A reactor head ventilation system assembly

Abstract

This application relates to the field of nuclear reactor technology, and in particular to a reactor top ventilation system assembly. The reactor pool has interconnected ventilation holes, a mounting cavity, and an opening, with the opening located at the top of the mounting cavity, which is used to mount the reactor top assembly. The ventilation system communicates with the ventilation holes and can supply cooling gas to the ventilation holes, allowing the cooling gas to carry heat from the reactor top assembly out through the opening to the outside. In the embodiments of this application, the reactor pool has ventilation holes communicating with the mounting cavity, and the ventilation system communicates with the ventilation holes, thereby allowing the ventilation system to supply cooling gas to the interior of the mounting cavity through the ventilation holes. The cooling gas can carry away heat from the reactor top assembly located within the mounting cavity, thus cooling the reactor top assembly. During maintenance of the reactor top assembly, it is not necessary to disassemble the ventilation system structure to avoid the reactor top assembly, thus shortening the maintenance time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of nuclear reactor technology, and in particular to a reactor top ventilation system assembly. Background Technology

[0002] The use of nuclear power is a major breakthrough in the history of human energy utilization. Utilizing the fission reaction of atomic nuclei, nuclear power plants can produce energy outputs that are unmatched by any other traditional fossil fuel, and this high energy output often requires only a small amount of nuclear fuel. This low-input, high-output characteristic has made nuclear energy an important energy component for many countries around the world. During the operation of nuclear power, the temperature of the reactor top assembly rises rapidly. If the heat is not cooled and dissipated in time, it may lead to serious safety accidents. Typically, nuclear power plants are equipped with ventilation systems to cool the reactor top assembly. When maintenance of the reactor top assembly is required, the ventilation system ducts must first be dismantled and stored inside the reactor building.

[0003] In related technologies, the process of repairing the top stack components is time-consuming. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a reactor top ventilation system assembly that can reduce the time spent on maintaining the reactor top components.

[0005] According to a first aspect embodiment of the present application, a reactor top ventilation system assembly is used in a reactor, and the reactor top ventilation system assembly includes:

[0006] The reactor pool has interconnected ventilation holes, mounting cavities, and openings, the openings being located at the top of the mounting cavities for mounting reactor top assemblies;

[0007] A ventilation system, connected to the ventilation opening, is provided with cooling gas to carry the heat of the top assembly out of the opening to the outside.

[0008] The reactor top ventilation system assembly according to the embodiments of this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0009] In the embodiment of this application, the reactor pool has ventilation holes communicating with the mounting cavity. A ventilation system is connected to these ventilation holes, allowing the system to supply cooling gas to the interior of the mounting cavity. This cooling gas removes heat from the top reactor assembly located within the mounting cavity, thus cooling the top reactor assembly. During maintenance of the top reactor assembly, there is no need to disassemble the ventilation system to avoid the assembly, resulting in a shorter maintenance time.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this application, the ventilation hole is located below the opening, and the reactor top ventilation system assembly further includes a reactor top assembly installed in the mounting cavity. Along the arrangement direction of the ventilation hole and the reactor top assembly, the projection area of ​​the ventilation hole is located within the projection area of ​​the reactor top assembly.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this application, the number of ventilation holes is multiple, and the multiple ventilation holes are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the mounting cavity.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, when projected vertically, the projection areas of at least two of the ventilation holes are arranged axially in a cross pattern.

[0013] According to some embodiments of this application, when projected vertically, the included angle formed by the axial intersection of the projection areas of at least two of the ventilation holes is a right angle, and / or, the included angle formed by the axial intersection of the projection areas of at least two of the ventilation holes is an obtuse angle.

[0014] According to some embodiments of this application, the reactor top ventilation system assembly further includes a sealing valve, which is installed in the ventilation hole. Each ventilation hole is provided with a corresponding sealing valve. The sealing valve has an open state and a closed state. When the sealing valve is in the open state, the ventilation system is in communication with the mounting cavity. When the sealing valve is in the closed state, the ventilation system is isolated from the mounting cavity.

[0015] According to some embodiments of this application, the ventilation system includes a main air supply duct and multiple branch air supply ducts, all of which are connected to the main air supply duct and are connected to different ventilation holes.

[0016] According to some embodiments of this application, the ventilation system further includes a first regulating valve disposed on the main air supply pipe to regulate the flow rate of the main air supply pipe.

[0017] According to some embodiments of this application, the ventilation system further includes a second regulating valve, and at least one of the air supply branch pipes is provided with the second regulating valve, which can regulate the flow rate of the corresponding air supply branch pipe.

[0018] According to some embodiments of this application, the ventilation system further includes an isolation valve installed on the main air supply pipe. The isolation valve has a connected state and a closed state. When the isolation valve is in the connected state, the cooling gas can flow from the main air supply pipe to the branch air supply pipe. When the isolation valve is in the closed state, the isolation valve can stop the cooling gas from flowing to the branch air supply pipe.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a simplified structural diagram of a reactor top ventilation system assembly according to one embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a top view of the reactor pool in one embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure label:

[0024] 100, Reactor pool; 100a, Ventilation opening; 100b, Mounting cavity; 100c, Opening; 200, Ventilation system; 210, Main air supply duct; 220, Branch air supply duct; 230, First regulating valve; 240, Second regulating valve; 250, Isolation valve; 300, Top assembly; 400, Sealing valve. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0026] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0027] In the description of this application, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0028] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "setup," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this application in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0029] In the description of this application, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0030] In related technologies, a ventilation system is connected to a ventilation hood, the ventilation hood having a ventilation cavity in its center. The ventilation hood can be installed on the outside of the top reactor assembly, so that at least a portion of the top reactor assembly's structure is located within the ventilation cavity. The ventilation system can cool the top reactor assembly by ventilating the interior of the ventilation cavity and removing heat from the top reactor assembly, particularly the control rod drive mechanism. When maintenance of the top reactor assembly is required, the ventilation hood or ventilation duct located outside the top reactor assembly must be removed before maintenance can be performed. Furthermore, after maintenance, the ventilation hood or ventilation duct must be reinstalled on the outside of the top reactor assembly, making the maintenance process time-consuming.

[0031] The reactor pool 100 of this application has a ventilation hole 100a. The ventilation system 200 can provide cooling gas to the reactor top assembly 300 located in the reactor pool 100 by providing cooling gas to the ventilation hole 100a. During the maintenance of the reactor top assembly 300, it is not necessary to disassemble the ventilation system 200, so the maintenance process takes less time.

[0032] This application proposes to provide a reactor top ventilation system assembly. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 and Figure 2The reactor top ventilation system assembly includes a reactor pool 100 and a ventilation system 200. The reactor pool 100 has interconnected vents 100a, a mounting cavity 100b, and an opening 100c, with the opening 100c located at the top of the mounting cavity 100b, which is used to mount the reactor top assembly 300. Exemplarily, the reactor top assembly 300 includes a control rod drive mechanism. It is understood that the control rod drive mechanism is a primary item of the reactor top assembly and is also the primary object cooled by the ventilation system. During the cooling of the reactor top assembly 300 by the ventilation system 200, cooling gas flows sequentially through the vents 100a, the mounting cavity 100b, and the opening 100c to the outside. The ventilation system 200 communicates with the vents 100a and can supply cooling gas to the vents 100a so that the cooling gas can carry the heat of the reactor top assembly 300 and flow to the outside through the opening 100c. For example, the ventilation system 200 includes a cooling element and a fan. The cooling element is capable of cooling the gas to generate cooling gas, and the fan is used to blow the cooling gas generated by the cooling element toward the ventilation hole 100a. The cooling element may be a cooling coil.

[0033] In this embodiment, the reactor pool 100 has a ventilation hole 100a communicating with the mounting cavity 100b. A ventilation system 200 communicates with the ventilation hole 100a, allowing the ventilation system 200 to supply cooling gas to the interior of the mounting cavity 100b through the ventilation hole 100a. This cooling gas carries away heat from the top reactor assembly 300 located within the mounting cavity 100b, thus cooling the top reactor assembly 300. During maintenance of the top reactor assembly 300, it is not necessary to disassemble the ventilation system 200 to avoid it, thereby shortening the maintenance time.

[0034] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 Ventilation opening 100a is located below opening 100c. The reactor top ventilation system assembly also includes a reactor top assembly 300 installed in mounting cavity 100b. Along the arrangement direction of ventilation opening 100a and reactor top assembly 300, the projection area of ​​ventilation opening 100a is located within the projection area of ​​reactor top assembly 300, as shown in the vertical direction. Figure 1 The direction indicated by the middle arrow R1. Opening 100c is formed at the top of reactor pool 100, and ventilation hole 100a is located below opening 100c. The height of ventilation hole 100a is within the range of the extension height of top assembly 300, so that the cooling gas flowing out from ventilation hole 100a can directly act on top assembly 300 more. When the cooling gas comes into contact with top assembly 300, due to the obstruction effect of top assembly 300 and the principle of hot gas rising, the gas absorbs heat and flows upward to flow out of opening 100c to the outside, thereby removing more heat generated by top assembly 300 and increasing the cooling efficiency of ventilation system 200.

[0035] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The depth of the reactor pool 100 is a first distance, and the vertical distance between the vent 100a and the bottom wall of the reactor pool 100 is a second distance. The ratio between the second distance and the first distance is less than 1 / 4. The lower height of the vent 100a allows the cooling gas to contact the top assembly 300 more fully, increasing cooling efficiency. Furthermore, the cooling gas can contact the bottom of the top assembly 300 to cool it down, reducing temperature unevenness. In another embodiment, the vent 100a is located above the bottom wall of the reactor pool 100. As the airflow flows from the vent 100a to the mounting cavity 100b, friction between the airflow and the bottom wall of the reactor pool 100 is reduced, allowing the airflow to act more effectively on the top assembly 300 for cooling.

[0036] It is understood that other embodiments of this application do not limit the location of the ventilation opening 100a. Exemplarily, in the vertical direction, the ventilation opening 100a may be located between the opening 100c and the top stack assembly 300.

[0037] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The number of ventilation holes 100a is multiple, and the multiple ventilation holes 100a are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the mounting cavity 100b. The multiple ventilation holes 100a enable the cooling gas generated by the ventilation system 200 to enter the interior of the mounting cavity 100b from multiple positions to cool the top assembly 300, thereby increasing the area of ​​the top assembly 300 cooled per unit time and increasing the cooling efficiency.

[0038] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 The projection areas of at least two ventilation holes 100a are arranged axially in a cross pattern along the vertical direction, so that the top assembly 300 can be cooled by cooling gas from multiple directions, thereby further increasing the area of ​​the top assembly 300 in direct contact with the cooling gas, and the temperature of the top assembly 300 is more uniform.

[0039] It is understood that other embodiments of this application do not limit the arrangement of the ventilation holes 100a. Exemplarily, the axial directions of the plurality of ventilation holes 100a are parallel to each other, and all ventilation holes 100a are located on the same side of the reactor pool 100.

[0040] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2Projecting vertically, the included angle formed by the axial intersection of the projection areas of at least two ventilation holes 100a is a right angle, and the included angle formed by the axial intersection of the projection areas of at least two ventilation holes 100a is an obtuse angle. For example, the number of ventilation holes 100a is at least three, and the included angles formed between the ventilation holes 100a can be either right angles or obtuse angles. Projecting vertically, the axial direction of the projection areas of the ventilation holes 100a all passes through the projection area of ​​the top assembly 300, thereby further increasing the area of ​​direct contact between the top assembly 300 and the cooling gas.

[0041] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 The reactor pool 100 includes multiple pool walls extending vertically, which together enclose an installation cavity 100b and an opening 100c. Ventilation holes 100a are formed in the pool walls. There can be four pool walls, forming a rectangle. The axial direction of the ventilation hole 100a can be perpendicular to the corresponding pool wall or form an angle with the corresponding pool wall at other angles. In another embodiment, there can be more than four pool walls. The angle formed between two adjacent pool walls can be a right angle or an obtuse angle. The axial direction of the ventilation hole 100a is perpendicular to the corresponding pool wall, thus facilitating the processing of the ventilation hole 100a.

[0042] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The reactor top ventilation system assembly also includes sealing valves 400, which are installed in ventilation openings 100a. The number of sealing valves 400 corresponds to the number of ventilation openings 100a, with each ventilation opening 100a having a different sealing valve 400. For example, the sealing valve 400 is a sealing sluice gate. The sealing valve 400 has an open state and a closed state. When the sealing valve 400 is in the open state, the ventilation system 200 is connected to the mounting cavity 100b; when the sealing valve 400 is in the closed state, the ventilation system 200 is isolated from the mounting cavity 100b. In the event of a reactor shutdown, liquid needs to be injected into the reactor pool 100 to remove heat from the reactor top assembly 300. The sealing valve 400 can close the corresponding ventilation opening 100a to reduce the possibility of liquid from the reactor pool 100 entering the ventilation system 200 through the ventilation opening. The sealing valve 400 can be installed on the wall of the vent 100a, on the side of the vent facing the mounting cavity 100b and close to the cavity wall of the mounting cavity 100b, or on the side of the vent 100a away from the mounting cavity 100b and close to the outer cavity wall of the mounting cavity 100b, as long as it can prevent the medium from flowing between the two openings 100c of the vent 100a.

[0043] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1The ventilation system 200 includes a main air supply duct 210 and multiple branch air supply ducts 220. All branch air supply ducts 220 are connected to the main air supply duct 210. One end of the main air supply duct 210 is connected to a fan, and the other end of the main air supply duct 210 is connected to a branch air supply duct 220. For example, the number of branch air supply ducts 220 corresponds to the number of vents 100a. All branch air supply ducts 220 are connected to different vents 100a. The cooling gas generated by the ventilation system 200 can flow to the vents 100a through the main air supply duct 210 and the branch air supply ducts 220, which reduces the heat absorbed by the cooling gas during its flow. The cooling gas can maintain a low temperature when it reaches the mounting cavity 100b, thereby absorbing more heat from the top assembly 300.

[0044] It is understood that other embodiments of this application do not limit the air supply form of the ventilation system 200. Exemplarily, the ventilation system 200 can cool the area where the reactor pool 100 is located by supplying cooling gas, and the cooling gas can enter the interior of the mounting cavity 100b by itself through the ventilation hole 100a.

[0045] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The ventilation system 200 also includes a first regulating valve 230, which is disposed in the main air supply pipe 210 to regulate the flow rate of the main air supply pipe 210. The first regulating valve 230 can regulate the volume of cooling gas flowing through the main air supply pipe 210 per unit time, thereby adjusting the cooling capacity of the ventilation system 200. The cooling capacity of the ventilation system 200 can be adjusted according to the operating conditions of the top assembly 300, thereby saving energy.

[0046] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The ventilation system 200 also includes a second regulating valve 240. At least one air supply branch pipe 220 is equipped with a second regulating valve 240, which can regulate the flow rate of the corresponding air supply branch pipe 220. For example, the number of second regulating valves 240 is equal to the number of air supply branch pipes 220, and each air supply branch pipe 220 is equipped with a different second regulating valve 240. The second regulating valve 240 can individually regulate the flow rate of the corresponding air supply branch pipe 220. The length of the air supply branch pipe 220 will affect its cooling capacity to a certain extent. It is understood that, under a constant gas flow velocity, the longer the length of the air supply branch pipe 220, the longer it takes for the air supply branch pipe 220 to transport the cooling gas to the corresponding ventilation hole 100a. The cooling gas may absorb more heat during transportation, thus affecting its cooling capacity. The cooling capacity of the corresponding air supply branch pipe 220 can be adjusted individually by the second regulating valve 240, so that the cooling gas delivery capacity of each air supply branch pipe 220 is similar, and the cooling effect of the cooling gas flowing into each ventilation hole 100a on the top assembly 300 is more uniform.

[0047] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The ventilation system 200 also includes an isolation valve 250, which is installed in the main air supply duct 210. Exemplarily, the isolation valve 250 is located upstream of the first regulating valve 230. The isolation valve 250 has an open state and a closed state. When the isolation valve 250 is in the open state, cooling gas can flow from the main air supply duct 210 to the branch air supply duct 220. When the isolation valve 250 is in the closed state, it can stop the flow of cooling gas to the branch air supply duct 220. The isolation valve 250 can further increase the safety of the ventilation system 200. In the event that liquid flows from the branch air supply duct 220 to the main air supply duct 210, the isolation valve 250 can prevent the liquid from flowing further upstream towards the main air supply duct 210, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the ventilation system 200. Exemplarily, the isolation valve 250 can be a hermetically sealed isolation valve. Furthermore, when the power plant is in a shutdown phase, the isolation valve 250 can reduce the volume of cooling airflow passing through the main air supply pipe 210 or directly close the main air supply pipe 210 to block the cooling airflow, thereby preventing the ventilation system 200 from running idle.

[0048] In one embodiment, the reactor top ventilation system assembly further includes a grating plate covering the top of the reactor pool 100. The grating plate has gaps running vertically through it, communicating with the opening 100c and the outside. The grating plate provides a platform for operators to step on, thereby reducing the risk of operators falling into the mounting cavity 100b from the opening 100c while walking above the reactor pool 100. Furthermore, the gaps in the grating plate allow gas to pass through, enabling the cooling gas to flow smoothly out of the mounting cavity 100b after absorbing heat from the reactor top assembly 300.

[0049] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and all should be covered within the scope of the specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of protection.

Claims

1. A reactor top ventilation system assembly, characterized in that, Used in reactors, including: The reactor pool has interconnected ventilation holes, mounting cavities, and openings, the openings being located at the top of the mounting cavities for mounting reactor top assemblies; A ventilation system, connected to the ventilation opening, is provided with cooling gas to carry the heat of the top assembly out of the opening to the outside.

2. The reactor top ventilation system assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation hole is located below the opening. The reactor top ventilation system assembly also includes a reactor top assembly installed in the mounting cavity. Along the arrangement direction of the ventilation hole and the reactor top assembly, the projection area of ​​the ventilation hole is located within the projection area of ​​the reactor top assembly.

3. The reactor top ventilation system assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of ventilation holes is multiple, and the multiple ventilation holes are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the mounting cavity.

4. The reactor top ventilation system assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, Projecting along the vertical direction, the projection areas of at least two of the ventilation holes are arranged axially in a cross pattern.

5. The reactor top ventilation system assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, When projected vertically, the included angle formed by the axial intersection of the projection areas of at least two of the ventilation holes is a right angle, and / or the included angle formed by the axial intersection of the projection areas of at least two of the ventilation holes is an obtuse angle.

6. The reactor top ventilation system assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reactor top ventilation system assembly also includes a sealing valve, which is installed in the ventilation hole. Each ventilation hole is provided with a corresponding sealing valve. The sealing valve has an open state and a closed state. When the sealing valve is in the open state, the ventilation system is connected to the mounting cavity. When the sealing valve is in the closed state, the ventilation system is isolated from the mounting cavity.

7. The reactor top ventilation system assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation system includes a main air supply duct and multiple branch air supply ducts, all of which are connected to the main air supply duct and to different ventilation holes.

8. The reactor top ventilation system assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The ventilation system further includes a first regulating valve, which is disposed on the main air supply pipe to regulate the flow rate of the main air supply pipe.

9. The reactor top ventilation system assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The ventilation system further includes a second regulating valve, and at least one of the air supply branch pipes is provided with the second regulating valve, which can regulate the flow rate of the corresponding air supply branch pipe.

10. The reactor top ventilation system assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The ventilation system also includes an isolation valve installed on the main air supply pipe. The isolation valve has an open state and a closed state. When the isolation valve is in the open state, the cooling gas can flow from the main air supply pipe to the branch air supply pipe. When the isolation valve is in the closed state, the isolation valve can stop the cooling gas from flowing to the branch air supply pipe.

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