffer scheduling unit 5 is used to buffer and schedule the placement of the sample tubes; the gripper unit 6 is used to transfer and schedule the sample tubes between the sample loading unit 1, the cap opening unit 4, and the buffer scheduling unit 5.

[0027] The sample pretreatment device can be used to interface with the analyzer to handle sample pretreatment. In use, staff can place sample tubes into the loading unit 1 for loading. The loading unit 1 can perform both ordered and unordered loading; that is, users can use the tilting loading mechanism 100 for tilting sample tube loading, the tray loading mechanism 103 for ordered sample tube loading, and the rack loading mechanism 106 for loading calibration samples, quality control samples, and emergency samples. During operation, the gripper unit 6 can transfer and schedule sample tubes between the loading unit 1, the capping unit 4's fixed gripper 41, and the buffer scheduling unit 5 according to the workflow. The fixed gripper 41 is used to hold the sample tubes. Each of these units has the functions of loading, capping, buffering, and scheduling sample tubes.

[0028] The sample pretreatment device can process sample tubes according to the workflow. Staff only need to place the sample tubes in the sample loading unit 1, which reduces the degree of manual intervention in the sample pretreatment process, saves manpower and time costs, improves sample pretreatment efficiency, and enhances safety. Moreover, the high degree of integration of each unit can reduce the size and space occupied. The scheduling and transfer are completed through a single gripper unit 6, which eliminates the complex scheduling track settings, simplifies the structure, reduces system complexity, and further reduces the size of the device.

[0029] In one embodiment, the capping unit 4 includes a detection camera 42 corresponding to the fixing gripper 41. The fixing gripper 41 of the capping unit 4 can hold one or more sample tubes and / or quality control sample tubes, so that the detection camera 42 can detect the sample quality and / or sample balance. The detection camera 42 can also be used to identify whether the sample tube has a cap. If the sample tube has a cap, the cap removal mechanism can remove the cap from the sample tube, and then the gripper unit 6 can transfer the sample tube to the sample rack of the buffer scheduling unit.

[0030] In a specific embodiment, the fixing claw 41 may include multiple clamping positions, each of which can hold a sample tube and / or a quality control sample tube.

[0031] In one embodiment, the sample pretreatment apparatus further includes a capping unit 7. The capping unit 7 is used to load sample tube caps, and the gripper unit 6 is used to transfer the sample tube caps from the capping unit 7 to the capping unit 4. The capping unit 7 can provide new sample tube caps, and the gripper unit 6 can transfer the new sample tube caps to the buffer scheduling unit 5 according to the workflow and cap them onto the sample tubes.

[0032] In a specific implementation, the capping unit 7 includes a capping mechanism 71 and a cap removal position 72. The cap removal position 72 is used to buffer sample tube caps. When a new sample tube cap needs to be added, the gripper unit 6 can transfer the sample tube cap from the cap removal position 72 to the sample tube on the sample rack, completing the capping operation. When the number of sample tube caps at the cap removal position 72 is insufficient, the capping mechanism 71 can transport the sample tube caps to the cap removal position 72, completing the sample tube cap replenishment. In an optional implementation, the capping unit 7 also includes a hopper. The capping mechanism 71 is used to orderly feed a large number of disordered sample tube caps from the hopper to the cap removal position 72, facilitating subsequent cap removal. In an optional implementation, the capping mechanism 71 may include a feeding pusher assembly, which pushes the sample tube caps to achieve orderly feeding.

[0033] In one embodiment, the sample pretreatment device further includes a quality control unit 3. The quality control unit 3 is used to perform refrigerated storage, rewarming, and mixing of the quality control samples.

[0034] In a specific implementation, the quality control unit 3 includes a quality control refrigerator 31, a quality control rewarming zone 32, and a quality control mixing mechanism 33. The quality control refrigerator 31 can store and refrigerate sample tubes containing quality control samples, the quality control rewarming zone 32 can rewarm the sample tubes from the quality control refrigerator 31, and the quality control mixing mechanism 33 can mix the rewarmed sample tubes to ensure that the various components of the quality control samples are evenly distributed.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the quality control mixing mechanism 33 can be any one or more of ultrasonic mixing, deflection rotation, and oscillation.

[0036] The above structure can automatically complete the feeding of new tube caps, quality control, and the removal and plugging of sample tube caps, further improving the level of integration and thus improving the efficiency of sample pretreatment.

[0037] In one embodiment, the sample pretreatment device further includes a cap disposal station 108. The cap disposal station 108 is used to collect discarded caps, and the gripper unit 6 is used to transfer the discarded caps to the cap disposal station 108. The cap disposal station 108 can be used to process discarded caps. If the original sample cap is not needed for the sample tube, the removed sample cap can be used as a discarded cap. The gripper unit 6 can transfer the discarded cap and place it in the cap disposal station 108 for subsequent centralized processing.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, the pipe cap disposal station 108 includes a cap inlet and a disposal chute. The disposal chute is connected to the cap inlet, and the gripper unit 6 can place the discarded pipe cap into the cap inlet. The discarded pipe cap moves from the disposal chute to the corresponding collection position. Optionally, in a specific embodiment, the pipe cap disposal station 108 also includes a collection container connected downstream of the disposal chute for collecting discarded pipe caps for subsequent centralized processing.

[0039] In one embodiment, the sample loading unit 1, the capping unit 7, and the cap discarding position 108 are located in the front region, the centrifugation unit 2 and the buffer scheduling unit 5 are located in the rear region opposite to the front region, and the quality control unit 3 and the cap opening unit 4 are located in the middle region between the front region and the rear region.

[0040] The front, rear, and central regions are defined based on the distance between each unit and the manual operation position. The position closer to the manual operation position is defined as the front region, the position further away from the manual operation position is defined as the rear region, and the region in between is defined as the central region. Figure 1The bidirectional arrows schematically indicate the front and rear sides. Placing the sample loading unit 1, capping unit 7, and cap disposal station 108 in the front area facilitates the placement of sample tubes in the sample loading unit 1, the placement of sample tube caps in the capping unit 7, and the removal of discarded caps from the cap disposal station 108, according to the workflow. Placing the centrifugation unit 2 and buffer scheduling unit 5 in the rear area opposite the front area, and the quality control unit 3 and cap opening unit 4 in the middle area between the front and rear areas, avoids personnel contact with the automated centrifugation unit 2, buffer scheduling unit 5, quality control unit 3, and cap opening unit 4. This improves safety and prevents uncontrollable factors from interfering with the automated processing flow. Furthermore, placing the quality control unit 3 and cap opening unit 4 optimizes the scheduling path of the gripper unit 6 between units, achieving transfer scheduling of different processes through shorter paths, saving time.

[0041] In one embodiment, the gripper unit 6 is driven to move in three dimensions along the X, Y, and Z directions in the front, middle, and rear regions to transfer the sample tube and / or quality control sample tube, and to open and close the caps of the sample tube and / or quality control sample tube.

[0042] In a specific implementation, the gripper unit 6 is mounted on the moving mechanism, which can drive the gripper unit 6 to perform three-dimensional motion along the X, Y and Z directions.

[0043] In a specific implementation, the gripper unit 6 is used to hold the sample tube and to hold the cap of the sample tube and unscrew or put on the cap.

[0044] In one embodiment, the tilting sample loading mechanism 100, the tray sample loading mechanism 103, and the rack sample loading mechanism 106 are arranged sequentially in the front area. Arranging these three sample loading mechanisms in sequence makes it easier for staff to select the corresponding sample loading method.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, the tilting sample loading mechanism 100 includes a tube loading mechanism 101 and a sample loading position 102. The sample loading position 102 is used to buffer sample tubes. After the gripper unit 6 removes the sample tube from the sample loading position 102, the tube loading mechanism 101 can transport the sample tube to the sample loading position 102 for the next sample tube grabbing. Optionally, in a specific embodiment, the tilting sample loading mechanism 100 may include a sample tube hopper. The tube loading mechanism 101 is connected between the sample loading position 102 and the sample tube hopper. The operator can tilt the sample tube into the sample tube hopper, and the tube loading mechanism 101 transports the sample tube in the sample tube hopper to the sample loading position 102 according to the workflow.

[0046] See Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 11In a specific implementation, the tilting sample loading mechanism 100 includes: The hopper 11 has an opening 1101 at the bottom; Cache mechanism 12, including sample bit 102; The first feeding mechanism 13 includes a first lifting structure and a first slide rail 14. The first lifting structure is used to drive the first slide rail 14 through the opening 1101 and move along the height direction. The second feeding mechanism 15 includes a second lifting structure and a second slide 16. The second lifting structure is used to drive the second slide 16 to move along the height direction between the buffer mechanism 12 and the first slide 14, so that the second slide 16 is in a receiving state or a feeding state. In the receiving state, the second slide 16 is connected to the first slide 14. In the feeding state, the second slide 16 is connected to the buffer mechanism 12. The length of the second slide 16 is greater than the diameter of the sample tube and less than the length of the sample tube.

[0047] In this utility model, the first feeding mechanism 13 and the second feeding mechanism 15 can cooperate to transfer multiple sample tubes that are randomly fed into the hopper 11 to the buffer mechanism 12 in the correct posture. Specifically, when the first slide 14 is located at the opening 1101 of the hopper 11 under the drive of the first lifting structure, the first slide 14 can receive the sample tubes in the hopper 11. Multiple sample tubes enter the first slide 14 and are arranged in an orderly manner along the length of the first slide 14. When feeding is required, the first slide 14 can move under the drive of the first lifting structure to dock with the second slide 16. In the receiving state, multiple sample tubes on the first slide 14 can slide sequentially onto the second slide 16. Since the length of the second slide 16 is greater than the diameter of the sample tube but less than its length, vertical sample tubes can remain in the second slide 16, while horizontal sample tubes extend out of the second slide 16. Under the influence of gravity, the horizontal sample tubes will tilt and fall into the hopper 11, thereby filtering out sample tubes with misaligned postures. This ensures that in the feeding state, all sample tubes in the second slide 16 slide vertically into the buffer mechanism 12.

[0048] Compared to traditional feeding structures, the coordinated operation of the first feeding mechanism 13 and the second feeding mechanism 15 ensures that the sample tubes are in a vertical position, facilitating subsequent gripping. The buffer mechanism 12 can easily connect with the grippers used to grasp sample tubes in automated in vitro diagnostic equipment, adapting to various different automated in vitro diagnostic equipment and improving the applicability of the tilting sample feeding mechanism 100. Furthermore, with the coordinated operation of the first feeding mechanism 13 and the second feeding mechanism 15, the feeding of the buffer mechanism 12 and the receiving of sample tubes in the receiving bin 11 can be performed simultaneously, effectively shortening the feeding cycle compared to a single pusher plate feeding method.

[0049] Therefore, through the coordinated operation of the hopper 11, the first feeding mechanism 13, the second feeding mechanism 15 and the buffer mechanism 12, the sample tubes can be continuously fed in an orderly and correct manner, thus improving the feeding efficiency.

[0050] Understandably, after the second slide 16 and the first slide 14 are docked, during the process of the second slide 16 rising to dock with the buffer mechanism 12, if the number of sample tubes on the first slide 14 meets the preset requirements, the first slide 14 can remain in its original position, waiting for the next docking with the second slide 16. If there are no sample tubes on the first slide 14 or the number of sample tubes does not meet the preset requirements, the first slide 14 can descend to the opening 1101 at the bottom of the hopper 11 to receive sample tubes. That is, the feeding operation of the second slide 16 and the receiving operation of the first slide 14 can be carried out independently. The preset requirements can be that the number of sample tubes on the first slide 14 is equal to or greater than the number of sample tubes that the second slide 16 can accommodate.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, the first slide rail 14 has a first low position and a second high position under the drive of the first lifting mechanism. In the first low position, the top surface of the first slide rail 14 is flush with the opening 1101 at the bottom of the hopper 11. The second slide rail 16 has a second low position and a second high position under the drive of the second lifting mechanism. The first high position is higher than the second low position. In the receiving state, the second slide 16 is located at the second low position, and the first slide 14 is located at the first high position; in the loading state, the second slide 16 is located at the second high position.

[0052] When the first slide 14 is in the first low position, its top surface is flush with the opening 1101 at the bottom of the hopper 11, ensuring that all sample tubes in the hopper 11 are screened, thus avoiding missed tubes and missed inspections. In the receiving state, because the first high position is higher than the second low position, the sample tubes in the first slide 14 can smoothly slide into the second slide 16.

[0053] This configuration allows the sample tubes in the hopper 11 to pass through the hopper 11, the first slide 14, and the second slide 16 in sequence until they enter the buffer mechanism 12, and until all sample tubes are screened.

[0054] See Figure 9 , Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view at point A. In a preferred embodiment, the top surfaces of both the first slide 14 and the second slide 16 are inclined surfaces. This arrangement facilitates the sliding of the sample tube along the top surfaces of the first slide 14 and the second slide 16 using its own weight as a power source.

[0055] See Figure 11 and Figure 12 , Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged view at point C. In a preferred embodiment, the first slide 14 consists of identical first slide plate 1401 and second slide plate 1402, with a gap between them larger than the diameter of the sample tube. The top surfaces of the first slide plate 1401 and the second slide plate 1402 are sloped to allow the sample tube to slide by overlapping lugs or caps provided on the sidewalls.

[0056] The second slide 16 consists of identical third slide plate 1601 and fourth slide plate 1602, with a gap between them larger than the diameter of the sample tube. The top surfaces of the third slide plate 1601 and fourth slide plate 1602 are inclined to allow the sample tube to slide by means of lugs or caps provided on the sidewalls.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the length of the first slide plate 1401 and the second slide plate 1402 is greater than the length of the second slide plate 1402, such that the number of sample tubes that the first slide 14 can accommodate is sufficient for the second slide 16 to complete at least two loading operations. When the second slide 16 is configured to accommodate at least three sample tubes, the first slide 14 can be configured to accommodate at least six sample tubes.

[0058] See Figure 7 , Figure 13 and Figure 15 , Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing the structural relationship between the second chute 16 and the hopper 11. Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperative relationship between the second feeding mechanism 15 and the buffer mechanism 12. In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the second slide 16 is provided with a first baffle plate 1603 extending in the height direction, and the gap between the opening 1101 of the first slide 14 facing the second slide 16 and the first baffle plate 1603 is smaller than the diameter of the sample tube; The buffer mechanism 12 is provided with a second baffle plate 124 extending in the height direction, and the gap between the opening 1101 of the second slide 16 facing the buffer mechanism 12 and the second baffle plate 124 is smaller than the diameter of the sample tube.

[0059] Before the second slide 16 connects with the first slide 14, the first baffle 1603 acts as a stop for the sample tube on the first slide 14, preventing the sample tube from rushing out of the opening 1101 of the first slide 14. Before the second slide 16 connects with the buffer mechanism 12, the second baffle 124 acts as a stop for the sample tube on the second slide 16, preventing the sample tube from rushing out of the opening 1101 of the second slide 16.

[0060] See Figure 13 and Figure 14 , Figure 14 for Figure 13 In the enlarged view at point D, in a preferred embodiment, one of the inner walls of the hopper 11 is a vertical wall, the opening 1101 is located close to the vertical wall, and the vertical wall has a mating interface that is aligned with the opening 1101 in the height direction. In the receiving state, the second slide 16 extends into the mating interface, and the opening 1101 of the second slide 16 facing the first slide 14 is flush with the vertical wall.

[0061] Before the first slide 14 reaches its lowest position or moves to the docking interface, the vertical wall of the hopper 11 acts as a barrier against the sample tubes in the first slide 14, preventing them from rushing out of the opening 1101 of the first slide 14. Before the first slide 14 rises to the docking interface and connects with the second slide 16, the first baffle plate 1603 can take over the function of the vertical wall in blocking the sample tubes on the first slide 14. The second slide 16 extends into the docking interface, and the opening 1101 of the second slide 16 facing the first slide 14 is flush with the vertical wall. This facilitates docking with the first slide 14 and also allows sample tubes in incorrect positions to fall into the hopper 11.

[0062] See Figure 9 The second slide 16 has a first side baffle 1604 and a second side baffle 1605 respectively provided on its two opposite outer surfaces. The first side baffle 1604 and the second side baffle 1605 can prevent sample tubes with incorrect posture from rushing out from the side of the second slide 16, so as to ensure that sample tubes with incorrect posture can re-enter the hopper 11.

[0063] See Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 10 , Figure 10 for Figure 8In a preferred embodiment, as shown in the enlarged view at point B, the first lifting structure includes: The first support 1301 is located at the bottom of the hopper 11; The first slide rail 1302 is disposed on the first support 1301 and extends along the height direction; The first slider 1303 is slidably engaged with the first slide rail 1302, and the first slide 14 is mounted on the first slider 1303; The first driving structure is mounted on the first support 1301 and is connected to the first slider 1303 in a transmission manner.

[0064] The first support 1301 is used to support the first slide rail 1302, the first slider 1303 and the first drive structure. The first drive structure drives the first slide 14 to rise or fall through the guidance of the slide rail and slider. It occupies less space, has lower cost and higher reliability.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, the first driving structure includes a first driving wheel 1304, a first driven wheel 1305, a first synchronous belt 1306, and a first driving motor 1307. The first driving wheel 1304 and the first driven wheel 1305 are arranged along the height direction of the first support 1301. The first synchronous belt 1306 is connected to the first driving wheel 1304 and the first driven wheel 1305. The first slider 1303 is fixedly connected to the first synchronous belt 1306. The first driving motor 1307 is mounted on the first support 1301, and the output shaft of the first driving motor 1307 is coaxially fixedly connected to the first driving wheel 1304. The first driving motor 1307 drives the first slider 1303 to move up and down along the first slide rail 1302 via the first driving wheel 1304, the first synchronous belt 1306, and the first driven wheel 1305.

[0066] See Figure 15 and Figure 16 In a preferred embodiment, the second lifting structure includes: The second support 1501 is disposed on the cache mechanism 12; The second slide rail 1502 is disposed on the second support 1501 and extends along the height direction; The second slider 1503 is slidably engaged with the second slide rail 1502, and the second slide 16 is disposed on the second slider 1503; The second drive structure is mounted on the second support 1501 and is connected to the second slider 1503 in a transmission manner.

[0067] The second support 1501 is used to support the second slide rail 1502, the second slider 1503 and the second drive structure. The second drive structure drives the second slide 16 to rise or fall through the guide cooperation of the slide rail and slider. It occupies less space, has lower cost and higher reliability.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment, the second drive structure includes a second drive wheel 1504, a second driven wheel 1505, a second synchronous belt 1506, and a second drive motor 1507. The second drive wheel 1504 and the second driven wheel 1505 are arranged along the height direction of the second support 1501. The second synchronous belt 1506 is connected to the second drive wheel 1504 and the second driven wheel 1505. The second slider 1503 is fixedly connected to the second synchronous belt 1506. The second drive motor 1507 is mounted on the second support 1501, and the output shaft of the second drive motor 1507 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the second drive wheel 1504. The second drive motor 1507 drives the second slider 1503 to move up and down along the second slide rail 1502 via the second drive wheel 1504, the second synchronous belt 1506, and the second driven wheel 1505.

[0069] See Figure 17 and Figure 18 , Figure 17 This diagram shows a three-dimensional structural schematic of the silo 11 in this embodiment. Figure 18 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the hopper 11 is shown. In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the hopper 11 has an opening 1101 and a first guide slope 111 connected to one side of the opening 1101. The first guide slope 111 is inclined, and a first slope 1111 and a second slope 1112 are sequentially arranged along the conveying path of the sample tube. The inclination angle of the second slope 1112 relative to the horizontal plane is greater than the inclination angle of the first slope 1111 relative to the horizontal plane. The screening groove 1102 is connected to the opening 1101. When the first slide 14 is in the first low position, the first slide 14 is in contact with the screening groove 1102, and the top surface of the first slide 14 is flush with the opening 1101.

[0070] The above structure allows the sample tube to slide along the first guide slope 111 to the opening 1101 after entering the hopper 11, and then enter the screening tank 1102, and then fall into the first slide 14. Specifically, the sample tubes move along the first inclined plane 1111 under their own gravity, then move to the second inclined plane 1112, and finally enter the screening tank 1102 through the opening 1101. Since the inclination angle of the second inclined plane 1112 is greater than that of the first inclined plane 1111, and the second inclined plane 1112 is closer to the opening 1101, the sample tubes move relatively slowly on the first inclined plane 1111 and relatively quickly on the second inclined plane 1112. Therefore, a large number of sample tubes can slide down slowly on the first inclined plane 1111, and when the sample tubes enter the second inclined plane 1112, they can slide quickly to the opening 1101, avoiding the accumulation of sample tubes on the second inclined plane 1112 and also avoiding the accumulation of sample tubes at the opening 1101. This allows the sample tubes to be collected more effectively into the opening 1101, thus facilitating the complete screening of the sample tubes.

[0071] Compared to the traditional hopper 11, it overcomes the problem of sample tubes not being able to be screened cleanly, and saves costs compared to adding a power mechanism for auxiliary screening.

[0072] Of course, when the sample tubes are stored in the hopper 11, the sample tubes can remain on the first inclined surface 1111 and the second inclined surface 1112. After the sample tubes in the screening tank 1102 are transferred, following the steps described above, the sample tubes on the second inclined surface 1112 quickly enter the collection tank through the opening 1101, and the sample tubes on the first inclined surface 1111 move towards the second inclined surface 1112 to ensure the continuity of the screening work.

[0073] See Figure 19 In a preferred embodiment, the opening 1101 is rectangular in shape, and the cross-sectional shape of the screening groove 1102 is also rectangular, matching the shape of the opening 1101. The length of the opening 1101 is greater than the diameter of the sample tube, and the width of the opening 1101 is greater than the diameter of the sample tube but less than twice the diameter of the sample tube. This avoids two sample tubes being arranged along the width of the opening 1101. For example, if the diameter of a commonly used sample tube is 13 mm, the width of the opening 1101 is greater than 13 mm but less than 26 mm. In specific implementations, the number of sample tubes entering the screening groove 1102 can be limited by changing the length and width of the opening 1101. For example, one sample tube can be allowed to enter the opening 1101, or two, three, four, five, or even more sample tubes can be allowed, depending on the actual situation. It is understood that when more than two sample tubes are allowed to enter the opening 1101, the sample tubes are arranged along the length of the opening 1101.

[0074] Furthermore, the first guide bevel 111 can be connected to one side of the opening 1101 along its length, so that the sample tube can stably and efficiently enter the opening 1101 with the cooperation of the first bevel 1111 and the second bevel 1112. In another optional embodiment, the first guide bevel 111 can also be connected to one side of the opening 1101 along its width.

[0075] In a preferred embodiment, the hopper 11 further includes a second guide slope 112, which is disposed opposite to the first guide slope 111 and connected to the other side of the opening 1101. The second guide slope 112 is provided with a third slope 1121 and a fourth slope 1122 in sequence along the conveying path of the sample tube. The inclination angle of the fourth slope 1122 relative to the horizontal plane is greater than the inclination angle of the third slope 1121 relative to the horizontal plane.

[0076] The second guide slope 112 has the same function as the first guide slope 111. The sample tube can slide down slowly on the third slope 1121 and slide quickly to the opening 1101 on the fourth slope 1122. The setting of the second guide slope 112 increases the storage and delivery capacity of the sample tube, thereby improving the screening efficiency.

[0077] In a preferred embodiment, the first guide slope 111 is connected to one side of the opening 1101 along its length, and the second guide slope 112 is connected to the other side of the opening 1101 along its length. That is, the second slope 1112 is connected to one side of the opening 1101 along its length, and the fourth slope 1122 is connected to the other side of the opening 1101 along its length. With this configuration, both the first guide slope 111 and the second guide slope 112 can support the sample tube and guide its movement, greatly increasing the storage capacity of the hopper 11.

[0078] In a preferred embodiment, the inclination angles of the first inclined plane 1111, the second inclined plane 1112, the third inclined plane 1121, and the fourth inclined plane 1122 are greater than or equal to 25°. This arrangement ensures that the sample tube can slide entirely under its own weight along the first inclined plane 1111, the second inclined plane 1112, the third inclined plane 1121, and the fourth inclined plane 1122, preventing the sample tube from stalling on any of the inclined planes due to insufficient power. It is understood that the angle between the first inclined plane 1111 and the third inclined plane 1121 and the horizontal plane is at least 25°, and the angle between the second inclined plane 1112 and the fourth inclined plane 1122 and the horizontal plane is greater than 25°. This ensures that the sample tube can change its speed and direction of movement along the first guide inclined plane 111 or the second guide inclined plane 112, allowing the sample tube to stably and efficiently enter the screening tank 1102 through the opening 1101.

[0079] See Figure 15 , Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the first guide slope 111 and the opening 1101 is shown. In a preferred embodiment, the opening 1101 and the screening groove 1102 are inclined. This arrangement allows the sample tube to slide down along the inclined direction after entering the opening 1101 and the screening groove 1102, resulting in multiple sample tubes being arranged in an orderly manner and ensuring that subsequent sample tubes can smoothly enter the remaining part of the opening 1101.

[0080] In an alternative implementation, the opening 1101 and the screening groove 1102 may also be arranged parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0081] In a preferred embodiment, the hopper 11 is formed by a first plate 1103, a second plate 1104, a third plate 1105, and a fourth plate 1106, with the opening 1101 formed at the bottom. The first plate 1103 and the third plate 1105 are continuously bent, and the first guide slope 111 and the second guide slope 112 are formed on the inner wall surfaces of the first plate 1103 and the third plate 1105, respectively. The structure is simple and easy to process and manufacture.

[0082] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the hopper 11 is funnel-shaped, and the bottoms of the first plate 1103 and the third plate 1105 are continuously bent toward each other, forming an opening 1101 with the second plate 1104 and the fourth plate 1106.

[0083] Furthermore, the fourth plate 1106 is bent, and the inner wall surface of the fourth plate 1106 forms a third guide slope 1131 connected to the opening 1101. The inclination angle of the third guide slope 1131 is greater than or equal to 25°. The third guide slope 1131 can further increase the sample tube delivery capacity and improve screening efficiency. In this embodiment, the bottoms of the first plate 1103, the third plate 1105, and the fourth plate 1106 are bent in a direction that brings them closer to each other, forming the aforementioned first guide slope 111, second guide slope 112, and third guide slope 1131. All of these guide slopes can be used to store sample tubes and guide the movement of the sample tubes.

[0084] In a preferred embodiment, the first guide slope 111 and the second guide slope 112 are connected to both sides of the opening 1101 in the length direction, the third guide slope 1131 is connected to one side of the opening 1101 in the width direction, and the inner wall surface of the second plate 1104 is connected to the other side of the opening 1101 in the width direction. Thus, the first guide slope 111, the second guide slope 112 and the third guide slope 1131 can be used to guide the movement of the sample tube so that the sample tube can move efficiently to the screening groove 1102.

[0085] In an optional embodiment, the third guide slope 1131 may also be provided with two slopes at different angles, that is, with reference to the arrangement of the first guide slope 111 and the second guide slope 112, so that the third guide slope 1131 can also change the conveying speed and direction of the sample tube, so as to enable the sample tube to enter the screening groove 1102 efficiently.

[0086] In a preferred embodiment, the first plate 1103, the second plate 1104, the third plate 1105, and the fourth plate 1106 can be sheet metal parts, and are connected together by welding to form a hopper 11. Alternatively, the hopper 11 can also be made of plastic or by other molding methods.

[0087] In a preferred embodiment, the roughness of the inner wall surfaces of the first plate 1103, the second plate 1104, the third plate 1105, and the fourth plate 1106 is less than or equal to 0.2 μm.

[0088] This design reduces the kinetic energy attenuation of the sample tube due to sliding friction, ensuring that the sample tube can slide smoothly along the inner walls of the first plate 1103, the second plate 1104, the third plate 1105, and the fourth plate 1106 under its own gravity.

[0089] Specifically, the inner wall surface of the hopper 11 can meet the roughness requirements through processes such as pasting, attaching, or polishing.

[0090] If an adhesive bonding process is chosen, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) film can be used and bonded to the surface of the screening structure using a special adhesive. Taking PTFE film as an example, the surface of the screening structure needs to be cleaned and sanded before bonding to ensure that the surface is free of oil and impurities. Then, an epoxy resin adhesive is applied evenly, the film is bonded flat, and air bubbles are eliminated by rolling and heating curing to ensure a tight bond between the film and the structure surface. This significantly reduces the coefficient of friction of the inner wall of the hopper 11 and reduces the sliding resistance of the sample tube.

[0091] An adhesion process is selected, employing either physical vapor deposition (PVD) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques to deposit a low-roughness coating onto the surface of the screening structure. PVD ionizes metallic or non-metallic targets in a vacuum environment, causing them to deposit on the structure surface to form a dense coating, such as deposited titanium nitride (TiN) coatings. CVD utilizes gaseous reactants undergoing a chemical reaction at high temperatures to grow a uniform coating on the structure surface, such as chemically vapor-deposited diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings. This imparts extremely low roughness and good wear resistance to the inner wall surface of the hopper 11, effectively preventing scratches between the sample tubes and the structure surface, and improving screening efficiency.

[0092] Polishing processes can be selected using methods such as mechanical polishing, electrolytic polishing, or magnetorheological polishing. Mechanical polishing uses a polishing wheel and abrasive paste to grind the surface, gradually reducing microscopic protrusions. Electrolytic polishing utilizes electrochemical principles, preferentially dissolving microscopic protrusions on the structural surface in an electrolyte to achieve a smoothing effect. Magnetorheological polishing uses a flexible polishing pad formed by a magnetic fluid under the action of a magnetic field to achieve high-precision polishing of complex curved surfaces. It is particularly suitable for irregularly shaped screening structures, effectively improving surface smoothness and making the sliding of sample tubes on the structural surface smoother.

[0093] In a preferred embodiment, the first plate 1103, the second plate 1104, the third plate 1105, and the fourth plate 1106 form a retaining surface at one end opposite to the opening 1101. The retaining surface can increase the storage capacity of the sample tubes in the hopper 11.

[0094] Specifically, the first plate 1103 forms a first facade 1113 connected to the first guide slope 111; the inner wall of the second plate 1104 is entirely an upright second facade 114; the third plate 1105 forms a third facade 1123 connected to the second guide slope 112; and the fourth plate 1106 forms a fourth facade 1132 connected to the third guide slope 1131. The first facade 1113, second facade 114, third facade 1123, and fourth facade 1132 all extend along a height direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane and enclose the aforementioned enclosure surface. In an optional embodiment, the first facade 1113, second facade 114, third facade 1123, and fourth facade 1132 may also have a certain angle with the horizontal plane, which can be set according to actual conditions.

[0095] In a preferred embodiment, one of the second plate 1104 and the fourth plate 1106 is provided with a first feed port 1134, and the other is provided with a mating interface. The feeding pipe can enter the hopper 11 through the first feed port 1134, and then slide along the inner wall of the corresponding plate. The mating interface facilitates the installation of downstream devices for conveying sample tubes.

[0096] like Figure 17 and Figure 20 As shown, Figure 20 A second-view perspective perspective view of the hopper 11 is shown. In a preferred embodiment, a feed trough 1133 is provided on the fourth plate 1106, and the feed trough 1133 has a first feed inlet 1134. A connection interface is provided on the second plate 1104. The feed trough 1133 facilitates the entry of sample tubes into the hopper 11.

[0097] In a preferred embodiment, the feed trough 1133 has a fifth inclined surface, on which the sample tube can be initially guided before entering the third guide inclined surface 1131, the first guide inclined surface 111, or the second guide inclined surface 112.

[0098] In a preferred embodiment, the plane containing the centerline of the silo 11 is used as the reference plane. Figure 2 The dotted line shown is the plane where the center line of the hopper 11 is located. The feed trough 1133 and the opening 1101 are located on opposite sides of the reference plane, which ensures that after the sample tube enters the hopper 11, it enters at least one of the first guide slope 111, the second guide slope 112 and the third guide slope 1131, avoiding the sample tube from falling directly into the opening 1101 and accumulating.

[0099] Specifically, the surface area of ​​the second guide slope 112 is larger than that of the first guide slope 111. The second guide slope 112 corresponds to the feed trough 1133 in position. After the sample tubes enter the hopper 11, they can be arranged preferentially on the second guide slope 112 and then on the first guide slope 111. As an optional implementation, the surface area of ​​the first guide slope 111 is larger than that of the second guide slope 112, and the first guide slope 111 corresponds to the feed trough 1133 in position.

[0100] Furthermore, the opening 1101 is aligned with the mating interface in the height direction. This facilitates the feeding device's cooperation with the mating interface and the opening 1101.

[0101] As an alternative implementation, the feed trough 1133 and the opening 1101 can be arranged opposite to each other on the reference plane, thereby reducing the processing difficulty.

[0102] In a preferred embodiment, a data acquisition device 1107 is provided on the hopper 11, which is used to acquire image information within the hopper 11. The image information acquired by the data acquisition device 1107 is used to characterize the remaining amount of sample tubes in the hopper 11, so that the main control unit can make real-time judgments and provide feedback on whether the sample tubes are clean. Specifically, the data acquisition device 1107 can be a camera.

[0103] In a preferred embodiment, the acquisition device 1107 is disposed on the second plate 1104, and the acquisition direction of the acquisition device 1107 is directly opposite the opening 1101.

[0104] In one alternative embodiment, the outer wall of the hopper 11 is provided with a connecting structure, which can be used to fix the hopper 11 to the frame of the test analyzer.

[0105] In an optional embodiment, the connecting structure may include a first connecting portion 1151 and a second connecting portion 1152, which are respectively located on opposite outer walls of the hopper 11. This facilitates the installation and fixing of the hopper 11. Specifically, the first connecting portion 1151 and the second connecting portion 1152 may be fixing plates, which can be fixed to the outer wall of the hopper 11 by welding, plastic bonding, or other fixing methods. See also Figure 21 , Figure 22 , Figure 23 and Figure 24 , Figure 21 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the cache mechanism 12 is shown. Figure 22 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the cache mechanism 12 is shown. Figure 23 A top-view schematic diagram of the cache mechanism 12 is shown. Figure 24 It shows Figure 21 A magnified view at point F. In a preferred embodiment, the cache mechanism 12 includes: The housing 1201 and the sample tray 1202 are provided. The housing 1201 has a receiving cavity and a second feed port 1230 communicating with the receiving cavity is opened on the side wall. The sample tray 1202 is disposed in the receiving cavity by a third driving structure. A plurality of buffer positions 1231 are provided at intervals on the outer edge of the sample tray 1202. The buffer positions 1231 are the sample loading positions 102 of the tilting sample loading mechanism 100. The third driving structure is used to drive the sample tray 1202 to rotate until the plurality of buffer positions 1231 are sequentially aligned with the second feed port 1230. A detection element is disposed on the housing 1201 for detecting the type of sample tube on the buffer position 1231.

[0106] The above structure enables different sample tubes to be temporarily stored in different buffer positions 1231, and the type of sample tube to be detected by the detection element. Specifically, the third drive structure can drive the sample dispensing disk 1202 to rotate, so that different buffer positions 1231 can be aligned with the second feed port 1230 in sequence. After the sample tube enters the buffer position 1231 through the second feed port 1230, the third drive structure drives the sample dispensing disk 1202 to rotate to the next empty buffer position 1231 to be aligned with the second feed port 1230. The multiple buffer positions 1231 are relatively independent, avoiding contact between multiple sample tubes. When the sample tube on the buffer position 1231 rotates to be aligned with the detection element, the detection element can obtain the information of the sample tube to facilitate the identification of the type of sample tube.

[0107] Compared to traditional manual identification and sorting methods, machine identification can improve sample identification accuracy, thereby improving sorting accuracy, while reducing labor costs. Compared to traditional linear sorting or sorting using buffer slides 1205, using multiple independent buffer positions 1231 on the sample tray 1202 can prevent other sample tubes adjacent to the target sample tube from being picked up when picking the target sample tube, thus improving sorting accuracy.

[0108] In a preferred embodiment, the housing 1201 is a cylindrical structure with a top opening 1101, and the sample tray 1202 is a disc structure. The outer edge of the sample tray 1202 has a plurality of grooves spaced apart circumferentially. The grooves extend along the height direction to form a buffer position 1231 for accommodating sample tubes.

[0109] Furthermore, multiple buffer positions 1231 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction along the outer edge of the sampling disk 1202. The number of buffer positions 1231 can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or more. The number of buffer positions 1231 can be set as needed and is not specifically limited here.

[0110] In a preferred embodiment, the buffer mechanism 12 further includes a feeding structure installed on the outer wall of the housing 1201, comprising a first side plate 1203 and a second side plate 1204, forming a buffer slide 1205 between the first side plate 1203 and the second side plate 1204, the buffer slide 1205 being directly opposite the second feed inlet 1230, and the top surfaces of the first side plate 1203 and the second side plate 1204 being inclined surfaces. In the feeding state, the second slide 16 engages with the buffer slide 1205, and the top surface of the second slide 16 is higher than the top surface of the buffer slide 1205.

[0111] Since the sample sorting tray 1202 needs to rotate to connect the buffer position 1231 and the second feed port 1230, the buffer slide 1205 can keep at least one sample tube in the position corresponding to the second feed port 1230. The top surfaces of the first side plate 1203 and the second side plate 1204 cooperate with the sample tube, so that the sample tube has a tendency to slide towards the second feed port 1230. When the sample sorting tray 1202 rotates to the position 1231 corresponding to the second feed port 1230, the sample tube can enter the buffer position 1231 in time, thereby improving sorting efficiency.

[0112] In one alternative embodiment, the first side plate 1203 and the second side plate 1204 are respectively mounted on the outer wall of the housing 1201 via a connecting plate 1226, so as to fix the first side plate 1203 and the second side plate 1204.

[0113] In one alternative embodiment, the outer wall connecting the housing 1201 and the connecting plate 1226 is flat, so as to improve the stability of the connection between the connecting plate 1226 and the outer wall of the housing 1201.

[0114] In one optional embodiment, a connecting block 1206 is provided between the bottom of the first side plate 1203 and the second side plate 1204. The first side plate 1203 and the second side plate 1204 are respectively fixedly installed on opposite sides of the connecting block 1206. The connecting block 1206 may have a certain length and width. On the one hand, the connecting block 1206 may limit the distance between the first side plate 1203 and the second side plate 1204. On the other hand, the connecting block 1206 may stabilize the first side plate 1203 and the second side plate 1204.

[0115] In a preferred embodiment, a first baffle 1207 is provided on the outer side of the first side plate 1203, extending along the height direction beyond the top surface of the first side plate 1203. A second baffle 1208 is provided on the outer side of the second side plate 1204, extending along the height direction beyond the top surface of the second side plate 1204. The first baffle 1207 and the second baffle 1208 can prevent the sample tube from rushing out of the buffer slide 1205, avoiding damage and breakage of the sample tube.

[0116] Furthermore, the top extension height of the first baffle 1207 and the second baffle 1208 is greater than the height of the sample tube extending out of the top surface of the buffer slide 1205. Under the support of the first side plate 1203 and the second side plate 1204, the sample tube partially extends out of the slide. The top height of the first baffle 1207 and the second baffle 1208 is greater than the top height of the sample tube to provide a more reliable blocking effect.

[0117] In a preferred embodiment, the first baffle 1207 has a first extension 1209 extending upward toward the housing 1201, and the second baffle 1208 has a second extension 1210 extending upward toward the housing 1201. The first extension 1209 and the second extension 1210 can prevent the sample tube from tipping over during its descent to the buffer position 1231, ensuring that the sample tube enters the buffer position 1231 in the correct orientation, and preventing jamming or loss of synchronization when the sample tray 1202 rotates.

[0118] In a preferred embodiment, a third baffle 1211 is provided between the ends of the first extension 1209 and the second extension 1210, and the surface of the third baffle 1211 is directly opposite the buffer slide 1205. The third baffle 1211 can prevent the sample tube from tilting due to inertia after entering the buffer position 1231, and further prevent the sample tray 1202 from jamming or losing synchronization when rotating.

[0119] In a preferred embodiment, the third baffle 1211 may be formed by bending the first extension 1209 or the second extension 1210. Alternatively, the third baffle 1211 may be a separate plate, which is fixed to the end of the first extension 1209 or the second extension 1210 by welding.

[0120] See Figure 4 In a preferred embodiment, the first side plate 1203 and the second side plate 1204 partially extend into the second feed port 1230. The end of the first side plate 1203 is at a first distance from the outer edge of the sample tray 1202, and the end of the second side plate 1204 is at a second distance from the outer edge of the sample tray 1202. The first distance and the second distance are different.

[0121] With this configuration, the ends of the first side plate 1203 and the second side plate 1204 facing the sample tray 1202 can form a stepped structure, increasing the opening between the ends of the first side plate 1203 and the second side plate 1204, so that the ends of the first side plate 1203 and the second side plate 1204 can match the buffer position 1231, making it easier for the sample tube to smoothly enter the buffer position 1231 under its own weight.

[0122] In a preferred embodiment, the first distance is greater than the second distance, the length of the second side plate 1204 is greater than the length of the first side plate 1203, and the end faces of the first side plate 1203 and the second side plate 1204 facing away from the sample tray 1202 are flush, forming the stepped structure at the end near the sample tray 1202. Alternatively, in an optional embodiment, the second distance is greater than the first distance, and the stepped structure described above can also be formed.

[0123] Furthermore, the edge of the groove forming the buffer position 1231 corresponding to the second feed port 1230 has a bevel, forming an flared shape, thereby allowing the sample tube to smoothly enter the buffer position 1231.

[0124] In a preferred embodiment, the housing 1201 has a detection port 1212 located below the sample tray 1202, and the detection port 1212 is equipped with a detection element. After the sample tube enters the buffer position 1231, it rests on the upper surface of the sample tray 1202, resulting in a difference in the bottom height of different sample tubes. The detection element can determine the type of sample tube by detecting the bottom height information of the sample tube. This arrangement makes the structure more compact.

[0125] In a preferred embodiment, the detection element includes a first detection optocoupler 1213 and a second detection optocoupler 1214 arranged along the height direction. The first detection optocoupler 1213 and the second detection optocoupler 1214 can each correspond to different detection points. When one of the detection optocouplers is triggered, it can be identified that the current sample tube is of the first type. When both detection optocouplers are triggered, it can be identified that the current sample tube is of the second type. Thus, this high and low optocoupler layout can be used to accurately detect the type of sample tube.

[0126] Understandably, a sample tube includes a tube body and lugs located on the side wall of the tube body. The type of sample tube corresponds to its length. The sample tube can be attached to the upper surface of the sample tray 1202 via the lugs. Different types of sample tubes have different bottom heights. The first detection optocoupler 1213 can be located above the second detection optocoupler 1214. When the first detection optocoupler 1213 is triggered but the second detection optocoupler 1214 is not triggered, it indicates that the sample tube is shorter, and thus it is of type one. When both the first and second detection optocouplers are triggered, it indicates that the sample tube is longer, and thus it is of type two. Furthermore, when neither the first nor the second detection optocoupler 1213 is triggered, it indicates that there is no sample tube in the buffer position 1231.

[0127] As an optional implementation, the detection element further includes a third detection optocoupler. The first detection optocoupler 1213, the second detection optocoupler 1214 and the third detection optocoupler are arranged sequentially along the height direction. When one of them is triggered, the sample tube is characterized as a first type. When two of them are triggered, the sample tube is characterized as a second type. When all three are triggered, the sample tube is characterized as a third type.

[0128] In a preferred embodiment, the third driving structure includes: The drive shaft 1215 is rotatably mounted on the housing 1201, and has a first end extending into the accommodating cavity and a second end located outside the accommodating cavity. The sample dispensing disk 1202 is coaxially mounted with the drive shaft 1215 and fixed to the first end. The third drive motor 1216 has a third drive wheel 1217 at its output end; The third driven wheel 1218 is installed at the second end of the transmission shaft 1215. The third driven wheel 1218 is connected to the third driving wheel 1217 via the third synchronous belt 1219, and the outer diameter of the third driven wheel 1218 is larger than the outer diameter of the third driving wheel 1217.

[0129] Specifically, the buffer mechanism 12 may include a base plate 1200, a housing 1201, and a third drive motor 1216 mounted on the base plate 1200. A through hole may be provided at the center of the bottom surface of the housing 1201 and at a corresponding position on the base plate 1200. A guide cylinder 1220 may be coaxially arranged on the bottom surface of the housing 1201 with the through hole. A first bearing 1221 and a second bearing 1222 are respectively provided at the two opposite ends of the guide cylinder 1220. The first end of the drive shaft 1215 is fixed to the fixing plate 1232 in the middle of the sample distribution plate 1202 by bolts. Shaft 1215 is rotatably engaged with first bearing 1221 and second bearing 1222, and its second end extends out of a through hole and is coaxially connected to third driven wheel 1218. Third driven wheel 1218 and third drive wheel 1217 have teeth, and third synchronous belt 1219 has teeth that engage with third driven wheel 1218 and third drive wheel 1217. Third drive motor 1216 can drive transmission shaft 1215 to rotate via third drive wheel 1217, third synchronous belt 1219, and third driven wheel 1218, thereby driving sample distribution disk 1202 to rotate. Since the outer diameter of third driven wheel 1218 is larger than the outer diameter of third drive wheel 1217, a reduction ratio can be provided. This two-stage transmission structure can dilute mechanical errors and compensate for dynamic errors, ensuring that buffer position 1231 can accurately align with second feed port 1230, improving the rotational positioning accuracy of the sample distribution disk. Alternatively, first bearing 1221 and second bearing 1222 can be deep groove ball bearings.

[0130] In a preferred embodiment, the third driven wheel 1218 is provided with a connecting part 1223, which is a nut structure and is coaxially arranged with the third driven wheel 1218. The second end of the drive shaft 1215 has an external thread, and the drive shaft 1215 can be threadedly connected to the connecting part 1223.

[0131] In a preferred embodiment, a sampling code disk 1224 is provided on the third driven wheel 1218. The sampling code disk 1224 is coaxially arranged with the third driven wheel 1218, and the diameter of the sampling code disk 1224 is larger than the diameter of the third driven wheel 1218. The outer edge of the sampling code disk 1224 has multiple tooth-like structures, and the number and position of the tooth-like structures correspond one-to-one with the buffer positions 1231. A sensor 1225 for detecting the tooth-like structures is provided on the substrate 1200. When the sampling disk 1202 is working, the rotational accuracy can be determined by detecting the distance of the tooth-like structures by the sensor 1225. As an optional implementation, the sensor 1225 can be a Hall sensor 1225, an inductive sensor 1225, a capacitive sensor 1225, etc.

[0132] In a specific implementation, the tray-type sample loading mechanism 103 includes a drawer bracket 104, through which staff can load sample tubes in an orderly manner.

[0133] Furthermore, the tray-type sample loading mechanism 103 also includes a sample box 105, which can be placed on a drawer bracket 104. The sample box 105 has multiple sample positions arranged in a matrix, which are used to place sample tubes. As an optional implementation, the multiple sample positions on the sample box 105 can be arranged in an n*m matrix, where n can be 5 and m can be 10, that is, each sample box 105 can hold 50 sample tubes. This arrangement makes it easier for the gripper unit 6 to accurately find the corresponding sample tube.

[0134] Furthermore, the tray-type sample loading mechanism 103 can be equipped with multiple sample boxes 105. The multiple sample boxes 105 are arranged sequentially on the tray drawer from the front area to the rear area. The operator can set the specific purpose of different sample boxes 105 according to the work needs. In specific implementation, two sample boxes 105 can be installed on the tray drawer, and the two sample boxes 105 are arranged on the tray drawer from the front area to the rear area.

[0135] Furthermore, the tray-type sample loading mechanism 103 includes multiple drawer brackets 104 arranged sequentially, each drawer bracket 104 being equipped with multiple sample boxes 105. Operators can configure the uses of the multiple drawer brackets 104 and / or sample boxes 105 according to work needs. Specifically, a sample loading area, an abnormal sample area, and a recovery area can be set. The sample loading area is used to place samples to be tested, the abnormal sample area is used to place abnormal samples, and the recovery area is used to place recovered samples. More specifically, the sample loading area can be divided into a centrifuged sample area and a sample to be centrifuged area, and may also include an uncentrifuged sample area. Centrifugation of the samples can be selected according to work needs. This configuration facilitates the movement of the gripper unit 6 to the corresponding sample box 105 and the clamping of the corresponding sample tube, improving flexibility.

[0136] In practical implementation, the tray-type sample loading mechanism 103 can be equipped with five tray drawers, each tray drawer containing two sample boxes 105. The sample boxes 105 are arranged in a matrix configuration as described above, with multiple sample positions. Specifically, the sample box 105 near the center of the tray drawer located on one side can be a fixed sample box 109, while the remaining nine sample boxes 105 are detachable. The fixed sample box 109 can serve as a capping area for quality control samples or a fixed sample tube placement area. The detachable sample boxes 105 allow staff to easily remove them from the tray drawer, place the external sample tubes in the corresponding sample positions in sequence, and then reinstall the detachable sample box 105 into the tray drawer. Staff can assign the sample boxes 105 on the five tray drawers as sample loading areas, abnormal sample areas, and recovery areas as needed.

[0137] In a specific implementation, the shelf-type sample loading mechanism 106 includes an emergency shelf 107, which can be used to place sample tubes for storing quality control samples and / or emergency samples. Optionally, two emergency shelves 107 may be provided.

[0138] In one embodiment, the capping unit 7 is positioned close to the rack-type sample loading mechanism 106. Positioning the capping unit 7 close to the sample loading mechanism facilitates the replenishment of new caps by staff and improves the structural compactness.

[0139] In one embodiment, the cap disposal position 108 is located close to the tray-type sample loading mechanism 103. Since the tray-type sample loading mechanism 103 is smaller in volume than the other two sample loading mechanisms, placing the cap disposal position 108 close to the tray-type sample loading mechanism 103 can make full use of space, making the structure more compact and reducing the overall size of the device.

[0140] In one embodiment, the centrifugation unit 2 includes a centrifuge 21, a centrifuge adapter 22, and a leveling tube placement area 23, wherein the leveling tube placement area 23 and a plurality of centrifuge adapters 22 are arranged around the operating port of the centrifuge 21.

[0141] Centrifuge 21 is used to centrifuge sample tubes, and centrifuge adapter 22 is used to place sample tubes. Sample tubes need to be placed on centrifuge adapter 22 before they can enter centrifuge 21 for centrifugation. Each centrifuge adapter 22 can hold several sample tubes. The balancing tube placement area 23 can balance the sample tubes to ensure the stability of centrifuge 21. Setting multiple centrifuge adapters 22 and balancing tube placement areas 23 around centrifuge 21 can optimize the spatial layout, making the structure more compact and optimizing the scheduling path so that the sample tube scheduling and transfer path is the shortest or optimal distance, thereby improving centrifugation efficiency.

[0142] In a specific implementation, the centrifuge adapter 22 can hold a number of sample tubes. Specifically, each centrifuge adapter 22 can hold 20 sample tubes.

[0143] In one embodiment, the operating port of the centrifuge 21 is also used to buffer at least one centrifuge adapter 22. Since the operating port of the centrifuge 21 can buffer at least one centrifuge adapter 22 and reserve at least one empty slot, in use, the centrifuge adapter 22 with sample tubes loaded on the table can be transferred to the empty slot of the centrifuge 21, and the original centrifuge adapter 22 of the centrifuge 21 can be taken out and placed on the table as centrifuge adapter 22 to be placed with sample tubes. This reduces the number of centrifuge adapters 22 placed on the table of the centrifuge unit 2, reduces the area of ​​the centrifuge unit 2, and further reduces the volume of the entire device.

[0144] Specifically, the centrifuge 21 can hold four centrifuge adapters 22. When centrifugation is not needed, two centrifuge adapters 22 are buffered in the centrifuge 21, leaving two slots empty. Six centrifuge adapters 22 are arranged around the centrifuge 21. When centrifugation is needed, an external centrifuge adapter 22 can be placed into a sample tube. After placing the sample tube, the centrifuge adapter 22 containing the sample tube is placed into one of the empty slots in the centrifuge 21, and one of the buffered centrifuge adapters 22 is removed. This is the operational sequence to complete the loading of the centrifuge adapters 22 according to the workflow, and then centrifugation is performed. This reduces the number of centrifuge adapters 21 that need to be set on the table, thereby further reducing the size of the entire device.

[0145] In one embodiment, the buffer scheduling unit 5 includes a buffer area 51 and a scheduling device 52. The scheduling device 52 is used to transfer sample racks containing sample tubes between the buffer area 51 and the analyzer or transport track. The buffer area 51 of the buffer scheduling unit 5 can be used to buffer sample tubes and to scan and identify sample tubes, quality control sample tubes, and / or sample racks. The buffer area 51 includes multiple buffer racks 511, each containing multiple sample racks. Sample tubes to be tested and sample tubes after testing are placed on their respective racks. The gripper unit 6 transfers the pre-processed sample tubes to their corresponding racks. Then, the scheduling device 52 can transfer the racks containing the sample tubes to the track connected to the analyzer, and / or transfer the racks containing samples that have been analyzed and tested by the analyzer to the buffer area 51. The buffer area 51 buffers pre-processed sample tubes, allowing each pre-processing unit to continue processing unprocessed sample tubes according to the workflow, improving processing efficiency. The scheduling device 52 efficiently transfers sample tubes between the pre-processing unit and the analyzer, further improving processing efficiency. In an alternative implementation, multiple cache racks 511 are arranged sequentially in the cache area 51.

[0146] As an optional implementation, the scheduling device 52 may be a scheduling trolley.

[0147] In a specific embodiment, the buffer scheduling unit 5 is located on the side closer to the analyzer. This facilitates the efficient transfer of sample tubes between the buffer area 51 and the analyzer by the scheduling device 52.

[0148] In a specific embodiment, the cover-opening unit 4 is located on the side close to the cache scheduling unit 5, and also on the side close to the analyzer. Since the cover-opening unit 4 and the cache scheduling unit 5 are essential functional units and are used most frequently, this arrangement is conducive to further accelerating the scheduling efficiency.

[0149] In one embodiment, the buffer scheduling unit 5 is equipped with a regular track 531, an emergency track, and a return track 533 for docking with the analyzer. The scheduling device 52 can transfer the sample tube to be tested from the buffer area 51 to the regular track 531 or the emergency track 532 for testing by the analyzer. The scheduling device 52 can receive the sample tube that has completed testing on the return track 533 and transfer it to the buffer area 51.

[0150] In one embodiment, the sample pretreatment device includes a human-computer interaction unit, which may include a touch screen display and a faceplate indicator light. Staff can set the workflow through the touch screen display or observe the working status of the sample pretreatment device through the faceplate indicator light.

[0151] like Figure 25 As shown, this utility model provides a sample pretreatment method, applied to the above-mentioned sample pretreatment device. The sample pretreatment method specifically includes the following steps: Obtain the sample loading method and testing method; According to the sample loading method, the control gripper unit transfers the sample tube to be tested to the cap opening unit; According to the detection method, the cap-opening unit is controlled to detect the sample tube to be tested; The gripper unit is controlled to transfer the sample tube to be tested to the sample rack of the buffer scheduling unit; According to the detection method, the buffer scheduling unit is controlled to schedule the sample tubes to be tested on the sample rack and return the tested sample tubes. According to the detection method, the gripper unit is controlled to transfer the tested sample tube to the corresponding placement position.

[0152] Specifically, the sample loading and testing methods can be set by the user. The control unit obtains the sample loading and testing methods according to the user's operation instructions, or it can be automatically determined according to the corresponding control program. The sample loading methods can include tilting, tray loading, and rack loading, and can also include quality control unit loading. The testing methods can include routine sample testing, quality control sample testing, calibration sample testing, and emergency sample testing. Routine sample testing can be performed using tilting and tray loading, quality control sample testing can be performed using quality control unit loading, tray loading, and rack loading, calibration sample testing can be performed using tray loading and rack loading, and emergency sample testing can be performed using rack loading.

[0153] The above method can complete the process of sample loading, transportation, detection, testing, and return of the sample tubes to be tested, reducing the degree of manual intervention in the sample preprocessing stage, saving manpower and time costs, improving sample preprocessing efficiency, and enhancing safety.

[0154] In an optional implementation, before the control gripper unit transfers the sample tube from the sample loading unit to the cap opening unit, the method further includes: Based on the detection method, determine whether the sample tube to be tested needs to be centrifuged; If so, the gripper unit is controlled to transfer the sample tube to be tested to the centrifugation unit, the centrifugation unit is controlled to centrifuge the sample tube to be tested, and the gripper unit is controlled to transfer the sample tube to be tested after centrifugation to the capping unit. If not, the gripper unit is controlled to transfer the sample tube to be tested to the capping unit.

[0155] Specifically, whether or not the sample tube needs to be centrifuged depends on the detection method. When the detection method is routine sample detection, the user can choose whether to centrifuge the sample according to the workflow. When the detection method is the quality control sample detection, calibration sample detection or emergency sample detection mentioned above, centrifugation can be omitted by default. Of course, users can also choose whether to centrifuge according to their needs.

[0156] The above method allows for the selection of whether to centrifuge samples based on the workflow, flexibly adapting to the requirements of different workflows and improving the efficiency and accuracy of sample pretreatment.

[0157] In one optional implementation, controlling the cap-opening unit to inspect the sample tube to be tested includes: According to the detection method, the cap-opening unit is controlled to detect the serum residue and quality of the sample tube to be tested; If the serum balance and quality of the sample tube to be tested meet the predetermined conditions, it is determined whether the sample tube to be tested needs to be opened. If so, the opening unit is controlled to remove the cap from the sample tube. If the serum balance and quality of the sample tube to be tested do not meet the predetermined conditions, the gripper unit is controlled to transfer the sample tube to the corresponding placement position.

[0158] Specifically, the preset conditions are user-defined values. When the detected serum balance and quality meet the preset values, the sample tube is considered to have passed. If not, the sample tube is marked as an abnormal sample, and the gripper unit is controlled to place the sample tube into the abnormal sample area. Furthermore, after determining that the sample tube has passed, the detection unit can also identify whether the sample tube has a cap. If a cap is present, the cap removal mechanism is controlled to remove the cap from the sample tube, and the gripper unit is controlled to transfer the capped sample tube to the buffer scheduling unit. If no cap is present, the gripper unit is controlled to transfer the sample tube to the buffer scheduling unit.

[0159] The above method can determine whether the serum balance and quality of the sample tube to be tested meet the predetermined conditions, so as to distinguish between sample tubes that meet the predetermined conditions and those that do not. It can also automatically detect whether the sample tube has a cap, and remove the cap to facilitate subsequent testing procedures.

[0160] In one optional implementation, controlling the capping unit to open the sample tube includes: Based on the detection method, determine whether it is necessary to retain the original cap of the sample tube to be tested; If so, control the gripper unit to transfer the original tube cap to the sample tube cap placement area; If not, the gripper unit is controlled to transfer and discard the original cap.

[0161] The above method allows for the selection of whether to retain or discard the original cap based on the cap handling requirements of the sample tube. This facilitates the subsequent application of the original or new cap to the tested sample tubes according to the workflow, eliminating the need for manual sorting and improving processing efficiency.

[0162] In one optional implementation, before controlling the gripper unit to transfer the post-test sample tube to the corresponding placement position, the method further includes: According to the detection method, the gripper unit is controlled to cover the original or new cap onto the sample tube after testing.

[0163] The above method allows for the placement of either the original or a new cap onto the sample tube after testing, based on the tube cap treatment requirements. This aligns with the processing requirements of different testing methods, eliminating the need for manual sorting and improving processing efficiency.

[0164] In an optional implementation, the step of controlling the gripper unit to transfer the sample tube to be tested to the capping unit according to the sample loading method further includes: Based on the sample loading method, determine whether to test the quality control sample; If so, the gripper unit is controlled to transfer the sample tube to be tested from the tray-type sample loading mechanism and / or the rack-type sample loading mechanism and / or the quality control unit to the cap-opening unit.

[0165] The above method can be used to test quality control samples, further improving the applicability of the sample pretreatment device.

[0166] To clearly illustrate the sample pretreatment method provided by this utility model, the sample pretreatment device will be described in detail below in conjunction with four workflows: The standard sample workflow is as follows: The gripper unit 6 is controlled to transfer the sample tubes of the tilting sample loading mechanism 100 and / or the tray sample loading mechanism 103 to the centrifugation unit 2; The centrifugation unit 2 is controlled to centrifuge the sample tube; The gripper unit 6 is controlled to transfer the sample tube to the capping unit 4; The cap-opening unit 4 is controlled to detect the serum quality of the sample tube; If the serum quality of the sample tube meets the requirements, the sample tube cap removal mechanism is controlled to remove the cap from the sample tube, and the gripper unit 6 is controlled to transfer the waste cap to the cap disposal position 108. The gripper unit 6 is controlled to transfer the sample tube to the sample rack of the buffer scheduling unit 5; The buffer scheduling unit 5 is controlled to transfer and schedule the sample rack to the analyzer; After completing the analysis and testing of the sample tube, the buffer scheduling unit 5 is controlled to return the sample rack; The gripper unit 6 is controlled to transfer the sample tube cap from the capping unit 7 to the sample tube and then plug the cap. The gripper unit 6 is controlled to transfer the sample tube to the tray-type sample loading mechanism 103.

[0167] The above multiple units work together to complete a routine sample workflow, including sample tube sampling, centrifugation, serum quality testing, capping, buffer scheduling, output to the analyzer, return to buffer scheduling, capping, and post-test placement.

[0168] It should be noted that in the standard sample workflow, the sample tubes are in the state of having sample tube caps before testing by default. In this workflow, the staff can choose to centrifuge the sample tubes or not. When centrifugation is not required, the gripper unit 6 will directly transfer the sample tubes to the capping unit 4.

[0169] The quality control sample workflow is as follows: The gripper unit 6 is controlled to transfer the sample tubes from the quality control unit 3, the tray-type sample loading mechanism 103 and / or the rack-type sample loading mechanism 106 to the cap-opening unit 4. Before the gripper unit 6 transfers the sample tubes from the quality control unit 3 to the cap-opening unit 4, the gripper unit 6 is controlled to transfer the sample tubes sequentially to the quality control reheating zone 32 and the quality control mixing mechanism 33 and perform reheating and mixing sequentially. The cap-opening unit 4 is controlled to detect the remaining liquid level in the quality control sample tube; If the liquid level in the sample tube meets the requirements, the sample tube cap removal mechanism is controlled to remove the cap from the sample tube, and the gripper unit 6 is controlled to transfer the sample tube to the sample rack of the buffer scheduling unit 5. If the original cap of the quality control sample needs to be retained, the gripper unit 6 is controlled to transfer the original cap to the corresponding placement position on the cap placement area. If the original cap does not need to be retained, the gripper unit 6 is controlled to transfer the sample cap to the cap disposal position 108. The buffer scheduling unit 5 is controlled to transfer and schedule the sample rack to the analyzer; After completing the analysis and testing of the quality control samples, the cache scheduling unit 5 is controlled to return the sample rack; The gripper unit 6 is controlled to transfer the original cap in the cap placement area or the sample cap in the capping unit 7 to the sample tube and then plug the cap. The gripper unit 6 is controlled to transfer the sample tube to the quality control unit 3 and / or the tray-type sample loading mechanism 103.

[0170] The above multiple units work together to complete the quality control sample workflow, including sampling of sample tubes, selective rewarming and mixing, serum residual detection, capping, buffer scheduling, output to the analyzer, return to buffer scheduling, capping, and placement after testing.

[0171] It should be noted that in this workflow, the original caps of the quality control samples may be retained as needed, that is, the gripper unit 6 can place the original quality control sample caps on the fixed sample box 109.

[0172] The calibration sample workflow is as follows: The gripper unit 6 is controlled to transfer the sample tube of the tray-type sample loading mechanism 103 to the opening unit 4; The capping unit 4 is controlled to detect the remaining serum volume and quality of the sample tube; If the serum remaining volume of the sample tube meets the requirements, the gripper unit 6 is controlled to transfer the sample tube to the sample rack of the buffer scheduling unit 5. If the capping unit 4 detects that the sample tube has a sample tube cap, the gripper unit 6 is controlled to remove the cap from the sample tube. If the original cap needs to be retained, the gripper unit 6 will transfer the sample tube cap to the corresponding placement position. If the original cap does not need to be retained, the gripper unit 6 will transfer the sample tube cap to the cap disposal position 108. The buffer scheduling unit 5 is controlled to transfer and schedule the sample rack to the analyzer; After completing the analysis and testing of the sample tube, the buffer scheduling unit 5 is controlled to return the sample rack; The gripper unit 6 is controlled to transfer the original cap or the sample cap of the capping unit 7 to the sample tube and then plug the cap. The gripper unit 6 is controlled to transfer the sample tube to the tray-type sample loading mechanism 103; and / or, The gripper unit 6 controls the transfer of the sample tubes from the rack-type sample loading mechanism 106 to the sample rack of the buffer scheduling unit 5; The buffer scheduling unit 5 controls the transfer and scheduling of the sample tube to the analyzer; After completing the analysis and testing of the sample tube, the buffer scheduling unit 5 is controlled to return the sample rack; The gripper unit 6 is controlled to transfer the sample tube cap from the capping unit 7 to the sample tube and then plug the cap. The gripper unit 6 is controlled to transfer the sample tube to the tray-type sample loading mechanism 103.

[0173] The above multiple units work together to complete the calibration sample workflow, including sample tube sampling, serum quality testing, selective capping and discarding, buffer scheduling, output to the analyzer, return to buffer scheduling, capping and post-test placement, as well as sampling, buffer scheduling, output to the analyzer, return to buffer scheduling, capping and post-test placement for emergency sample pretreatment.

[0174] The workflow for rack-type samples is as follows: The gripper unit 6 is controlled to transfer the sample tube of the rack-type sample loading mechanism 106 to the cap opening unit 4; The cap-opening unit 4 is controlled to detect the serum quality of the sample tube; If the serum quality of the sample tube meets the requirements, the gripper unit 6 is controlled to transfer the sample tube to the sample rack of the buffer scheduling unit 5; The buffer scheduling unit 5 controls the transfer and scheduling of the sample tube to the analyzer; After completing the analysis and testing of the sample tube, the buffer scheduling unit 5 is controlled to return the sample rack; The gripper unit 6 is controlled to transfer the sample tube to the rack-type sample loading mechanism 106.

[0175] The workflow of rack-type samples can be completed through the cooperation of the above units, including sampling of sample tubes, serum quality testing, buffer scheduling, output to the analyzer, return to buffer scheduling, capping, and placement after testing.

[0176] It should be noted that in this workflow, the sample tubes on the emergency rack 107 are without sample tube caps by default and can be directly transferred to the buffer area 51 of the buffer scheduling unit 5. After the test is completed, the sample tubes can be capped as needed.

[0177] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A sample pretreatment device, characterized in that, include: The sample loading unit (1) includes a tilting sample loading mechanism (100) and / or a tray sample loading mechanism (103) and / or a rack sample loading mechanism (106). The opening unit (4) includes a fixing gripper (41) and a sample tube cap removal mechanism, which is used to remove the sample tube cap. The cache scheduling unit (5) is used to cache and schedule the sample rack where the sample tubes are placed; The gripper unit (6) is used to transfer and schedule sample tubes between the sample loading unit (1), the cap opening unit (4) and the buffer scheduling unit (5).

2. The sample pretreatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The capping unit (7) is located near the rack-type sample loading mechanism (106) and is used to load the caps of the sample tubes. The gripper unit (6) is used to transfer the sample tube caps from the capping unit (7) to the buffer scheduling unit (5) for capping the sample tubes.

3. The sample pretreatment apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: Centrifugation unit (2), used to centrifuge samples in sample tubes; and / or, The sample loading unit (1) and the capping unit (7) are located in the front region, the centrifugation unit (2) and the buffer scheduling unit (5) are located in the rear region opposite to the front region, and the cap opening unit (4) is located in the middle region between the front and rear regions; and / or, The gripper unit (6) is driven to move in three dimensions along the X, Y and Z directions in the front, middle and rear regions to transfer the sample tube.

4. The sample pretreatment apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The capping unit (7) includes a capping mechanism (71) and a cap removal position (72). The capping mechanism (71) is used to transport the sample tube cap to the cap removal position (72). The gripper unit (6) is driven to transfer the sample tube cap from the cap removal position (72) to the corresponding sample tube on the sample rack.

5. The sample pretreatment apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The centrifugation unit (2) includes a centrifuge (21), a centrifuge adapter (22), and a leveling pipe placement area (23), wherein the leveling pipe placement area (23) and a plurality of centrifuge adapters (22) are arranged around the operating port of the centrifuge (21).

6. The sample pretreatment apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The operating port of the centrifuge (21) is also used to buffer at least one of the centrifuge adapters (22).

7. The sample pretreatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Also includes: Quality control unit (3), the quality control unit (3) includes a quality control refrigerator (31), a quality control reheating zone (32), and a quality control mixing mechanism (33); and / or, The opening unit (4) includes a detection camera (42) corresponding to the fixing gripper (41), the detection camera (42) being used to detect the quality of the sample tube and / or the sample inside the sample tube; and / or, The buffer scheduling unit (5) includes a buffer area (51) and a scheduling device (52), the scheduling device (52) being used to transfer the sample rack for placing the sample tube between the buffer area (51) and the analyzer or transport track.

8. The sample pretreatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The tilting sample loading mechanism (100) includes: The hopper (11) has an opening (1101) at the bottom. The buffer structure (12) includes the sample bit (102); The first feeding mechanism (13) includes a first lifting structure and a first slide rail (14). The first lifting structure is used to drive the first slide rail (14) through the opening (1101) and move along the height direction. The second feeding mechanism (15) includes a second lifting structure and a second slide (16). The second lifting structure is used to drive the second slide (16) to move in the height direction between the buffer mechanism (12) and the first slide (14) so ​​that the second slide (16) is in a receiving state or a feeding state. In the receiving state, the second slide (16) is connected to the first slide (14). In the feeding state, the second slide (16) is connected to the buffer mechanism (12).

9. The sample pretreatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The rack-type sample loading mechanism (106) includes an emergency rack (107), which is used to place sample tubes for storing quality control samples and / or emergency samples.

10. The sample pretreatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The tray-type sample loading mechanism (103) includes a sample loading area, an abnormal sample area, and a recovery area. The sample loading area is used to place the sample to be tested, the abnormal sample area is used to place the abnormal sample, and the recovery area is used to place the recovered sample.

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