Optical system, display device, and vehicle

Abstract

This application discloses an optical system, a display device, and a vehicle. The optical system includes a light source assembly and a light deflection assembly. The light deflection assembly includes a first polarizing beam splitter, a quarter-wave plate, and a first reflector. The quarter-wave plate and the first reflector are positioned opposite the incident surface of the first polarizing beam splitter. The quarter-wave plate is located between the incident surface of the first reflector and the first polarizing beam splitter. The first polarizing beam splitter is configured to transmit first polarized light and reflect second polarized light. The polarization angle difference between the first and second polarized light is 90°. The light source assembly emits light towards the incident surface of the first polarizing beam splitter. The second polarized light emitted from the first polarizing beam splitter is converted back into first polarized light after passing through the quarter-wave plate and the first reflector. Thus, both the first and second polarized light separated from the light emitted by the light source assembly can ultimately be utilized by the chip, thereby improving the energy utilization rate of the optical system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, and more specifically, to an optical system, display device, and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCOS) chips are a type of reflective liquid crystal display chip that controls the image by flipping the polarization direction of incident light through liquid crystal molecules. The chip can only use light in one polarization direction, while the light source typically emits natural light. Therefore, a polarizing beam splitter is placed between the light source and the chip to separate the light and direct the separated light into the chip. However, at least half of the energy is lost when switching from natural light to light with a specific polarization state, resulting in a relatively low overall energy efficiency for the LCOS system. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides an optical system, a display device, and a vehicle.

[0004] The optical system provided in this application includes a light source assembly and a light deflection assembly. The light deflection assembly includes a first polarizing beam splitter, a quarter-wave plate, and a first reflector. The quarter-wave plate and the first reflector are disposed opposite to the incident surface of the first polarizing beam splitter. The quarter-wave plate is located between the incident surface of the first reflector and the first polarizing beam splitter. The first polarizing beam splitter is configured to transmit first polarized light and reflect second polarized light. The polarization angle difference between the first polarized light and the second polarized light is 90°. The light source assembly emits light towards the incident surface of the first polarizing beam splitter.

[0005] In some embodiments, the optical system further includes an optical path adjuster, with the quarter-wave plate located between the optical path adjuster and the first reflector, the optical path adjuster including at least a reflective structure configured to reflect light in a direction away from the light source assembly.

[0006] In some embodiments, the optical path adjustment element includes a reflecting prism into which the second polarized light is incident, and the reflecting prism includes a reflective layer of a reflective structure.

[0007] In some embodiments, the incident surface of the reflecting prism is curved.

[0008] In some embodiments, the optical path adjustment component includes a second polarization beam splitter, the quarter-wave plate is located between the first reflector and the second polarization beam splitter; the second polarization beam splitter is located between the first polarization beam splitter and the quarter-wave plate; the second polarization beam splitter is configured to transmit the second polarized light and reflect the first polarized light; the portion of the second polarization beam splitter that reflects the first polarized light is the reflective structure.

[0009] In some embodiments, the optical path adjustment component further includes a first lens located between the second polarizing beam splitter and the first polarizing beam splitter.

[0010] In some embodiments, the light source assembly includes multiple light sources and a dichroic mirror assembly. Each light source emits light of a different color. The multiple light sources are configured to emit light sequentially based on the same frame image. The light-emitting surfaces of the light sources are opposite to the dichroic mirror assembly, and the dichroic mirror assembly emits light towards the first polarizing beam splitter. The dichroic mirror assembly is configured to reflect a target light source and transmit light emitted by the other light sources in the light source assembly, excluding the target light source, so as to create light spots and beams from the multiple light sources. The target light source is any light source whose light-emitting surface does not face the first polarizing beam splitter.

[0011] In some embodiments, the dichroic mirror assembly includes a plurality of dichroic mirrors, each of which corresponds to a different target light source.

[0012] In some embodiments, the light source includes a first light source, a second light source, and a third light source. The light-emitting surface of the first light source faces the first polarizing beam splitter, and the light-emitting surfaces of the second and third light sources are opposite to each other and neither faces the first polarizing beam splitter. The dichroic mirror assembly includes a first dichroic mirror and a second dichroic mirror, which are arranged intersectingly. The target light source of the first dichroic mirror is the second light source, and the target light source of the second dichroic mirror is the third light source.

[0013] In some embodiments, a second lens, which is a convex lens, is further provided between the dichroic mirror assembly and the first polarizing beam splitter.

[0014] In some embodiments, the optical system further includes a plurality of collimating components, each corresponding to a light source and located between the corresponding light source and the dichroic mirror corresponding to the light source. Each collimating component includes at least one convex lens, wherein at least one side of the convex lens facing away from the light source is convex.

[0015] In some embodiments, the collimation assembly includes a third lens and a fourth lens, wherein the third lens is a plano-convex lens and the fourth lens is a biconvex lens, and the third lens is located between the fourth lens and the light source.

[0016] In some embodiments, the optical system further includes a fifth lens, wherein the first polarizing beam splitter and the optical path adjustment member emit first polarized light toward the incident surface of the fifth lens.

[0017] In some embodiments, the optical axis center of the fifth lens coincides with the center of the converging optical path, which is formed by converging the optical path of the first polarized light transmitted through the first polarizing beam splitter and the optical path of the first polarized light emitted from the optical path adjustment member.

[0018] In some embodiments, the optical system further includes a light homogenizer, which includes a reflective portion, and the fifth lens emits light toward the incident surface of the light homogenizer.

[0019] In some embodiments, the optical extension of the light homogenizer is greater than the optical extension of the light source assembly, but less than the optical extension of the chip connected to the optical system.

[0020] In some embodiments, the light-diffusing element includes a solid glass rod and a hollow glass rod.

[0021] In some embodiments, the optical system further includes a relay shaping assembly comprising a plurality of lenses, the incident surface of the relay shaping assembly corresponding to the exit surface of the beam homogenizer, and the relay shaping assembly being configured to adjust the spatial and angular distribution of the incident light rays to match the chip connected to the optical system.

[0022] In some embodiments, the relay shaping assembly includes a sixth lens, a seventh lens, an eighth lens, and a second reflector, wherein the sixth lens is located between the second reflector and the homogenizer, the second reflector is located between the sixth lens and the seventh lens, and the seventh lens is located between the sixth lens and the eighth lens.

[0023] In some embodiments, the optical system further includes a third polarization beam splitter, the incident surface of which corresponds to the exit surface of the relay shaping component, the third polarization beam splitter being configured to transmit second polarized light and reflect first polarized light, the third polarization beam splitter reflecting the first polarized light toward a chip connected to the optical system.

[0024] In some embodiments, the optical system further includes a phase compensation element located between the third polarization beam splitter and the chip.

[0025] The display device provided in this application includes a chip and an optical system as described in any of the above embodiments. The chip is configured to receive and control first polarized light emitted by the optical system to twist the first polarized light into second polarized light and emit the second polarized light.

[0026] In some embodiments, the display device further includes an imaging module, which includes at least an imaging element configured to receive second polarized light emitted from the chip to form an image.

[0027] In some embodiments, the imaging module further includes an imaging lens assembly comprising a plurality of lenses, the imaging lens assembly being located between the imaging element and the chip.

[0028] In some embodiments, the display device further includes a polarizer located between the imaging lens assembly and the chip.

[0029] In some embodiments, the display device is a head-up display.

[0030] The vehicle provided in this application includes the display device described in any of the above embodiments.

[0031] In the optical system, display device, and vehicle of this application, the optical system includes a light source assembly and a light deflection assembly. The light deflection assembly includes a first polarizing beam splitter, a quarter-wave plate, and a first reflector. The first polarizing beam splitter separates the light emitted from the light source assembly into first polarized light and second polarized light. The first polarizing beam splitter transmits the first polarized light, and the first polarized light emitted from the first polarizing beam splitter can be directly used by the chip of the display device. The second polarized light emitted from the first polarizing beam splitter, after passing through the quarter-wave plate and the first reflector, can be converted back into first polarized light, and the first polarized light emitted from the quarter-wave plate can also be used by the chip. Thus, both the first polarized light and the second polarized light separated from the light emitted from the light source assembly can ultimately be utilized by the chip, thereby improving the energy utilization rate of the optical system.

[0032] Additional aspects and advantages of embodiments of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an existing optical system; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure and optical path of an existing optical system; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and optical path of a display device according to certain embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and optical path of a display device according to other embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle module according to certain embodiments of this application.

[0034] Explanation of key component symbols: 1000, vehicles; 100. Display devices; 10. Optical system; 20. Chip; 11. Light source assembly; 111. First light source; 112. Second light source; 113. Third light source; 114. Dichroic mirror assembly; 1141. First dichroic mirror; 1142. Second dichroic mirror; 12. Light deflection assembly; 121. First polarizing beam splitter; 122. Quarter wave plate; 123. First reflector; 13. Optical path adjustment component; 131. Reflecting prism; 1311. Reflective layer; 1312. Incident surface; 132. Second polarizing beam splitter; 133. First lens; 14. Second lens; 15. Collimation assembly; 151. Third lens; 152. Fourth lens; 16. Fifth lens; 17. Beam homogenizer; 18. Relay shaping assembly; 181. Sixth lens; 182. Seventh lens; 183. Eighth lens; 184. Second reflector; 19. Third polarizing beam splitter; 30. Imaging module; 31. Imaging component; 32. Imaging lens assembly; 33. Polarizing component. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the embodiments of this application, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application.

[0036] Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCOS) chips are a type of reflective liquid crystal display chip that controls the image by flipping the polarization direction of incident light through liquid crystal molecules. In Head-Up Display (HUD) systems, due to the significant potential for cost reduction in LCOS chips and their lack of patent restrictions from other countries, they are gradually becoming an emerging alternative to Digital Light Processing (DLP) chips. Currently, LCOS is used in the optical engine solutions of HUDs in various ways, such as... Figure 1 The LCOS system includes a light source, a light energy harvesting module, a light homogenization module, a light shaping module, a chip, and an imaging system.

[0037] Taking a single-wavelength LED light as an example, after the light originates from the light source, its energy is relatively dispersed due to its large divergence angle. Therefore, it needs to pass through a light energy harvesting module (also called a collimating optical path). The essence of the light energy harvesting process is: the light emitted from a light source with a small emitting surface and a large divergence angle is transformed into a state of a large light spot with a small divergence angle. The light after passing through the light energy harvesting module enters the light homogenization module. The light homogenization module homogenizes the angle / surface distribution of the received light spot. The light shaping module integrates the homogenized light spot size, shape, and angle distribution before illuminating the imaging chip. The chip manipulates the incident light, and then the imaging system forms an image. The specific optical path diagram is shown below. Figure 2 As shown by the gray arrow.

[0038] A significant problem exists throughout the entire process: the chip can only use light rays in one polarization direction. Light rays are separated into different polarization states by a polarizing beam splitter. Assuming the beam splitter reflects S-polarized light and transmits P-polarized light, the reflected S-polarized light illuminates the LCOS (Liquid Crystal System) chip. The LCOS chip then reverses the polarization state of the S-polarized light, allowing it to pass through the PBS (Polarization Particulate Surface) and project an image into the imaging system. Therefore, the light incident on the PBS must be polarized to distinguish between different polarization states. Since the light emitted by the LED light source is natural light, at least half of the energy is lost when converting from natural light to S-polarized light, resulting in low overall energy efficiency for the LCOS system.

[0039] To resolve the above issues, please refer to Figure 3 The display device 100 provided in this application includes a chip 20 and an optical system 10. The chip 20 is configured to receive and control first polarized light emitted by the optical system 10 to twist the first polarized light into second polarized light and emit the second polarized light.

[0040] Specifically, display device 100 refers to a hardware device capable of converting electronic signals, digital data, or other forms of input information into visually perceptible images, such as a head-up display (HUD). A head-up display, also known as a head-up display system, is a driver-centric, blind-operated, multi-functional instrument panel. Its function is to project important driving information such as speed and navigation onto the windshield in front of the driver, allowing the driver to see this information without looking down or turning their head.

[0041] The chip 20 in the display device 100 can receive and control light from specific directions to achieve different display effects. For example, by controlling the alignment of liquid crystal molecules with an electric field, the polarization direction of the reflected light is modulated to generate an image. The chip 20 can be an LCOS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon) chip, making the optical system 10 essentially an LCOS system.

[0042] Light rays can be classified into P-polarized light and S-polarized light based on their polarization direction, with a polarization angle difference of 90°. The polarization direction of P-polarized light is parallel to the plane of incidence (i.e., the plane formed by the ray and the interface normal), while the polarization direction of S-polarized light is perpendicular to the plane of incidence. The polarization angle difference between P-polarized and S-polarized light is 90°. The first polarized light is defined as the ray with the same polarization direction as required by chip 20. The first polarized light can be either P-polarized or S-polarized light, and the second polarized light can be the other, depending on the requirements of chip 20.

[0043] The optical system 10 can emit natural light and separate it into first polarized light and second polarized light. Then, the first polarized light required by the chip 20 is propagated to the chip 20, so that the chip 20 can receive and control the first polarized light emitted by the optical system 10 to twist the first polarized light into second polarized light and emit the second polarized light, so that the second polarized light can be input into the display screen to generate an image.

[0044] In some embodiments, the optical system 10 includes a light source assembly 11 and a light deflection assembly 12. The light deflection assembly 12 includes a first polarizing beam splitter 121, a quarter-wave plate 122, and a first reflector 123. The quarter-wave plate 122 and the first reflector 123 are disposed opposite to the incident surface of the first polarizing beam splitter 121. The quarter-wave plate 122 is located between the incident surface of the first reflector 123 and the first polarizing beam splitter 121. The first polarizing beam splitter 121 is configured to transmit first polarized light and reflect second polarized light. The polarization angle difference between the first polarized light and the second polarized light is 90°. The light source assembly 11 emits light towards the incident surface of the first polarizing beam splitter 121.

[0045] Specifically, the light source component 11 is a component capable of emitting natural light. For example, the light source in the light source component 11 is a light-emitting diode (LED), which is a fluorescently excited packaged light source with a large divergence angle.

[0046] Polarizing beam splitters, such as polarizing beam splitting films or polarizing beam splitting prisms, can separate light rays based on their polarization states through reflection and transmission. The prisms in polarizing beam splitters include, but are not limited to, the coating in the center of the prism or polarizing beam splitting gratings on an organic substrate; their form is not limited as long as they can separate light sources with different polarization states.

[0047] A reflector is a coating or structure capable of reflecting light. Its main function is to reduce light transmission and increase light reflection, thereby improving the efficiency and performance of the optical system 10. Reflectors can be implemented by depositing a thin metal film (such as aluminum, silver, gold, etc.) or a dielectric film on the surface of the optical element. The side of the reflector responsible for reflection can be a total internal reflection surface.

[0048] The quarter-wave plate 122 is a device that can generate a 1 / 4 wavelength phase difference between the two polarization components of a light wave. The polarization direction of the light is rotated by 45° after passing through the quarter-wave plate 122 once, and rotated by 90° after passing through the quarter-wave plate 122 twice. At this time, the polarization state of the light changes.

[0049] The quarter-wave plate 122 and the first reflector 123 are arranged opposite to the incident surface of the first polarizing beam splitter 121. The quarter-wave plate 122 is located between the incident surfaces of the first reflector 123 and the first polarizing beam splitter 121. The first polarizing beam splitter 121 is configured to transmit first polarized light and reflect second polarized light. The light source assembly 11 emits light towards the incident surface of the first polarizing beam splitter 121.

[0050] Therefore, the light emitted from the light source assembly 11 enters the first polarizing beam splitter 121, which separates the light emitted from the light source assembly 11. The light emitted from the first polarizing beam splitter 121 includes first polarized light and second polarized light. The first polarized light emitted from the first polarizing beam splitter 121 is directly projected onto the outside of the light deflection assembly 12, while the second polarized light emitted from the first polarizing beam splitter 121 is reflected by the first polarizing beam splitter 121 into the quarter-wave plate 122. At this time, the polarization angle of the second polarized light rotates by 45°, and this light is defined as the third polarized light. The third polarized light emitted from the quarter-wave plate 122 enters the first reflector 123, which reflects the light back to the quarter-wave plate 122. The polarization angle of the third polarized light rotates by 45° again, and the light is now adjusted to be first polarized light. Therefore, the light ultimately emitted from the quarter-wave plate 122 is first polarized light. The specific optical path is as follows: Figure 3 As shown by the gray arrow.

[0051] In this way, the optical system 10 can separate the second polarized light from the natural light emitted by the light source component 11, which is unusable by the chip 20, and use the light deflection component 12 to reverse its polarization state, so that the second polarized light becomes first polarized light, which is beneficial for reuse. Subsequently, the first polarized light emitted from the first polarization beam splitter 121 and the first polarized light converted from the second polarized light emitted from the light deflection component 12 can be propagated into the chip 20, thereby improving the utilization rate of the light emitted by the light source component 11 by the optical system 10, that is, improving the overall energy utilization rate of the optical system 10.

[0052] Unlike the conventional LED+LCOS solution, which uses a linear polarizer to filter out 50% of the light and the unused light energy is directly absorbed and cannot be reused, the optical system 10 of this application can recover and reuse the second polarized light that the chip cannot use, thereby improving the overall energy utilization rate of the LED optical path.

[0053] The optical system 10 of this embodiment includes a light source assembly 11 and a light deflection assembly 12. The light deflection assembly 12 includes a first polarization beam splitter 121, a quarter-wave plate 122, and a first reflector 123. The first polarization beam splitter 121 can separate the light emitted from the light source assembly 11 into first polarized light and second polarized light. The first polarization beam splitter 121 transmits the first polarized light, and the first polarized light emitted from the first polarization beam splitter 121 can be directly used by the chip 20 of the display device 100. The second polarized light emitted from the first polarization beam splitter 121, after passing through the quarter-wave plate 122 and the first reflector 123, can be converted into first polarized light, and the first polarized light emitted from the quarter-wave plate 122 can also be used by the chip 20. In this way, the first polarized light and the second polarized light separated from the light emitted from the light source assembly 11 can both be used by the chip 20, thereby improving the energy utilization rate of the optical system 10.

[0054] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the optical system 10 further includes an optical path adjustment member 13, a quarter-wave plate 122 located between the optical path adjustment member 13 and the first reflector 123, the optical path adjustment member 13 including at least a reflective structure configured to reflect light along a direction away from the light source assembly 11.

[0055] Specifically, the quarter-wave plate 122 is located between the optical path adjustment member 13 and the first reflector 123, and the optical path adjustment member 13 includes at least a reflective structure. When the quarter-wave plate 122 emits first polarized light converted from second polarized light, the first polarized light can be reflected by the reflective structure in the optical path adjustment member 13. The reflective structure is configured to reflect light along a direction away from the light source assembly 11, for example, along the direction in which the first polarized light passes through the first polarizing beam splitter 121. The distance between the reflective structure and the quarter-wave plate 122 gradually increases, so that the light reflected by the reflective structure has a roughly the same optical path as the first polarized light transmitted through the first polarizing beam splitter 121, i.e., the angle between the two optical paths is small, thereby unifying the optical paths of the two first polarized lights.

[0056] When the second polarized light reflected by the first polarizing beam splitter 121 passes sequentially through the quarter-wave plate 122, the first reflector 123, and the quarter-wave plate 122, the quarter-wave plate 122 will eventually emit the first polarized light towards the optical path adjustment member 13. After the first polarized light emitted from the quarter-wave plate 122 is reflected by the reflective structure, the optical path of the first polarized light emitted from the quarter-wave plate 122 will be adjusted to be approximately the same as the propagation direction of the first polarized light transmitted by the first polarizing beam splitter 121, and both propagation directions will be away from the light source.

[0057] In this way, the optical path adjustment component 13 can be used to unify the optical paths of the first polarized light emitted from the quarter-wave plate and the first polarized light transmitted by the first polarization beam splitter 121, thereby facilitating the subsequent simultaneous introduction of the first polarized light emitted from the quarter-wave plate and the first polarized light transmitted by the first polarization beam splitter 121 into the chip 20.

[0058] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the optical path adjustment member 13 includes a reflecting prism 131, into which second polarized light enters. The reflecting prism 131 includes a reflecting layer 1311 with a reflective structure.

[0059] Specifically, the optical path adjustment component 13 can be a prism with a reflective layer 1311, i.e., a reflecting prism 131. The reflective layer 1311 is a reflective structure, and it can be a total internal reflection surface. The reflective layer 1311 reflects light in a direction away from the light source assembly 11. For example, along the direction in which the first polarized light passes through the first polarizing beam splitter 121, the distance between the reflective structure and the quarter-wave plate 122 gradually increases. After the light enters the reflecting prism 131, it will be reflected by the reflective layer 1311 to change the optical path, thereby unifying the optical paths of the first polarized light emitted from the quarter-wave plate 122 and the first polarized light transmitted through the first polarizing beam splitter 121.

[0060] Further, please refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments, the incident surface 1312 of the reflecting prism 131 is a curved surface.

[0061] Specifically, the light rays incident on the reflecting prism 131 need to pass through a curved surface to reach the reflecting layer 1311. The curved surface can integrate the angular spot distribution of light propagating over long distances, avoiding excessive divergence. At the same time, the curved surface and the reflecting layer 1311 are integral, forming the reflecting prism 131, which makes the overall optical path structure more compact. In this way, the light rays incident on the reflecting lens can be integrated through the curved surface, ensuring that the light rays emitted from the reflecting lens can be more concentrated, which is beneficial for subsequent use of the light rays emitted from the reflecting lens.

[0062] Please see Figure 4 In some embodiments, the optical path adjustment component 13 further includes a second polarization beam splitter 132, with a quarter-wave plate 122 located between the first reflector 123 and the second polarization beam splitter 132; the second polarization beam splitter 132 is located between the first polarization beam splitter 121 and the quarter-wave plate 122; the second polarization beam splitter 132 is configured to transmit second polarized light and reflect first polarized light; the portion of the second polarization beam splitter 132 that reflects the first polarized light is a reflective structure.

[0063] Specifically, the second polarizing beam splitter 132 is configured to transmit second polarized light and reflect first polarized light. Therefore, the structure in the second polarizing beam splitter 132 responsible for reflecting the first polarized light is a reflecting structure. The second polarizing beam splitter 132 is configured to reflect light along a direction away from the light source assembly 11. For example, along the direction in which the first polarized light passes through the first polarizing beam splitter 121, the distance between the second polarizing beam splitter 132 and the quarter-wave plate 122 gradually increases.

[0064] From left to right, the optical path adjustment component 13 and the light deflection assembly 12 are respectively a first polarizing beam splitter 121, a second polarizing beam splitter 132, a quarter-wave plate 122, and a first reflector 123. The second polarized light reflected by the first polarizing beam splitter 121 enters the second polarizing beam splitter 132. Since the second polarizing beam splitter 132 is configured to transmit the second polarized light and reflect the first polarized light, the second polarized light directly passes through the second polarizing beam splitter 132, successively passing through the quarter-wave plate 122 and the first reflector 123, and then back through the quarter-wave plate 122. At this point, the light is converted from second polarized light to first polarized light. The first polarized light emitted from the quarter-wave plate 122 moves towards the second polarizing beam splitter 132 and is reflected by it. The propagation direction of the first polarized light reflected by the second polarizing beam splitter 132 is away from the light source and is approximately the same as the propagation direction of the first polarized light transmitted by the first polarizing beam splitter 121.

[0065] In this way, the optical path of the first polarized light emitted from the quarter-wave plate 122 can be adjusted by using the second polarizing beam splitter 132, thereby unifying the optical paths of the first polarized light emitted from the quarter-wave plate 122 and the first polarized light transmitted by the first polarizing beam splitter 121.

[0066] Please see Figure 4 In some embodiments, the optical path adjustment member 13 further includes a first lens 133, which is located between the second polarizing beam splitter 132 and the first polarizing beam splitter 121.

[0067] Specifically, the first lens 133 is a convex lens. A convex lens is a lens that is thicker in the middle and thinner at the edges, and there are three common types: biconvex, plano-convex, and concave-convex. Due to the curved shape of the convex lens, the incident angle of light rays at different positions is different, but the direction of refraction all tends towards the focal point (as shown in the figure). The light rays at the edges are deflected at a larger angle and eventually converge with the light rays at the center. In some embodiments, the first lens 133 is a biconvex lens.

[0068] From left to right, the optical path adjustment component 13 and the light deflection assembly 12 are respectively a first polarizing beam splitter 121, a first lens 133, a second polarizing beam splitter 132, a quarter-wave plate 122, and a first reflector 123. The second polarized light reflected by the first polarizing beam splitter 121 enters the first lens 133, whereby the first lens 133 can converge the light. The second polarized light emitted from the first lens 133 enters the second polarizing beam splitter 132. The specific optical path is as follows... Figure 4 As shown by the gray arrow. In this way, the first lens 133 can be used to converge the second polarized light reflected from the first polarizing beam splitter 121, so that the light incident on the second polarizing beam splitter 132 is more concentrated, which is beneficial to improving the polarization beam splitting efficiency of the second polarizing beam splitter 132.

[0069] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the light source assembly 11 includes multiple light sources and a dichroic mirror assembly 114. Each light source emits light of a different color. The multiple light sources are configured to emit light sequentially based on the same frame image. The light-emitting surface of the light source is opposite to the dichroic mirror assembly 114. The dichroic mirror assembly 114 emits light toward the first polarizing beam splitter 121. The dichroic mirror assembly 114 is configured to reflect the target light source and transmit the light emitted by the other light sources in the light source assembly 11 except for the target light source, so that the light spots of the multiple light sources and the light source are mixed. The target light source is any light source whose light-emitting surface does not face the first polarizing beam splitter 121.

[0070] Specifically, the light source assembly 11 includes multiple light sources, each emitting a different color of light. For example, one light source emits red light, another emits blue light, and yet another emits yellow light. Simultaneously, the multiple light sources are configured to emit light sequentially based on the same frame of an image. That is, when the display device 100 needs to display a particular frame of an image, the multiple light sources emit light sequentially; when the display device 100 needs to display the next frame of an image, the multiple light sources emit light sequentially again. It should be noted that the optical system 10 controls the multiple light sources to emit light sequentially at high speed. In this way, utilizing the persistence of vision effect of the human eye, the various light sources can be illuminated in turn at an extremely high frequency, mixing in time to form color, thus ensuring that each frame of an image ultimately seen by the user is a color image.

[0071] The working principle of a dichroic mirror is mainly based on the interference and reflection of light. A light source emits light towards the corresponding dichroic mirror. When the light hits the mirror, some of it is reflected and some is transmitted. The ratio of these two portions depends on the wavelength of the light and the design of the dichroic mirror. By setting up the dichroic mirror assembly 114, the light spots from multiple light sources can be combined. The "combination" condition is that at least one of the surface distribution or angular distribution of the light spots from each light source after passing through the dichroic mirror coincides or has a tendency to coincide. This coincidence does not mean that the light spots from each light source will actually coincide at a certain moment, but rather that the areas where the light spots from each light source are located roughly coincide.

[0072] The light-emitting surface of the light source faces the dichroic mirror assembly 114, which emits light towards the first polarizing beam splitter 121. The dichroic mirror assembly 114 is configured to reflect the target light source and transmit light from all other light sources in the light source assembly 11 except the target light source, which is any light source whose emitting surface does not face the first polarizing beam splitter 121. Therefore, light emitted from light sources whose emitting surfaces face the first polarizing beam splitter 121 can directly pass through the dichroic mirror assembly 114, while light sources whose emitting surfaces do not face the first polarizing beam splitter 121 will be reflected by the dichroic mirror assembly 114, ensuring that light emitted from all light sources ultimately enters the first polarizing beam splitter 121.

[0073] Thus, when there are multiple light sources, the light path of the light source whose light-emitting surface does not face the first polarizing beam splitter 121 can be changed by using a combination of dichroic mirrors, ensuring that the light emitted from each light source can eventually enter the first polarizing beam splitter 121.

[0074] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the dichroic mirror assembly 114 includes a plurality of dichroic mirrors, each of which corresponds to a different target light source.

[0075] Specifically, the light that can be transmitted and reflected by the dichroic mirror can be determined based on the positional relationship between the dichroic mirror and each light source. Among the transmitted light, there must be light from the light source whose emitting surface is facing the first polarizing beam splitter 121.

[0076] The target light source is a dichroic mirror that can reflect the light emitted by it and guide the reflected light into the light source of the first polarizing beam splitter 121. Along the direction in which the light emitted from the light source towards the first polarizing beam splitter 121 passes through the dichroic mirror, the distance between the dichroic mirror and the target light source gradually increases, so that the light emitted from the target light source can propagate towards the first polarizing beam splitter 121 after being reflected by the dichroic mirror.

[0077] The light emitted by the target light source is reflected by the dichroic mirror and propagates towards the first polarizing beam splitter 121. Other light sources besides the target light source pass directly through the dichroic mirror. Specifically, light emitted from light sources whose emitting surfaces face the first polarizing beam splitter 121 can pass directly through the dichroic mirror and enter the first polarizing beam splitter 121, while light emitted from light sources whose emitting surfaces do not face the first polarizing beam splitter 121 is reflected by their corresponding dichroic mirrors and thus enters the first polarizing beam splitter 121.

[0078] In one embodiment, the light source includes a first light source 111, a second light source 112, and a third light source 113. The light-emitting surface of the first light source 111 faces the first polarizing beam splitter 121, while the light-emitting surfaces of the second light source 112 and the third light source 113 are opposite each other and neither faces the first polarizing beam splitter 121. For example, the first light source 111 emits red light, the second light source 112 emits green light, and the third light source 113 emits blue light.

[0079] The dichroic mirror assembly 114 includes a first dichroic mirror 1141 and a second dichroic mirror 1142, which are arranged alternately. The target light source of the first dichroic mirror 1141 is the second light source 112, and the remaining light sources are the first light source 111 and the third light source 113. The target light source of the second dichroic mirror 1142 is the third light source 113, and the remaining light sources are the first light source 111 and the second light source 112. That is, the first dichroic mirror 1141 is configured to transmit light emitted from the first light source 111 and the third light source 113 and reflect light emitted from the second light source 112, and the second dichroic mirror 1142 is configured to transmit light emitted from the first light source 111 and the second light source 112 and reflect light emitted from the third light source 113. Along the direction in which the light emitted from the first light source 111 passes through the first dichroic mirror 1141, the distance between the first dichroic mirror 1141 and the second light source 112 gradually increases, and the distance between the second dichroic mirror 1142 and the third light source 113 gradually increases.

[0080] The light emitted by the first light source 111 can pass directly through the first dichroic mirror 1141 and the second dichroic mirror 1142 and be incident on the first polarizing beam splitter 121. The light emitted by the second light source 112 can be reflected by the first dichroic mirror 1141 into the first polarizing beam splitter 121, and the light emitted by the third light source 113 can be reflected by the second dichroic mirror 1142 into the first polarizing beam splitter 121. It should be noted that the second light source 112 has a large divergence angle. The first dichroic mirror 1141 and the second dichroic mirror 1142 are interleaved. Therefore, some of the light emitted by the second light source 112 will be directly reflected by the first dichroic mirror 1141 to the first polarizing beam splitter 121. Some light will first pass through the second dichroic mirror 1142. Since the second light source 112 is not the target light source of the second dichroic mirror 1142, the light will then pass directly through the second dichroic mirror 1142 before reaching the first dichroic mirror 1141 and being reflected by it to the first polarizing beam splitter 121. The same applies to the light emitted by the third light source 113.

[0081] Thus, under the action of the dichroic mirror assembly 114, light emitted from light-emitting surfaces facing different light sources can be incident into the first polarizing beam splitter 121.

[0082] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, a second lens 14 is further provided between the dichroic mirror assembly 114 and the first polarizing beam splitter 121. The second lens 14 is a convex lens. Specifically, in some embodiments, the second lens 14 can be of three types: biconvex, plano-convex, and concave-convex, preferably a biconvex convex lens. The arrangement of the second lens 14 can converge the light emitted from the dichroic mirror, avoiding the situation where the light emitted from the light source is too long before entering the first polarizing beam splitter 121, resulting in a relatively dispersed light entering the first polarizing beam splitter 121. This ensures that the light entering the first polarizing beam splitter 121 is more concentrated, which is beneficial to improving the polarization beam splitting efficiency of the first polarizing beam splitter 121, and also helps to simplify subsequent optical design.

[0083] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the optical system 10 further includes a plurality of collimation components 15, each corresponding to a light source and located between the corresponding light source and the dichroic mirror corresponding to the light source. Each collimation component 15 includes at least one convex lens, wherein at least one side of the convex lens facing away from the light source is convex.

[0084] Specifically, the collimation component 15 is located between the corresponding light source and the dichroic mirror corresponding to the light source. After the light emitted by the light source is collected by the collimation component 15, the light of different colors passes through the dichroic mirror and then enters the first polarizing beam splitter 121.

[0085] The collimating component 15 includes at least one convex lens, such as one, two, or five convex lenses. At least one side of the convex lens facing away from the light source is convex, while the side facing the light source can be flat, convex, or concave. The convex surface of the convex lens allows light emitted from the light source to first pass through the collimating component 15 and be refracted by the convex lens therein, thus converging the light and collecting energy. Essentially, the energy collection process transforms light emitted from a light source with a small emitting surface and a large divergence angle into light with a small divergence angle and a large light spot. In this way, the collimating component 15 can be used to reduce the divergence angle of the light, ensuring that the light passing through the collimating component 15 can smoothly enter the dichroic mirror.

[0086] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the collimation assembly 15 includes a third lens 151 and a fourth lens 152, wherein the third lens 151 is a plano-convex lens and the fourth lens 152 is a biconvex lens, and the third lens 151 is located between the fourth lens 152 and the light source.

[0087] Specifically, the third lens 151 is a plano-convex lens, meaning one side is a plane and the other side is a convex spherical surface, with the plane side facing the light source. The fourth lens 152 is a biconvex lens, meaning both sides are convex spherical surfaces.

[0088] The emitted light first passes through the plane of the third lens 151 (without refraction), and then is refracted by the convex surface of the third lens 151. At this time, unilateral refraction can reduce spherical aberration and simultaneously perform preliminary collimation of the light source, reducing the beam divergence angle. The light emitted from the third lens 151 enters the fourth lens 152. After receiving the pre-collimated beam from the third lens 151, the fourth lens 152 further corrects aberrations through symmetrical refraction on both sides. At this time, the biconvex structure of the fourth lens 152 can compensate for the unilateral aberration residue of the plano-convex lens, and the symmetrical optical path makes the peripheral rays more parallel to the central rays, thereby improving collimation uniformity.

[0089] Thus, the third lens 151, which is a plano-convex lens, and the fourth lens 152, which is a biconvex lens, in the collimation assembly 15 can ensure that the collimated beam output by the collimation assembly 15 has a flatter wavefront and a smaller divergence angle.

[0090] Please see Figure 3In some embodiments, the optical system 10 further includes a fifth lens 16, which can be of three types: biconvex, plano-convex, and concave-convex, preferably a biconvex lens. The first polarizing beam splitter 121 and the optical path adjustment member 13 emit first polarized light toward the incident surface of the fifth lens 16. The fifth lens 16 can be configured according to the optical path of the first polarized light corresponding to the first polarizing beam splitter 121 and the optical path adjustment member 13, ensuring that the first polarized light emitted by both can enter the fifth lens 16. It can be understood that the fifth lens 16 is relatively large in this case. Thus, the light emitted from both the first polarizing beam splitter 121 and the optical path adjustment member 13 will pass through the fifth lens 16 to converge the light emitted from both components, facilitating the propagation of the converged light into the chip 20.

[0091] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the optical axis center of the fifth lens 16 coincides with the center of the converging optical path, which is formed by converging the optical path of the first polarized light transmitted through the first polarizing beam splitter 121 and the optical path of the first polarized light emitted from the optical path adjustment member 13.

[0092] Specifically, the converging optical path of the first polarizing beam splitter 121 and the optical path adjusting member 13 refers to the optical path formed by the convergence of the light path of the light passing through the first polarizing beam splitter 121 and the light path of the light passing through the optical path adjusting member 13. It can be understood that the converging optical path includes at least the optical path in front of the fifth lens 16 and the optical path after entering the fifth lens 16.

[0093] The optical system 10 contains two paths of first polarized light: one transmitted by the first polarization beam splitter 121, and the other emitted by the optical path adjustment component 13. If the center of the fifth lens 16 coincides with the center of either of the two paths of the first polarized light, the converging effect of the fifth lens 16 on the other will be poor. Therefore, the fifth lens 16 needs to be offset, meaning its optical axis center does not coincide with the center of either of the paths of the first polarized light, but rather with the converging optical path formed by the convergence of the two first polarized light beams. This optical path can be understood as an offset optical path, not coinciding with the center of either of the paths of the first polarized light beams. It should be noted that "coinciding" refers to approximate or complete coincidence.

[0094] In this way, it can be ensured that the fifth lens 16 can simultaneously and well converge the light emitted from the first polarizing beam splitter 121 and the optical path adjustment component 13, thereby facilitating the improvement of the converging effect of the fifth lens 16.

[0095] Please see Figure 3In some embodiments, the optical system 10 further includes a light homogenizer 17, which includes a reflective portion, and a fifth lens 16 emits light toward the incident surface of the light homogenizer 17.

[0096] Specifically, the beam homogenizer 17 is an optical element used to convert a beam of light with a non-uniform intensity distribution into a beam of light with a uniform intensity distribution. The beam homogenizer 17 includes a reflective part, on which light can be reflected multiple times, thereby achieving homogenization.

[0097] For example, the light homogenizer 17 includes a solid glass rod and a hollow glass rod. The solid glass rod is an optical element that achieves light homogenization through a combination of total internal reflection and optical path mixing; its smooth sidewalls forming a total internal reflection interface can be considered as a reflective portion. The hollow glass rod is an optical element that achieves multiple reflections of light through a high-reflectivity film on its inner wall (i.e., a reflective portion), thereby homogenizing the light intensity distribution. In some embodiments, the exit surface of the light homogenizer 17 is small; for example, both the solid and hollow glass rods can be small-diameter square glass rods. After light enters the light homogenizer 17, it undergoes multiple reflections within a small area, achieving homogenization. Simultaneously, it allows the light emitted from the light homogenizer 17 to be more concentrated, which is beneficial for subsequent optical design.

[0098] In some embodiments, the optical expansion of the homogenizer 17 is greater than that of the light source assembly 11, but less than that of the chip 20 connected to the optical system 10. Optical expansion is a physical quantity describing the spatial and angular distribution of the light beam in the optical system 10; it comprehensively reflects the size of the light beam in space and the range of its propagation direction. Simply put, optical expansion measures the "space-angle" volume occupied by the light beam during propagation. Specifically, the optical expansion of the homogenizer 17 can be slightly greater than that of the light source assembly 11, and slightly less than that of the chip 20 connected to the optical system 10. This ensures that the light emitted by the light source assembly 11 can be smoothly received and homogenized by the homogenizer 17, and that the light emitted by the homogenizer 17 can be smoothly received by the chip 20, thereby improving light utilization. It should be noted that the optical expansion of the light homogenizer 17 is greater than that of the light source assembly 11, but less than that of the chip 20 connected to the optical system 10 under ideal conditions. In actual use, the optical expansion of the light homogenizer 17 can also be slightly greater than that of the chip 20 connected to the optical system 10. At this time, the light homogenization effect is also better, but the light utilization rate will decrease.

[0099] Thus, the optical system 10 can also improve the uniformity of the light output by the light homogenizer 17, thereby improving the display effect of the display device 100. At the same time, the fifth lens 16 ensures that light can smoothly enter the light homogenizer 17, especially when the incident surface of the light homogenizer 17 is small, the fifth lens 16 can ensure that all light rays can enter the light homogenizer 17.

[0100] In summary, before the homogenizer 17, the optical system 10 can split light of different polarization states, separate the unusable second polarized light, reverse its polarization state, and refocus it through the fifth lens 16 for use, thereby significantly improving the light energy utilization rate of the optical system 10 of this application.

[0101] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the optical system 10 further includes a relay shaping assembly 18, which includes a plurality of lenses. The incident surface of the relay shaping assembly 18 corresponds to the exit surface of the light homogenizer 17. The relay shaping assembly 18 is configured to adjust the spatial and angular distribution of the incident light to match the chip 20 connected to the optical system 10.

[0102] Specifically, the relay shaping component 18 is the core module for optical path transmission and beam control. By changing the spatial distribution, angular distribution, and energy distribution of the beam, it achieves precise control and optimized adaptation of the beam during transmission. The relay shaping component 18 includes multiple lenses. The incident surface of the relay shaping component 18 corresponds to the exit surface of the beam homogenizer 17. That is, the incident surface of the lens closest to the exit surface of the beam homogenizer 17 corresponds to the exit surface of the beam homogenizer 17, so that the light emitted from the beam homogenizer 17 can enter the lens closest to the exit surface of the beam homogenizer 17.

[0103] The relay shaping assembly 18 includes multiple lenses, such as two, three, or four lenses. It may also include a reflector to alter the optical path and reduce its size. In one embodiment, the relay shaping assembly 18 includes a sixth lens 181, a seventh lens 182, an eighth lens 183, and a second reflector 184. The sixth lens 181 is located between the second reflector 184 and the light-diffusing element 17. The second reflector 184 is located between the sixth lens 181 and the seventh lens 182, and the seventh lens 182 is located between the sixth lens 181 and the eighth lens 183. This ensures that the light ultimately incident on the chip 20 meets its requirements.

[0104] The parameters of the relay shaping component 18, such as the parameters of each lens (e.g., focal length) and the placement of each lens in the relay shaping component 18, can affect the shaping effect of the relay shaping component 18. At this time, it is necessary to adjust the parameters of the relay shaping component 18 according to the requirements of the chip 20 so that the relay shaping component 18 can adjust the spatial distribution and angular distribution of the incident light to match the chip 20 connected to the optical system 10, thereby making the spatial distribution and angular distribution of the light emitted by the relay shaping component 18 match the chip 20 connected to the optical system 10.

[0105] In this context, angular distribution refers to the angle at which light enters chip 20, while spatial distribution refers to the size and shape of the light spot formed when light enters chip 20. Angular distribution affects the aperture number; adjusting the angular distribution ensures that the aperture number of imaging module 30 is equal to or approximately the aperture number of chip 20, guaranteeing high image quality. The light emitted by chip 20 is imaged through imaging module 30. Aperture number is a dimensionless parameter used to describe the light intake characteristics of optical system 10 (such as a lens). The aperture number of imaging module 30 determines how much light the lens can receive, thus affecting exposure time and image signal-to-noise ratio. The aperture number of chip 20 describes the ability of illumination optical system 10 to focus light onto chip 20.

[0106] Spatial distribution refers to the matching of the size and shape of the light spot with the chip 20. If the light spot is too large, it will waste light; if the light spot is too small, it will cause a lack of light in some areas of the displayed image when the chip 20 controls the incident light according to the displayed image, resulting in the inability to display that part of the image. Therefore, adjusting the spatial distribution can ensure both high light utilization and the final display of a complete image. Specifically, matching the size of the light spot with the chip 20 means that for each single edge of the chip 20, the coverage area of ​​the light spot extends 0.1 mm or 0.15 mm beyond the edge of the chip 20.

[0107] In this way, the light can be shaped by setting the relay shaping component 18, so that the spatial distribution and angular distribution of the light emitted by the relay shaping component 18 match the chip 20 connected to the optical system 10, so as to ensure that the light finally incident on the chip 20 meets the requirements of the chip 20.

[0108] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the optical system 10 further includes a third polarization beam splitter 19, the incident surface of which corresponds to the exit surface of the relay shaping assembly 18. The third polarization beam splitter 19 is configured to transmit second polarized light and reflect first polarized light. The third polarization beam splitter 19 reflects the first polarized light toward the chip 20 connected to the optical system 10.

[0109] Specifically, the third polarization beam splitter 19 filters the light incident on the chip 20 to ensure that the light incident on the chip 20 meets the chip 20's requirements. The chip 20 twists the incident first polarized light into second polarized light, meaning that the light emitted from the chip 20 is second polarized light. Since the chip 20 receives and emits light from the same surface, the second polarized light emitted from the chip 20 can pass through the third polarization beam splitter 19 to form an image. Therefore, the third polarization beam splitter 19 also helps control the image displayed by the chip 20, ensuring that only the twisted second polarized light from the chip 20 can pass through the third polarization beam splitter 19 and form an image. Simultaneously, under the action of the third polarization beam splitter 19, the light paths of the first polarized light incident on the chip 20 and the second polarized light emitted from the chip 20 are different, which helps to achieve light path separation and ensures a clearer final image.

[0110] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the optical system 10 further includes a phase compensation element ( Figure 3 Not shown, please refer to Figure 2 (The phase compensation piece) is located between the third polarization beam splitter 19 and the chip 20.

[0111] Specifically, the phase compensation device can adjust the polarization angle of light. During the transmission of light to the chip 20, its polarization angle may change. At this time, the phase compensation device can adjust the polarization angle of the light incident on the chip 20, eliminate the polarization effect of light during transmission, and thus improve the quality and accuracy of optical imaging.

[0112] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the display device 100 further includes an imaging module 30, which includes at least an imaging element 31 configured to receive second polarized light emitted from the chip 20 to form an image.

[0113] Specifically, the imaging element 31 can be a uniform light imaging element 31. The second polarized light emitted from the chip 20 can reach the imaging element 31 and form an image on the imaging element 31. When the display device 100 is a head-up display device, a reflective component can also be provided behind the imaging element 31 to transmit the image on the imaging element 31 to the windshield of the vehicle 1000. In this way, the imaging element 31 can be used to carry the light emitted by the chip 20 to form a specific image.

[0114] Please see Figure 3In some embodiments, the imaging module 30 further includes an imaging lens assembly 32, which comprises multiple lenses and is located between the imaging element 31 and the chip 20. All lenses are convex lenses. The imaging lens assembly 32 can be a direct-projection imaging assembly. After light passes through the multiple lenses sequentially, the optical path of the second polarized light emitted from the chip 20 can be adjusted to magnify the final image on the imaging element 31, thereby facilitating user viewing.

[0115] For example, the imaging lens assembly 32 includes a collimating lens group, a relay lens group, a magnifying lens group, and a projection lens. When light exits the surface of the chip 20, it enters the collimating lens group. The collimating lens group utilizes its special curved surface shape to refract light rays at different incident angles, causing the light rays to propagate in a more uniform direction after passing through the lens, forming an approximately parallel beam. The collimated parallel beam then enters the relay lens group, where multiple lenses work together to further refract and focus the light. The light rays exiting the relay lens group enter the magnifying lens group, which typically consists of multiple lenses with different focal lengths and curvatures. These lenses, through a specific combination, cause the light rays to gradually converge during propagation, and during this convergence, the image size is magnified. At this point, the magnified light rays enter the projection lens, which performs final focusing and adjustment, accurately projecting the image onto the imaging element 31. The imaging element 31 then displays the magnified image generated by the chip 20.

[0116] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the display device 100 further includes a polarizer 33 located between the imaging lens assembly 32 and the chip 20.

[0117] Specifically, polarizer 33, abbreviated as POL, is a material with special optical properties. Its main function is to allow light from a specific direction to pass through while blocking light from other directions.

[0118] The polarization angle of the light emitted from chip 20 may also shift, and the corresponding polarization angle is not equal to the polarization angle of the second polarized light. In this case, polarizer 33 can be set to filter out the second polarized light in the light emitted from chip 20, so as to eliminate stray light or interference light in the light emitted from chip 20, and ensure that the light that hits the imaging device 31 is the second polarized light, thereby improving the imaging effect.

[0119] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 5 The vehicle 1000 provided in this application includes the display device 100 described in any of the above embodiments.

[0120] Specifically, the display device 100 may be a screen of the vehicle 1000 or a head-up display of the vehicle 1000, in which case the display device 100 may be installed in the corresponding position at the front of the vehicle.

[0121] The optical system 10 in the display device 100 can separate the second polarized light, which is unusable by the chip 20, from the natural light emitted from the light source component 11, and use the light deflection component 12 to reverse its polarization state, turning the second polarized light into first polarized light. Subsequently, the first polarized light emitted from the first polarization beam splitter 121 and the first polarized light converted from the second polarized light emitted from the light deflection component 12 can be propagated to the chip 20, thereby improving the utilization rate of the light emitted from the light source component 11 by the optical system 10, and thus improving the overall energy utilization rate of the optical system 10, the display device 100, and the vehicle 1000. In this way, while ensuring a good display effect, the energy consumption of the display device 100 and the vehicle 1000 can be reduced.

[0122] In the display device 100 of the vehicle 100 according to this embodiment, the optical system 10 includes a light source assembly 11 and a light deflection assembly 12. The light deflection assembly 12 includes a first polarization beam splitter 121, a quarter-wave plate 122, and a first reflector 123. The first polarization beam splitter 121 can separate the light emitted from the light source assembly 11 into first polarized light and second polarized light. The first polarization beam splitter 121 transmits the first polarized light, and the first polarized light emitted from the first polarization beam splitter 121 can be directly used by the chip 20 of the display device 100. The second polarized light emitted from the first polarization beam splitter 121, after passing through the quarter-wave plate 122 and the first reflector 123, can be converted into first polarized light, and the first polarized light emitted from the quarter-wave plate 122 can also be used by the chip 20. In this way, the first polarized light and the second polarized light separated from the light emitted from the light source assembly 11 can both be used by the chip 20, thereby improving the energy utilization rate of the optical system 10.

[0123] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "thickness," "upper," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0124] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly. In one example, they can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction between two elements.

[0125] In embodiments of this application, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0126] In the description of this specification, the references to "certain embodiments," "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0127] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An optical system characterized by comprising: include: Light source components; A light deflection assembly includes a first polarizing beam splitter, a quarter-wave plate, and a first reflector. The quarter-wave plate and the first reflector are disposed opposite to the incident surface of the first polarizing beam splitter. The quarter-wave plate is located between the incident surface of the first reflector and the first polarizing beam splitter. The first polarizing beam splitter is configured to transmit first polarized light and reflect second polarized light. The polarization angle difference between the first polarized light and the second polarized light is 90°. The light source assembly emits light towards the incident surface of the first polarizing beam splitter.

2. The optical system of claim 1, wherein The optical system further includes an optical path adjustment element, the quarter-wave plate being located between the optical path adjustment element and the first reflector, the optical path adjustment element including at least a reflective structure configured to reflect light along a direction away from the light source assembly.

3. The optical system of claim 2, wherein, The optical path adjustment component includes a reflecting prism, into which the second polarized light enters, and the reflecting prism includes a reflective layer with a reflective structure.

4. The optical system of claim 3, wherein, The incident surface of the reflecting prism is curved.

5. The optical system of claim 2, wherein, The optical path adjustment component includes a second polarization beam splitter, and the quarter-wave plate is located between the first reflector and the second polarization beam splitter; the second polarization beam splitter is located between the first polarization beam splitter and the quarter-wave plate; The second polarizing beam splitter is configured to transmit the second polarized light and reflect the first polarized light; the portion of the second polarizing beam splitter that reflects the first polarized light is the reflective structure.

6. The optical system of claim 5, wherein, The optical path adjustment component further includes a first lens, which is located between the second polarization beam splitter and the first polarization beam splitter.

7. The optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The light source assembly includes multiple light sources and a dichroic mirror assembly. Each light source emits light of a different color. The multiple light sources are configured to emit light sequentially based on the same frame image. The light-emitting surfaces of the light sources are opposite to the dichroic mirror assembly, and the dichroic mirror assembly emits light towards the first polarizing beam splitter. The dichroic mirror assembly is configured to reflect a target light source and transmit light emitted by the other light sources in the light source assembly, excluding the target light source, so as to make the light spots and light of the multiple light sources different. The target light source is any light source whose light-emitting surface does not face the first polarizing beam splitter.

8. The optical system of claim 7, wherein, The dichroic mirror assembly includes multiple dichroic mirrors, each of which corresponds to a different target light source.

9. The optical system of claim 8, wherein, The light source includes a first light source, a second light source, and a third light source. The light-emitting surface of the first light source faces the first polarizing beam splitter. The light-emitting surfaces of the second and third light sources are opposite to each other and neither faces the first polarizing beam splitter. The dichroic mirror assembly includes a first dichroic mirror and a second dichroic mirror. The first and second dichroic mirrors are arranged crosswise. The target light source of the first dichroic mirror is the second light source, and the target light source of the second dichroic mirror is the third light source.

10. The optical system of claim 7, wherein, A second lens, which is a convex lens, is also provided between the dichroic mirror assembly and the first polarizing beam splitter.

11. The optical system of claim 7, wherein, The optical system also includes multiple collimation components, each corresponding to a light source and located between the corresponding light source and the dichroic mirror. Each collimation component includes at least one convex lens, and at least one side of the convex lens facing away from the light source is convex.

12. The optical system of claim 11, wherein, The collimation assembly includes a third lens and a fourth lens. The third lens is a plano-convex lens, and the fourth lens is a biconvex lens. The third lens is located between the fourth lens and the light source.

13. The optical system according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that The optical system further includes a fifth lens, and the first polarizing beam splitter and the optical path adjustment component emit first polarized light toward the incident surface of the fifth lens.

14. The optical system of claim 13, wherein, The optical axis center of the fifth lens coincides with the center of the converging optical path, which is formed by converging the optical path of the first polarized light transmitted by the first polarizing beam splitter and the optical path of the first polarized light emitted by the optical path adjustment component.

15. The optical system of claim 13, wherein, The optical system further includes a light homogenizer, which includes a reflective portion, and the fifth lens emits light toward the incident surface of the light homogenizer.

16. The optical system of claim 15, wherein, The optical expansion of the light homogenizer is greater than that of the light source assembly, but less than that of the chip connected to the optical system.

17. The optical system of claim 16, wherein, The light-diffusing component includes a solid glass rod and a hollow glass rod.

18. The optical system of claim 15, wherein, The optical system further includes a relay shaping component, which includes multiple lenses. The incident surface of the relay shaping component corresponds to the exit surface of the light homogenizer. The relay shaping component is configured to adjust the spatial and angular distribution of the incident light rays to match the chip connected to the optical system.

19. The optical system of claim 18, wherein, The relay shaping component includes a sixth lens, a seventh lens, an eighth lens, and a second reflector. The sixth lens is located between the second reflector and the light-diffusing component. The second reflector is located between the sixth lens and the seventh lens. The seventh lens is located between the sixth lens and the eighth lens.

20. The optical system of claim 18, wherein, The optical system further includes a third polarization beam splitter, the incident surface of which corresponds to the exit surface of the relay shaping component. The third polarization beam splitter is configured to transmit second polarized light and reflect first polarized light. The third polarization beam splitter reflects the first polarized light toward the chip connected to the optical system.

21. The optical system of claim 20, wherein, The optical system also includes a phase compensation element, which is located between the third polarization beam splitter and the chip.

22. A display device, characterized by include: chip; The optical system according to any one of claims 1-21, wherein the chip is configured to receive and control first polarized light emitted by the optical system to twist the first polarized light into second polarized light and emit the second polarized light.

23. The display device of claim 22, wherein, It also includes an imaging module, which includes at least an imaging element configured to receive second polarized light emitted from the chip to form an image.

24. The display device of claim 23, wherein, The imaging module further includes an imaging lens assembly, which comprises multiple lenses and is located between the imaging element and the chip.

25. The display device of claim 24, wherein, The display device further includes a polarizing element located between the imaging lens assembly and the chip.

26. The display device of claim 22, wherein, The display device is a head-up display.

27. A vehicle characterized by include: A display device as claimed in any one of claims 22-26.

Images